Merge pull request #122891 from siyuanfoundation/api-comp-ver1

apimachinery: API Emulation Versioning

cmd/kube-apiserver/app/options/options.go

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ type Extra struct {
 	MasterCount int
 }
 
-// NewServerRunOptions creates a new ServerRunOptions object with default parameters
+// NewServerRunOptions creates and returns ServerRunOptions according to the given featureGate and effectiveVersion of the server binary to run.
 func NewServerRunOptions() *ServerRunOptions {
 	s := ServerRunOptions{
 		Options:       controlplaneapiserver.NewOptions(),

cmd/kube-apiserver/app/options/options_test.go

@@ -27,13 +27,16 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
 	noopoteltrace "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace/noop"
 
+	utilruntime "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/runtime"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/admission"
 	apiserveroptions "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/options"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/storage/etcd3"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/storage/storagebackend"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 	auditbuffered "k8s.io/apiserver/plugin/pkg/audit/buffered"
 	audittruncate "k8s.io/apiserver/plugin/pkg/audit/truncate"
 	cliflag "k8s.io/component-base/cli/flag"
+	"k8s.io/component-base/featuregate"
 	"k8s.io/component-base/logs"
 	"k8s.io/component-base/metrics"
 	kapi "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/apis/core"
@@ -45,7 +48,13 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestAddFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	componentGlobalsRegistry := utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		componentGlobalsRegistry.Reset()
+	})
 	fs := pflag.NewFlagSet("addflagstest", pflag.PanicOnError)
+
+	utilruntime.Must(componentGlobalsRegistry.Register("test", utilversion.NewEffectiveVersion("1.32"), featuregate.NewFeatureGate()))
 	s := NewServerRunOptions()
 	for _, f := range s.Flags().FlagSets {
 		fs.AddFlagSet(f)
@@ -121,8 +130,10 @@ func TestAddFlags(t *testing.T) {
 		"--storage-backend=etcd3",
 		"--service-cluster-ip-range=192.168.128.0/17",
 		"--lease-reuse-duration-seconds=100",
+		"--emulated-version=test=1.31",
 	}
 	fs.Parse(args)
+	utilruntime.Must(componentGlobalsRegistry.Set())
 
 	// This is a snapshot of expected options parsed by args.
 	expected := &ServerRunOptions{
@@ -136,6 +147,8 @@ func TestAddFlags(t *testing.T) {
 				MinRequestTimeout:           1800,
 				JSONPatchMaxCopyBytes:       int64(3 * 1024 * 1024),
 				MaxRequestBodyBytes:         int64(3 * 1024 * 1024),
+				ComponentGlobalsRegistry:    componentGlobalsRegistry,
+				ComponentName:               utilversion.DefaultKubeComponent,
 			},
 			Admission: &kubeoptions.AdmissionOptions{
 				GenericAdmission: &apiserveroptions.AdmissionOptions{
@@ -337,4 +350,8 @@ func TestAddFlags(t *testing.T) {
 	if !reflect.DeepEqual(expected, s) {
 		t.Errorf("Got different run options than expected.\nDifference detected on:\n%s", cmp.Diff(expected, s, cmpopts.IgnoreUnexported(admission.Plugins{}, kubeoptions.OIDCAuthenticationOptions{})))
 	}
+	testEffectiveVersion := s.GenericServerRunOptions.ComponentGlobalsRegistry.EffectiveVersionFor("test")
+	if testEffectiveVersion.EmulationVersion().String() != "1.31" {
+		t.Errorf("Got emulation version %s, wanted %s", testEffectiveVersion.EmulationVersion().String(), "1.31")
+	}
 }

cmd/kube-apiserver/app/options/validation.go

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import (
 	utilfeature "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature"
 	netutils "k8s.io/utils/net"
 
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version"
 	controlplaneapiserver "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/controlplane/apiserver/options"
 	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/controlplane/reconcilers"
 	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/features"
@@ -139,5 +140,14 @@ func (s CompletedOptions) Validate() []error {
 		errs = append(errs, fmt.Errorf("--apiserver-count should be a positive number, but value '%d' provided", s.MasterCount))
 	}
 
+	// TODO: remove in 1.32
+	// emulationVersion is introduced in 1.31, so it is only allowed to be equal to the binary version at 1.31.
+	effectiveVersion := s.GenericServerRunOptions.ComponentGlobalsRegistry.EffectiveVersionFor(s.GenericServerRunOptions.ComponentName)
+	binaryVersion := version.MajorMinor(effectiveVersion.BinaryVersion().Major(), effectiveVersion.BinaryVersion().Minor())
+	if binaryVersion.EqualTo(version.MajorMinor(1, 31)) && !effectiveVersion.EmulationVersion().EqualTo(binaryVersion) {
+		errs = append(errs, fmt.Errorf("emulation version needs to be equal to binary version(%s) in compatibility-version alpha, got %s",
+			binaryVersion.String(), effectiveVersion.EmulationVersion().String()))
+	}
+
 	return errs
 }

cmd/kube-apiserver/app/server.go

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ import (
 	serverstorage "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/storage"
 	utilfeature "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/notfoundhandler"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/webhook"
 	clientgoinformers "k8s.io/client-go/informers"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/rest"
@@ -63,7 +64,10 @@ func init() {
 
 // NewAPIServerCommand creates a *cobra.Command object with default parameters
 func NewAPIServerCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	_, featureGate := utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.ComponentGlobalsOrRegister(
+		utilversion.DefaultKubeComponent, utilversion.DefaultBuildEffectiveVersion(), utilfeature.DefaultMutableFeatureGate)
 	s := options.NewServerRunOptions()
+
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use: "kube-apiserver",
 		Long: `The Kubernetes API server validates and configures data
@@ -74,6 +78,9 @@ cluster's shared state through which all other components interact.`,
 		// stop printing usage when the command errors
 		SilenceUsage: true,
 		PersistentPreRunE: func(*cobra.Command, []string) error {
+			if err := utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.Set(); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
 			// silence client-go warnings.
 			// kube-apiserver loopback clients should not log self-issued warnings.
 			rest.SetDefaultWarningHandler(rest.NoWarnings{})
@@ -82,10 +89,9 @@ cluster's shared state through which all other components interact.`,
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			verflag.PrintAndExitIfRequested()
 			fs := cmd.Flags()
-
 			// Activate logging as soon as possible, after that
 			// show flags with the final logging configuration.
-			if err := logsapi.ValidateAndApply(s.Logs, utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate); err != nil {
+			if err := logsapi.ValidateAndApply(s.Logs, featureGate); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 			cliflag.PrintFlags(fs)
@@ -101,7 +107,7 @@ cluster's shared state through which all other components interact.`,
 				return utilerrors.NewAggregate(errs)
 			}
 			// add feature enablement metrics
-			utilfeature.DefaultMutableFeatureGate.AddMetrics()
+			featureGate.AddMetrics()
 			return Run(cmd.Context(), completedOptions)
 		},
 		Args: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {

cmd/kube-apiserver/app/testing/testserver.go

@@ -43,16 +43,19 @@ import (
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/errors"
 	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
 	utilerrors "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/errors"
+	utilruntime "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/runtime"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/wait"
 	serveroptions "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/options"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/storage/storagebackend"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/storageversion"
 	utilfeature "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes"
 	restclient "k8s.io/client-go/rest"
 	clientgotransport "k8s.io/client-go/transport"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/util/cert"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/util/keyutil"
+	featuregatetesting "k8s.io/component-base/featuregate/testing"
 	logsapi "k8s.io/component-base/logs/api/v1"
 	"k8s.io/klog/v2"
 	"k8s.io/kube-aggregator/pkg/apiserver"
@@ -98,6 +101,9 @@ type TestServerInstanceOptions struct {
 	// We specify this as on option to pass a common proxyCA to multiple apiservers to simulate
 	// an apiserver version skew scenario where all apiservers use the same proxyCA to verify client connections.
 	ProxyCA *ProxyCA
+	// Set the BinaryVersion of server effective version.
+	// Default to 1.31
+	BinaryVersion string
 }
 
 // TestServer return values supplied by kube-test-ApiServer
@@ -177,7 +183,18 @@ func StartTestServer(t ktesting.TB, instanceOptions *TestServerInstanceOptions,
 
 	fs := pflag.NewFlagSet("test", pflag.PanicOnError)
 
+	featureGate := utilfeature.DefaultMutableFeatureGate
+	effectiveVersion := utilversion.DefaultKubeEffectiveVersion()
+	if instanceOptions.BinaryVersion != "" {
+		effectiveVersion = utilversion.NewEffectiveVersion(instanceOptions.BinaryVersion)
+	}
+	// need to call SetFeatureGateEmulationVersionDuringTest to reset the feature gate emulation version at the end of the test.
+	featuregatetesting.SetFeatureGateEmulationVersionDuringTest(t, featureGate, effectiveVersion.EmulationVersion())
+	utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.Reset()
+	utilruntime.Must(utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.Register(utilversion.DefaultKubeComponent, effectiveVersion, featureGate))
+
 	s := options.NewServerRunOptions()
+
 	for _, f := range s.Flags().FlagSets {
 		fs.AddFlagSet(f)
 	}
@@ -321,6 +338,10 @@ func StartTestServer(t ktesting.TB, instanceOptions *TestServerInstanceOptions,
 		return result, err
 	}
 
+	if err := utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.Set(); err != nil {
+		return result, err
+	}
+
 	saSigningKeyFile, err := os.CreateTemp("/tmp", "insecure_test_key")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("create temp file failed: %v", err)

pkg/controlplane/apiserver/apiextensions.go

@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ limitations under the License.
 package apiserver
 
 import (
-	"k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apis/apiextensions/v1"
 	"k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apis/apiextensions/v1beta1"
 	apiextensionsapiserver "k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apiserver"
 	apiextensionsoptions "k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/cmd/server/options"
@@ -27,6 +26,7 @@ import (
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/webhook"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/informers"
+	v1 "k8s.io/kube-aggregator/pkg/apis/apiregistration/v1"
 
 	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/controlplane/apiserver/options"
 )

pkg/controlplane/apiserver/apis.go

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ func (s *Server) InstallAPIs(restStorageProviders ...RESTStorageProvider) error
 	nonLegacy := []*genericapiserver.APIGroupInfo{}
 
 	// used later in the loop to filter the served resource by those that have expired.
-	resourceExpirationEvaluator, err := genericapiserver.NewResourceExpirationEvaluator(*s.GenericAPIServer.Version)
+	resourceExpirationEvaluator, err := genericapiserver.NewResourceExpirationEvaluator(s.GenericAPIServer.EffectiveVersion.EmulationVersion())
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

pkg/controlplane/apiserver/config.go

@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ import (
 	clientgoinformers "k8s.io/client-go/informers"
 	clientgoclientset "k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/util/keyutil"
-	"k8s.io/component-base/version"
 	aggregatorapiserver "k8s.io/kube-aggregator/pkg/apiserver"
 	openapicommon "k8s.io/kube-openapi/pkg/common"
 
@@ -172,9 +171,6 @@ func BuildGenericConfig(
 		sets.NewString("attach", "exec", "proxy", "log", "portforward"),
 	)
 
-	kubeVersion := version.Get()
-	genericConfig.Version = &kubeVersion
-
 	if genericConfig.EgressSelector != nil {
 		s.Etcd.StorageConfig.Transport.EgressLookup = genericConfig.EgressSelector.Lookup
 	}
@@ -185,7 +181,9 @@ func BuildGenericConfig(
 	}
 
 	storageFactoryConfig := kubeapiserver.NewStorageFactoryConfig()
+	storageFactoryConfig.CurrentVersion = genericConfig.EffectiveVersion
 	storageFactoryConfig.APIResourceConfig = genericConfig.MergedResourceConfig
+	storageFactoryConfig.DefaultResourceEncoding.SetEffectiveVersion(genericConfig.EffectiveVersion)
 	storageFactory, lastErr = storageFactoryConfig.Complete(s.Etcd).New()
 	if lastErr != nil {
 		return

pkg/controlplane/apiserver/config_test.go

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ func TestBuildGenericConfig(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("There are different StorageObjectCountTracker in genericConfig and storageFactory")
 	}
 
-	restOptions, err := genericConfig.RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(schema.GroupResource{Group: "", Resource: ""})
+	restOptions, err := genericConfig.RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(schema.GroupResource{Group: "", Resource: ""}, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

pkg/controlplane/apiserver/options/options.go

@@ -202,6 +202,10 @@ func (o *Options) Complete(alternateDNS []string, alternateIPs []net.IP) (Comple
 		Options: *o,
 	}
 
+	if err := completed.GenericServerRunOptions.Complete(); err != nil {
+		return CompletedOptions{}, err
+	}
+
 	// set defaults
 	if err := completed.GenericServerRunOptions.DefaultAdvertiseAddress(completed.SecureServing.SecureServingOptions); err != nil {
 		return CompletedOptions{}, err

pkg/controlplane/apiserver/options/options_test.go

@@ -26,13 +26,16 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
 	noopoteltrace "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace/noop"
 
+	utilruntime "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/runtime"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/admission"
 	apiserveroptions "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/options"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/storage/etcd3"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/storage/storagebackend"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 	auditbuffered "k8s.io/apiserver/plugin/pkg/audit/buffered"
 	audittruncate "k8s.io/apiserver/plugin/pkg/audit/truncate"
 	cliflag "k8s.io/component-base/cli/flag"
+	"k8s.io/component-base/featuregate"
 	"k8s.io/component-base/logs"
 	"k8s.io/component-base/metrics"
 	netutils "k8s.io/utils/net"
@@ -41,7 +44,12 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestAddFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	componentGlobalsRegistry := utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		componentGlobalsRegistry.Reset()
+	})
 	fs := pflag.NewFlagSet("addflagstest", pflag.PanicOnError)
+	utilruntime.Must(componentGlobalsRegistry.Register("test", utilversion.NewEffectiveVersion("1.32"), featuregate.NewFeatureGate()))
 	s := NewOptions()
 	var fss cliflag.NamedFlagSets
 	s.AddFlags(&fss)
@@ -108,8 +116,10 @@ func TestAddFlags(t *testing.T) {
 		"--request-timeout=2m",
 		"--storage-backend=etcd3",
 		"--lease-reuse-duration-seconds=100",
+		"--emulated-version=test=1.31",
 	}
 	fs.Parse(args)
+	utilruntime.Must(componentGlobalsRegistry.Set())
 
 	// This is a snapshot of expected options parsed by args.
 	expected := &Options{
@@ -122,6 +132,8 @@ func TestAddFlags(t *testing.T) {
 			MinRequestTimeout:           1800,
 			JSONPatchMaxCopyBytes:       int64(3 * 1024 * 1024),
 			MaxRequestBodyBytes:         int64(3 * 1024 * 1024),
+			ComponentGlobalsRegistry:    componentGlobalsRegistry,
+			ComponentName:               utilversion.DefaultKubeComponent,
 		},
 		Admission: &kubeoptions.AdmissionOptions{
 			GenericAdmission: &apiserveroptions.AdmissionOptions{
@@ -292,4 +304,9 @@ func TestAddFlags(t *testing.T) {
 	if !reflect.DeepEqual(expected, s) {
 		t.Errorf("Got different run options than expected.\nDifference detected on:\n%s", cmp.Diff(expected, s, cmpopts.IgnoreUnexported(admission.Plugins{}, kubeoptions.OIDCAuthenticationOptions{})))
 	}
+
+	testEffectiveVersion := s.GenericServerRunOptions.ComponentGlobalsRegistry.EffectiveVersionFor("test")
+	if testEffectiveVersion.EmulationVersion().String() != "1.31" {
+		t.Errorf("Got emulation version %s, wanted %s", testEffectiveVersion.EmulationVersion().String(), "1.31")
+	}
 }

pkg/controlplane/apiserver/options/validation.go

@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ func validateUnknownVersionInteroperabilityProxyFlags(options *Options) []error
 func (s *Options) Validate() []error {
 	var errs []error
 
+	errs = append(errs, s.GenericServerRunOptions.Validate()...)
 	errs = append(errs, s.Etcd.Validate()...)
 	errs = append(errs, validateAPIPriorityAndFairness(s)...)
 	errs = append(errs, s.SecureServing.Validate()...)

pkg/controlplane/apiserver/options/validation_test.go

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 	kubeapiserveradmission "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/admission"
 	genericoptions "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/options"
 	utilfeature "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/component-base/featuregate"
 	basemetrics "k8s.io/component-base/metrics"
 	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/features"
@@ -200,7 +201,7 @@ func TestValidateOptions(t *testing.T) {
 			name:         "validate master count equal 0",
 			expectErrors: true,
 			options: &Options{
-				GenericServerRunOptions: &genericoptions.ServerRunOptions{},
+				GenericServerRunOptions: &genericoptions.ServerRunOptions{ComponentGlobalsRegistry: utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry},
 				Etcd:                    &genericoptions.EtcdOptions{},
 				SecureServing:           &genericoptions.SecureServingOptionsWithLoopback{},
 				Audit:                   &genericoptions.AuditOptions{},
@@ -227,7 +228,7 @@ func TestValidateOptions(t *testing.T) {
 			name:         "validate token request enable not attempted",
 			expectErrors: true,
 			options: &Options{
-				GenericServerRunOptions: &genericoptions.ServerRunOptions{},
+				GenericServerRunOptions: &genericoptions.ServerRunOptions{ComponentGlobalsRegistry: utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry},
 				Etcd:                    &genericoptions.EtcdOptions{},
 				SecureServing:           &genericoptions.SecureServingOptionsWithLoopback{},
 				Audit:                   &genericoptions.AuditOptions{},

pkg/controlplane/apiserver/peer.go

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ func BuildPeerProxy(versionedInformer clientgoinformers.SharedInformerFactory, s
 // The peer endpoint leases are used to find network locations of apiservers for peer proxy
 func CreatePeerEndpointLeaseReconciler(c genericapiserver.Config, storageFactory serverstorage.StorageFactory) (reconcilers.PeerEndpointLeaseReconciler, error) {
 	ttl := DefaultPeerEndpointReconcilerTTL
-	config, err := storageFactory.NewConfig(api.Resource("apiServerPeerIPInfo"))
+	config, err := storageFactory.NewConfig(api.Resource("apiServerPeerIPInfo"), &api.Endpoints{})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error creating storage factory config: %w", err)
 	}

pkg/controlplane/instance.go

@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ func (c *Config) createLeaseReconciler() reconcilers.EndpointReconciler {
 	endpointsAdapter := reconcilers.NewEndpointsAdapter(endpointClient, endpointSliceClient)
 
 	ttl := c.Extra.MasterEndpointReconcileTTL
-	config, err := c.ControlPlane.StorageFactory.NewConfig(api.Resource("apiServerIPInfo"))
+	config, err := c.ControlPlane.StorageFactory.NewConfig(api.Resource("apiServerIPInfo"), &api.Endpoints{})
 	if err != nil {
 		klog.Fatalf("Error creating storage factory config: %v", err)
 	}

pkg/controlplane/instance_test.go

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"crypto/tls"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ import (
 	serverstorage "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/storage"
 	etcd3testing "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/storage/etcd3/testing"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/openapi"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/discovery"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/informers"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes"
@@ -103,7 +105,9 @@ func setUp(t *testing.T) (*etcd3testing.EtcdTestServer, Config, *assert.Assertio
 		},
 	}
 
+	config.ControlPlane.Generic.EffectiveVersion = utilversion.DefaultKubeEffectiveVersion()
 	storageFactoryConfig := kubeapiserver.NewStorageFactoryConfig()
+	storageFactoryConfig.DefaultResourceEncoding.SetEffectiveVersion(config.ControlPlane.Generic.EffectiveVersion)
 	storageConfig.StorageObjectCountTracker = config.ControlPlane.Generic.StorageObjectCountTracker
 	resourceEncoding := resourceconfig.MergeResourceEncodingConfigs(storageFactoryConfig.DefaultResourceEncoding, storageFactoryConfig.ResourceEncodingOverrides)
 	storageFactory := serverstorage.NewDefaultStorageFactory(*storageConfig, "application/vnd.kubernetes.protobuf", storageFactoryConfig.Serializer, resourceEncoding, DefaultAPIResourceConfigSource(), nil)
@@ -115,9 +119,7 @@ func setUp(t *testing.T) (*etcd3testing.EtcdTestServer, Config, *assert.Assertio
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	kubeVersion := kubeversion.Get()
 	config.ControlPlane.Generic.Authorization.Authorizer = authorizerfactory.NewAlwaysAllowAuthorizer()
-	config.ControlPlane.Generic.Version = &kubeVersion
 	config.ControlPlane.StorageFactory = storageFactory
 	config.ControlPlane.Generic.LoopbackClientConfig = &restclient.Config{APIPath: "/api", ContentConfig: restclient.ContentConfig{NegotiatedSerializer: legacyscheme.Codecs}}
 	config.ControlPlane.Generic.PublicAddress = netutils.ParseIPSloppy("192.168.10.4")
@@ -240,9 +242,13 @@ func TestVersion(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
 	}
+	expectedInfo := kubeversion.Get()
+	kubeVersion := utilversion.DefaultKubeEffectiveVersion().BinaryVersion()
+	expectedInfo.Major = fmt.Sprintf("%d", kubeVersion.Major())
+	expectedInfo.Minor = fmt.Sprintf("%d", kubeVersion.Minor())
 
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(kubeversion.Get(), info) {
-		t.Errorf("Expected %#v, Got %#v", kubeversion.Get(), info)
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(expectedInfo, info) {
+		t.Errorf("Expected %#v, Got %#v", expectedInfo, info)
 	}
 }
 

pkg/features/client_adapter_test.go

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ package features
 import (
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
+	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp/cmpopts"
 	clientfeatures "k8s.io/client-go/features"
 	"k8s.io/component-base/featuregate"
 )
@@ -78,8 +80,7 @@ func TestClientAdapterAdd(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Errorf("expected feature %q not found", name)
 			continue
 		}
-
-		if actual != expected {
+		if diff := cmp.Diff(actual, expected, cmpopts.IgnoreFields(featuregate.FeatureSpec{}, "Version")); diff != "" {
 			t.Errorf("expected feature %q spec %#v, got spec %#v", name, expected, actual)
 		}
 	}

pkg/features/kube_features.go

@@ -946,6 +946,7 @@ const (
 
 func init() {
 	runtime.Must(utilfeature.DefaultMutableFeatureGate.Add(defaultKubernetesFeatureGates))
+	runtime.Must(utilfeature.DefaultMutableFeatureGate.AddVersioned(defaultVersionedKubernetesFeatureGates))
 
 	// Register all client-go features with kube's feature gate instance and make all client-go
 	// feature checks use kube's instance. The effect is that for kube binaries, client-go

pkg/features/kube_features_test.go

@@ -62,6 +62,9 @@ func TestAllRegisteredFeaturesExpected(t *testing.T) {
 	if err := knownFeatureGates.Add(defaultKubernetesFeatureGates); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
+	if err := knownFeatureGates.AddVersioned(defaultVersionedKubernetesFeatureGates); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
 	knownFeatures := knownFeatureGates.GetAll()
 
 	for registeredFeature := range registeredFeatures {

pkg/features/versioned_kube_features.go

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2024 The Kubernetes Authors.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package features
+
+import (
+	"k8s.io/component-base/featuregate"
+)
+
+// defaultVersionedKubernetesFeatureGates consists of all known Kubernetes-specific feature keys with VersionedSpecs.
+// To add a new feature, define a key for it and add it here. The features will be
+// available throughout Kubernetes binaries.
+//
+// Entries are separated from each other with blank lines to avoid sweeping gofmt changes
+// when adding or removing one entry.
+var defaultVersionedKubernetesFeatureGates = map[featuregate.Feature]featuregate.VersionedSpecs{
+	// Example:
+	// genericfeatures.EmulationVersion: {
+	// 	{Version: version.MustParse("1.30"), Default: false, PreRelease: featuregate.Alpha},
+	// },
+}

pkg/kubeapiserver/default_storage_factory_builder.go

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import (
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/resourceconfig"
 	serverstorage "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/storage"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/storage/storagebackend"
+	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/api/legacyscheme"
 	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/apis/apps"
 	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/apis/certificates"
@@ -93,6 +94,7 @@ type StorageFactoryConfig struct {
 	Serializer                runtime.StorageSerializer
 	ResourceEncodingOverrides []schema.GroupVersionResource
 	EtcdServersOverrides      []string
+	CurrentVersion            version.EffectiveVersion
 }
 
 // Complete completes the StorageFactoryConfig with provided etcdOptions returning completedStorageFactoryConfig.

pkg/registry/core/rest/storage_core.go

@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ func (p *legacyProvider) NewRESTStorage(apiResourceConfigSource serverstorage.AP
 func (c *Config) newServiceIPAllocators() (registries rangeRegistries, primaryClusterIPAllocator ipallocator.Interface, clusterIPAllocators map[api.IPFamily]ipallocator.Interface, nodePortAllocator *portallocator.PortAllocator, err error) {
 	clusterIPAllocators = map[api.IPFamily]ipallocator.Interface{}
 
-	serviceStorageConfig, err := c.StorageFactory.NewConfig(api.Resource("services"))
+	serviceStorageConfig, err := c.StorageFactory.NewConfig(api.Resource("services"), &api.Service{})
 	if err != nil {
 		return rangeRegistries{}, nil, nil, nil, err
 	}

pkg/registry/core/rest/storage_core_test.go

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package rest
 import (
 	"testing"
 
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/storage"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/storage/storagebackend"
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ func TestGetServersToValidate(t *testing.T) {
 
 type fakeStorageFactory struct{}
 
-func (f fakeStorageFactory) NewConfig(groupResource schema.GroupResource) (*storagebackend.ConfigForResource, error) {
+func (f fakeStorageFactory) NewConfig(groupResource schema.GroupResource, example runtime.Object) (*storagebackend.ConfigForResource, error) {
 	return nil, nil
 }
 

pkg/registry/registrytest/etcd.go

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ func NewEtcdStorageForResource(t *testing.T, resource schema.GroupResource) (*st
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Error while making storage factory: %v", err)
 	}
-	resourceConfig, err := factory.NewConfig(resource)
+	resourceConfig, err := factory.NewConfig(resource, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Error while finding storage destination: %v", err)
 	}

staging/src/k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apiserver/apiserver.go

