go.mod: Bump k8s deps to v0.24.0

This ends up bumping the prometheus client as well.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Canter <dcanter@microsoft.com>

vendor/github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/internal/go_runtime_metrics.go

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+// Copyright 2021 The Prometheus Authors
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//go:build go1.17
+// +build go1.17
+
+package internal
+
+import (
+	"math"
+	"path"
+	"runtime/metrics"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/prometheus/common/model"
+)
+
+// RuntimeMetricsToProm produces a Prometheus metric name from a runtime/metrics
+// metric description and validates whether the metric is suitable for integration
+// with Prometheus.
+//
+// Returns false if a name could not be produced, or if Prometheus does not understand
+// the runtime/metrics Kind.
+//
+// Note that the main reason a name couldn't be produced is if the runtime/metrics
+// package exports a name with characters outside the valid Prometheus metric name
+// character set. This is theoretically possible, but should never happen in practice.
+// Still, don't rely on it.
+func RuntimeMetricsToProm(d *metrics.Description) (string, string, string, bool) {
+	namespace := "go"
+
+	comp := strings.SplitN(d.Name, ":", 2)
+	key := comp[0]
+	unit := comp[1]
+
+	// The last path element in the key is the name,
+	// the rest is the subsystem.
+	subsystem := path.Dir(key[1:] /* remove leading / */)
+	name := path.Base(key)
+
+	// subsystem is translated by replacing all / and - with _.
+	subsystem = strings.ReplaceAll(subsystem, "/", "_")
+	subsystem = strings.ReplaceAll(subsystem, "-", "_")
+
+	// unit is translated assuming that the unit contains no
+	// non-ASCII characters.
+	unit = strings.ReplaceAll(unit, "-", "_")
+	unit = strings.ReplaceAll(unit, "*", "_")
+	unit = strings.ReplaceAll(unit, "/", "_per_")
+
+	// name has - replaced with _ and is concatenated with the unit and
+	// other data.
+	name = strings.ReplaceAll(name, "-", "_")
+	name = name + "_" + unit
+	if d.Cumulative {
+		name = name + "_total"
+	}
+
+	valid := model.IsValidMetricName(model.LabelValue(namespace + "_" + subsystem + "_" + name))
+	switch d.Kind {
+	case metrics.KindUint64:
+	case metrics.KindFloat64:
+	case metrics.KindFloat64Histogram:
+	default:
+		valid = false
+	}
+	return namespace, subsystem, name, valid
+}
+
+// RuntimeMetricsBucketsForUnit takes a set of buckets obtained for a runtime/metrics histogram
+// type (so, lower-bound inclusive) and a unit from a runtime/metrics name, and produces
+// a reduced set of buckets. This function always removes any -Inf bucket as it's represented
+// as the bottom-most upper-bound inclusive bucket in Prometheus.
+func RuntimeMetricsBucketsForUnit(buckets []float64, unit string) []float64 {
+	switch unit {
+	case "bytes":
+		// Rebucket as powers of 2.
+		return rebucketExp(buckets, 2)
+	case "seconds":
+		// Rebucket as powers of 10 and then merge all buckets greater
+		// than 1 second into the +Inf bucket.
+		b := rebucketExp(buckets, 10)
+		for i := range b {
+			if b[i] <= 1 {
+				continue
+			}
+			b[i] = math.Inf(1)
+			b = b[:i+1]
+			break
+		}
+		return b
+	}
+	return buckets
+}
+
+// rebucketExp takes a list of bucket boundaries (lower bound inclusive) and
+// downsamples the buckets to those a multiple of base apart. The end result
+// is a roughly exponential (in many cases, perfectly exponential) bucketing
+// scheme.
+func rebucketExp(buckets []float64, base float64) []float64 {
+	bucket := buckets[0]
+	var newBuckets []float64
+	// We may see a -Inf here, in which case, add it and skip it
+	// since we risk producing NaNs otherwise.
+	//
+	// We need to preserve -Inf values to maintain runtime/metrics
+	// conventions. We'll strip it out later.
+	if bucket == math.Inf(-1) {
+		newBuckets = append(newBuckets, bucket)
+		buckets = buckets[1:]
+		bucket = buckets[0]
+	}
+	// From now on, bucket should always have a non-Inf value because
+	// Infs are only ever at the ends of the bucket lists, so
+	// arithmetic operations on it are non-NaN.
+	for i := 1; i < len(buckets); i++ {
+		if bucket >= 0 && buckets[i] < bucket*base {
+			// The next bucket we want to include is at least bucket*base.
+			continue
+		} else if bucket < 0 && buckets[i] < bucket/base {
+			// In this case the bucket we're targeting is negative, and since
+			// we're ascending through buckets here, we need to divide to get
+			// closer to zero exponentially.
+			continue
+		}
+		// The +Inf bucket will always be the last one, and we'll always
+		// end up including it here because bucket
+		newBuckets = append(newBuckets, bucket)
+		bucket = buckets[i]
+	}
+	return append(newBuckets, bucket)
+}