@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ import (
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/serializer"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/wait"
-	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/version"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/endpoints/discovery"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/endpoints/discovery/aggregated"
 	genericregistry "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/registry/generic"
@@ -118,12 +117,6 @@ func (cfg *Config) Complete() CompletedConfig {
 	}
 
 	c.GenericConfig.EnableDiscovery = false
-	if c.GenericConfig.Version == nil {
-		c.GenericConfig.Version = &version.Info{
-			Major: "0",
-			Minor: "1",
-		}
-	}
 
 	return CompletedConfig{&c}
 }

staging/src/k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apiserver/customresource_handler.go

@@ -1178,8 +1178,9 @@ type crdConversionRESTOptionsGetter struct {
 	preserveUnknownFields bool
 }
 
-func (t crdConversionRESTOptionsGetter) GetRESTOptions(resource schema.GroupResource) (generic.RESTOptions, error) {
-	ret, err := t.RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(resource)
+func (t crdConversionRESTOptionsGetter) GetRESTOptions(resource schema.GroupResource, example runtime.Object) (generic.RESTOptions, error) {
+	// Explicitly ignore example, we override storageconfig below
+	ret, err := t.RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(resource, nil)
 	if err == nil {
 		d := schemaCoercingDecoder{delegate: ret.StorageConfig.Codec, validator: unstructuredSchemaCoercer{
 			// drop invalid fields while decoding old CRs (before we haven't had any ObjectMeta validation)

staging/src/k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/cmd/server/options/options.go

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ func (o CustomResourceDefinitionsServerOptions) Validate() error {
 
 // Complete fills in missing options.
 func (o *CustomResourceDefinitionsServerOptions) Complete() error {
-	return nil
+	return o.ServerRunOptions.Complete()
 }
 
 // Config returns an apiextensions-apiserver configuration.

staging/src/k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/cmd/server/server.go

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import (
 
 	"k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/cmd/server/options"
 	genericapiserver "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 )
 
 func NewServerCommand(ctx context.Context, out, errOut io.Writer) *cobra.Command {
@@ -32,6 +33,9 @@ func NewServerCommand(ctx context.Context, out, errOut io.Writer) *cobra.Command
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Short: "Launch an API extensions API server",
 		Long:  "Launch an API extensions API server",
+		PersistentPreRunE: func(*cobra.Command, []string) error {
+			return utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.Set()
+		},
 		RunE: func(c *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			if err := o.Complete(); err != nil {
 				return err

staging/src/k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/cmd/server/testing/testserver.go

@@ -31,11 +31,14 @@ import (
 	extensionsapiserver "k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apiserver"
 	"k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/cmd/server/options"
 	generatedopenapi "k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/generated/openapi"
+	utilruntime "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/runtime"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/wait"
 	openapinamer "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/endpoints/openapi"
 	genericapiserver "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/storage/storagebackend"
+	utilfeature "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/openapi"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes"
 	restclient "k8s.io/client-go/rest"
 	logsapi "k8s.io/component-base/logs/api/v1"
@@ -120,6 +123,10 @@ func StartTestServer(t Logger, _ *TestServerInstanceOptions, customFlags []strin
 
 	fs := pflag.NewFlagSet("test", pflag.PanicOnError)
 
+	featureGate := utilfeature.DefaultMutableFeatureGate
+	effectiveVersion := utilversion.DefaultKubeEffectiveVersion()
+	utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.Reset()
+	utilruntime.Must(utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.Register(utilversion.DefaultKubeComponent, effectiveVersion, featureGate))
 	s := options.NewCustomResourceDefinitionsServerOptions(os.Stdout, os.Stderr)
 	s.AddFlags(fs)
 
@@ -143,6 +150,10 @@ func StartTestServer(t Logger, _ *TestServerInstanceOptions, customFlags []strin
 
 	fs.Parse(customFlags)
 
+	if err := utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.Set(); err != nil {
+		return result, err
+	}
+
 	if err := s.Complete(); err != nil {
 		return result, fmt.Errorf("failed to set default options: %v", err)
 	}

staging/src/k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/test/integration/conversion/conversion_test.go

@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ func testWebhookConverter(t *testing.T, watchCache bool) {
 	crd := multiVersionFixture.DeepCopy()
 
 	RESTOptionsGetter := serveroptions.NewCRDRESTOptionsGetter(*options.RecommendedOptions.Etcd, nil, nil)
-	restOptions, err := RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(schema.GroupResource{Group: crd.Spec.Group, Resource: crd.Spec.Names.Plural})
+	restOptions, err := RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(schema.GroupResource{Group: crd.Spec.Group, Resource: crd.Spec.Names.Plural}, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

staging/src/k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/test/integration/defaulting_test.go

@@ -659,7 +659,7 @@ func TestCustomResourceDefaultingOfMetaFields(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// get persisted object
 	RESTOptionsGetter := serveroptions.NewCRDRESTOptionsGetter(*options.RecommendedOptions.Etcd, nil, nil)
-	restOptions, err := RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(schema.GroupResource{Group: crd.Spec.Group, Resource: crd.Spec.Names.Plural})
+	restOptions, err := RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(schema.GroupResource{Group: crd.Spec.Group, Resource: crd.Spec.Names.Plural}, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

staging/src/k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/test/integration/fixtures/server.go

@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ func StartDefaultServerWithClientsAndEtcd(t servertesting.Logger, extraFlags ...
 	}
 
 	RESTOptionsGetter := serveroptions.NewCRDRESTOptionsGetter(*options.RecommendedOptions.Etcd, resourceTransformers, nil)
-	restOptions, err := RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(schema.GroupResource{Group: "hopefully-ignored-group", Resource: "hopefully-ignored-resources"})
+	restOptions, err := RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(schema.GroupResource{Group: "hopefully-ignored-group", Resource: "hopefully-ignored-resources"}, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, nil, nil, "", err
 	}

staging/src/k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/test/integration/objectmeta_test.go

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ func TestInvalidObjectMetaInStorage(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	RESTOptionsGetter := serveroptions.NewCRDRESTOptionsGetter(*options.RecommendedOptions.Etcd, nil, nil)
-	restOptions, err := RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(schema.GroupResource{Group: noxuDefinition.Spec.Group, Resource: noxuDefinition.Spec.Names.Plural})
+	restOptions, err := RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(schema.GroupResource{Group: noxuDefinition.Spec.Group, Resource: noxuDefinition.Spec.Names.Plural}, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

staging/src/k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/test/integration/pruning_test.go

@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ func TestPruningFromStorage(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	restOptions, err := completedConfig.GenericConfig.RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(schema.GroupResource{Group: crd.Spec.Group, Resource: crd.Spec.Names.Plural})
+	restOptions, err := completedConfig.GenericConfig.RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(schema.GroupResource{Group: crd.Spec.Group, Resource: crd.Spec.Names.Plural}, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

staging/src/k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version/version.go

@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ import (
 	"regexp"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
+
+	apimachineryversion "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/version"
 )
 
 // Version is an opaque representation of a version number
@@ -31,6 +33,7 @@ type Version struct {
 	semver        bool
 	preRelease    string
 	buildMetadata string
+	info          apimachineryversion.Info
 }
 
 var (
@@ -145,6 +148,43 @@ func MustParseGeneric(str string) *Version {
 	return v
 }
 
+// Parse tries to do ParseSemantic first to keep more information.
+// If ParseSemantic fails, it would just do ParseGeneric.
+func Parse(str string) (*Version, error) {
+	v, err := parse(str, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		return parse(str, false)
+	}
+	return v, err
+}
+
+// MustParse is like Parse except that it panics on error
+func MustParse(str string) *Version {
+	v, err := Parse(str)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	return v
+}
+
+// ParseMajorMinor parses a "generic" version string and returns a version with the major and minor version.
+func ParseMajorMinor(str string) (*Version, error) {
+	v, err := ParseGeneric(str)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return MajorMinor(v.Major(), v.Minor()), nil
+}
+
+// MustParseMajorMinor is like ParseMajorMinor except that it panics on error
+func MustParseMajorMinor(str string) *Version {
+	v, err := ParseMajorMinor(str)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	return v
+}
+
 // ParseSemantic parses a version string that exactly obeys the syntax and semantics of
 // the "Semantic Versioning" specification (http://semver.org/) (although it ignores
 // leading and trailing whitespace, and allows the version to be preceded by "v"). For
@@ -215,6 +255,32 @@ func (v *Version) WithMinor(minor uint) *Version {
 	return &result
 }
 
+// SubtractMinor returns the version with offset from the original minor, with the same major and no patch.
+// If -offset >= current minor, the minor would be 0.
+func (v *Version) OffsetMinor(offset int) *Version {
+	var minor uint
+	if offset >= 0 {
+		minor = v.Minor() + uint(offset)
+	} else {
+		diff := uint(-offset)
+		if diff < v.Minor() {
+			minor = v.Minor() - diff
+		}
+	}
+	return MajorMinor(v.Major(), minor)
+}
+
+// SubtractMinor returns the version diff minor versions back, with the same major and no patch.
+// If diff >= current minor, the minor would be 0.
+func (v *Version) SubtractMinor(diff uint) *Version {
+	return v.OffsetMinor(-int(diff))
+}
+
+// AddMinor returns the version diff minor versions forward, with the same major and no patch.
+func (v *Version) AddMinor(diff uint) *Version {
+	return v.OffsetMinor(int(diff))
+}
+
 // WithPatch returns copy of the version object with requested patch number
 func (v *Version) WithPatch(patch uint) *Version {
 	result := *v
@@ -224,6 +290,9 @@ func (v *Version) WithPatch(patch uint) *Version {
 
 // WithPreRelease returns copy of the version object with requested prerelease
 func (v *Version) WithPreRelease(preRelease string) *Version {
+	if len(preRelease) == 0 {
+		return v
+	}
 	result := *v
 	result.components = []uint{v.Major(), v.Minor(), v.Patch()}
 	result.preRelease = preRelease
@@ -345,6 +414,17 @@ func onlyZeros(array []uint) bool {
 	return true
 }
 
+// EqualTo tests if a version is equal to a given version.
+func (v *Version) EqualTo(other *Version) bool {
+	if v == nil {
+		return other == nil
+	}
+	if other == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	return v.compareInternal(other) == 0
+}
+
 // AtLeast tests if a version is at least equal to a given minimum version. If both
 // Versions are Semantic Versions, this will use the Semantic Version comparison
 // algorithm. Otherwise, it will compare only the numeric components, with non-present
@@ -360,6 +440,11 @@ func (v *Version) LessThan(other *Version) bool {
 	return v.compareInternal(other) == -1
 }
 
+// GreaterThan tests if a version is greater than a given version.
+func (v *Version) GreaterThan(other *Version) bool {
+	return v.compareInternal(other) == 1
+}
+
 // Compare compares v against a version string (which will be parsed as either Semantic
 // or non-Semantic depending on v). On success it returns -1 if v is less than other, 1 if
 // it is greater than other, or 0 if they are equal.
@@ -370,3 +455,30 @@ func (v *Version) Compare(other string) (int, error) {
 	}
 	return v.compareInternal(ov), nil
 }
+
+// WithInfo returns copy of the version object with requested info
+func (v *Version) WithInfo(info apimachineryversion.Info) *Version {
+	result := *v
+	result.info = info
+	return &result
+}
+
+func (v *Version) Info() *apimachineryversion.Info {
+	if v == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	// in case info is empty, or the major and minor in info is different from the actual major and minor
+	v.info.Major = itoa(v.Major())
+	v.info.Minor = itoa(v.Minor())
+	if v.info.GitVersion == "" {
+		v.info.GitVersion = v.String()
+	}
+	return &v.info
+}
+
+func itoa(i uint) string {
+	if i == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return strconv.Itoa(int(i))
+}

staging/src/k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version/version_test.go

@@ -452,3 +452,99 @@ func TestHighestSupportedVersion(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func TestOffsetMinor(t *testing.T) {
+	var tests = []struct {
+		version            string
+		diff               int
+		expectedComponents []uint
+	}{
+		{
+			version:            "1.0.2",
+			diff:               -3,
+			expectedComponents: []uint{1, 0},
+		},
+		{
+			version:            "1.3.2-alpha+001",
+			diff:               -2,
+			expectedComponents: []uint{1, 1},
+		},
+		{
+			version:            "1.3.2-alpha+001",
+			diff:               -3,
+			expectedComponents: []uint{1, 0},
+		},
+		{
+			version:            "1.20",
+			diff:               -5,
+			expectedComponents: []uint{1, 15},
+		},
+		{
+			version:            "1.20",
+			diff:               5,
+			expectedComponents: []uint{1, 25},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		version, _ := ParseGeneric(test.version)
+		if !reflect.DeepEqual(test.expectedComponents, version.OffsetMinor(test.diff).Components()) {
+			t.Error("parse returned un'expected components")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParse(t *testing.T) {
+
+	var tests = []struct {
+		version               string
+		expectErr             bool
+		expectedComponents    []uint
+		expectedPreRelease    string
+		expectedBuildMetadata string
+	}{
+		{
+			version:            "1.0.2",
+			expectedComponents: []uint{1, 0, 2},
+		},
+		{
+			version:               "1.0.2-alpha+001",
+			expectedComponents:    []uint{1, 0, 2},
+			expectedPreRelease:    "alpha",
+			expectedBuildMetadata: "001",
+		},
+		{
+			version:            "1.2",
+			expectedComponents: []uint{1, 2},
+		},
+		{
+			version:               "1.0.2-beta+exp.sha.5114f85",
+			expectedComponents:    []uint{1, 0, 2},
+			expectedPreRelease:    "beta",
+			expectedBuildMetadata: "exp.sha.5114f85",
+		},
+		{
+			version:   "a.b.c",
+			expectErr: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		version, err := Parse(test.version)
+		if test.expectErr {
+			if err == nil {
+				t.Fatalf("got no err, expected err")
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		if !reflect.DeepEqual(test.expectedComponents, version.Components()) {
+			t.Error("parse returned un'expected components")
+		}
+		if test.expectedPreRelease != version.PreRelease() {
+			t.Errorf("parse returned version.PreRelease %s, expected %s", test.expectedPreRelease, version.PreRelease())
+		}
+		if test.expectedBuildMetadata != version.BuildMetadata() {
+			t.Errorf("parse returned version.BuildMetadata %s, expected %s", test.expectedBuildMetadata, version.BuildMetadata())
+		}
+	}
+}

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/cel/environment/base.go

@@ -30,20 +30,27 @@ import (
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version"
 	celconfig "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/apis/cel"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/cel/library"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 )
 
 // DefaultCompatibilityVersion returns a default compatibility version for use with EnvSet
 // that guarantees compatibility with CEL features/libraries/parameters understood by
-// an n-1 version
+// the api server min compatibility version
 //
-// This default will be set to no more than n-1 the current Kubernetes major.minor version.
+// This default will be set to no more than the current Kubernetes major.minor version.
 //
-// Note that a default version number less than n-1 indicates a wider range of version
-// compatibility than strictly required for rollback. A wide range of compatibility is
-// desirable because it means that CEL expressions are portable across a wider range
-// of Kubernetes versions.
+// Note that a default version number less than n-1 the current Kubernetes major.minor version
+// indicates a wider range of version compatibility than strictly required for rollback.
+// A wide range of compatibility is desirable because it means that CEL expressions are portable
+// across a wider range of Kubernetes versions.
+// A default version number equal to the current Kubernetes major.minor version
+// indicates fast forward CEL features that can be used when rollback is no longer needed.
 func DefaultCompatibilityVersion() *version.Version {
-	return version.MajorMinor(1, 30)
+	effectiveVer := utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.EffectiveVersionFor(utilversion.DefaultKubeComponent)
+	if effectiveVer == nil {
+		effectiveVer = utilversion.DefaultKubeEffectiveVersion()
+	}
+	return effectiveVer.MinCompatibilityVersion()
 }
 
 var baseOpts = append(baseOptsWithoutStrictCost, StrictCostOpt)

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/features/kube_features.go

@@ -322,6 +322,17 @@ const (
 
 func init() {
 	runtime.Must(utilfeature.DefaultMutableFeatureGate.Add(defaultKubernetesFeatureGates))
+	runtime.Must(utilfeature.DefaultMutableFeatureGate.AddVersioned(defaultVersionedKubernetesFeatureGates))
+}
+
+// defaultVersionedKubernetesFeatureGates consists of all known Kubernetes-specific feature keys with VersionedSpecs.
+// To add a new feature, define a key for it above and add it here. The features will be
+// available throughout Kubernetes binaries.
+var defaultVersionedKubernetesFeatureGates = map[featuregate.Feature]featuregate.VersionedSpecs{
+	// Example:
+	// EmulationVersion: {
+	// 	{Version: version.MustParse("1.30"), Default: false, PreRelease: featuregate.Alpha},
+	// },
 }
 
 // defaultKubernetesFeatureGates consists of all known Kubernetes-specific feature keys.

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/registry/generic/options.go

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package generic
 import (
 	"time"
 
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/storage"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/storage/storagebackend"
@@ -39,12 +40,15 @@ type RESTOptions struct {
 }
 
 // Implement RESTOptionsGetter so that RESTOptions can directly be used when available (i.e. tests)
-func (opts RESTOptions) GetRESTOptions(schema.GroupResource) (RESTOptions, error) {
+func (opts RESTOptions) GetRESTOptions(schema.GroupResource, runtime.Object) (RESTOptions, error) {
 	return opts, nil
 }
 
 type RESTOptionsGetter interface {
-	GetRESTOptions(resource schema.GroupResource) (RESTOptions, error)
+	// GetRESTOptions returns the RESTOptions for the given resource and example object.
+	// The example object is used to determine the storage version for the resource.
+	// If the example object is nil, the storage version will be determined by the resource's default storage version.
+	GetRESTOptions(resource schema.GroupResource, example runtime.Object) (RESTOptions, error)
 }
 
 // StoreOptions is set of configuration options used to complete generic registries.

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/registry/generic/registry/store.go

@@ -1518,7 +1518,7 @@ func (e *Store) CompleteWithOptions(options *generic.StoreOptions) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	opts, err := options.RESTOptions.GetRESTOptions(e.DefaultQualifiedResource)
+	opts, err := options.RESTOptions.GetRESTOptions(e.DefaultQualifiedResource, e.NewFunc())
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/config.go

@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ import (
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/serializer"
 	utilruntime "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/runtime"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/sets"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version"
 	utilwaitgroup "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/waitgroup"
-	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/version"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/admission"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/audit"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/authentication/authenticator"
@@ -70,8 +70,10 @@ import (
 	utilfeature "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature"
 	utilflowcontrol "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/flowcontrol"
 	flowcontrolrequest "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/flowcontrol/request"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/informers"
 	restclient "k8s.io/client-go/rest"
+	"k8s.io/component-base/featuregate"
 	"k8s.io/component-base/logs"
 	"k8s.io/component-base/metrics/features"
 	"k8s.io/component-base/metrics/prometheus/slis"
@@ -147,8 +149,11 @@ type Config struct {
 	// done values in this values for this map are ignored.
 	PostStartHooks map[string]PostStartHookConfigEntry
 
-	// Version will enable the /version endpoint if non-nil
-	Version *version.Info
+	// EffectiveVersion determines which apis and features are available
+	// based on when the api/feature lifecyle.
+	EffectiveVersion utilversion.EffectiveVersion
+	// FeatureGate is a way to plumb feature gate through if you have them.
+	FeatureGate featuregate.FeatureGate
 	// AuditBackend is where audit events are sent to.
 	AuditBackend audit.Backend
 	// AuditPolicyRuleEvaluator makes the decision of whether and how to audit log a request.
@@ -585,7 +590,7 @@ func (c *Config) AddPostStartHookOrDie(name string, hook PostStartHookFunc) {
 	}
 }
 
-func completeOpenAPI(config *openapicommon.Config, version *version.Info) {
+func completeOpenAPI(config *openapicommon.Config, version *version.Version) {
 	if config == nil {
 		return
 	}
@@ -624,7 +629,7 @@ func completeOpenAPI(config *openapicommon.Config, version *version.Info) {
 	}
 }
 
-func completeOpenAPIV3(config *openapicommon.OpenAPIV3Config, version *version.Info) {
+func completeOpenAPIV3(config *openapicommon.OpenAPIV3Config, version *version.Version) {
 	if config == nil {
 		return
 	}
@@ -676,6 +681,9 @@ func (c *Config) ShutdownInitiatedNotify() <-chan struct{} {
 // Complete fills in any fields not set that are required to have valid data and can be derived
 // from other fields. If you're going to `ApplyOptions`, do that first. It's mutating the receiver.
 func (c *Config) Complete(informers informers.SharedInformerFactory) CompletedConfig {
+	if c.FeatureGate == nil {
+		c.FeatureGate = utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate
+	}
 	if len(c.ExternalAddress) == 0 && c.PublicAddress != nil {
 		c.ExternalAddress = c.PublicAddress.String()
 	}
@@ -691,9 +699,8 @@ func (c *Config) Complete(informers informers.SharedInformerFactory) CompletedCo
 		}
 		c.ExternalAddress = net.JoinHostPort(c.ExternalAddress, strconv.Itoa(port))
 	}
-
-	completeOpenAPI(c.OpenAPIConfig, c.Version)
-	completeOpenAPIV3(c.OpenAPIV3Config, c.Version)
+	completeOpenAPI(c.OpenAPIConfig, c.EffectiveVersion.EmulationVersion())
+	completeOpenAPIV3(c.OpenAPIV3Config, c.EffectiveVersion.EmulationVersion())
 
 	if c.DiscoveryAddresses == nil {
 		c.DiscoveryAddresses = discovery.DefaultAddresses{DefaultAddress: c.ExternalAddress}
@@ -711,7 +718,7 @@ func (c *Config) Complete(informers informers.SharedInformerFactory) CompletedCo
 		} else {
 			c.EquivalentResourceRegistry = runtime.NewEquivalentResourceRegistryWithIdentity(func(groupResource schema.GroupResource) string {
 				// use the storage prefix as the key if possible
-				if opts, err := c.RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(groupResource); err == nil {
+				if opts, err := c.RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(groupResource, nil); err == nil {
 					return opts.ResourcePrefix
 				}
 				// otherwise return "" to use the default key (parent GV name)
@@ -819,12 +826,13 @@ func (c completedConfig) New(name string, delegationTarget DelegationTarget) (*G
 		APIServerID:           c.APIServerID,
 		StorageVersionManager: c.StorageVersionManager,
 
-		Version: c.Version,
+		EffectiveVersion: c.EffectiveVersion,
+		FeatureGate:      c.FeatureGate,
 
 		muxAndDiscoveryCompleteSignals: map[string]<-chan struct{}{},
 	}
 
-	if utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(genericfeatures.AggregatedDiscoveryEndpoint) {
+	if c.FeatureGate.Enabled(genericfeatures.AggregatedDiscoveryEndpoint) {
 		manager := c.AggregatedDiscoveryGroupManager
 		if manager == nil {
 			manager = discoveryendpoint.NewResourceManager("apis")
@@ -1039,14 +1047,14 @@ func DefaultBuildHandlerChain(apiHandler http.Handler, c *Config) http.Handler {
 		handler = genericfilters.WithRetryAfter(handler, c.lifecycleSignals.NotAcceptingNewRequest.Signaled())
 	}
 	handler = genericfilters.WithHTTPLogging(handler)
-	if utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(genericfeatures.APIServerTracing) {
+	if c.FeatureGate.Enabled(genericfeatures.APIServerTracing) {
 		handler = genericapifilters.WithTracing(handler, c.TracerProvider)
 	}
 	handler = genericapifilters.WithLatencyTrackers(handler)
 	// WithRoutine will execute future handlers in a separate goroutine and serving
 	// handler in current goroutine to minimize the stack memory usage. It must be
 	// after WithPanicRecover() to be protected from panics.
-	if utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(genericfeatures.APIServingWithRoutine) {
+	if c.FeatureGate.Enabled(genericfeatures.APIServingWithRoutine) {
 		handler = genericfilters.WithRoutine(handler, c.LongRunningFunc)
 	}
 	handler = genericapifilters.WithRequestInfo(handler, c.RequestInfoResolver)
@@ -1087,10 +1095,10 @@ func installAPI(s *GenericAPIServer, c *Config) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	routes.Version{Version: c.Version}.Install(s.Handler.GoRestfulContainer)
+	routes.Version{Version: c.EffectiveVersion.BinaryVersion().Info()}.Install(s.Handler.GoRestfulContainer)
 
 	if c.EnableDiscovery {
-		if utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(genericfeatures.AggregatedDiscoveryEndpoint) {
+		if c.FeatureGate.Enabled(genericfeatures.AggregatedDiscoveryEndpoint) {
 			wrapped := discoveryendpoint.WrapAggregatedDiscoveryToHandler(s.DiscoveryGroupManager, s.AggregatedDiscoveryGroupManager)
 			s.Handler.GoRestfulContainer.Add(wrapped.GenerateWebService("/apis", metav1.APIGroupList{}))
 		} else {

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/config_test.go

@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ import (
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/authentication/user"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/endpoints/request"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/healthz"
+	utilfeature "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/informers"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes/fake"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/rest"
@@ -90,6 +92,7 @@ func TestNewWithDelegate(t *testing.T) {
 	delegateConfig.PublicAddress = netutils.ParseIPSloppy("192.168.10.4")
 	delegateConfig.LegacyAPIGroupPrefixes = sets.NewString("/api")
 	delegateConfig.LoopbackClientConfig = &rest.Config{}
+	delegateConfig.EffectiveVersion = utilversion.NewEffectiveVersion("")
 	clientset := fake.NewSimpleClientset()
 	if clientset == nil {
 		t.Fatal("unable to create fake client set")
@@ -122,6 +125,7 @@ func TestNewWithDelegate(t *testing.T) {
 	wrappingConfig.PublicAddress = netutils.ParseIPSloppy("192.168.10.4")
 	wrappingConfig.LegacyAPIGroupPrefixes = sets.NewString("/api")
 	wrappingConfig.LoopbackClientConfig = &rest.Config{}
+	wrappingConfig.EffectiveVersion = utilversion.NewEffectiveVersion("")
 
 	wrappingConfig.HealthzChecks = append(wrappingConfig.HealthzChecks, healthz.NamedCheck("wrapping-health", func(r *http.Request) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("wrapping failed healthcheck")
@@ -305,6 +309,7 @@ func TestAuthenticationAuditAnnotationsDefaultChain(t *testing.T) {
 		LongRunningFunc:                func(_ *http.Request, _ *request.RequestInfo) bool { return false },
 		lifecycleSignals:               newLifecycleSignals(),
 		TracerProvider:                 tracing.NewNoopTracerProvider(),
+		FeatureGate:                    utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate,
 	}
 
 	h := DefaultBuildHandlerChain(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/deleted_kinds.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ limitations under the License.
 package server
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
@@ -25,16 +26,15 @@ import (
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
 	utilruntime "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/runtime"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/sets"
-	apimachineryversion "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/version"
+	apimachineryversion "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/registry/rest"
 	"k8s.io/klog/v2"
 )
 
 // resourceExpirationEvaluator holds info for deciding if a particular rest.Storage needs to excluded from the API
 type resourceExpirationEvaluator struct {
-	currentMajor int
-	currentMinor int
-	isAlpha      bool
+	currentVersion *apimachineryversion.Version
+	isAlpha        bool
 	// This is usually set for testing for which tests need to be removed.  This prevent insta-failing CI.
 	// Set KUBE_APISERVER_STRICT_REMOVED_API_HANDLING_IN_ALPHA to see what will be removed when we tag beta
 	strictRemovedHandlingInAlpha bool
@@ -53,30 +53,17 @@ type ResourceExpirationEvaluator interface {
 	ShouldServeForVersion(majorRemoved, minorRemoved int) bool
 }
 
-func NewResourceExpirationEvaluator(currentVersion apimachineryversion.Info) (ResourceExpirationEvaluator, error) {
+func NewResourceExpirationEvaluator(currentVersion *apimachineryversion.Version) (ResourceExpirationEvaluator, error) {
+	if currentVersion == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("empty NewResourceExpirationEvaluator currentVersion")
+	}
+	klog.V(1).Infof("NewResourceExpirationEvaluator with currentVersion: %s.", currentVersion)
 	ret := &resourceExpirationEvaluator{
 		strictRemovedHandlingInAlpha: false,
 	}
-	if len(currentVersion.Major) > 0 {
-		currentMajor64, err := strconv.ParseInt(currentVersion.Major, 10, 32)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		ret.currentMajor = int(currentMajor64)
-	}
-	if len(currentVersion.Minor) > 0 {
-		// split the "normal" + and - for semver stuff
-		minorString := strings.Split(currentVersion.Minor, "+")[0]
-		minorString = strings.Split(minorString, "-")[0]
-		minorString = strings.Split(minorString, ".")[0]
-		currentMinor64, err := strconv.ParseInt(minorString, 10, 32)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		ret.currentMinor = int(currentMinor64)
-	}
-
-	ret.isAlpha = strings.Contains(currentVersion.GitVersion, "alpha")
+	// Only keeps the major and minor versions from input version.
+	ret.currentVersion = apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(currentVersion.Major(), currentVersion.Minor())
+	ret.isAlpha = strings.Contains(currentVersion.PreRelease(), "alpha")
 
 	if envString, ok := os.LookupEnv("KUBE_APISERVER_STRICT_REMOVED_API_HANDLING_IN_ALPHA"); !ok {
 		// do nothing
@@ -112,6 +99,16 @@ func (e *resourceExpirationEvaluator) shouldServe(gv schema.GroupVersion, versio
 		return false
 	}
 
+	introduced, ok := versionedPtr.(introducedInterface)
+	// skip the introduced check for test when currentVersion is 0.0 to test all apis
+	if ok && (e.currentVersion.Major() > 0 || e.currentVersion.Minor() > 0) {
+		majorIntroduced, minorIntroduced := introduced.APILifecycleIntroduced()
+		verIntroduced := apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(uint(majorIntroduced), uint(minorIntroduced))
+		if e.currentVersion.LessThan(verIntroduced) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+
 	removed, ok := versionedPtr.(removedInterface)
 	if !ok {
 		return true
@@ -121,16 +118,11 @@ func (e *resourceExpirationEvaluator) shouldServe(gv schema.GroupVersion, versio
 }
 
 func (e *resourceExpirationEvaluator) ShouldServeForVersion(majorRemoved, minorRemoved int) bool {
-	if e.currentMajor < majorRemoved {
+	removedVer := apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(uint(majorRemoved), uint(minorRemoved))
+	if removedVer.GreaterThan(e.currentVersion) {
 		return true
 	}
-	if e.currentMajor > majorRemoved {
-		return false
-	}
-	if e.currentMinor < minorRemoved {
-		return true
-	}
-	if e.currentMinor > minorRemoved {
+	if removedVer.LessThan(e.currentVersion) {
 		return false
 	}
 	// at this point major and minor are equal, so this API should be removed when the current release GAs.
@@ -152,6 +144,11 @@ type removedInterface interface {
 	APILifecycleRemoved() (major, minor int)
 }
 
+// Object interface generated from "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:introduced" tags in types.go.
+type introducedInterface interface {
+	APILifecycleIntroduced() (major, minor int)
+}
+
 // removeDeletedKinds inspects the storage map and modifies it in place by removing storage for kinds that have been deleted.
 // versionedResourcesStorageMap mirrors the field on APIGroupInfo, it's a map from version to resource to the storage.
 func (e *resourceExpirationEvaluator) RemoveDeletedKinds(groupName string, versioner runtime.ObjectVersioner, versionedResourcesStorageMap map[string]map[string]rest.Storage) {
@@ -171,6 +168,8 @@ func (e *resourceExpirationEvaluator) RemoveDeletedKinds(groupName string, versi
 			}
 
 			klog.V(1).Infof("Removing resource %v.%v.%v because it is time to stop serving it per APILifecycle.", resourceName, apiVersion, groupName)
+			storage := versionToResource[resourceName]
+			storage.Destroy()
 			delete(versionToResource, resourceName)
 		}
 		versionedResourcesStorageMap[apiVersion] = versionToResource

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/deleted_kinds_test.go

@@ -25,57 +25,41 @@ import (
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/dump"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/sets"
-	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/version"
+	apimachineryversion "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/registry/rest"
 )
 
 func Test_newResourceExpirationEvaluator(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
 		name           string
-		currentVersion version.Info
+		currentVersion string
 		expected       resourceExpirationEvaluator
 		expectedErr    string
 	}{
 		{
-			name: "beta",
-			currentVersion: version.Info{
-				Major:      "1",
-				Minor:      "20+",
-				GitVersion: "v1.20.0-beta.0.62+a5d22854a2ac21",
-			},
-			expected: resourceExpirationEvaluator{currentMajor: 1, currentMinor: 20},
+			name:           "beta",
+			currentVersion: "v1.20.0-beta.0.62+a5d22854a2ac21",
+			expected:       resourceExpirationEvaluator{currentVersion: apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(1, 20)},
 		},
 		{
-			name: "alpha",
-			currentVersion: version.Info{
-				Major:      "1",
-				Minor:      "20+",
-				GitVersion: "v1.20.0-alpha.0.62+a5d22854a2ac21",
-			},
-			expected: resourceExpirationEvaluator{currentMajor: 1, currentMinor: 20, isAlpha: true},
+			name:           "alpha",
+			currentVersion: "v1.20.0-alpha.0.62+a5d22854a2ac21",
+			expected:       resourceExpirationEvaluator{currentVersion: apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(1, 20), isAlpha: true},
 		},
 		{
-			name: "maintenance",
-			currentVersion: version.Info{
-				Major:      "1",
-				Minor:      "20+",
-				GitVersion: "v1.20.1",
-			},
-			expected: resourceExpirationEvaluator{currentMajor: 1, currentMinor: 20},
+			name:           "maintenance",
+			currentVersion: "v1.20.1",
+			expected:       resourceExpirationEvaluator{currentVersion: apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(1, 20)},
 		},
 		{
-			name: "bad",
-			currentVersion: version.Info{
-				Major:      "1",
-				Minor:      "20something+",
-				GitVersion: "v1.20.1",
-			},
-			expectedErr: `strconv.ParseInt: parsing "20something": invalid syntax`,
+			name:           "no v prefix",
+			currentVersion: "1.20.1",
+			expected:       resourceExpirationEvaluator{currentVersion: apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(1, 20)},
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			actual, actualErr := NewResourceExpirationEvaluator(tt.currentVersion)
+			actual, actualErr := NewResourceExpirationEvaluator(apimachineryversion.MustParse(tt.currentVersion))
 
 			checkErr(t, actualErr, tt.expectedErr)
 			if actualErr != nil {
@@ -90,12 +74,12 @@ func Test_newResourceExpirationEvaluator(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func storageRemovedIn(major, minor int) removedInStorage {
-	return removedInStorage{major: major, minor: minor}
+func storageRemovedIn(major, minor int) *removedInStorage {
+	return &removedInStorage{major: major, minor: minor}
 }
 
-func storageNeverRemoved() removedInStorage {
-	return removedInStorage{neverRemoved: true}
+func storageNeverRemoved() *removedInStorage {
+	return &removedInStorage{neverRemoved: true}
 }
 
 type removedInStorage struct {
@@ -103,23 +87,23 @@ type removedInStorage struct {
 	neverRemoved bool
 }
 
-func (r removedInStorage) New() runtime.Object {
+func (r *removedInStorage) New() runtime.Object {
 	if r.neverRemoved {
-		return neverRemovedObj{}
+		return &defaultObj{}
 	}
-	return removedInObj{major: r.major, minor: r.minor}
+	return &removedInObj{major: r.major, minor: r.minor}
 }
 
-func (r removedInStorage) Destroy() {
+func (r *removedInStorage) Destroy() {
 }
 
-type neverRemovedObj struct {
+type defaultObj struct {
 }
 
-func (r neverRemovedObj) GetObjectKind() schema.ObjectKind {
+func (r *defaultObj) GetObjectKind() schema.ObjectKind {
 	panic("don't do this")
 }
-func (r neverRemovedObj) DeepCopyObject() runtime.Object {
+func (r *defaultObj) DeepCopyObject() runtime.Object {
 	panic("don't do this either")
 }
 
@@ -127,13 +111,45 @@ type removedInObj struct {
 	major, minor int
 }
 
-func (r removedInObj) GetObjectKind() schema.ObjectKind {
+func (r *removedInObj) GetObjectKind() schema.ObjectKind {
 	panic("don't do this")
 }
-func (r removedInObj) DeepCopyObject() runtime.Object {
+func (r *removedInObj) DeepCopyObject() runtime.Object {
 	panic("don't do this either")
 }
-func (r removedInObj) APILifecycleRemoved() (major, minor int) {
+func (r *removedInObj) APILifecycleRemoved() (major, minor int) {
+	return r.major, r.minor
+}
+
+func storageIntroducedIn(major, minor int) *introducedInStorage {
+	return &introducedInStorage{major: major, minor: minor}
+}
+
+type introducedInStorage struct {
+	major, minor int
+}
+
+func (r *introducedInStorage) New() runtime.Object {
+	if r.major == 0 && r.minor == 0 {
+		return &defaultObj{}
+	}
+	return &IntroducedInObj{major: r.major, minor: r.minor}
+}
+
+func (r *introducedInStorage) Destroy() {
+}
+
+type IntroducedInObj struct {
+	major, minor int
+}
+
+func (r *IntroducedInObj) GetObjectKind() schema.ObjectKind {
+	panic("don't do this")
+}
+func (r *IntroducedInObj) DeepCopyObject() runtime.Object {
+	panic("don't do this either")
+}
+func (r *IntroducedInObj) APILifecycleIntroduced() (major, minor int) {
 	return r.major, r.minor
 }
 
@@ -147,8 +163,7 @@ func Test_resourceExpirationEvaluator_shouldServe(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "removed-in-curr",
 			resourceExpirationEvaluator: resourceExpirationEvaluator{
-				currentMajor: 1,
-				currentMinor: 20,
+				currentVersion: apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(1, 20),
 			},
 			restStorage: storageRemovedIn(1, 20),
 			expected:    false,
@@ -156,8 +171,7 @@ func Test_resourceExpirationEvaluator_shouldServe(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "removed-in-curr-but-deferred",
 			resourceExpirationEvaluator: resourceExpirationEvaluator{
-				currentMajor:                   1,
-				currentMinor:                   20,
+				currentVersion:                 apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(1, 20),
 				serveRemovedAPIsOneMoreRelease: true,
 			},
 			restStorage: storageRemovedIn(1, 20),
@@ -166,9 +180,8 @@ func Test_resourceExpirationEvaluator_shouldServe(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "removed-in-curr-but-alpha",
 			resourceExpirationEvaluator: resourceExpirationEvaluator{
-				currentMajor: 1,
-				currentMinor: 20,
-				isAlpha:      true,
+				currentVersion: apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(1, 20),
+				isAlpha:        true,
 			},
 			restStorage: storageRemovedIn(1, 20),
 			expected:    true,
@@ -176,8 +189,7 @@ func Test_resourceExpirationEvaluator_shouldServe(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "removed-in-curr-but-alpha-but-strict",
 			resourceExpirationEvaluator: resourceExpirationEvaluator{
-				currentMajor:                 1,
-				currentMinor:                 20,
+				currentVersion:               apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(1, 20),
 				isAlpha:                      true,
 				strictRemovedHandlingInAlpha: true,
 			},
@@ -187,8 +199,7 @@ func Test_resourceExpirationEvaluator_shouldServe(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "removed-in-prev-deferral-does-not-help",
 			resourceExpirationEvaluator: resourceExpirationEvaluator{
-				currentMajor:                   1,
-				currentMinor:                   21,
+				currentVersion:                 apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(1, 21),
 				serveRemovedAPIsOneMoreRelease: true,
 			},
 			restStorage: storageRemovedIn(1, 20),
@@ -197,8 +208,7 @@ func Test_resourceExpirationEvaluator_shouldServe(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "removed-in-prev-major",
 			resourceExpirationEvaluator: resourceExpirationEvaluator{
-				currentMajor:                   2,
-				currentMinor:                   20,
+				currentVersion:                 apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(2, 20),
 				serveRemovedAPIsOneMoreRelease: true,
 			},
 			restStorage: storageRemovedIn(1, 20),
@@ -207,8 +217,7 @@ func Test_resourceExpirationEvaluator_shouldServe(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "removed-in-future",
 			resourceExpirationEvaluator: resourceExpirationEvaluator{
-				currentMajor: 1,
-				currentMinor: 20,
+				currentVersion: apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(1, 20),
 			},
 			restStorage: storageRemovedIn(1, 21),
 			expected:    true,
@@ -216,12 +225,43 @@ func Test_resourceExpirationEvaluator_shouldServe(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "never-removed",
 			resourceExpirationEvaluator: resourceExpirationEvaluator{
-				currentMajor: 1,
-				currentMinor: 20,
+				currentVersion: apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(1, 20),
 			},
 			restStorage: storageNeverRemoved(),
 			expected:    true,
 		},
+		{
+			name: "introduced-in-curr",
+			resourceExpirationEvaluator: resourceExpirationEvaluator{
+				currentVersion: apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(1, 20),
+			},
+			restStorage: storageIntroducedIn(1, 20),
+			expected:    true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "introduced-in-prev-major",
+			resourceExpirationEvaluator: resourceExpirationEvaluator{
+				currentVersion: apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(1, 20),
+			},
+			restStorage: storageIntroducedIn(1, 19),
+			expected:    true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "introduced-in-future",
+			resourceExpirationEvaluator: resourceExpirationEvaluator{
+				currentVersion: apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(1, 20),
+			},
+			restStorage: storageIntroducedIn(1, 21),
+			expected:    false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "missing-introduced",
+			resourceExpirationEvaluator: resourceExpirationEvaluator{
+				currentVersion: apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(1, 20),
+			},
+			restStorage: storageIntroducedIn(0, 0),
+			expected:    true,
+		},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -269,8 +309,7 @@ func Test_removeDeletedKinds(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "remove-one-of-two",
 			resourceExpirationEvaluator: resourceExpirationEvaluator{
-				currentMajor: 1,
-				currentMinor: 20,
+				currentVersion: apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(1, 20),
 			},
 			versionedResourcesStorageMap: map[string]map[string]rest.Storage{
 				"v1": {
@@ -287,8 +326,7 @@ func Test_removeDeletedKinds(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "remove-nested-not-expired",
 			resourceExpirationEvaluator: resourceExpirationEvaluator{
-				currentMajor: 1,
-				currentMinor: 20,
+				currentVersion: apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(1, 20),
 			},
 			versionedResourcesStorageMap: map[string]map[string]rest.Storage{
 				"v1": {
@@ -306,8 +344,7 @@ func Test_removeDeletedKinds(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "remove-all-of-version",
 			resourceExpirationEvaluator: resourceExpirationEvaluator{
-				currentMajor: 1,
-				currentMinor: 20,
+				currentVersion: apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(1, 20),
 			},
 			versionedResourcesStorageMap: map[string]map[string]rest.Storage{
 				"v1": {

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/genericapiserver.go

@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ import (
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/sets"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/wait"
 	utilwaitgroup "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/waitgroup"
-	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/version"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/admission"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/audit"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/authorization/authorizer"
@@ -52,8 +51,9 @@ import (
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/healthz"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/routes"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/storageversion"
-	utilfeature "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 	restclient "k8s.io/client-go/rest"
+	"k8s.io/component-base/featuregate"
 	"k8s.io/klog/v2"
 	openapibuilder3 "k8s.io/kube-openapi/pkg/builder3"
 	openapicommon "k8s.io/kube-openapi/pkg/common"
@@ -236,8 +236,11 @@ type GenericAPIServer struct {
 	// StorageVersionManager holds the storage versions of the API resources installed by this server.
 	StorageVersionManager storageversion.Manager
 
-	// Version will enable the /version endpoint if non-nil
-	Version *version.Info
+	// EffectiveVersion determines which apis and features are available
+	// based on when the api/feature lifecyle.
+	EffectiveVersion utilversion.EffectiveVersion
+	// FeatureGate is a way to plumb feature gate through if you have them.
+	FeatureGate featuregate.FeatureGate
 
 	// lifecycleSignals provides access to the various signals that happen during the life cycle of the apiserver.
 	lifecycleSignals lifecycleSignals
@@ -776,7 +779,7 @@ func (s *GenericAPIServer) installAPIResources(apiPrefix string, apiGroupInfo *A
 		}
 		resourceInfos = append(resourceInfos, r...)
 
-		if utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(features.AggregatedDiscoveryEndpoint) {
+		if s.FeatureGate.Enabled(features.AggregatedDiscoveryEndpoint) {
 			// Aggregated discovery only aggregates resources under /apis
 			if apiPrefix == APIGroupPrefix {
 				s.AggregatedDiscoveryGroupManager.AddGroupVersion(
@@ -804,8 +807,8 @@ func (s *GenericAPIServer) installAPIResources(apiPrefix string, apiGroupInfo *A
 
 	s.RegisterDestroyFunc(apiGroupInfo.destroyStorage)
 
-	if utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(features.StorageVersionAPI) &&
-		utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(features.APIServerIdentity) {
+	if s.FeatureGate.Enabled(features.StorageVersionAPI) &&
+		s.FeatureGate.Enabled(features.APIServerIdentity) {
 		// API installation happens before we start listening on the handlers,
 		// therefore it is safe to register ResourceInfos here. The handler will block
 		// write requests until the storage versions of the targeting resources are updated.
@@ -835,7 +838,7 @@ func (s *GenericAPIServer) InstallLegacyAPIGroup(apiPrefix string, apiGroupInfo
 	// Install the version handler.
 	// Add a handler at /<apiPrefix> to enumerate the supported api versions.
 	legacyRootAPIHandler := discovery.NewLegacyRootAPIHandler(s.discoveryAddresses, s.Serializer, apiPrefix)
-	if utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(features.AggregatedDiscoveryEndpoint) {
+	if s.FeatureGate.Enabled(features.AggregatedDiscoveryEndpoint) {
 		wrapped := discoveryendpoint.WrapAggregatedDiscoveryToHandler(legacyRootAPIHandler, s.AggregatedLegacyDiscoveryGroupManager)
 		s.Handler.GoRestfulContainer.Add(wrapped.GenerateWebService("/api", metav1.APIVersions{}))
 	} else {

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/genericapiserver_test.go

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ import (
 	openapinamer "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/endpoints/openapi"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/registry/rest"
 	genericfilters "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/filters"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/warning"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/informers"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes/fake"
@@ -137,7 +138,7 @@ func setUp(t *testing.T) (Config, *assert.Assertions) {
 	if clientset == nil {
 		t.Fatal("unable to create fake client set")
 	}
-
+	config.EffectiveVersion = utilversion.NewEffectiveVersion("")
 	config.OpenAPIConfig = DefaultOpenAPIConfig(testGetOpenAPIDefinitions, openapinamer.NewDefinitionNamer(runtime.NewScheme()))
 	config.OpenAPIConfig.Info.Version = "unversioned"
 	config.OpenAPIV3Config = DefaultOpenAPIV3Config(testGetOpenAPIDefinitions, openapinamer.NewDefinitionNamer(runtime.NewScheme()))
@@ -459,7 +460,9 @@ func TestNotRestRoutesHaveAuth(t *testing.T) {
 	config.EnableProfiling = true
 
 	kubeVersion := fakeVersion()
-	config.Version = &kubeVersion
+	effectiveVersion := utilversion.NewEffectiveVersion(kubeVersion.String())
+	effectiveVersion.Set(effectiveVersion.BinaryVersion().WithInfo(kubeVersion), effectiveVersion.EmulationVersion(), effectiveVersion.MinCompatibilityVersion())
+	config.EffectiveVersion = effectiveVersion
 
 	s, err := config.Complete(nil).New("test", NewEmptyDelegate())
 	if err != nil {
@@ -586,7 +589,7 @@ func fakeVersion() version.Info {
 	return version.Info{
 		Major:        "42",
 		Minor:        "42",
-		GitVersion:   "42",
+		GitVersion:   "42.42",
 		GitCommit:    "34973274ccef6ab4dfaaf86599792fa9c3fe4689",
 		GitTreeState: "Dirty",
 		BuildDate:    time.Now().String(),

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/options/api_enablement_test.go

@@ -32,46 +32,41 @@ func (f fakeGroupRegistry) IsGroupRegistered(group string) bool {
 
 func TestAPIEnablementOptionsValidate(t *testing.T) {
 	testCases := []struct {
-		name        string
-		testOptions *APIEnablementOptions
-		expectErr   string
+		name          string
+		runtimeConfig cliflag.ConfigurationMap
+		expectErr     string
 	}{
 		{
 			name: "test when options is nil",
 		},
 		{
-			name: "test when invalid key with only api/all=false",
-			testOptions: &APIEnablementOptions{
-				RuntimeConfig: cliflag.ConfigurationMap{"api/all": "false"},
-			},
-			expectErr: "invalid key with only api/all=false",
+			name:          "test when invalid key with only api/all=false",
+			runtimeConfig: cliflag.ConfigurationMap{"api/all": "false"},
+			expectErr:     "invalid key with only api/all=false",
 		},
 		{
-			name: "test when ConfigurationMap key is invalid",
-			testOptions: &APIEnablementOptions{
-				RuntimeConfig: cliflag.ConfigurationMap{"apiall": "false"},
-			},
-			expectErr: "runtime-config invalid key",
+			name:          "test when ConfigurationMap key is invalid",
+			runtimeConfig: cliflag.ConfigurationMap{"apiall": "false"},
+			expectErr:     "runtime-config invalid key",
 		},
 		{
-			name: "test when unknown api groups",
-			testOptions: &APIEnablementOptions{
-				RuntimeConfig: cliflag.ConfigurationMap{"api/v1": "true"},
-			},
-			expectErr: "unknown api groups",
+			name:          "test when unknown api groups",
+			runtimeConfig: cliflag.ConfigurationMap{"api/v1": "true"},
+			expectErr:     "unknown api groups",
 		},
 		{
-			name: "test when valid api groups",
-			testOptions: &APIEnablementOptions{
-				RuntimeConfig: cliflag.ConfigurationMap{"apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1": "true"},
-			},
+			name:          "test when valid api groups",
+			runtimeConfig: cliflag.ConfigurationMap{"apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1": "true"},
 		},
 	}
 	testGroupRegistry := fakeGroupRegistry{}
 
 	for _, testcase := range testCases {
 		t.Run(testcase.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			errs := testcase.testOptions.Validate(testGroupRegistry)
+			testOptions := &APIEnablementOptions{
+				RuntimeConfig: testcase.runtimeConfig,
+			}
+			errs := testOptions.Validate(testGroupRegistry)
 			if len(testcase.expectErr) != 0 && !strings.Contains(utilerrors.NewAggregate(errs).Error(), testcase.expectErr) {
 				t.Errorf("got err: %v, expected err: %s", errs, testcase.expectErr)
 			}

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/options/etcd.go

@@ -383,8 +383,8 @@ type StorageFactoryRestOptionsFactory struct {
 	StorageFactory serverstorage.StorageFactory
 }
 
-func (f *StorageFactoryRestOptionsFactory) GetRESTOptions(resource schema.GroupResource) (generic.RESTOptions, error) {
-	storageConfig, err := f.StorageFactory.NewConfig(resource)
+func (f *StorageFactoryRestOptionsFactory) GetRESTOptions(resource schema.GroupResource, example runtime.Object) (generic.RESTOptions, error) {
+	storageConfig, err := f.StorageFactory.NewConfig(resource, example)
 	if err != nil {
 		return generic.RESTOptions{}, fmt.Errorf("unable to find storage destination for %v, due to %v", resource, err.Error())
 	}
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ type SimpleStorageFactory struct {
 	StorageConfig storagebackend.Config
 }
 
-func (s *SimpleStorageFactory) NewConfig(resource schema.GroupResource) (*storagebackend.ConfigForResource, error) {
+func (s *SimpleStorageFactory) NewConfig(resource schema.GroupResource, example runtime.Object) (*storagebackend.ConfigForResource, error) {
 	return s.StorageConfig.ForResource(resource), nil
 }
 
@@ -493,8 +493,8 @@ type transformerStorageFactory struct {
 	resourceTransformers storagevalue.ResourceTransformers
 }
 
-func (t *transformerStorageFactory) NewConfig(resource schema.GroupResource) (*storagebackend.ConfigForResource, error) {
-	config, err := t.delegate.NewConfig(resource)
+func (t *transformerStorageFactory) NewConfig(resource schema.GroupResource, example runtime.Object) (*storagebackend.ConfigForResource, error) {
+	config, err := t.delegate.NewConfig(resource, example)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/options/etcd_test.go

@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ func TestRestOptionsStorageObjectCountTracker(t *testing.T) {
 	if err := etcdOptions.ApplyTo(serverConfig); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to apply etcd options error: %v", err)
 	}
-	restOptions, err := serverConfig.RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(schema.GroupResource{Group: "", Resource: ""})
+	restOptions, err := serverConfig.RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(schema.GroupResource{Group: "", Resource: ""}, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/options/server_run_options.go

@@ -25,8 +25,10 @@ import (
 
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/serializer"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/errors"
+	utilruntime "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/runtime"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server"
 	utilfeature "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 
 	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
 )
@@ -89,9 +91,24 @@ type ServerRunOptions struct {
 	// This grace period is orthogonal to other grace periods, and
 	// it is not overridden by any other grace period.
 	ShutdownWatchTerminationGracePeriod time.Duration
+
+	// ComponentGlobalsRegistry is the registry where the effective versions and feature gates for all components are stored.
+	ComponentGlobalsRegistry utilversion.ComponentGlobalsRegistry
+	// ComponentName is name under which the server's global variabled are registered in the ComponentGlobalsRegistry.
+	ComponentName string
 }
 
 func NewServerRunOptions() *ServerRunOptions {
+	if utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.EffectiveVersionFor(utilversion.DefaultKubeComponent) == nil {
+		featureGate := utilfeature.DefaultMutableFeatureGate
+		effectiveVersion := utilversion.DefaultKubeEffectiveVersion()
+		utilruntime.Must(utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.Register(utilversion.DefaultKubeComponent, effectiveVersion, featureGate))
+	}
+
+	return NewServerRunOptionsForComponent(utilversion.DefaultKubeComponent, utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry)
+}
+
+func NewServerRunOptionsForComponent(componentName string, componentGlobalsRegistry utilversion.ComponentGlobalsRegistry) *ServerRunOptions {
 	defaults := server.NewConfig(serializer.CodecFactory{})
 	return &ServerRunOptions{
 		MaxRequestsInFlight:                 defaults.MaxRequestsInFlight,
@@ -104,11 +121,16 @@ func NewServerRunOptions() *ServerRunOptions {
 		JSONPatchMaxCopyBytes:               defaults.JSONPatchMaxCopyBytes,
 		MaxRequestBodyBytes:                 defaults.MaxRequestBodyBytes,
 		ShutdownSendRetryAfter:              false,
+		ComponentName:                       componentName,
+		ComponentGlobalsRegistry:            componentGlobalsRegistry,
 	}
 }
 
 // ApplyTo applies the run options to the method receiver and returns self
 func (s *ServerRunOptions) ApplyTo(c *server.Config) error {
+	if err := s.ComponentGlobalsRegistry.SetFallback(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 	c.CorsAllowedOriginList = s.CorsAllowedOriginList
 	c.HSTSDirectives = s.HSTSDirectives
 	c.ExternalAddress = s.ExternalHost
@@ -124,6 +146,8 @@ func (s *ServerRunOptions) ApplyTo(c *server.Config) error {
 	c.PublicAddress = s.AdvertiseAddress
 	c.ShutdownSendRetryAfter = s.ShutdownSendRetryAfter
 	c.ShutdownWatchTerminationGracePeriod = s.ShutdownWatchTerminationGracePeriod
+	c.EffectiveVersion = s.ComponentGlobalsRegistry.EffectiveVersionFor(s.ComponentName)
+	c.FeatureGate = s.ComponentGlobalsRegistry.FeatureGateFor(s.ComponentName)
 
 	return nil
 }
@@ -196,6 +220,9 @@ func (s *ServerRunOptions) Validate() []error {
 	if err := validateCorsAllowedOriginList(s.CorsAllowedOriginList); err != nil {
 		errors = append(errors, err)
 	}
+	if errs := s.ComponentGlobalsRegistry.Validate(); len(errs) != 0 {
+		errors = append(errors, errs...)
+	}
 	return errors
 }
 
@@ -337,5 +364,10 @@ func (s *ServerRunOptions) AddUniversalFlags(fs *pflag.FlagSet) {
 		"This option, if set, represents the maximum amount of grace period the apiserver will wait "+
 		"for active watch request(s) to drain during the graceful server shutdown window.")
 
-	utilfeature.DefaultMutableFeatureGate.AddFlag(fs)
+	s.ComponentGlobalsRegistry.AddFlags(fs)
+}
+
+// Complete fills missing fields with defaults.
+func (s *ServerRunOptions) Complete() error {
+	return s.ComponentGlobalsRegistry.SetFallback()
 }

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/options/server_run_options_test.go

@@ -23,10 +23,21 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	utilerrors "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/errors"
+	utilruntime "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/runtime"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version"
+	utilfeature "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 	netutils "k8s.io/utils/net"
 )
 
 func TestServerRunOptionsValidate(t *testing.T) {
+	testRegistry := utilversion.NewComponentGlobalsRegistry()
+	featureGate := utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.DeepCopy()
+	effectiveVersion := utilversion.NewEffectiveVersion("1.30")
+	effectiveVersion.SetEmulationVersion(version.MajorMinor(1, 32))
+	testComponent := "test"
+	utilruntime.Must(testRegistry.Register(testComponent, effectiveVersion, featureGate))
+
 	testCases := []struct {
 		name        string
 		testOptions *ServerRunOptions
@@ -43,6 +54,7 @@ func TestServerRunOptionsValidate(t *testing.T) {
 				MinRequestTimeout:           1800,
 				JSONPatchMaxCopyBytes:       10 * 1024 * 1024,
 				MaxRequestBodyBytes:         10 * 1024 * 1024,
+				ComponentGlobalsRegistry:    utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry,
 			},
 			expectErr: "--max-requests-inflight can not be negative value",
 		},
@@ -57,6 +69,7 @@ func TestServerRunOptionsValidate(t *testing.T) {
 				MinRequestTimeout:           1800,
 				JSONPatchMaxCopyBytes:       10 * 1024 * 1024,
 				MaxRequestBodyBytes:         10 * 1024 * 1024,
+				ComponentGlobalsRegistry:    utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry,
 			},
 			expectErr: "--max-mutating-requests-inflight can not be negative value",
 		},
@@ -71,6 +84,7 @@ func TestServerRunOptionsValidate(t *testing.T) {
 				MinRequestTimeout:           1800,
 				JSONPatchMaxCopyBytes:       10 * 1024 * 1024,
 				MaxRequestBodyBytes:         10 * 1024 * 1024,
+				ComponentGlobalsRegistry:    utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry,
 			},
 			expectErr: "--request-timeout can not be negative value",
 		},
@@ -85,6 +99,7 @@ func TestServerRunOptionsValidate(t *testing.T) {
 				MinRequestTimeout:           -1800,
 				JSONPatchMaxCopyBytes:       10 * 1024 * 1024,
 				MaxRequestBodyBytes:         10 * 1024 * 1024,
+				ComponentGlobalsRegistry:    utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry,
 			},
 			expectErr: "--min-request-timeout can not be negative value",
 		},
@@ -99,6 +114,7 @@ func TestServerRunOptionsValidate(t *testing.T) {
 				MinRequestTimeout:           1800,
 				JSONPatchMaxCopyBytes:       -10 * 1024 * 1024,
 				MaxRequestBodyBytes:         10 * 1024 * 1024,
+				ComponentGlobalsRegistry:    utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry,
 			},
 			expectErr: "ServerRunOptions.JSONPatchMaxCopyBytes can not be negative value",
 		},
@@ -113,6 +129,7 @@ func TestServerRunOptionsValidate(t *testing.T) {
 				MinRequestTimeout:           1800,
 				JSONPatchMaxCopyBytes:       10 * 1024 * 1024,
 				MaxRequestBodyBytes:         -10 * 1024 * 1024,
+				ComponentGlobalsRegistry:    utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry,
 			},
 			expectErr: "ServerRunOptions.MaxRequestBodyBytes can not be negative value",
 		},
@@ -128,6 +145,7 @@ func TestServerRunOptionsValidate(t *testing.T) {
 				JSONPatchMaxCopyBytes:       10 * 1024 * 1024,
 				MaxRequestBodyBytes:         10 * 1024 * 1024,
 				LivezGracePeriod:            -time.Second,
+				ComponentGlobalsRegistry:    utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry,
 			},
 			expectErr: "--livez-grace-period can not be a negative value",
 		},
@@ -143,6 +161,7 @@ func TestServerRunOptionsValidate(t *testing.T) {
 				JSONPatchMaxCopyBytes:       10 * 1024 * 1024,
 				MaxRequestBodyBytes:         10 * 1024 * 1024,
 				ShutdownDelayDuration:       -time.Second,
+				ComponentGlobalsRegistry:    utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry,
 			},
 			expectErr: "--shutdown-delay-duration can not be negative value",
 		},
@@ -158,9 +177,27 @@ func TestServerRunOptionsValidate(t *testing.T) {
 				MinRequestTimeout:           1800,
 				JSONPatchMaxCopyBytes:       10 * 1024 * 1024,
 				MaxRequestBodyBytes:         10 * 1024 * 1024,
+				ComponentGlobalsRegistry:    utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry,
 			},
 			expectErr: "--strict-transport-security-directives invalid, allowed values: max-age=expireTime, includeSubDomains, preload. see https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6797#section-6.1 for more information",
 		},
+		{
+			name: "Test when emulation version is invalid",
+			testOptions: &ServerRunOptions{
+				AdvertiseAddress:            netutils.ParseIPSloppy("192.168.10.10"),
+				CorsAllowedOriginList:       []string{"^10.10.10.100$", "^10.10.10.200$"},
+				HSTSDirectives:              []string{"max-age=31536000", "includeSubDomains", "preload"},
+				MaxRequestsInFlight:         400,
+				MaxMutatingRequestsInFlight: 200,
+				RequestTimeout:              time.Duration(2) * time.Minute,
+				MinRequestTimeout:           1800,
+				JSONPatchMaxCopyBytes:       10 * 1024 * 1024,
+				MaxRequestBodyBytes:         10 * 1024 * 1024,
+				ComponentName:               testComponent,
+				ComponentGlobalsRegistry:    testRegistry,
+			},
+			expectErr: "emulation version 1.32 is not between [1.29, 1.30.0]",
+		},
 		{
 			name: "Test when ServerRunOptions is valid",
 			testOptions: &ServerRunOptions{
@@ -173,6 +210,7 @@ func TestServerRunOptionsValidate(t *testing.T) {
 				MinRequestTimeout:           1800,
 				JSONPatchMaxCopyBytes:       10 * 1024 * 1024,
 				MaxRequestBodyBytes:         10 * 1024 * 1024,
+				ComponentGlobalsRegistry:    utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry,
 			},
 		},
 	}

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/options/serving_test.go

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ import (
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/serializer"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/version"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/discovery"
 	restclient "k8s.io/client-go/rest"
 	cliflag "k8s.io/component-base/cli/flag"
@@ -276,9 +277,8 @@ func TestServerRunWithSNI(t *testing.T) {
 
 			// launch server
 			config := setUp(t)
-
 			v := fakeVersion()
-			config.Version = &v
+			config.EffectiveVersion = utilversion.NewEffectiveVersion(v.String())
 
 			config.EnableIndex = true
 			secureOptions := (&SecureServingOptions{
@@ -463,11 +463,9 @@ func certSignature(cert tls.Certificate) (string, error) {
 
 func fakeVersion() version.Info {
 	return version.Info{
-		Major:        "42",
-		Minor:        "42",
-		GitVersion:   "42",
-		GitCommit:    "34973274ccef6ab4dfaaf86599792fa9c3fe4689",
-		GitTreeState: "Dirty",
+		Major:      "42",
+		Minor:      "42",
+		GitVersion: "42.42",
 	}
 }
 

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/storage/resource_encoding_config.go

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ import (
 
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
+	apimachineryversion "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version"
+	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 )
 
 type ResourceEncodingConfig interface {
@@ -33,10 +35,15 @@ type ResourceEncodingConfig interface {
 	InMemoryEncodingFor(schema.GroupResource) (schema.GroupVersion, error)
 }
 
+type CompatibilityResourceEncodingConfig interface {
+	BackwardCompatibileStorageEncodingFor(schema.GroupResource, runtime.Object) (schema.GroupVersion, error)
+}
+
 type DefaultResourceEncodingConfig struct {
 	// resources records the overriding encoding configs for individual resources.
-	resources map[schema.GroupResource]*OverridingResourceEncoding
-	scheme    *runtime.Scheme
+	resources        map[schema.GroupResource]*OverridingResourceEncoding
+	scheme           *runtime.Scheme
+	effectiveVersion version.EffectiveVersion
 }
 
 type OverridingResourceEncoding struct {
@@ -47,7 +54,7 @@ type OverridingResourceEncoding struct {
 var _ ResourceEncodingConfig = &DefaultResourceEncodingConfig{}
 
 func NewDefaultResourceEncodingConfig(scheme *runtime.Scheme) *DefaultResourceEncodingConfig {
-	return &DefaultResourceEncodingConfig{resources: map[schema.GroupResource]*OverridingResourceEncoding{}, scheme: scheme}
+	return &DefaultResourceEncodingConfig{resources: map[schema.GroupResource]*OverridingResourceEncoding{}, scheme: scheme, effectiveVersion: version.DefaultKubeEffectiveVersion()}
 }
 
 func (o *DefaultResourceEncodingConfig) SetResourceEncoding(resourceBeingStored schema.GroupResource, externalEncodingVersion, internalVersion schema.GroupVersion) {
@@ -57,6 +64,10 @@ func (o *DefaultResourceEncodingConfig) SetResourceEncoding(resourceBeingStored
 	}
 }
 
+func (o *DefaultResourceEncodingConfig) SetEffectiveVersion(effectiveVersion version.EffectiveVersion) {
+	o.effectiveVersion = effectiveVersion
+}
+
 func (o *DefaultResourceEncodingConfig) StorageEncodingFor(resource schema.GroupResource) (schema.GroupVersion, error) {
 	if !o.scheme.IsGroupRegistered(resource.Group) {
 		return schema.GroupVersion{}, fmt.Errorf("group %q is not registered in scheme", resource.Group)
@@ -71,6 +82,24 @@ func (o *DefaultResourceEncodingConfig) StorageEncodingFor(resource schema.Group
 	return o.scheme.PrioritizedVersionsForGroup(resource.Group)[0], nil
 }
 
+func (o *DefaultResourceEncodingConfig) BackwardCompatibileStorageEncodingFor(resource schema.GroupResource, example runtime.Object) (schema.GroupVersion, error) {
+	if !o.scheme.IsGroupRegistered(resource.Group) {
+		return schema.GroupVersion{}, fmt.Errorf("group %q is not registered in scheme", resource.Group)
+	}
+
+	// Always respect overrides
+	resourceOverride, resourceExists := o.resources[resource]
+	if resourceExists {
+		return resourceOverride.ExternalResourceEncoding, nil
+	}
+
+	return emulatedStorageVersion(
+		o.scheme.PrioritizedVersionsForGroup(resource.Group)[0],
+		example,
+		o.effectiveVersion,
+		o.scheme)
+}
+
 func (o *DefaultResourceEncodingConfig) InMemoryEncodingFor(resource schema.GroupResource) (schema.GroupVersion, error) {
 	if !o.scheme.IsGroupRegistered(resource.Group) {
 		return schema.GroupVersion{}, fmt.Errorf("group %q is not registered in scheme", resource.Group)
@@ -82,3 +111,79 @@ func (o *DefaultResourceEncodingConfig) InMemoryEncodingFor(resource schema.Grou
 	}
 	return schema.GroupVersion{Group: resource.Group, Version: runtime.APIVersionInternal}, nil
 }
+
+// Object interface generated from "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:introduced" tags in types.go.
+type introducedInterface interface {
+	APILifecycleIntroduced() (major, minor int)
+}
+
+func emulatedStorageVersion(binaryVersionOfResource schema.GroupVersion, example runtime.Object, effectiveVersion version.EffectiveVersion, scheme *runtime.Scheme) (schema.GroupVersion, error) {
+	if example == nil || effectiveVersion == nil {
+		return binaryVersionOfResource, nil
+	}
+
+	// Look up example in scheme to find all objects of the same Group-Kind
+	// Use the highest priority version for that group-kind whose lifecycle window
+	// includes the current emulation version.
+	// If no version is found, use the binary version
+	// (in this case the API should be disabled anyway)
+	gvks, _, err := scheme.ObjectKinds(example)
+	if err != nil {
+		return schema.GroupVersion{}, err
+	} else if len(gvks) == 0 {
+		// Probably shouldn't happen if err is non-nil
+		return schema.GroupVersion{}, fmt.Errorf("object %T has no GVKs registered in scheme", example)
+	}
+
+	// VersionsForGroupKind returns versions in priority order
+	versions := scheme.VersionsForGroupKind(schema.GroupKind{Group: gvks[0].Group, Kind: gvks[0].Kind})
+
+	compatibilityVersion := effectiveVersion.MinCompatibilityVersion()
+
+	for _, gv := range versions {
+		if gv.Version == runtime.APIVersionInternal {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		gvk := schema.GroupVersionKind{
+			Group:   gv.Group,
+			Version: gv.Version,
+			Kind:    gvks[0].Kind,
+		}
+
+		exampleOfGVK, err := scheme.New(gvk)
+		if err != nil {
+			return schema.GroupVersion{}, err
+		}
+
+		// If it was introduced after current compatibility version, don't use it
+		// skip the introduced check for test when currentVersion is 0.0 to test all apis
+		if introduced, hasIntroduced := exampleOfGVK.(introducedInterface); hasIntroduced && (compatibilityVersion.Major() > 0 || compatibilityVersion.Minor() > 0) {
+			// API resource lifecycles should be relative to k8s api version
+			majorIntroduced, minorIntroduced := introduced.APILifecycleIntroduced()
+			introducedVer := apimachineryversion.MajorMinor(uint(majorIntroduced), uint(minorIntroduced))
+			if introducedVer.GreaterThan(compatibilityVersion) {
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+
+		// versions is returned in priority order, so just use first result
+		return gvk.GroupVersion(), nil
+	}
+
+	// Getting here means we're serving a version that is unknown to the
+	// min-compatibility-version server.
+	//
+	// This is only expected to happen when serving an alpha API type due
+	// to missing pre-release lifecycle information
+	// (which doesn't happen by default), or when emulation-version and
+	// min-compatibility-version are several versions apart so a beta or GA API
+	// was being served which didn't exist at all in min-compatibility-version.
+	//
+	// In the alpha case - we do not support compatibility versioning of
+	// alpha types and recommend users do not mix the two.
+	// In the skip-level case - The version of apiserver we are retaining
+	// compatibility with has no knowledge of the type,
+	// so storing it in another type is no issue.
+	return binaryVersionOfResource, nil
+}

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/storage/storage_factory.go

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ type Backend struct {
 type StorageFactory interface {
 	// New finds the storage destination for the given group and resource. It will
 	// return an error if the group has no storage destination configured.
-	NewConfig(groupResource schema.GroupResource) (*storagebackend.ConfigForResource, error)
+	NewConfig(groupResource schema.GroupResource, example runtime.Object) (*storagebackend.ConfigForResource, error)
 
 	// ResourcePrefix returns the overridden resource prefix for the GroupResource
 	// This allows for cohabitation of resources with different native types and provides
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ func (s *DefaultStorageFactory) getStorageGroupResource(groupResource schema.Gro
 
 // New finds the storage destination for the given group and resource. It will
 // return an error if the group has no storage destination configured.
-func (s *DefaultStorageFactory) NewConfig(groupResource schema.GroupResource) (*storagebackend.ConfigForResource, error) {
+func (s *DefaultStorageFactory) NewConfig(groupResource schema.GroupResource, example runtime.Object) (*storagebackend.ConfigForResource, error) {
 	chosenStorageResource := s.getStorageGroupResource(groupResource)
 
 	// operate on copy
@@ -244,14 +244,23 @@ func (s *DefaultStorageFactory) NewConfig(groupResource schema.GroupResource) (*
 	}
 
 	var err error
-	codecConfig.StorageVersion, err = s.ResourceEncodingConfig.StorageEncodingFor(chosenStorageResource)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+	if backwardCompatibleInterface, ok := s.ResourceEncodingConfig.(CompatibilityResourceEncodingConfig); ok {
+		codecConfig.StorageVersion, err = backwardCompatibleInterface.BackwardCompatibileStorageEncodingFor(groupResource, example)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	} else {
+		codecConfig.StorageVersion, err = s.ResourceEncodingConfig.StorageEncodingFor(chosenStorageResource)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 	}
+
 	codecConfig.MemoryVersion, err = s.ResourceEncodingConfig.InMemoryEncodingFor(groupResource)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+
 	codecConfig.Config = storageConfig
 
 	storageConfig.Codec, storageConfig.EncodeVersioner, err = s.newStorageCodecFn(codecConfig)

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/storage/storage_factory_test.go

@@ -26,10 +26,12 @@ import (
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/serializer"
+	apimachineryversion "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/apis/example"
 	exampleinstall "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/apis/example/install"
 	examplev1 "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/apis/example/v1"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/storage/storagebackend"
+	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -118,7 +120,7 @@ func TestConfigurableStorageFactory(t *testing.T) {
 	f.SetEtcdLocation(example.Resource("*"), []string{"/server2"})
 	f.SetEtcdPrefix(example.Resource("test"), "/prefix_for_test")
 
-	config, err := f.NewConfig(example.Resource("test"))
+	config, err := f.NewConfig(example.Resource("test"), nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -163,7 +165,7 @@ func TestUpdateEtcdOverrides(t *testing.T) {
 		storageFactory.SetEtcdLocation(test.resource, test.servers)
 
 		var err error
-		config, err := storageFactory.NewConfig(test.resource)
+		config, err := storageFactory.NewConfig(test.resource, nil)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Errorf("%d: unexpected error %v", i, err)
 			continue
@@ -173,7 +175,7 @@ func TestUpdateEtcdOverrides(t *testing.T) {
 			continue
 		}
 
-		config, err = storageFactory.NewConfig(schema.GroupResource{Group: examplev1.GroupName, Resource: "unlikely"})
+		config, err = storageFactory.NewConfig(schema.GroupResource{Group: examplev1.GroupName, Resource: "unlikely"}, nil)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Errorf("%d: unexpected error %v", i, err)
 			continue
@@ -244,3 +246,241 @@ func TestConfigs(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+var introducedLifecycles = map[reflect.Type]*apimachineryversion.Version{}
+var removedLifecycles = map[reflect.Type]*apimachineryversion.Version{}
+
+type fakeLifecycler[T, V any] struct {
+	metav1.TypeMeta
+	metav1.ObjectMeta
+}
+
+type removedLifecycler[T, V any] struct {
+	fakeLifecycler[T, V]
+}
+
+func (f *fakeLifecycler[T, V]) GetObjectKind() schema.ObjectKind { return f }
+func (f *fakeLifecycler[T, V]) DeepCopyObject() runtime.Object   { return f }
+func (f *fakeLifecycler[T, V]) APILifecycleIntroduced() (major, minor int) {
+	if introduced, ok := introducedLifecycles[reflect.TypeOf(f)]; ok {
+		return int(introduced.Major()), int(introduced.Minor())
+	}
+	panic("no lifecycle version set")
+}
+func (f *removedLifecycler[T, V]) APILifecycleRemoved() (major, minor int) {
+	if removed, ok := removedLifecycles[reflect.TypeOf(f)]; ok {
+		return int(removed.Major()), int(removed.Minor())
+	}
+	panic("no lifecycle version set")
+}
+
+func registerFakeLifecycle[T, V any](sch *runtime.Scheme, group, introduced, removed string) {
+	f := fakeLifecycler[T, V]{}
+
+	introducedLifecycles[reflect.TypeOf(&f)] = apimachineryversion.MustParseSemantic(introduced)
+
+	var res runtime.Object
+	if removed != "" {
+		removedLifecycles[reflect.TypeOf(&f)] = apimachineryversion.MustParseSemantic(removed)
+		res = &removedLifecycler[T, V]{fakeLifecycler: f}
+	} else {
+		res = &f
+	}
+
+	var v V
+	var t T
+	sch.AddKnownTypeWithName(
+		schema.GroupVersionKind{
+			Group:   group,
+			Version: strings.ToLower(reflect.TypeOf(v).Name()),
+			Kind:    reflect.TypeOf(t).Name(),
+		},
+		res,
+	)
+
+	// Also ensure internal version is registered
+	// If it is registertd multiple times, it will ignore subsequent registrations
+	internalInstance := &fakeLifecycler[T, struct{}]{}
+	sch.AddKnownTypeWithName(
+		schema.GroupVersionKind{
+			Group:   group,
+			Version: runtime.APIVersionInternal,
+			Kind:    reflect.TypeOf(t).Name(),
+		},
+		internalInstance,
+	)
+}
+
+func TestStorageFactoryCompatibilityVersion(t *testing.T) {
+	// Creates a scheme with stub types for unit test
+	sch := runtime.NewScheme()
+	codecs := serializer.NewCodecFactory(sch)
+
+	type Internal = struct{}
+	type V1beta1 struct{}
+	type V1beta2 struct{}
+	type V1beta3 struct{}
+	type V1 struct{}
+
+	type Pod struct{}
+	type FlowSchema struct{}
+	type ValidatingAdmisisonPolicy struct{}
+	type CronJob struct{}
+
+	// Order dictates priority order
+	registerFakeLifecycle[FlowSchema, V1](sch, "flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io", "1.29.0", "")
+	registerFakeLifecycle[FlowSchema, V1beta3](sch, "flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io", "1.26.0", "1.32.0")
+	registerFakeLifecycle[FlowSchema, V1beta2](sch, "flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io", "1.23.0", "1.29.0")
+	registerFakeLifecycle[FlowSchema, V1beta1](sch, "flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io", "1.20.0", "1.26.0")
+	registerFakeLifecycle[CronJob, V1](sch, "batch", "1.21.0", "")
+	registerFakeLifecycle[CronJob, V1beta1](sch, "batch", "1.8.0", "1.21.0")
+	registerFakeLifecycle[ValidatingAdmisisonPolicy, V1](sch, "admissionregistration.k8s.io", "1.30.0", "")
+	registerFakeLifecycle[ValidatingAdmisisonPolicy, V1beta1](sch, "admissionregistration.k8s.io", "1.28.0", "1.34.0")
+	registerFakeLifecycle[Pod, V1](sch, "", "1.31.0", "")
+
+	// FlowSchema
+	//   - v1beta1: 1.20.0 - 1.23.0
+	//   - v1beta2: 1.23.0 - 1.26.0
+	//   - v1beta3: 1.26.0 - 1.30.0
+	//   - v1: 1.29.0+
+	// CronJob
+	//	 - v1beta1: 1.8.0 - 1.21.0
+	//	 - v1: 1.21.0+
+	// ValidatingAdmissionPolicy
+	//	 - v1beta1: 1.28.0 - 1.31.0
+	//	 - v1: 1.30.0+
+
+	testcases := []struct {
+		effectiveVersion string
+		example          runtime.Object
+		expectedVersion  schema.GroupVersion
+	}{
+		{
+			// Basic case. Beta version for long time
+			effectiveVersion: "1.14.0",
+			example:          &fakeLifecycler[CronJob, Internal]{},
+			expectedVersion:  schema.GroupVersion{Group: "batch", Version: "v1beta1"},
+		},
+		{
+			// Basic case. Beta version for long time
+			effectiveVersion: "1.20.0",
+			example:          &fakeLifecycler[CronJob, Internal]{},
+			expectedVersion:  schema.GroupVersion{Group: "batch", Version: "v1beta1"},
+		},
+		{
+			// Basic case. GA version for long time
+			effectiveVersion: "1.28.0",
+			example:          &fakeLifecycler[CronJob, Internal]{},
+			expectedVersion:  schema.GroupVersion{Group: "batch", Version: "v1"},
+		},
+		{
+			// Basic core/v1
+			effectiveVersion: "1.31.0",
+			example:          &fakeLifecycler[Pod, Internal]{},
+			expectedVersion:  schema.GroupVersion{Group: "", Version: "v1"},
+		},
+		{
+			// Corner case: 1.1.0 has no flowcontrol. Options are to error
+			// out or to use the latest version. This test assumes the latter.
+			effectiveVersion: "1.1.0",
+			example:          &fakeLifecycler[FlowSchema, Internal]{},
+			expectedVersion:  schema.GroupVersion{Group: "flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io", Version: "v1"},
+		},
+		{
+			effectiveVersion: "1.21.0",
+			example:          &fakeLifecycler[FlowSchema, Internal]{},
+			expectedVersion:  schema.GroupVersion{Group: "flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io", Version: "v1beta1"},
+		},
+		{
+			// v2Beta1 introduced this version, but minCompatibility should
+			// force v1beta1
+			effectiveVersion: "1.23.0",
+			example:          &fakeLifecycler[FlowSchema, Internal]{},
+			expectedVersion:  schema.GroupVersion{Group: "flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io", Version: "v1beta1"},
+		},
+		{
+			effectiveVersion: "1.24.0",
+			example:          &fakeLifecycler[FlowSchema, Internal]{},
+			expectedVersion:  schema.GroupVersion{Group: "flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io", Version: "v1beta2"},
+		},
+		{
+			effectiveVersion: "1.26.0",
+			example:          &fakeLifecycler[FlowSchema, Internal]{},
+			expectedVersion:  schema.GroupVersion{Group: "flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io", Version: "v1beta2"},
+		},
+		{
+			effectiveVersion: "1.27.0",
+			example:          &fakeLifecycler[FlowSchema, Internal]{},
+			expectedVersion:  schema.GroupVersion{Group: "flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io", Version: "v1beta3"},
+		},
+		{
+			// GA API introduced 1.29 but must keep storing in v1beta3 for downgrades
+			effectiveVersion: "1.29.0",
+			example:          &fakeLifecycler[FlowSchema, Internal]{},
+			expectedVersion:  schema.GroupVersion{Group: "flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io", Version: "v1beta3"},
+		},
+		{
+			// Version after GA api is introduced
+			effectiveVersion: "1.30.0",
+			example:          &fakeLifecycler[FlowSchema, Internal]{},
+			expectedVersion:  schema.GroupVersion{Group: "flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io", Version: "v1"},
+		},
+		{
+			effectiveVersion: "1.30.0",
+			example:          &fakeLifecycler[ValidatingAdmisisonPolicy, Internal]{},
+			expectedVersion:  schema.GroupVersion{Group: "admissionregistration.k8s.io", Version: "v1beta1"},
+		},
+		{
+			effectiveVersion: "1.31.0",
+			example:          &fakeLifecycler[ValidatingAdmisisonPolicy, Internal]{},
+			expectedVersion:  schema.GroupVersion{Group: "admissionregistration.k8s.io", Version: "v1"},
+		},
+		{
+			effectiveVersion: "1.29.0",
+			example:          &fakeLifecycler[ValidatingAdmisisonPolicy, Internal]{},
+			expectedVersion:  schema.GroupVersion{Group: "admissionregistration.k8s.io", Version: "v1beta1"},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testcases {
+		gvks, _, err := sch.ObjectKinds(tc.example)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		gvk := gvks[0]
+		t.Run(gvk.GroupKind().String()+"@"+tc.effectiveVersion, func(t *testing.T) {
+			config := NewDefaultResourceEncodingConfig(sch)
+			config.SetEffectiveVersion(version.NewEffectiveVersion(tc.effectiveVersion))
+			f := NewDefaultStorageFactory(
+				storagebackend.Config{},
+				"",
+				codecs,
+				config,
+				NewResourceConfig(),
+				nil)
+
+			cfg, err := f.NewConfig(schema.GroupResource{
+				Group:    gvk.Group,
+				Resource: gvk.Kind, // doesnt really matter here
+			}, tc.example)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			gvks, _, err := sch.ObjectKinds(tc.example)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+			}
+			expectEncodeVersioner := runtime.NewMultiGroupVersioner(tc.expectedVersion,
+				schema.GroupKind{
+					Group: gvks[0].Group,
+				}, schema.GroupKind{
+					Group: gvks[0].Group,
+				})
+			if cfg.EncodeVersioner.Identifier() != expectEncodeVersioner.Identifier() {
+				t.Errorf("expected %v, got %v", expectEncodeVersioner, cfg.EncodeVersioner)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature/feature_gate.go

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ var (
 	// Only top-level commands/options setup and the k8s.io/component-base/featuregate/testing package should make use of this.
 	// Tests that need to modify feature gates for the duration of their test should use:
 	//   featuregatetesting.SetFeatureGateDuringTest(t, utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate, features.<FeatureName>, <value>)
-	DefaultMutableFeatureGate featuregate.MutableFeatureGate = featuregate.NewFeatureGate()
+	DefaultMutableFeatureGate featuregate.MutableVersionedFeatureGate = featuregate.NewFeatureGate()
 
 	// DefaultFeatureGate is a shared global FeatureGate.
 	// Top-level commands/options setup that needs to modify this feature gate should use DefaultMutableFeatureGate.

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version/registry.go

@@ -0,0 +1,454 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2024 The Kubernetes Authors.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package version
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
+	utilruntime "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/runtime"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version"
+	cliflag "k8s.io/component-base/cli/flag"
+	"k8s.io/component-base/featuregate"
+	"k8s.io/klog/v2"
+)
+
+// DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry is the global var to store the effective versions and feature gates for all components for easy access.
+// Example usage:
+// // register the component effective version and feature gate first
+// _, _ = utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.ComponentGlobalsOrRegister(utilversion.DefaultKubeComponent, utilversion.DefaultKubeEffectiveVersion(), utilfeature.DefaultMutableFeatureGate)
+// wardleEffectiveVersion := utilversion.NewEffectiveVersion("1.2")
+// wardleFeatureGate := featuregate.NewFeatureGate()
+// utilruntime.Must(utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.Register(apiserver.WardleComponentName, wardleEffectiveVersion, wardleFeatureGate, false))
+//
+//	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+//	 ...
+//		// call DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.Set() in PersistentPreRunE
+//		PersistentPreRunE: func(*cobra.Command, []string) error {
+//			if err := utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.Set(); err != nil {
+//				return err
+//			}
+//	 ...
+//		},
+//		RunE: func(c *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+//			// call utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.Validate() somewhere
+//		},
+//	}
+//
+// flags := cmd.Flags()
+// // add flags
+// utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.AddFlags(flags)
+var DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry ComponentGlobalsRegistry = NewComponentGlobalsRegistry()
+
+const (
+	DefaultKubeComponent = "kube"
+
+	klogLevel = 2
+)
+
+type VersionMapping func(from *version.Version) *version.Version
+
+// ComponentGlobals stores the global variables for a component for easy access.
+type ComponentGlobals struct {
+	effectiveVersion MutableEffectiveVersion
+	featureGate      featuregate.MutableVersionedFeatureGate
+
+	// emulationVersionMapping contains the mapping from the emulation version of this component
+	// to the emulation version of another component.
+	emulationVersionMapping map[string]VersionMapping
+	// dependentEmulationVersion stores whether or not this component's EmulationVersion is dependent through mapping on another component.
+	// If true, the emulation version cannot be set from the flag, or version mapping from another component.
+	dependentEmulationVersion bool
+	// minCompatibilityVersionMapping contains the mapping from the min compatibility version of this component
+	// to the min compatibility version of another component.
+	minCompatibilityVersionMapping map[string]VersionMapping
+	// dependentMinCompatibilityVersion stores whether or not this component's MinCompatibilityVersion is dependent through mapping on another component
+	// If true, the min compatibility version cannot be set from the flag, or version mapping from another component.
+	dependentMinCompatibilityVersion bool
+}
+
+type ComponentGlobalsRegistry interface {
+	// EffectiveVersionFor returns the EffectiveVersion registered under the component.
+	// Returns nil if the component is not registered.
+	EffectiveVersionFor(component string) EffectiveVersion
+	// FeatureGateFor returns the FeatureGate registered under the component.
+	// Returns nil if the component is not registered.
+	FeatureGateFor(component string) featuregate.FeatureGate
+	// Register registers the EffectiveVersion and FeatureGate for a component.
+	// returns error if the component is already registered.
+	Register(component string, effectiveVersion MutableEffectiveVersion, featureGate featuregate.MutableVersionedFeatureGate) error
+	// ComponentGlobalsOrRegister would return the registered global variables for the component if it already exists in the registry.
+	// Otherwise, the provided variables would be registered under the component, and the same variables would be returned.
+	ComponentGlobalsOrRegister(component string, effectiveVersion MutableEffectiveVersion, featureGate featuregate.MutableVersionedFeatureGate) (MutableEffectiveVersion, featuregate.MutableVersionedFeatureGate)
+	// AddFlags adds flags of "--emulated-version" and "--feature-gates"
+	AddFlags(fs *pflag.FlagSet)
+	// Set sets the flags for all global variables for all components registered.
+	Set() error
+	// SetFallback calls Set() if it has never been called.
+	SetFallback() error
+	// Validate calls the Validate() function for all the global variables for all components registered.
+	Validate() []error
+	// Reset removes all stored ComponentGlobals, configurations, and version mappings.
+	Reset()
+	// SetEmulationVersionMapping sets the mapping from the emulation version of one component
+	// to the emulation version of another component.
+	// Once set, the emulation version of the toComponent will be determined by the emulation version of the fromComponent,
+	// and cannot be set from cmd flags anymore.
+	// For a given component, its emulation version can only depend on one other component, no multiple dependency is allowed.
+	SetEmulationVersionMapping(fromComponent, toComponent string, f VersionMapping) error
+}
+
+type componentGlobalsRegistry struct {
+	componentGlobals map[string]*ComponentGlobals
+	mutex            sync.RWMutex
+	// list of component name to emulation version set from the flag.
+	emulationVersionConfig []string
+	// map of component name to the list of feature gates set from the flag.
+	featureGatesConfig map[string][]string
+	// set stores if the Set() function for the registry is already called.
+	set bool
+}
+
+func NewComponentGlobalsRegistry() *componentGlobalsRegistry {
+	return &componentGlobalsRegistry{
+		componentGlobals:       make(map[string]*ComponentGlobals),
+		emulationVersionConfig: nil,
+		featureGatesConfig:     nil,
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *componentGlobalsRegistry) Reset() {
+	r.mutex.RLock()
+	defer r.mutex.RUnlock()
+	r.componentGlobals = make(map[string]*ComponentGlobals)
+	r.emulationVersionConfig = nil
+	r.featureGatesConfig = nil
+	r.set = false
+}
+
+func (r *componentGlobalsRegistry) EffectiveVersionFor(component string) EffectiveVersion {
+	r.mutex.RLock()
+	defer r.mutex.RUnlock()
+	globals, ok := r.componentGlobals[component]
+	if !ok {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return globals.effectiveVersion
+}
+
+func (r *componentGlobalsRegistry) FeatureGateFor(component string) featuregate.FeatureGate {
+	r.mutex.RLock()
+	defer r.mutex.RUnlock()
+	globals, ok := r.componentGlobals[component]
+	if !ok {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return globals.featureGate
+}
+
+func (r *componentGlobalsRegistry) unsafeRegister(component string, effectiveVersion MutableEffectiveVersion, featureGate featuregate.MutableVersionedFeatureGate) error {
+	if _, ok := r.componentGlobals[component]; ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("component globals of %s already registered", component)
+	}
+	if featureGate != nil {
+		if err := featureGate.SetEmulationVersion(effectiveVersion.EmulationVersion()); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	c := ComponentGlobals{
+		effectiveVersion:               effectiveVersion,
+		featureGate:                    featureGate,
+		emulationVersionMapping:        make(map[string]VersionMapping),
+		minCompatibilityVersionMapping: make(map[string]VersionMapping),
+	}
+	r.componentGlobals[component] = &c
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *componentGlobalsRegistry) Register(component string, effectiveVersion MutableEffectiveVersion, featureGate featuregate.MutableVersionedFeatureGate) error {
+	if effectiveVersion == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("cannot register nil effectiveVersion")
+	}
+	r.mutex.Lock()
+	defer r.mutex.Unlock()
+	return r.unsafeRegister(component, effectiveVersion, featureGate)
+}
+
+func (r *componentGlobalsRegistry) ComponentGlobalsOrRegister(component string, effectiveVersion MutableEffectiveVersion, featureGate featuregate.MutableVersionedFeatureGate) (MutableEffectiveVersion, featuregate.MutableVersionedFeatureGate) {
+	r.mutex.Lock()
+	defer r.mutex.Unlock()
+	globals, ok := r.componentGlobals[component]
+	if ok {
+		return globals.effectiveVersion, globals.featureGate
+	}
+	utilruntime.Must(r.unsafeRegister(component, effectiveVersion, featureGate))
+	return effectiveVersion, featureGate
+}
+
+func (r *componentGlobalsRegistry) unsafeKnownFeatures() []string {
+	var known []string
+	for component, globals := range r.componentGlobals {
+		if globals.featureGate == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, f := range globals.featureGate.KnownFeatures() {
+			known = append(known, component+":"+f)
+		}
+	}
+	sort.Strings(known)
+	return known
+}
+
+func (r *componentGlobalsRegistry) unsafeVersionFlagOptions(isEmulation bool) []string {
+	var vs []string
+	for component, globals := range r.componentGlobals {
+		binaryVer := globals.effectiveVersion.BinaryVersion()
+		if isEmulation {
+			if globals.dependentEmulationVersion {
+				continue
+			}
+			// emulated version could be between binaryMajor.{binaryMinor} and binaryMajor.{binaryMinor}
+			// TODO: change to binaryMajor.{binaryMinor-1} and binaryMajor.{binaryMinor} in 1.32
+			vs = append(vs, fmt.Sprintf("%s=%s..%s (default=%s)", component,
+				binaryVer.SubtractMinor(0).String(), binaryVer.String(), globals.effectiveVersion.EmulationVersion().String()))
+		} else {
+			if globals.dependentMinCompatibilityVersion {
+				continue
+			}
+			// min compatibility version could be between binaryMajor.{binaryMinor-1} and binaryMajor.{binaryMinor}
+			vs = append(vs, fmt.Sprintf("%s=%s..%s (default=%s)", component,
+				binaryVer.SubtractMinor(1).String(), binaryVer.String(), globals.effectiveVersion.MinCompatibilityVersion().String()))
+		}
+	}
+	sort.Strings(vs)
+	return vs
+}
+
+func (r *componentGlobalsRegistry) AddFlags(fs *pflag.FlagSet) {
+	if r == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	r.mutex.Lock()
+	defer r.mutex.Unlock()
+	for _, globals := range r.componentGlobals {
+		if globals.featureGate != nil {
+			globals.featureGate.Close()
+		}
+	}
+	if r.emulationVersionConfig != nil || r.featureGatesConfig != nil {
+		klog.Warning("calling componentGlobalsRegistry.AddFlags more than once, the registry will be set by the latest flags")
+	}
+	r.emulationVersionConfig = []string{}
+	r.featureGatesConfig = make(map[string][]string)
+
+	fs.StringSliceVar(&r.emulationVersionConfig, "emulated-version", r.emulationVersionConfig, ""+
+		"The versions different components emulate their capabilities (APIs, features, ...) of.\n"+
+		"If set, the component will emulate the behavior of this version instead of the underlying binary version.\n"+
+		"Version format could only be major.minor, for example: '--emulated-version=wardle=1.2,kube=1.31'. Options are:\n"+strings.Join(r.unsafeVersionFlagOptions(true), "\n")+
+		"If the component is not specified, defaults to \"kube\"")
+
+	fs.Var(cliflag.NewColonSeparatedMultimapStringStringAllowDefaultEmptyKey(&r.featureGatesConfig), "feature-gates", "Comma-separated list of component:key=value pairs that describe feature gates for alpha/experimental features of different components.\n"+
+		"If the component is not specified, defaults to \"kube\". This flag can be repeatedly invoked. For example: --feature-gates 'wardle:featureA=true,wardle:featureB=false' --feature-gates 'kube:featureC=true'"+
+		"Options are:\n"+strings.Join(r.unsafeKnownFeatures(), "\n"))
+}
+
+type componentVersion struct {
+	component string
+	ver       *version.Version
+}
+
+// getFullEmulationVersionConfig expands the given version config with version registered version mapping,
+// and returns the map of component to Version.
+func (r *componentGlobalsRegistry) getFullEmulationVersionConfig(
+	versionConfigMap map[string]*version.Version) (map[string]*version.Version, error) {
+	result := map[string]*version.Version{}
+	setQueue := []componentVersion{}
+	for comp, ver := range versionConfigMap {
+		if _, ok := r.componentGlobals[comp]; !ok {
+			return result, fmt.Errorf("component not registered: %s", comp)
+		}
+		klog.V(klogLevel).Infof("setting version %s=%s", comp, ver.String())
+		setQueue = append(setQueue, componentVersion{comp, ver})
+	}
+	for len(setQueue) > 0 {
+		cv := setQueue[0]
+		if _, visited := result[cv.component]; visited {
+			return result, fmt.Errorf("setting version of %s more than once, probably version mapping loop", cv.component)
+		}
+		setQueue = setQueue[1:]
+		result[cv.component] = cv.ver
+		for toComp, f := range r.componentGlobals[cv.component].emulationVersionMapping {
+			toVer := f(cv.ver)
+			if toVer == nil {
+				return result, fmt.Errorf("got nil version from mapping of %s=%s to component:%s", cv.component, cv.ver.String(), toComp)
+			}
+			klog.V(klogLevel).Infof("setting version %s=%s from version mapping of %s=%s", toComp, toVer.String(), cv.component, cv.ver.String())
+			setQueue = append(setQueue, componentVersion{toComp, toVer})
+		}
+	}
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+func toVersionMap(versionConfig []string) (map[string]*version.Version, error) {
+	m := map[string]*version.Version{}
+	for _, compVer := range versionConfig {
+		// default to "kube" of component is not specified
+		k := "kube"
+		v := compVer
+		if strings.Contains(compVer, "=") {
+			arr := strings.SplitN(compVer, "=", 2)
+			if len(arr) != 2 {
+				return m, fmt.Errorf("malformed pair, expect string=string")
+			}
+			k = strings.TrimSpace(arr[0])
+			v = strings.TrimSpace(arr[1])
+		}
+		ver, err := version.Parse(v)
+		if err != nil {
+			return m, err
+		}
+		if ver.Patch() != 0 {
+			return m, fmt.Errorf("patch version not allowed, got: %s=%s", k, ver.String())
+		}
+		if existingVer, ok := m[k]; ok {
+			return m, fmt.Errorf("duplicate version flag, %s=%s and %s=%s", k, existingVer.String(), k, ver.String())
+		}
+		m[k] = ver
+	}
+	return m, nil
+}
+
+func (r *componentGlobalsRegistry) SetFallback() error {
+	r.mutex.Lock()
+	set := r.set
+	r.mutex.Unlock()
+	if set {
+		return nil
+	}
+	klog.Warning("setting componentGlobalsRegistry in SetFallback. We recommend calling componentGlobalsRegistry.Set()" +
+		" right after parsing flags to avoid using feature gates before their final values are set by the flags.")
+	return r.Set()
+}
+
+func (r *componentGlobalsRegistry) Set() error {
+	r.mutex.Lock()
+	defer r.mutex.Unlock()
+	r.set = true
+	emulationVersionConfigMap, err := toVersionMap(r.emulationVersionConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for comp := range emulationVersionConfigMap {
+		if _, ok := r.componentGlobals[comp]; !ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("component not registered: %s", comp)
+		}
+		// only components without any dependencies can be set from the flag.
+		if r.componentGlobals[comp].dependentEmulationVersion {
+			return fmt.Errorf("EmulationVersion of %s is set by mapping, cannot set it by flag", comp)
+		}
+	}
+	if emulationVersions, err := r.getFullEmulationVersionConfig(emulationVersionConfigMap); err != nil {
+		return err
+	} else {
+		for comp, ver := range emulationVersions {
+			r.componentGlobals[comp].effectiveVersion.SetEmulationVersion(ver)
+		}
+	}
+	// Set feature gate emulation version before setting feature gate flag values.
+	for comp, globals := range r.componentGlobals {
+		if globals.featureGate == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		klog.V(klogLevel).Infof("setting %s:feature gate emulation version to %s", comp, globals.effectiveVersion.EmulationVersion().String())
+		if err := globals.featureGate.SetEmulationVersion(globals.effectiveVersion.EmulationVersion()); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	for comp, fg := range r.featureGatesConfig {
+		if comp == "" {
+			if _, ok := r.featureGatesConfig[DefaultKubeComponent]; ok {
+				return fmt.Errorf("set kube feature gates with default empty prefix or kube: prefix consistently, do not mix use")
+			}
+			comp = DefaultKubeComponent
+		}
+		if _, ok := r.componentGlobals[comp]; !ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("component not registered: %s", comp)
+		}
+		featureGate := r.componentGlobals[comp].featureGate
+		if featureGate == nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("component featureGate not registered: %s", comp)
+		}
+		flagVal := strings.Join(fg, ",")
+		klog.V(klogLevel).Infof("setting %s:feature-gates=%s", comp, flagVal)
+		if err := featureGate.Set(flagVal); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *componentGlobalsRegistry) Validate() []error {
+	var errs []error
+	r.mutex.Lock()
+	defer r.mutex.Unlock()
+	for _, globals := range r.componentGlobals {
+		errs = append(errs, globals.effectiveVersion.Validate()...)
+		if globals.featureGate != nil {
+			errs = append(errs, globals.featureGate.Validate()...)
+		}
+	}
+	return errs
+}
+
+func (r *componentGlobalsRegistry) SetEmulationVersionMapping(fromComponent, toComponent string, f VersionMapping) error {
+	if f == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	klog.V(klogLevel).Infof("setting EmulationVersion mapping from %s to %s", fromComponent, toComponent)
+	r.mutex.Lock()
+	defer r.mutex.Unlock()
+	if _, ok := r.componentGlobals[fromComponent]; !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("component not registered: %s", fromComponent)
+	}
+	if _, ok := r.componentGlobals[toComponent]; !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("component not registered: %s", toComponent)
+	}
+	// check multiple dependency
+	if r.componentGlobals[toComponent].dependentEmulationVersion {
+		return fmt.Errorf("mapping of %s already exists from another component", toComponent)
+	}
+	r.componentGlobals[toComponent].dependentEmulationVersion = true
+
+	versionMapping := r.componentGlobals[fromComponent].emulationVersionMapping
+	if _, ok := versionMapping[toComponent]; ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("EmulationVersion from %s to %s already exists", fromComponent, toComponent)
+	}
+	versionMapping[toComponent] = f
+	klog.V(klogLevel).Infof("setting the default EmulationVersion of %s based on mapping from the default EmulationVersion of %s", fromComponent, toComponent)
+	defaultFromVersion := r.componentGlobals[fromComponent].effectiveVersion.EmulationVersion()
+	emulationVersions, err := r.getFullEmulationVersionConfig(map[string]*version.Version{fromComponent: defaultFromVersion})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for comp, ver := range emulationVersions {
+		r.componentGlobals[comp].effectiveVersion.SetEmulationVersion(ver)
+	}
+	return nil
+}

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version/registry_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2024 The Kubernetes Authors.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package version
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
+	utilruntime "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/runtime"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version"
+	"k8s.io/component-base/featuregate"
+)
+
+const (
+	testComponent = "test"
+)
+
+func TestEffectiveVersionRegistry(t *testing.T) {
+	r := NewComponentGlobalsRegistry()
+	ver1 := NewEffectiveVersion("1.31")
+	ver2 := NewEffectiveVersion("1.28")
+
+	if r.EffectiveVersionFor(testComponent) != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected nil EffectiveVersion initially")
+	}
+	if err := r.Register(testComponent, ver1, nil); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no error to register new component, but got err: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !r.EffectiveVersionFor(testComponent).EqualTo(ver1) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected EffectiveVersionFor to return the version registered")
+	}
+	// overwrite
+	if err := r.Register(testComponent, ver2, nil); err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected error to register existing component when override is false")
+	}
+	if !r.EffectiveVersionFor(testComponent).EqualTo(ver1) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected EffectiveVersionFor to return the version overridden")
+	}
+}
+
+func testRegistry(t *testing.T) *componentGlobalsRegistry {
+	r := NewComponentGlobalsRegistry()
+	verKube := NewEffectiveVersion("1.31")
+	fgKube := featuregate.NewVersionedFeatureGate(version.MustParse("0.0"))
+	err := fgKube.AddVersioned(map[featuregate.Feature]featuregate.VersionedSpecs{
+		"kubeA": {
+			{Version: version.MustParse("1.31"), Default: true, LockToDefault: true, PreRelease: featuregate.GA},
+			{Version: version.MustParse("1.28"), Default: false, PreRelease: featuregate.Beta},
+			{Version: version.MustParse("1.27"), Default: false, PreRelease: featuregate.Alpha},
+		},
+		"kubeB": {
+			{Version: version.MustParse("1.30"), Default: false, PreRelease: featuregate.Alpha},
+		},
+		"commonC": {
+			{Version: version.MustParse("1.29"), Default: true, PreRelease: featuregate.Beta},
+			{Version: version.MustParse("1.27"), Default: false, PreRelease: featuregate.Alpha},
+		},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	verTest := NewEffectiveVersion("2.8")
+	fgTest := featuregate.NewVersionedFeatureGate(version.MustParse("0.0"))
+	err = fgTest.AddVersioned(map[featuregate.Feature]featuregate.VersionedSpecs{
+		"testA": {
+			{Version: version.MustParse("2.10"), Default: true, PreRelease: featuregate.GA},
+			{Version: version.MustParse("2.8"), Default: false, PreRelease: featuregate.Beta},
+			{Version: version.MustParse("2.7"), Default: false, PreRelease: featuregate.Alpha},
+		},
+		"testB": {
+			{Version: version.MustParse("2.9"), Default: false, PreRelease: featuregate.Alpha},
+		},
+		"commonC": {
+			{Version: version.MustParse("2.9"), Default: true, PreRelease: featuregate.Beta},
+			{Version: version.MustParse("2.7"), Default: false, PreRelease: featuregate.Alpha},
+		},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	utilruntime.Must(r.Register(DefaultKubeComponent, verKube, fgKube))
+	utilruntime.Must(r.Register(testComponent, verTest, fgTest))
+	return r
+}
+
+func TestVersionFlagOptions(t *testing.T) {
+	r := testRegistry(t)
+	emuVers := strings.Join(r.unsafeVersionFlagOptions(true), "\n")
+	expectedEmuVers := "kube=1.31..1.31 (default=1.31)\ntest=2.8..2.8 (default=2.8)"
+	if emuVers != expectedEmuVers {
+		t.Errorf("wanted emulation version flag options to be: %s, got %s", expectedEmuVers, emuVers)
+	}
+	minCompVers := strings.Join(r.unsafeVersionFlagOptions(false), "\n")
+	expectedMinCompVers := "kube=1.30..1.31 (default=1.30)\ntest=2.7..2.8 (default=2.7)"
+	if minCompVers != expectedMinCompVers {
+		t.Errorf("wanted min compatibility version flag options to be: %s, got %s", expectedMinCompVers, minCompVers)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestVersionFlagOptionsWithMapping(t *testing.T) {
+	r := testRegistry(t)
+	utilruntime.Must(r.SetEmulationVersionMapping(testComponent, DefaultKubeComponent,
+		func(from *version.Version) *version.Version { return from.OffsetMinor(3) }))
+	emuVers := strings.Join(r.unsafeVersionFlagOptions(true), "\n")
+	expectedEmuVers := "test=2.8..2.8 (default=2.8)"
+	if emuVers != expectedEmuVers {
+		t.Errorf("wanted emulation version flag options to be: %s, got %s", expectedEmuVers, emuVers)
+	}
+	minCompVers := strings.Join(r.unsafeVersionFlagOptions(false), "\n")
+	expectedMinCompVers := "kube=1.30..1.31 (default=1.30)\ntest=2.7..2.8 (default=2.7)"
+	if minCompVers != expectedMinCompVers {
+		t.Errorf("wanted min compatibility version flag options to be: %s, got %s", expectedMinCompVers, minCompVers)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestVersionedFeatureGateFlag(t *testing.T) {
+	r := testRegistry(t)
+	known := strings.Join(r.unsafeKnownFeatures(), "\n")
+	expectedKnown := "kube:AllAlpha=true|false (ALPHA - default=false)\n" +
+		"kube:AllBeta=true|false (BETA - default=false)\n" +
+		"kube:commonC=true|false (BETA - default=true)\n" +
+		"kube:kubeB=true|false (ALPHA - default=false)\n" +
+		"test:AllAlpha=true|false (ALPHA - default=false)\n" +
+		"test:AllBeta=true|false (BETA - default=false)\n" +
+		"test:commonC=true|false (ALPHA - default=false)\n" +
+		"test:testA=true|false (BETA - default=false)"
+	if known != expectedKnown {
+		t.Errorf("wanted min compatibility version flag options to be:\n%s, got:\n%s", expectedKnown, known)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name                         string
+		flags                        []string
+		parseError                   string
+		expectedKubeEmulationVersion string
+		expectedTestEmulationVersion string
+		expectedKubeFeatureValues    map[featuregate.Feature]bool
+		expectedTestFeatureValues    map[featuregate.Feature]bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:                         "setting kube emulation version",
+			flags:                        []string{"--emulated-version=kube=1.30"},
+			expectedKubeEmulationVersion: "1.30",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "setting kube emulation version twice",
+			flags: []string{
+				"--emulated-version=kube=1.30",
+				"--emulated-version=kube=1.32",
+			},
+			parseError: "duplicate version flag, kube=1.30 and kube=1.32",
+		},
+		{
+			name:                         "prefix v ok",
+			flags:                        []string{"--emulated-version=kube=v1.30"},
+			expectedKubeEmulationVersion: "1.30",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "patch version not ok",
+			flags:      []string{"--emulated-version=kube=1.30.2"},
+			parseError: "patch version not allowed, got: kube=1.30.2",
+		},
+		{
+			name:                         "setting test emulation version",
+			flags:                        []string{"--emulated-version=test=2.7"},
+			expectedKubeEmulationVersion: "1.31",
+			expectedTestEmulationVersion: "2.7",
+		},
+		{
+			name:                         "version missing component default to kube",
+			flags:                        []string{"--emulated-version=1.30"},
+			expectedKubeEmulationVersion: "1.30",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "version missing component default to kube with duplicate",
+			flags:      []string{"--emulated-version=1.30", "--emulated-version=kube=1.30"},
+			parseError: "duplicate version flag, kube=1.30 and kube=1.30",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "version unregistered component",
+			flags:      []string{"--emulated-version=test3=1.31"},
+			parseError: "component not registered: test3",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "invalid version",
+			flags:      []string{"--emulated-version=test=1.foo"},
+			parseError: "illegal version string \"1.foo\"",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "setting test feature flag",
+			flags: []string{
+				"--emulated-version=test=2.7",
+				"--feature-gates=test:testA=true",
+			},
+			expectedKubeEmulationVersion: "1.31",
+			expectedTestEmulationVersion: "2.7",
+			expectedKubeFeatureValues:    map[featuregate.Feature]bool{"kubeA": true, "kubeB": false, "commonC": true},
+			expectedTestFeatureValues:    map[featuregate.Feature]bool{"testA": true, "testB": false, "commonC": false},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "setting future test feature flag",
+			flags: []string{
+				"--emulated-version=test=2.7",
+				"--feature-gates=test:testA=true,test:testB=true",
+			},
+			parseError: "cannot set feature gate testB to true, feature is PreAlpha at emulated version 2.7",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "setting kube feature flag",
+			flags: []string{
+				"--emulated-version=test=2.7",
+				"--emulated-version=kube=1.30",
+				"--feature-gates=kubeB=false,test:commonC=true",
+				"--feature-gates=commonC=false,kubeB=true",
+			},
+			expectedKubeEmulationVersion: "1.30",
+			expectedTestEmulationVersion: "2.7",
+			expectedKubeFeatureValues:    map[featuregate.Feature]bool{"kubeA": false, "kubeB": true, "commonC": false},
+			expectedTestFeatureValues:    map[featuregate.Feature]bool{"testA": false, "testB": false, "commonC": true},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "setting kube feature flag with different prefix",
+			flags: []string{
+				"--emulated-version=test=2.7",
+				"--emulated-version=kube=1.30",
+				"--feature-gates=kube:kubeB=false,test:commonC=true",
+				"--feature-gates=commonC=false,kubeB=true",
+			},
+			parseError: "set kube feature gates with default empty prefix or kube: prefix consistently, do not mix use",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "setting locked kube feature flag",
+			flags: []string{
+				"--emulated-version=test=2.7",
+				"--feature-gates=kubeA=false",
+			},
+			parseError: "cannot set feature gate kubeA to false, feature is locked to true",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "setting unknown test feature flag",
+			flags: []string{
+				"--emulated-version=test=2.7",
+				"--feature-gates=test:testD=true",
+			},
+			parseError: "unrecognized feature gate: testD",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "setting unknown component feature flag",
+			flags: []string{
+				"--emulated-version=test=2.7",
+				"--feature-gates=test3:commonC=true",
+			},
+			parseError: "component not registered: test3",
+		},
+	}
+	for i, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			fs := pflag.NewFlagSet("testflag", pflag.ContinueOnError)
+			r := testRegistry(t)
+			r.AddFlags(fs)
+			err := fs.Parse(test.flags)
+			if err == nil {
+				err = r.Set()
+			}
+			if test.parseError != "" {
+				if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), test.parseError) {
+					t.Fatalf("%d: Parse() expected: %v, got: %v", i, test.parseError, err)
+				}
+				return
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("%d: Parse() expected: nil, got: %v", i, err)
+			}
+			if len(test.expectedKubeEmulationVersion) > 0 {
+				assertVersionEqualTo(t, r.EffectiveVersionFor(DefaultKubeComponent).EmulationVersion(), test.expectedKubeEmulationVersion)
+			}
+			if len(test.expectedTestEmulationVersion) > 0 {
+				assertVersionEqualTo(t, r.EffectiveVersionFor(testComponent).EmulationVersion(), test.expectedTestEmulationVersion)
+			}
+			for f, v := range test.expectedKubeFeatureValues {
+				if r.FeatureGateFor(DefaultKubeComponent).Enabled(f) != v {
+					t.Errorf("%d: expected kube feature Enabled(%s)=%v", i, f, v)
+				}
+			}
+			for f, v := range test.expectedTestFeatureValues {
+				if r.FeatureGateFor(testComponent).Enabled(f) != v {
+					t.Errorf("%d: expected test feature Enabled(%s)=%v", i, f, v)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestVersionMapping(t *testing.T) {
+	r := NewComponentGlobalsRegistry()
+	ver1 := NewEffectiveVersion("0.58")
+	ver2 := NewEffectiveVersion("1.28")
+	ver3 := NewEffectiveVersion("2.10")
+
+	utilruntime.Must(r.Register("test1", ver1, nil))
+	utilruntime.Must(r.Register("test2", ver2, nil))
+	utilruntime.Must(r.Register("test3", ver3, nil))
+
+	assertVersionEqualTo(t, r.EffectiveVersionFor("test1").EmulationVersion(), "0.58")
+	assertVersionEqualTo(t, r.EffectiveVersionFor("test2").EmulationVersion(), "1.28")
+	assertVersionEqualTo(t, r.EffectiveVersionFor("test3").EmulationVersion(), "2.10")
+
+	utilruntime.Must(r.SetEmulationVersionMapping("test2", "test3",
+		func(from *version.Version) *version.Version {
+			return version.MajorMinor(from.Major()+1, from.Minor()-19)
+		}))
+	utilruntime.Must(r.SetEmulationVersionMapping("test1", "test2",
+		func(from *version.Version) *version.Version {
+			return version.MajorMinor(from.Major()+1, from.Minor()-28)
+		}))
+	assertVersionEqualTo(t, r.EffectiveVersionFor("test1").EmulationVersion(), "0.58")
+	assertVersionEqualTo(t, r.EffectiveVersionFor("test2").EmulationVersion(), "1.30")
+	assertVersionEqualTo(t, r.EffectiveVersionFor("test3").EmulationVersion(), "2.11")
+
+	fs := pflag.NewFlagSet("testflag", pflag.ContinueOnError)
+	r.AddFlags(fs)
+
+	if err := fs.Parse([]string{fmt.Sprintf("--emulated-version=%s", "test1=0.56")}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+		return
+	}
+	if err := r.Set(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+		return
+	}
+	assertVersionEqualTo(t, r.EffectiveVersionFor("test1").EmulationVersion(), "0.56")
+	assertVersionEqualTo(t, r.EffectiveVersionFor("test2").EmulationVersion(), "1.28")
+	assertVersionEqualTo(t, r.EffectiveVersionFor("test3").EmulationVersion(), "2.09")
+}
+
+func TestVersionMappingWithMultipleDependency(t *testing.T) {
+	r := NewComponentGlobalsRegistry()
+	ver1 := NewEffectiveVersion("0.58")
+	ver2 := NewEffectiveVersion("1.28")
+	ver3 := NewEffectiveVersion("2.10")
+
+	utilruntime.Must(r.Register("test1", ver1, nil))
+	utilruntime.Must(r.Register("test2", ver2, nil))
+	utilruntime.Must(r.Register("test3", ver3, nil))
+
+	assertVersionEqualTo(t, r.EffectiveVersionFor("test1").EmulationVersion(), "0.58")
+	assertVersionEqualTo(t, r.EffectiveVersionFor("test2").EmulationVersion(), "1.28")
+	assertVersionEqualTo(t, r.EffectiveVersionFor("test3").EmulationVersion(), "2.10")
+
+	utilruntime.Must(r.SetEmulationVersionMapping("test1", "test2",
+		func(from *version.Version) *version.Version {
+			return version.MajorMinor(from.Major()+1, from.Minor()-28)
+		}))
+	err := r.SetEmulationVersionMapping("test3", "test2",
+		func(from *version.Version) *version.Version {
+			return version.MajorMinor(from.Major()-1, from.Minor()+19)
+		})
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("expect error when setting 2nd mapping to test2")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestVersionMappingWithCyclicDependency(t *testing.T) {
+	r := NewComponentGlobalsRegistry()
+	ver1 := NewEffectiveVersion("0.58")
+	ver2 := NewEffectiveVersion("1.28")
+	ver3 := NewEffectiveVersion("2.10")
+
+	utilruntime.Must(r.Register("test1", ver1, nil))
+	utilruntime.Must(r.Register("test2", ver2, nil))
+	utilruntime.Must(r.Register("test3", ver3, nil))
+
+	assertVersionEqualTo(t, r.EffectiveVersionFor("test1").EmulationVersion(), "0.58")
+	assertVersionEqualTo(t, r.EffectiveVersionFor("test2").EmulationVersion(), "1.28")
+	assertVersionEqualTo(t, r.EffectiveVersionFor("test3").EmulationVersion(), "2.10")
+
+	utilruntime.Must(r.SetEmulationVersionMapping("test1", "test2",
+		func(from *version.Version) *version.Version {
+			return version.MajorMinor(from.Major()+1, from.Minor()-28)
+		}))
+	utilruntime.Must(r.SetEmulationVersionMapping("test2", "test3",
+		func(from *version.Version) *version.Version {
+			return version.MajorMinor(from.Major()+1, from.Minor()-19)
+		}))
+	err := r.SetEmulationVersionMapping("test3", "test1",
+		func(from *version.Version) *version.Version {
+			return version.MajorMinor(from.Major()-2, from.Minor()+48)
+		})
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("expect cyclic version mapping error")
+	}
+}
+
+func assertVersionEqualTo(t *testing.T, ver *version.Version, expectedVer string) {
+	if ver.EqualTo(version.MustParse(expectedVer)) {
+		return
+	}
+	t.Errorf("expected: %s, got %s", expectedVer, ver.String())
+}

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version/version.go

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2024 The Kubernetes Authors.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package version
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"sync/atomic"
+
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version"
+	baseversion "k8s.io/component-base/version"
+)
+
+type EffectiveVersion interface {
+	BinaryVersion() *version.Version
+	EmulationVersion() *version.Version
+	MinCompatibilityVersion() *version.Version
+	EqualTo(other EffectiveVersion) bool
+	String() string
+	Validate() []error
+}
+
+type MutableEffectiveVersion interface {
+	EffectiveVersion
+	Set(binaryVersion, emulationVersion, minCompatibilityVersion *version.Version)
+	SetEmulationVersion(emulationVersion *version.Version)
+	SetMinCompatibilityVersion(minCompatibilityVersion *version.Version)
+}
+
+type effectiveVersion struct {
+	binaryVersion atomic.Pointer[version.Version]
+	// If the emulationVersion is set by the users, it could only contain major and minor versions.
+	// In tests, emulationVersion could be the same as the binary version, or set directly,
+	// which can have "alpha" as pre-release to continue serving expired apis while we clean up the test.
+	emulationVersion atomic.Pointer[version.Version]
+	// minCompatibilityVersion could only contain major and minor versions.
+	minCompatibilityVersion atomic.Pointer[version.Version]
+}
+
+func (m *effectiveVersion) BinaryVersion() *version.Version {
+	return m.binaryVersion.Load()
+}
+
+func (m *effectiveVersion) EmulationVersion() *version.Version {
+	ver := m.emulationVersion.Load()
+	if ver != nil {
+		// Emulation version can have "alpha" as pre-release to continue serving expired apis while we clean up the test.
+		// The pre-release should not be accessible to the users.
+		return ver.WithPreRelease(m.BinaryVersion().PreRelease())
+	}
+	return ver
+}
+
+func (m *effectiveVersion) MinCompatibilityVersion() *version.Version {
+	return m.minCompatibilityVersion.Load()
+}
+
+func (m *effectiveVersion) EqualTo(other EffectiveVersion) bool {
+	return m.BinaryVersion().EqualTo(other.BinaryVersion()) && m.EmulationVersion().EqualTo(other.EmulationVersion()) && m.MinCompatibilityVersion().EqualTo(other.MinCompatibilityVersion())
+}
+
+func (m *effectiveVersion) String() string {
+	if m == nil {
+		return "<nil>"
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{BinaryVersion: %s, EmulationVersion: %s, MinCompatibilityVersion: %s}",
+		m.BinaryVersion().String(), m.EmulationVersion().String(), m.MinCompatibilityVersion().String())
+}
+
+func majorMinor(ver *version.Version) *version.Version {
+	if ver == nil {
+		return ver
+	}
+	return version.MajorMinor(ver.Major(), ver.Minor())
+}
+
+func (m *effectiveVersion) Set(binaryVersion, emulationVersion, minCompatibilityVersion *version.Version) {
+	m.binaryVersion.Store(binaryVersion)
+	m.emulationVersion.Store(majorMinor(emulationVersion))
+	m.minCompatibilityVersion.Store(majorMinor(minCompatibilityVersion))
+}
+
+func (m *effectiveVersion) SetEmulationVersion(emulationVersion *version.Version) {
+	m.emulationVersion.Store(majorMinor(emulationVersion))
+}
+
+func (m *effectiveVersion) SetMinCompatibilityVersion(minCompatibilityVersion *version.Version) {
+	m.minCompatibilityVersion.Store(majorMinor(minCompatibilityVersion))
+}
+
+func (m *effectiveVersion) Validate() []error {
+	var errs []error
+	// Validate only checks the major and minor versions.
+	binaryVersion := m.binaryVersion.Load().WithPatch(0)
+	emulationVersion := m.emulationVersion.Load()
+	minCompatibilityVersion := m.minCompatibilityVersion.Load()
+
+	// emulationVersion can only be 1.{binaryMinor-1}...1.{binaryMinor}.
+	maxEmuVer := binaryVersion
+	minEmuVer := binaryVersion.SubtractMinor(1)
+	if emulationVersion.GreaterThan(maxEmuVer) || emulationVersion.LessThan(minEmuVer) {
+		errs = append(errs, fmt.Errorf("emulation version %s is not between [%s, %s]", emulationVersion.String(), minEmuVer.String(), maxEmuVer.String()))
+	}
+	// minCompatibilityVersion can only be 1.{binaryMinor-1} for alpha.
+	maxCompVer := binaryVersion.SubtractMinor(1)
+	minCompVer := binaryVersion.SubtractMinor(1)
+	if minCompatibilityVersion.GreaterThan(maxCompVer) || minCompatibilityVersion.LessThan(minCompVer) {
+		errs = append(errs, fmt.Errorf("minCompatibilityVersion version %s is not between [%s, %s]", minCompatibilityVersion.String(), minCompVer.String(), maxCompVer.String()))
+	}
+	return errs
+}
+
+func newEffectiveVersion(binaryVersion *version.Version) MutableEffectiveVersion {
+	effective := &effectiveVersion{}
+	compatVersion := binaryVersion.SubtractMinor(1)
+	effective.Set(binaryVersion, binaryVersion, compatVersion)
+	return effective
+}
+
+func NewEffectiveVersion(binaryVer string) MutableEffectiveVersion {
+	if binaryVer == "" {
+		return &effectiveVersion{}
+	}
+	binaryVersion := version.MustParse(binaryVer)
+	return newEffectiveVersion(binaryVersion)
+}
+
+// DefaultBuildEffectiveVersion returns the MutableEffectiveVersion based on the
+// current build information.
+func DefaultBuildEffectiveVersion() MutableEffectiveVersion {
+	verInfo := baseversion.Get()
+	binaryVersion := version.MustParse(verInfo.String()).WithInfo(verInfo)
+	if binaryVersion.Major() == 0 && binaryVersion.Minor() == 0 {
+		return DefaultKubeEffectiveVersion()
+	}
+	return newEffectiveVersion(binaryVersion)
+}
+
+// DefaultKubeEffectiveVersion returns the MutableEffectiveVersion based on the
+// latest K8s release.
+func DefaultKubeEffectiveVersion() MutableEffectiveVersion {
+	binaryVersion := version.MustParse(baseversion.DefaultKubeBinaryVersion).WithInfo(baseversion.Get())
+	return newEffectiveVersion(binaryVersion)
+}

staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version/version_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2024 The Kubernetes Authors.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package version
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version"
+)
+
+func TestValidate(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name                    string
+		binaryVersion           string
+		emulationVersion        string
+		minCompatibilityVersion string
+		expectErrors            bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:                    "patch version diff ok",
+			binaryVersion:           "v1.32.2",
+			emulationVersion:        "v1.32.1",
+			minCompatibilityVersion: "v1.31.5",
+		},
+		{
+			name:                    "emulation version one minor lower than binary ok",
+			binaryVersion:           "v1.32.2",
+			emulationVersion:        "v1.31.0",
+			minCompatibilityVersion: "v1.31.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:                    "emulation version two minor lower than binary not ok",
+			binaryVersion:           "v1.33.2",
+			emulationVersion:        "v1.31.0",
+			minCompatibilityVersion: "v1.32.0",
+			expectErrors:            true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:                    "emulation version one minor higher than binary not ok",
+			binaryVersion:           "v1.32.2",
+			emulationVersion:        "v1.33.0",
+			minCompatibilityVersion: "v1.31.0",
+			expectErrors:            true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:                    "emulation version two minor higher than binary not ok",
+			binaryVersion:           "v1.32.2",
+			emulationVersion:        "v1.34.0",
+			minCompatibilityVersion: "v1.31.0",
+			expectErrors:            true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:                    "compatibility version same as binary not ok",
+			binaryVersion:           "v1.32.2",
+			emulationVersion:        "v1.32.0",
+			minCompatibilityVersion: "v1.32.0",
+			expectErrors:            true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:                    "compatibility version two minor lower than binary not ok",
+			binaryVersion:           "v1.32.2",
+			emulationVersion:        "v1.32.0",
+			minCompatibilityVersion: "v1.30.0",
+			expectErrors:            true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:                    "compatibility version one minor higher than binary not ok",
+			binaryVersion:           "v1.32.2",
+			emulationVersion:        "v1.32.0",
+			minCompatibilityVersion: "v1.33.0",
+			expectErrors:            true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			binaryVersion := version.MustParseGeneric(test.binaryVersion)
+			effective := &effectiveVersion{}
+			emulationVersion := version.MustParseGeneric(test.emulationVersion)
+			minCompatibilityVersion := version.MustParseGeneric(test.minCompatibilityVersion)
+			effective.Set(binaryVersion, emulationVersion, minCompatibilityVersion)
+
+			errs := effective.Validate()
+			if len(errs) > 0 && !test.expectErrors {
+				t.Errorf("expected no errors, errors found %+v", errs)
+			}
+
+			if len(errs) == 0 && test.expectErrors {
+				t.Errorf("expected errors, no errors found")
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

staging/src/k8s.io/component-base/cli/flag/colon_separated_multimap_string_string.go

@@ -33,8 +33,9 @@ import (
 // while still allowing the distribution of key-value pairs across multiple flag invocations.
 // For example: `--flag "a:hello" --flag "b:again" --flag "b:beautiful" --flag "c:world"` results in `{"a": ["hello"], "b": ["again", "beautiful"], "c": ["world"]}`
 type ColonSeparatedMultimapStringString struct {
-	Multimap    *map[string][]string
-	initialized bool // set to true after the first Set call
+	Multimap             *map[string][]string
+	initialized          bool // set to true after the first Set call
+	allowDefaultEmptyKey bool
 }
 
 // NewColonSeparatedMultimapStringString takes a pointer to a map[string][]string and returns the
@@ -43,6 +44,12 @@ func NewColonSeparatedMultimapStringString(m *map[string][]string) *ColonSeparat
 	return &ColonSeparatedMultimapStringString{Multimap: m}
 }
 
+// NewColonSeparatedMultimapStringStringAllowDefaultEmptyKey takes a pointer to a map[string][]string and returns the
+// ColonSeparatedMultimapStringString flag parsing shim for that map. It allows default empty key with no colon in the flag.
+func NewColonSeparatedMultimapStringStringAllowDefaultEmptyKey(m *map[string][]string) *ColonSeparatedMultimapStringString {
+	return &ColonSeparatedMultimapStringString{Multimap: m, allowDefaultEmptyKey: true}
+}
+
 // Set implements github.com/spf13/pflag.Value
 func (m *ColonSeparatedMultimapStringString) Set(value string) error {
 	if m.Multimap == nil {
@@ -58,11 +65,16 @@ func (m *ColonSeparatedMultimapStringString) Set(value string) error {
 			continue
 		}
 		kv := strings.SplitN(pair, ":", 2)
-		if len(kv) != 2 {
-			return fmt.Errorf("malformed pair, expect string:string")
+		var k, v string
+		if m.allowDefaultEmptyKey && len(kv) == 1 {
+			v = strings.TrimSpace(kv[0])
+		} else {
+			if len(kv) != 2 {
+				return fmt.Errorf("malformed pair, expect string:string")
+			}
+			k = strings.TrimSpace(kv[0])
+			v = strings.TrimSpace(kv[1])
 		}
-		k := strings.TrimSpace(kv[0])
-		v := strings.TrimSpace(kv[1])
 		(*m.Multimap)[k] = append((*m.Multimap)[k], v)
 	}
 	return nil

staging/src/k8s.io/component-base/cli/flag/colon_separated_multimap_string_string_test.go

@@ -98,6 +98,21 @@ func TestSetColonSeparatedMultimapStringString(t *testing.T) {
 			&ColonSeparatedMultimapStringString{
 				initialized: true,
 				Multimap:    &map[string][]string{}}, ""},
+		{"empty key no colon", []string{"foo"},
+			NewColonSeparatedMultimapStringString(&nilMap),
+			&ColonSeparatedMultimapStringString{
+				initialized: true,
+				Multimap: &map[string][]string{
+					"": {"foo"},
+				}}, "malformed pair, expect string:string"},
+		{"empty key no colon allowed", []string{"foo"},
+			NewColonSeparatedMultimapStringStringAllowDefaultEmptyKey(&nilMap),
+			&ColonSeparatedMultimapStringString{
+				initialized:          true,
+				allowDefaultEmptyKey: true,
+				Multimap: &map[string][]string{
+					"": {"foo"},
+				}}, ""},
 		{"empty key", []string{":foo"},
 			NewColonSeparatedMultimapStringString(&nilMap),
 			&ColonSeparatedMultimapStringString{

staging/src/k8s.io/component-base/featuregate/feature_gate.go

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package featuregate
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
 	"sort"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
@@ -27,8 +28,11 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
 
+	utilerrors "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/errors"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/naming"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version"
 	featuremetrics "k8s.io/component-base/metrics/prometheus/feature"
+	baseversion "k8s.io/component-base/version"
 	"k8s.io/klog/v2"
 )
 
@@ -52,13 +56,13 @@ const (
 
 var (
 	// The generic features.
-	defaultFeatures = map[Feature]FeatureSpec{
-		allAlphaGate: {Default: false, PreRelease: Alpha},
-		allBetaGate:  {Default: false, PreRelease: Beta},
+	defaultFeatures = map[Feature]VersionedSpecs{
+		allAlphaGate: {{Default: false, PreRelease: Alpha, Version: version.MajorMinor(0, 0)}},
+		allBetaGate:  {{Default: false, PreRelease: Beta, Version: version.MajorMinor(0, 0)}},
 	}
 
 	// Special handling for a few gates.
-	specialFeatures = map[Feature]func(known map[Feature]FeatureSpec, enabled map[Feature]bool, val bool){
+	specialFeatures = map[Feature]func(known map[Feature]VersionedSpecs, enabled map[Feature]bool, val bool, cVer *version.Version){
 		allAlphaGate: setUnsetAlphaGates,
 		allBetaGate:  setUnsetBetaGates,
 	}
@@ -69,13 +73,28 @@ type FeatureSpec struct {
 	Default bool
 	// LockToDefault indicates that the feature is locked to its default and cannot be changed
 	LockToDefault bool
-	// PreRelease indicates the maturity level of the feature
+	// PreRelease indicates the current maturity level of the feature
 	PreRelease prerelease
+	// Version indicates the earliest version from which this FeatureSpec is valid.
+	// If multiple FeatureSpecs exist for a Feature, the one with the highest version that is less
+	// than or equal to the effective version of the component is used.
+	Version *version.Version
 }
 
+type VersionedSpecs []FeatureSpec
+
+func (g VersionedSpecs) Len() int { return len(g) }
+func (g VersionedSpecs) Less(i, j int) bool {
+	return g[i].Version.LessThan(g[j].Version)
+}
+func (g VersionedSpecs) Swap(i, j int) { g[i], g[j] = g[j], g[i] }
+
+type PromotionVersionMapping map[prerelease]string
+
 type prerelease string
 
 const (
+	PreAlpha = prerelease("PRE-ALPHA")
 	// Values for PreRelease.
 	Alpha = prerelease("ALPHA")
 	Beta  = prerelease("BETA")
@@ -94,7 +113,12 @@ type FeatureGate interface {
 	// DeepCopy returns a deep copy of the FeatureGate object, such that gates can be
 	// set on the copy without mutating the original. This is useful for validating
 	// config against potential feature gate changes before committing those changes.
-	DeepCopy() MutableFeatureGate
+	DeepCopy() MutableVersionedFeatureGate
+	// CopyKnownFeatures returns a partial copy of the FeatureGate object, with all the known features and overrides.
+	// This is useful for creating a new instance of feature gate without inheriting all the enabled configurations of the base feature gate.
+	CopyKnownFeatures() MutableVersionedFeatureGate
+	// Validate checks if the flag gates are valid at the emulated version.
+	Validate() []error
 }
 
 // MutableFeatureGate parses and stores flag gates for known features from
@@ -104,6 +128,8 @@ type MutableFeatureGate interface {
 
 	// AddFlag adds a flag for setting global feature gates to the specified FlagSet.
 	AddFlag(fs *pflag.FlagSet)
+	// Close sets closed to true, and prevents subsequent calls to Add
+	Close()
 	// Set parses and stores flag gates for known features
 	// from a string like feature1=true,feature2=false,...
 	Set(value string) error
@@ -128,25 +154,73 @@ type MutableFeatureGate interface {
 	OverrideDefault(name Feature, override bool) error
 }
 
+// MutableVersionedFeatureGate parses and stores flag gates for known features from
+// a string like feature1=true,feature2=false,...
+// MutableVersionedFeatureGate sets options based on the emulated version of the featured gate.
+type MutableVersionedFeatureGate interface {
+	MutableFeatureGate
+	// EmulationVersion returns the version the feature gate is set to emulate.
+	// If set, the feature gate would enable/disable features based on
+	// feature availability and pre-release at the emulated version instead of the binary version.
+	EmulationVersion() *version.Version
+	// SetEmulationVersion overrides the emulationVersion of the feature gate.
+	// Otherwise, the emulationVersion will be the same as the binary version.
+	// If set, the feature defaults and availability will be as if the binary is at the emulated version.
+	SetEmulationVersion(emulationVersion *version.Version) error
+	// GetAll returns a copy of the map of known feature names to versioned feature specs.
+	GetAllVersioned() map[Feature]VersionedSpecs
+	// AddVersioned adds versioned feature specs to the featureGate.
+	AddVersioned(features map[Feature]VersionedSpecs) error
+	// OverrideDefaultAtVersion sets a local override for the registered default value of a named
+	// feature for the prerelease lifecycle the given version is at.
+	// If the feature has not been previously registered (e.g. by a call to Add),
+	// has a locked default, or if the gate has already registered itself with a FlagSet, a non-nil
+	// error is returned.
+	//
+	// When two or more components consume a common feature, one component can override its
+	// default at runtime in order to adopt new defaults before or after the other
+	// components. For example, a new feature can be evaluated with a limited blast radius by
+	// overriding its default to true for a limited number of components without simultaneously
+	// changing its default for all consuming components.
+	OverrideDefaultAtVersion(name Feature, override bool, ver *version.Version) error
+	// ExplicitlySet returns true if the feature value is explicitly set instead of
+	// being derived from the default values or special features.
+	ExplicitlySet(name Feature) bool
+	// ResetFeatureValueToDefault resets the value of the feature back to the default value.
+	ResetFeatureValueToDefault(name Feature) error
+}
+
 // featureGate implements FeatureGate as well as pflag.Value for flag parsing.
 type featureGate struct {
 	featureGateName string
 
-	special map[Feature]func(map[Feature]FeatureSpec, map[Feature]bool, bool)
+	special map[Feature]func(map[Feature]VersionedSpecs, map[Feature]bool, bool, *version.Version)
 
-	// lock guards writes to known, enabled, and reads/writes of closed
+	// lock guards writes to all below fields.
 	lock sync.Mutex
 	// known holds a map[Feature]FeatureSpec
 	known atomic.Value
 	// enabled holds a map[Feature]bool
 	enabled atomic.Value
+	// enabledRaw holds a raw map[string]bool of the parsed flag.
+	// It keeps the original values of "special" features like "all alpha gates",
+	// while enabled keeps the values of all resolved features.
+	enabledRaw atomic.Value
 	// closed is set to true when AddFlag is called, and prevents subsequent calls to Add
 	closed bool
+	// queriedFeatures stores all the features that have been queried through the Enabled interface.
+	// It is reset when SetEmulationVersion is called.
+	queriedFeatures  atomic.Value
+	emulationVersion atomic.Pointer[version.Version]
 }
 
-func setUnsetAlphaGates(known map[Feature]FeatureSpec, enabled map[Feature]bool, val bool) {
+func setUnsetAlphaGates(known map[Feature]VersionedSpecs, enabled map[Feature]bool, val bool, cVer *version.Version) {
 	for k, v := range known {
-		if v.PreRelease == Alpha {
+		if k == "AllAlpha" || k == "AllBeta" {
+			continue
+		}
+		featureSpec := featureSpecAtEmulationVersion(v, cVer)
+		if featureSpec.PreRelease == Alpha {
 			if _, found := enabled[k]; !found {
 				enabled[k] = val
 			}
@@ -154,9 +228,13 @@ func setUnsetAlphaGates(known map[Feature]FeatureSpec, enabled map[Feature]bool,
 	}
 }
 
-func setUnsetBetaGates(known map[Feature]FeatureSpec, enabled map[Feature]bool, val bool) {
+func setUnsetBetaGates(known map[Feature]VersionedSpecs, enabled map[Feature]bool, val bool, cVer *version.Version) {
 	for k, v := range known {
-		if v.PreRelease == Beta {
+		if k == "AllAlpha" || k == "AllBeta" {
+			continue
+		}
+		featureSpec := featureSpecAtEmulationVersion(v, cVer)
+		if featureSpec.PreRelease == Beta {
 			if _, found := enabled[k]; !found {
 				enabled[k] = val
 			}
@@ -171,8 +249,10 @@ var _ pflag.Value = &featureGate{}
 // call chains, so they'd be unhelpful as names.
 var internalPackages = []string{"k8s.io/component-base/featuregate/feature_gate.go"}
 
-func NewFeatureGate() *featureGate {
-	known := map[Feature]FeatureSpec{}
+// NewVersionedFeatureGate creates a feature gate with the emulation version set to the provided version.
+// SetEmulationVersion can be called after to change emulation version to a desired value.
+func NewVersionedFeatureGate(emulationVersion *version.Version) *featureGate {
+	known := map[Feature]VersionedSpecs{}
 	for k, v := range defaultFeatures {
 		known[k] = v
 	}
@@ -183,10 +263,19 @@ func NewFeatureGate() *featureGate {
 	}
 	f.known.Store(known)
 	f.enabled.Store(map[Feature]bool{})
-
+	f.enabledRaw.Store(map[string]bool{})
+	f.emulationVersion.Store(emulationVersion)
+	f.queriedFeatures.Store(map[Feature]struct{}{})
+	klog.V(1).Infof("new feature gate with emulationVersion=%s", f.emulationVersion.Load().String())
 	return f
 }
 
+// NewFeatureGate creates a feature gate with the current binary version.
+func NewFeatureGate() *featureGate {
+	binaryVersison := version.MustParse(baseversion.DefaultKubeBinaryVersion)
+	return NewVersionedFeatureGate(binaryVersison)
+}
+
 // Set parses a string of the form "key1=value1,key2=value2,..." into a
 // map[string]bool of known keys or returns an error.
 func (f *featureGate) Set(value string) error {
@@ -210,35 +299,52 @@ func (f *featureGate) Set(value string) error {
 	return f.SetFromMap(m)
 }
 
-// SetFromMap stores flag gates for known features from a map[string]bool or returns an error
-func (f *featureGate) SetFromMap(m map[string]bool) error {
+// Validate checks if the flag gates are valid at the emulated version.
+func (f *featureGate) Validate() []error {
 	f.lock.Lock()
 	defer f.lock.Unlock()
-
-	// Copy existing state
-	known := map[Feature]FeatureSpec{}
-	for k, v := range f.known.Load().(map[Feature]FeatureSpec) {
-		known[k] = v
+	m, ok := f.enabledRaw.Load().(map[string]bool)
+	if !ok {
+		return []error{fmt.Errorf("cannot cast enabledRaw to map[string]bool")}
 	}
 	enabled := map[Feature]bool{}
-	for k, v := range f.enabled.Load().(map[Feature]bool) {
-		enabled[k] = v
+	return f.unsafeSetFromMap(enabled, m, f.EmulationVersion())
+}
+
+// unsafeSetFromMap stores flag gates for known features from a map[string]bool into an enabled map.
+func (f *featureGate) unsafeSetFromMap(enabled map[Feature]bool, m map[string]bool, emulationVersion *version.Version) []error {
+	var errs []error
+	// Copy existing state
+	known := map[Feature]VersionedSpecs{}
+	for k, v := range f.known.Load().(map[Feature]VersionedSpecs) {
+		sort.Sort(v)
+		known[k] = v
 	}
 
 	for k, v := range m {
-		k := Feature(k)
-		featureSpec, ok := known[k]
+		key := Feature(k)
+		versionedSpecs, ok := known[key]
 		if !ok {
-			return fmt.Errorf("unrecognized feature gate: %s", k)
+			// early return if encounters an unknown feature.
+			errs = append(errs, fmt.Errorf("unrecognized feature gate: %s", k))
+			return errs
 		}
+		featureSpec := featureSpecAtEmulationVersion(versionedSpecs, emulationVersion)
 		if featureSpec.LockToDefault && featureSpec.Default != v {
-			return fmt.Errorf("cannot set feature gate %v to %v, feature is locked to %v", k, v, featureSpec.Default)
+			errs = append(errs, fmt.Errorf("cannot set feature gate %v to %v, feature is locked to %v", k, v, featureSpec.Default))
+			continue
 		}
-		enabled[k] = v
 		// Handle "special" features like "all alpha gates"
-		if fn, found := f.special[k]; found {
-			fn(known, enabled, v)
+		if fn, found := f.special[key]; found {
+			fn(known, enabled, v, emulationVersion)
+			enabled[key] = v
+			continue
 		}
+		if featureSpec.PreRelease == PreAlpha {
+			errs = append(errs, fmt.Errorf("cannot set feature gate %v to %v, feature is PreAlpha at emulated version %s", k, v, emulationVersion.String()))
+			continue
+		}
+		enabled[key] = v
 
 		if featureSpec.PreRelease == Deprecated {
 			klog.Warningf("Setting deprecated feature gate %s=%t. It will be removed in a future release.", k, v)
@@ -246,13 +352,39 @@ func (f *featureGate) SetFromMap(m map[string]bool) error {
 			klog.Warningf("Setting GA feature gate %s=%t. It will be removed in a future release.", k, v)
 		}
 	}
+	return errs
+}
 
-	// Persist changes
-	f.known.Store(known)
-	f.enabled.Store(enabled)
+// SetFromMap stores flag gates for known features from a map[string]bool or returns an error
+func (f *featureGate) SetFromMap(m map[string]bool) error {
+	f.lock.Lock()
+	defer f.lock.Unlock()
 
-	klog.V(1).Infof("feature gates: %v", f.enabled)
-	return nil
+	// Copy existing state
+	enabled := map[Feature]bool{}
+	for k, v := range f.enabled.Load().(map[Feature]bool) {
+		enabled[k] = v
+	}
+	enabledRaw := map[string]bool{}
+	for k, v := range f.enabledRaw.Load().(map[string]bool) {
+		enabledRaw[k] = v
+	}
+
+	// Update enabledRaw first.
+	// SetFromMap might be called when emulationVersion is not finalized yet, and we do not know the final state of enabled.
+	// But the flags still need to be saved.
+	for k, v := range m {
+		enabledRaw[k] = v
+	}
+	f.enabledRaw.Store(enabledRaw)
+
+	errs := f.unsafeSetFromMap(enabled, enabledRaw, f.EmulationVersion())
+	if len(errs) == 0 {
+		// Persist changes
+		f.enabled.Store(enabled)
+		klog.V(1).Infof("feature gates: %v", f.enabled)
+	}
+	return utilerrors.NewAggregate(errs)
 }
 
 // String returns a string containing all enabled feature gates, formatted as "key1=value1,key2=value2,...".
@@ -271,6 +403,17 @@ func (f *featureGate) Type() string {
 
 // Add adds features to the featureGate.
 func (f *featureGate) Add(features map[Feature]FeatureSpec) error {
+	vs := map[Feature]VersionedSpecs{}
+	for name, spec := range features {
+		// if no version is provided for the FeatureSpec, it is defaulted to version 0.0 so that it can be enabled/disabled regardless of emulation version.
+		spec.Version = version.MajorMinor(0, 0)
+		vs[name] = VersionedSpecs{spec}
+	}
+	return f.AddVersioned(vs)
+}
+
+// AddVersioned adds versioned feature specs to the featureGate.
+func (f *featureGate) AddVersioned(features map[Feature]VersionedSpecs) error {
 	f.lock.Lock()
 	defer f.lock.Unlock()
 
@@ -279,20 +422,21 @@ func (f *featureGate) Add(features map[Feature]FeatureSpec) error {
 	}
 
 	// Copy existing state
-	known := map[Feature]FeatureSpec{}
-	for k, v := range f.known.Load().(map[Feature]FeatureSpec) {
+	known := map[Feature]VersionedSpecs{}
+	for k, v := range f.known.Load().(map[Feature]VersionedSpecs) {
 		known[k] = v
 	}
 
-	for name, spec := range features {
+	for name, specs := range features {
+		sort.Sort(specs)
 		if existingSpec, found := known[name]; found {
-			if existingSpec == spec {
+			sort.Sort(existingSpec)
+			if reflect.DeepEqual(existingSpec, specs) {
 				continue
 			}
 			return fmt.Errorf("feature gate %q with different spec already exists: %v", name, existingSpec)
 		}
-
-		known[name] = spec
+		known[name] = specs
 	}
 
 	// Persist updated state
@@ -302,6 +446,10 @@ func (f *featureGate) Add(features map[Feature]FeatureSpec) error {
 }
 
 func (f *featureGate) OverrideDefault(name Feature, override bool) error {
+	return f.OverrideDefaultAtVersion(name, override, f.EmulationVersion())
+}
+
+func (f *featureGate) OverrideDefaultAtVersion(name Feature, override bool, ver *version.Version) error {
 	f.lock.Lock()
 	defer f.lock.Unlock()
 
@@ -309,17 +457,22 @@ func (f *featureGate) OverrideDefault(name Feature, override bool) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("cannot override default for feature %q: gates already added to a flag set", name)
 	}
 
-	known := map[Feature]FeatureSpec{}
-	for name, spec := range f.known.Load().(map[Feature]FeatureSpec) {
-		known[name] = spec
+	known := map[Feature]VersionedSpecs{}
+	for k, v := range f.known.Load().(map[Feature]VersionedSpecs) {
+		sort.Sort(v)
+		known[k] = v
 	}
 
-	spec, ok := known[name]
-	switch {
-	case !ok:
+	specs, ok := known[name]
+	if !ok {
 		return fmt.Errorf("cannot override default: feature %q is not registered", name)
+	}
+	spec := featureSpecAtEmulationVersion(specs, ver)
+	switch {
 	case spec.LockToDefault:
 		return fmt.Errorf("cannot override default: feature %q default is locked to %t", name, spec.Default)
+	case spec.PreRelease == PreAlpha:
+		return fmt.Errorf("cannot override default: feature %q is not available before version %s", name, ver.String())
 	case spec.PreRelease == Deprecated:
 		klog.Warningf("Overriding default of deprecated feature gate %s=%t. It will be removed in a future release.", name, override)
 	case spec.PreRelease == GA:
@@ -327,42 +480,154 @@ func (f *featureGate) OverrideDefault(name Feature, override bool) error {
 	}
 
 	spec.Default = override
-	known[name] = spec
+	known[name] = specs
 	f.known.Store(known)
 
 	return nil
 }
 
-// GetAll returns a copy of the map of known feature names to feature specs.
+// GetAll returns a copy of the map of known feature names to feature specs for the current emulationVersion.
 func (f *featureGate) GetAll() map[Feature]FeatureSpec {
 	retval := map[Feature]FeatureSpec{}
-	for k, v := range f.known.Load().(map[Feature]FeatureSpec) {
+	f.lock.Lock()
+	versionedSpecs := f.GetAllVersioned()
+	emuVer := f.EmulationVersion()
+	f.lock.Unlock()
+	for k, v := range versionedSpecs {
+		spec := featureSpecAtEmulationVersion(v, emuVer)
+		if spec.PreRelease == PreAlpha {
+			// The feature is not available at the emulation version.
+			continue
+		}
+		retval[k] = *spec
+	}
+	return retval
+}
+
+// GetAllVersioned returns a copy of the map of known feature names to versioned feature specs.
+func (f *featureGate) GetAllVersioned() map[Feature]VersionedSpecs {
+	retval := map[Feature]VersionedSpecs{}
+	for k, v := range f.known.Load().(map[Feature]VersionedSpecs) {
 		retval[k] = v
 	}
 	return retval
 }
 
-// Enabled returns true if the key is enabled.  If the key is not known, this call will panic.
-func (f *featureGate) Enabled(key Feature) bool {
-	if v, ok := f.enabled.Load().(map[Feature]bool)[key]; ok {
-		return v
+func (f *featureGate) SetEmulationVersion(emulationVersion *version.Version) error {
+	if emulationVersion.EqualTo(f.EmulationVersion()) {
+		return nil
 	}
-	if v, ok := f.known.Load().(map[Feature]FeatureSpec)[key]; ok {
-		return v.Default
+	f.lock.Lock()
+	defer f.lock.Unlock()
+	klog.V(1).Infof("set feature gate emulationVersion to %s", emulationVersion.String())
+
+	// Copy existing state
+	enabledRaw := map[string]bool{}
+	for k, v := range f.enabledRaw.Load().(map[string]bool) {
+		enabledRaw[k] = v
+	}
+	// enabled map should be reset whenever emulationVersion is changed.
+	enabled := map[Feature]bool{}
+	errs := f.unsafeSetFromMap(enabled, enabledRaw, emulationVersion)
+
+	queriedFeatures := f.queriedFeatures.Load().(map[Feature]struct{})
+	known := f.known.Load().(map[Feature]VersionedSpecs)
+	for feature := range queriedFeatures {
+		newVal := featureEnabled(feature, enabled, known, emulationVersion)
+		oldVal := featureEnabled(feature, f.enabled.Load().(map[Feature]bool), known, f.EmulationVersion())
+		if newVal != oldVal {
+			klog.Warningf("SetEmulationVersion will change already queried feature:%s from %v to %v", feature, oldVal, newVal)
+		}
 	}
 
-	panic(fmt.Errorf("feature %q is not registered in FeatureGate %q", key, f.featureGateName))
+	if len(errs) == 0 {
+		// Persist changes
+		f.enabled.Store(enabled)
+		f.emulationVersion.Store(emulationVersion)
+		f.queriedFeatures.Store(map[Feature]struct{}{})
+	}
+	return utilerrors.NewAggregate(errs)
+}
+
+func (f *featureGate) EmulationVersion() *version.Version {
+	return f.emulationVersion.Load()
+}
+
+// featureSpec returns the featureSpec at the EmulationVersion if the key exists, an error otherwise.
+// This is useful to keep multiple implementations of a feature based on the PreRelease or Version info.
+func (f *featureGate) featureSpec(key Feature) (FeatureSpec, error) {
+	if v, ok := f.known.Load().(map[Feature]VersionedSpecs)[key]; ok {
+		featureSpec := f.featureSpecAtEmulationVersion(v)
+		return *featureSpec, nil
+	}
+	return FeatureSpec{}, fmt.Errorf("feature %q is not registered in FeatureGate %q", key, f.featureGateName)
+}
+
+func (f *featureGate) unsafeRecordQueried(key Feature) {
+	queriedFeatures := map[Feature]struct{}{}
+	for k := range f.queriedFeatures.Load().(map[Feature]struct{}) {
+		queriedFeatures[k] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	if _, ok := queriedFeatures[key]; ok {
+		return
+	}
+	queriedFeatures[key] = struct{}{}
+	f.queriedFeatures.Store(queriedFeatures)
+}
+
+func featureEnabled(key Feature, enabled map[Feature]bool, known map[Feature]VersionedSpecs, emulationVersion *version.Version) bool {
+	// check explicitly set enabled list
+	if v, ok := enabled[key]; ok {
+		return v
+	}
+	if v, ok := known[key]; ok {
+		return featureSpecAtEmulationVersion(v, emulationVersion).Default
+	}
+
+	panic(fmt.Errorf("feature %q is not registered in FeatureGate", key))
+}
+
+// Enabled returns true if the key is enabled.  If the key is not known, this call will panic.
+func (f *featureGate) Enabled(key Feature) bool {
+	// TODO: ideally we should lock the feature gate in this call to be safe, need to evaluate how much performance impact locking would have.
+	v := featureEnabled(key, f.enabled.Load().(map[Feature]bool), f.known.Load().(map[Feature]VersionedSpecs), f.EmulationVersion())
+	f.unsafeRecordQueried(key)
+	return v
+}
+
+func (f *featureGate) featureSpecAtEmulationVersion(v VersionedSpecs) *FeatureSpec {
+	return featureSpecAtEmulationVersion(v, f.EmulationVersion())
+}
+
+func featureSpecAtEmulationVersion(v VersionedSpecs, emulationVersion *version.Version) *FeatureSpec {
+	i := len(v) - 1
+	for ; i >= 0; i-- {
+		if v[i].Version.GreaterThan(emulationVersion) {
+			continue
+		}
+		return &v[i]
+	}
+	return &FeatureSpec{
+		Default:    false,
+		PreRelease: PreAlpha,
+		Version:    version.MajorMinor(0, 0),
+	}
+}
+
+// Close sets closed to true, and prevents subsequent calls to Add
+func (f *featureGate) Close() {
+	f.lock.Lock()
+	f.closed = true
+	f.lock.Unlock()
 }
 
 // AddFlag adds a flag for setting global feature gates to the specified FlagSet.
 func (f *featureGate) AddFlag(fs *pflag.FlagSet) {
-	f.lock.Lock()
 	// TODO(mtaufen): Shouldn't we just close it on the first Set/SetFromMap instead?
 	// Not all components expose a feature gates flag using this AddFlag method, and
 	// in the future, all components will completely stop exposing a feature gates flag,
 	// in favor of componentconfig.
-	f.closed = true
-	f.lock.Unlock()
+	f.Close()
 
 	known := f.KnownFeatures()
 	fs.Var(f, flagName, ""+
@@ -377,32 +642,52 @@ func (f *featureGate) AddMetrics() {
 }
 
 // KnownFeatures returns a slice of strings describing the FeatureGate's known features.
-// Deprecated and GA features are hidden from the list.
+// preAlpha, Deprecated and GA features are hidden from the list.
 func (f *featureGate) KnownFeatures() []string {
 	var known []string
-	for k, v := range f.known.Load().(map[Feature]FeatureSpec) {
-		if v.PreRelease == GA || v.PreRelease == Deprecated {
+	for k, v := range f.known.Load().(map[Feature]VersionedSpecs) {
+		if k == "AllAlpha" || k == "AllBeta" {
+			known = append(known, fmt.Sprintf("%s=true|false (%s - default=%t)", k, v[0].PreRelease, v[0].Default))
 			continue
 		}
-		known = append(known, fmt.Sprintf("%s=true|false (%s - default=%t)", k, v.PreRelease, v.Default))
+		featureSpec := f.featureSpecAtEmulationVersion(v)
+		if featureSpec.PreRelease == GA || featureSpec.PreRelease == Deprecated || featureSpec.PreRelease == PreAlpha {
+			continue
+		}
+		known = append(known, fmt.Sprintf("%s=true|false (%s - default=%t)", k, featureSpec.PreRelease, featureSpec.Default))
 	}
 	sort.Strings(known)
 	return known
 }
 
+// CopyKnownFeatures returns a partial copy of the FeatureGate object, with all the known features and overrides.
+// This is useful for creating a new instance of feature gate without inheriting all the enabled configurations of the base feature gate.
+func (f *featureGate) CopyKnownFeatures() MutableVersionedFeatureGate {
+	fg := NewVersionedFeatureGate(f.EmulationVersion())
+	known := f.GetAllVersioned()
+	fg.known.Store(known)
+	return fg
+}
+
 // DeepCopy returns a deep copy of the FeatureGate object, such that gates can be
 // set on the copy without mutating the original. This is useful for validating
 // config against potential feature gate changes before committing those changes.
-func (f *featureGate) DeepCopy() MutableFeatureGate {
+func (f *featureGate) DeepCopy() MutableVersionedFeatureGate {
+	f.lock.Lock()
+	defer f.lock.Unlock()
 	// Copy existing state.
-	known := map[Feature]FeatureSpec{}
-	for k, v := range f.known.Load().(map[Feature]FeatureSpec) {
+	known := map[Feature]VersionedSpecs{}
+	for k, v := range f.known.Load().(map[Feature]VersionedSpecs) {
 		known[k] = v
 	}
 	enabled := map[Feature]bool{}
 	for k, v := range f.enabled.Load().(map[Feature]bool) {
 		enabled[k] = v
 	}
+	enabledRaw := map[string]bool{}
+	for k, v := range f.enabledRaw.Load().(map[string]bool) {
+		enabledRaw[k] = v
+	}
 
 	// Construct a new featureGate around the copied state.
 	// Note that specialFeatures is treated as immutable by convention,
@@ -411,9 +696,48 @@ func (f *featureGate) DeepCopy() MutableFeatureGate {
 		special: specialFeatures,
 		closed:  f.closed,
 	}
-
+	fg.emulationVersion.Store(f.EmulationVersion())
 	fg.known.Store(known)
 	fg.enabled.Store(enabled)
-
+	fg.enabledRaw.Store(enabledRaw)
+	fg.queriedFeatures.Store(map[Feature]struct{}{})
 	return fg
 }
+
+// ExplicitlySet returns true if the feature value is explicitly set instead of
+// being derived from the default values or special features.
+func (f *featureGate) ExplicitlySet(name Feature) bool {
+	enabledRaw := f.enabledRaw.Load().(map[string]bool)
+	_, ok := enabledRaw[string(name)]
+	return ok
+}
+
+// ResetFeatureValueToDefault resets the value of the feature back to the default value.
+func (f *featureGate) ResetFeatureValueToDefault(name Feature) error {
+	f.lock.Lock()
+	defer f.lock.Unlock()
+	enabled := map[Feature]bool{}
+	for k, v := range f.enabled.Load().(map[Feature]bool) {
+		enabled[k] = v
+	}
+	enabledRaw := map[string]bool{}
+	for k, v := range f.enabledRaw.Load().(map[string]bool) {
+		enabledRaw[k] = v
+	}
+	_, inEnabled := enabled[name]
+	if inEnabled {
+		delete(enabled, name)
+	}
+	_, inEnabledRaw := enabledRaw[string(name)]
+	if inEnabledRaw {
+		delete(enabledRaw, string(name))
+	}
+	// some features could be in enabled map but not enabledRaw map,
+	// for example some Alpha feature when AllAlpha is set.
+	if inEnabledRaw && !inEnabled {
+		return fmt.Errorf("feature:%s was explicitly set, but not in enabled map", name)
+	}
+	f.enabled.Store(enabled)
+	f.enabledRaw.Store(enabledRaw)
+	return nil
+}

staging/src/k8s.io/component-base/featuregate/testing/feature_gate.go

@@ -20,14 +20,16 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
-	"testing"
 
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/component-base/featuregate"
 )
 
 var (
-	overrideLock        sync.Mutex
-	featureFlagOverride map[featuregate.Feature]string
+	overrideLock                  sync.Mutex
+	featureFlagOverride           map[featuregate.Feature]string
+	emulationVersionOverride      string
+	emulationVersionOverrideValue *version.Version
 )
 
 func init() {
@@ -42,10 +44,12 @@ func init() {
 // Example use:
 //
 // featuregatetesting.SetFeatureGateDuringTest(t, utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate, features.<FeatureName>, true)
-func SetFeatureGateDuringTest(tb testing.TB, gate featuregate.FeatureGate, f featuregate.Feature, value bool) {
+func SetFeatureGateDuringTest(tb TB, gate featuregate.FeatureGate, f featuregate.Feature, value bool) {
 	tb.Helper()
 	detectParallelOverrideCleanup := detectParallelOverride(tb, f)
 	originalValue := gate.Enabled(f)
+	originalEmuVer := gate.(featuregate.MutableVersionedFeatureGate).EmulationVersion()
+	originalExplicitlySet := gate.(featuregate.MutableVersionedFeatureGate).ExplicitlySet(f)
 
 	// Specially handle AllAlpha and AllBeta
 	if f == "AllAlpha" || f == "AllBeta" {
@@ -67,13 +71,46 @@ func SetFeatureGateDuringTest(tb testing.TB, gate featuregate.FeatureGate, f fea
 	tb.Cleanup(func() {
 		tb.Helper()
 		detectParallelOverrideCleanup()
-		if err := gate.(featuregate.MutableFeatureGate).Set(fmt.Sprintf("%s=%v", f, originalValue)); err != nil {
-			tb.Errorf("error restoring %s=%v: %v", f, originalValue, err)
+		emuVer := gate.(featuregate.MutableVersionedFeatureGate).EmulationVersion()
+		if !emuVer.EqualTo(originalEmuVer) {
+			tb.Fatalf("change of feature gate emulation version from %s to %s in the chain of SetFeatureGateDuringTest is not allowed\nuse SetFeatureGateEmulationVersionDuringTest to change emulation version in tests",
+				originalEmuVer.String(), emuVer.String())
+		}
+		if originalExplicitlySet {
+			if err := gate.(featuregate.MutableFeatureGate).Set(fmt.Sprintf("%s=%v", f, originalValue)); err != nil {
+				tb.Errorf("error restoring %s=%v: %v", f, originalValue, err)
+			}
+		} else {
+			if err := gate.(featuregate.MutableVersionedFeatureGate).ResetFeatureValueToDefault(f); err != nil {
+				tb.Errorf("error restoring %s=%v: %v", f, originalValue, err)
+			}
 		}
 	})
 }
 
-func detectParallelOverride(tb testing.TB, f featuregate.Feature) func() {
+// SetFeatureGateEmulationVersionDuringTest sets the specified gate to the specified emulation version for duration of the test.
+// Fails when it detects second call to set a different emulation version or is unable to set or restore emulation version.
+// WARNING: Can leak set variable when called in test calling t.Parallel(), however second attempt to set a different emulation version will cause fatal.
+// Example use:
+
+// featuregatetesting.SetFeatureGateEmulationVersionDuringTest(t, utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate, version.MustParse("1.31"))
+func SetFeatureGateEmulationVersionDuringTest(tb TB, gate featuregate.FeatureGate, ver *version.Version) {
+	tb.Helper()
+	detectParallelOverrideCleanup := detectParallelOverrideEmulationVersion(tb, ver)
+	originalEmuVer := gate.(featuregate.MutableVersionedFeatureGate).EmulationVersion()
+	if err := gate.(featuregate.MutableVersionedFeatureGate).SetEmulationVersion(ver); err != nil {
+		tb.Fatalf("failed to set emulation version to %s during test", ver.String())
+	}
+	tb.Cleanup(func() {
+		tb.Helper()
+		detectParallelOverrideCleanup()
+		if err := gate.(featuregate.MutableVersionedFeatureGate).SetEmulationVersion(originalEmuVer); err != nil {
+			tb.Fatalf("failed to restore emulation version to %s during test", originalEmuVer.String())
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func detectParallelOverride(tb TB, f featuregate.Feature) func() {
 	tb.Helper()
 	overrideLock.Lock()
 	defer overrideLock.Unlock()
@@ -94,7 +131,44 @@ func detectParallelOverride(tb testing.TB, f featuregate.Feature) func() {
 	}
 }
 
-func sameTestOrSubtest(tb testing.TB, testName string) bool {
+func detectParallelOverrideEmulationVersion(tb TB, ver *version.Version) func() {
+	tb.Helper()
+	overrideLock.Lock()
+	defer overrideLock.Unlock()
+	beforeOverrideTestName := emulationVersionOverride
+	beforeOverrideValue := emulationVersionOverrideValue
+	if ver.EqualTo(beforeOverrideValue) {
+		return func() {}
+	}
+	if beforeOverrideTestName != "" && !sameTestOrSubtest(tb, beforeOverrideTestName) {
+		tb.Fatalf("Detected parallel setting of a feature gate emulation version by both %q and %q", beforeOverrideTestName, tb.Name())
+	}
+	emulationVersionOverride = tb.Name()
+	emulationVersionOverrideValue = ver
+
+	return func() {
+		tb.Helper()
+		overrideLock.Lock()
+		defer overrideLock.Unlock()
+		if afterOverrideTestName := emulationVersionOverride; afterOverrideTestName != tb.Name() {
+			tb.Fatalf("Detected parallel setting of a feature gate emulation version between both %q and %q", afterOverrideTestName, tb.Name())
+		}
+		emulationVersionOverride = beforeOverrideTestName
+		emulationVersionOverrideValue = beforeOverrideValue
+	}
+}
+
+func sameTestOrSubtest(tb TB, testName string) bool {
 	// Assumes that "/" is not used in test names.
 	return tb.Name() == testName || strings.HasPrefix(tb.Name(), testName+"/")
 }
+
+type TB interface {
+	Cleanup(func())
+	Error(args ...any)
+	Errorf(format string, args ...any)
+	Fatal(args ...any)
+	Fatalf(format string, args ...any)
+	Helper()
+	Name() string
+}

staging/src/k8s.io/component-base/featuregate/testing/feature_gate_test.go

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/component-base/featuregate"
 )
 
@@ -71,6 +72,7 @@ func TestSpecialGates(t *gotest.T) {
 	expect(t, gate, before)
 	t.Cleanup(func() {
 		expect(t, gate, before)
+		cleanup()
 	})
 
 	SetFeatureGateDuringTest(t, gate, "AllAlpha", true)
@@ -156,10 +158,107 @@ func TestSetFeatureGateInTest(t *gotest.T) {
 	assert.True(t, gate.Enabled("feature"))
 }
 
-func TestDetectLeakToMainTest(t *gotest.T) {
-	t.Cleanup(func() {
-		featureFlagOverride = map[featuregate.Feature]string{}
+func TestSpecialGatesVersioned(t *gotest.T) {
+	originalEmulationVersion := version.MustParse("1.31")
+	gate := featuregate.NewVersionedFeatureGate(originalEmulationVersion)
+
+	err := gate.AddVersioned(map[featuregate.Feature]featuregate.VersionedSpecs{
+		"alpha_default_on": {
+			{Version: version.MustParse("1.27"), Default: true, PreRelease: featuregate.Alpha},
+		},
+		"alpha_default_off": {
+			{Version: version.MustParse("1.27"), Default: false, PreRelease: featuregate.Alpha},
+		},
+		"beta_default_on": {
+			{Version: version.MustParse("1.31"), Default: true, PreRelease: featuregate.Beta},
+		},
+		"beta_default_on_set_off": {
+			{Version: version.MustParse("1.31"), Default: true, PreRelease: featuregate.Beta},
+			{Version: version.MustParse("1.27"), Default: false, PreRelease: featuregate.Alpha},
+		},
+		"beta_default_off": {
+			{Version: version.MustParse("1.27"), Default: false, PreRelease: featuregate.Beta},
+		},
+		"beta_default_off_set_on": {
+			{Version: version.MustParse("1.31"), Default: false, PreRelease: featuregate.Beta},
+			{Version: version.MustParse("1.27"), Default: false, PreRelease: featuregate.Alpha},
+		},
 	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	require.NoError(t, gate.Set("beta_default_on_set_off=false"))
+	require.NoError(t, gate.Set("beta_default_off_set_on=true"))
+
+	before := map[featuregate.Feature]bool{
+		"AllAlpha": false,
+		"AllBeta":  false,
+
+		"alpha_default_on":  true,
+		"alpha_default_off": false,
+
+		"beta_default_on":         true,
+		"beta_default_on_set_off": false,
+		"beta_default_off":        false,
+		"beta_default_off_set_on": true,
+	}
+	expect(t, gate, before)
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		expect(t, gate, before)
+		cleanup()
+	})
+
+	t.Run("OverwriteInSubtest", func(t *gotest.T) {
+		SetFeatureGateDuringTest(t, gate, "AllAlpha", true)
+		expect(t, gate, map[featuregate.Feature]bool{
+			"AllAlpha": true,
+			"AllBeta":  false,
+
+			"alpha_default_on":  true,
+			"alpha_default_off": true,
+
+			"beta_default_on":         true,
+			"beta_default_on_set_off": false,
+			"beta_default_off":        false,
+			"beta_default_off_set_on": true,
+		})
+
+		SetFeatureGateDuringTest(t, gate, "AllBeta", true)
+		expect(t, gate, map[featuregate.Feature]bool{
+			"AllAlpha": true,
+			"AllBeta":  true,
+
+			"alpha_default_on":  true,
+			"alpha_default_off": true,
+
+			"beta_default_on":         true,
+			"beta_default_on_set_off": true,
+			"beta_default_off":        true,
+			"beta_default_off_set_on": true,
+		})
+	})
+	expect(t, gate, before)
+
+	t.Run("OverwriteInSubtestAtDifferentVersion", func(t *gotest.T) {
+		SetFeatureGateEmulationVersionDuringTest(t, gate, version.MustParse("1.28"))
+		SetFeatureGateDuringTest(t, gate, "AllAlpha", true)
+		expect(t, gate, map[featuregate.Feature]bool{
+			"AllAlpha": true,
+			"AllBeta":  false,
+
+			"alpha_default_on":  true,
+			"alpha_default_off": true,
+
+			"beta_default_on":         false,
+			"beta_default_on_set_off": true,
+			"beta_default_off":        false,
+			"beta_default_off_set_on": true,
+		})
+	})
+
+}
+
+func TestDetectLeakToMainTest(t *gotest.T) {
+	t.Cleanup(cleanup)
 	gate := featuregate.NewFeatureGate()
 	err := gate.Add(map[featuregate.Feature]featuregate.FeatureSpec{
 		"feature": {PreRelease: featuregate.Alpha, Default: false},
@@ -183,9 +282,7 @@ func TestDetectLeakToMainTest(t *gotest.T) {
 }
 
 func TestDetectLeakToOtherSubtest(t *gotest.T) {
-	t.Cleanup(func() {
-		featureFlagOverride = map[featuregate.Feature]string{}
-	})
+	t.Cleanup(cleanup)
 	gate := featuregate.NewFeatureGate()
 	err := gate.Add(map[featuregate.Feature]featuregate.FeatureSpec{
 		"feature": {PreRelease: featuregate.Alpha, Default: false},
@@ -211,9 +308,7 @@ func TestDetectLeakToOtherSubtest(t *gotest.T) {
 }
 
 func TestCannotDetectLeakFromSubtest(t *gotest.T) {
-	t.Cleanup(func() {
-		featureFlagOverride = map[featuregate.Feature]string{}
-	})
+	t.Cleanup(cleanup)
 	gate := featuregate.NewFeatureGate()
 	err := gate.Add(map[featuregate.Feature]featuregate.FeatureSpec{
 		"feature": {PreRelease: featuregate.Alpha, Default: false},
@@ -230,6 +325,107 @@ func TestCannotDetectLeakFromSubtest(t *gotest.T) {
 	assert.True(t, gate.Enabled("feature"))
 }
 
+func TestCannotDetectLeakFromTwoSubtestsWithDifferentFeatures(t *gotest.T) {
+	t.Cleanup(cleanup)
+	gate := featuregate.NewFeatureGate()
+	err := gate.Add(map[featuregate.Feature]featuregate.FeatureSpec{
+		"feature1": {PreRelease: featuregate.Alpha, Default: false},
+		"feature2": {PreRelease: featuregate.Alpha, Default: false},
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.False(t, gate.Enabled("feature1"))
+	assert.False(t, gate.Enabled("feature2"))
+	subtestName := "Subtest"
+	// Subtest setting feature gate and calling parallel will leak it out
+	t.Run(subtestName, func(t *gotest.T) {
+		SetFeatureGateDuringTest(t, gate, "feature1", true)
+		t.Parallel()
+		assert.True(t, gate.Enabled("feature1"))
+		assert.False(t, gate.Enabled("feature2"))
+	})
+	// Leaked true
+	assert.True(t, gate.Enabled("feature1"))
+	assert.False(t, gate.Enabled("feature2"))
+	// Add suffix to name to prevent tests with the same prefix.
+	t.Run(subtestName+"Suffix", func(t *gotest.T) {
+		// Leaked true
+		assert.True(t, gate.Enabled("feature1"))
+		assert.False(t, gate.Enabled("feature2"))
+		SetFeatureGateDuringTest(t, gate, "feature2", true)
+		assert.True(t, gate.Enabled("feature1"))
+		assert.True(t, gate.Enabled("feature2"))
+	})
+}
+
+func TestDetectEmulationVersionLeakToMainTest(t *gotest.T) {
+	t.Cleanup(cleanup)
+	originalEmulationVersion := version.MustParse("1.31")
+	newEmulationVersion := version.MustParse("1.30")
+	gate := featuregate.NewVersionedFeatureGate(originalEmulationVersion)
+	assert.True(t, gate.EmulationVersion().EqualTo(originalEmulationVersion))
+
+	// Subtest setting feature gate and calling parallel will leak it out
+	t.Run("LeakingSubtest", func(t *gotest.T) {
+		fakeT := &ignoreFatalT{T: t}
+		SetFeatureGateEmulationVersionDuringTest(fakeT, gate, newEmulationVersion)
+		// Calling t.Parallel in subtest will resume the main test body
+		t.Parallel()
+		// Leaked from main test
+		assert.True(t, gate.EmulationVersion().EqualTo(originalEmulationVersion))
+	})
+	// Leaked from subtest
+	assert.True(t, gate.EmulationVersion().EqualTo(newEmulationVersion))
+	fakeT := &ignoreFatalT{T: t}
+	SetFeatureGateEmulationVersionDuringTest(fakeT, gate, originalEmulationVersion)
+	assert.True(t, fakeT.fatalRecorded)
+}
+
+func TestNoLeakFromSameEmulationVersionToMainTest(t *gotest.T) {
+	t.Cleanup(cleanup)
+	originalEmulationVersion := version.MustParse("1.31")
+	newEmulationVersion := version.MustParse("1.31")
+	gate := featuregate.NewVersionedFeatureGate(originalEmulationVersion)
+	assert.True(t, gate.EmulationVersion().EqualTo(originalEmulationVersion))
+
+	// Subtest setting feature gate and calling parallel will leak it out
+	t.Run("LeakingSubtest", func(t *gotest.T) {
+		SetFeatureGateEmulationVersionDuringTest(t, gate, newEmulationVersion)
+		// Calling t.Parallel in subtest will resume the main test body
+		t.Parallel()
+		// Leaked from main test
+		assert.True(t, gate.EmulationVersion().EqualTo(originalEmulationVersion))
+	})
+	// Leaked from subtest
+	assert.True(t, gate.EmulationVersion().EqualTo(newEmulationVersion))
+	SetFeatureGateEmulationVersionDuringTest(t, gate, originalEmulationVersion)
+}
+
+func TestDetectEmulationVersionLeakToOtherSubtest(t *gotest.T) {
+	t.Cleanup(cleanup)
+	originalEmulationVersion := version.MustParse("1.31")
+	newEmulationVersion := version.MustParse("1.30")
+	gate := featuregate.NewVersionedFeatureGate(originalEmulationVersion)
+	assert.True(t, gate.EmulationVersion().EqualTo(originalEmulationVersion))
+
+	subtestName := "Subtest"
+	// Subtest setting feature gate and calling parallel will leak it out
+	t.Run(subtestName, func(t *gotest.T) {
+		fakeT := &ignoreFatalT{T: t}
+		SetFeatureGateEmulationVersionDuringTest(fakeT, gate, newEmulationVersion)
+		t.Parallel()
+	})
+	// Add suffix to name to prevent tests with the same prefix.
+	t.Run(subtestName+"Suffix", func(t *gotest.T) {
+		// Leaked newEmulationVersion
+		assert.True(t, gate.EmulationVersion().EqualTo(newEmulationVersion))
+
+		fakeT := &ignoreFatalT{T: t}
+		SetFeatureGateEmulationVersionDuringTest(fakeT, gate, originalEmulationVersion)
+		assert.True(t, fakeT.fatalRecorded)
+	})
+}
+
 type ignoreFatalT struct {
 	*gotest.T
 	fatalRecorded bool
@@ -248,3 +444,9 @@ func (f *ignoreFatalT) Fatalf(format string, args ...any) {
 	f.fatalRecorded = true
 	f.T.Logf("[IGNORED] "+format, args...)
 }
+
+func cleanup() {
+	featureFlagOverride = map[featuregate.Feature]string{}
+	emulationVersionOverride = ""
+	emulationVersionOverrideValue = nil
+}

staging/src/k8s.io/component-base/version/base.go

@@ -61,3 +61,10 @@ var (
 
 	buildDate = "1970-01-01T00:00:00Z" // build date in ISO8601 format, output of $(date -u +'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ')
 )
+
+const (
+	// DefaultKubeBinaryVersion is the hard coded k8 binary version based on the latest K8s release.
+	// It is supposed to be consistent with gitMajor and gitMinor, except for local tests, where gitMajor and gitMinor are "".
+	// Should update for each minor release!
+	DefaultKubeBinaryVersion = "1.31"
+)

staging/src/k8s.io/kube-aggregator/pkg/apiserver/apiserver.go

@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ import (
 	"k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/transport"
 	"k8s.io/component-base/tracing"
-	"k8s.io/component-base/version"
 	v1 "k8s.io/kube-aggregator/pkg/apis/apiregistration/v1"
 	v1helper "k8s.io/kube-aggregator/pkg/apis/apiregistration/v1/helper"
 	"k8s.io/kube-aggregator/pkg/apis/apiregistration/v1beta1"
@@ -185,8 +184,6 @@ func (cfg *Config) Complete() CompletedConfig {
 	// the kube aggregator wires its own discovery mechanism
 	// TODO eventually collapse this by extracting all of the discovery out
 	c.GenericConfig.EnableDiscovery = false
-	version := version.Get()
-	c.GenericConfig.Version = &version
 
 	return CompletedConfig{&c}
 }
@@ -247,7 +244,7 @@ func (c completedConfig) NewWithDelegate(delegationTarget genericapiserver.Deleg
 	}
 
 	// used later  to filter the served resource by those that have expired.
-	resourceExpirationEvaluator, err := genericapiserver.NewResourceExpirationEvaluator(*c.GenericConfig.Version)
+	resourceExpirationEvaluator, err := genericapiserver.NewResourceExpirationEvaluator(s.GenericAPIServer.EffectiveVersion.EmulationVersion())
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

staging/src/k8s.io/kube-aggregator/pkg/cmd/server/start.go

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import (
 	genericapiserver "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/filters"
 	genericoptions "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/options"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/kube-aggregator/pkg/apis/apiregistration/v1beta1"
 	"k8s.io/kube-aggregator/pkg/apiserver"
 	aggregatorscheme "k8s.io/kube-aggregator/pkg/apiserver/scheme"
@@ -61,6 +62,9 @@ func NewCommandStartAggregator(ctx context.Context, defaults *AggregatorOptions)
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Short: "Launch a API aggregator and proxy server",
 		Long:  "Launch a API aggregator and proxy server",
+		PersistentPreRunE: func(*cobra.Command, []string) error {
+			return utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.Set()
+		},
 		RunE: func(c *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			if err := o.Complete(); err != nil {
 				return err
@@ -117,7 +121,7 @@ func (o AggregatorOptions) Validate(args []string) error {
 
 // Complete fills in missing Options.
 func (o *AggregatorOptions) Complete() error {
-	return nil
+	return o.ServerRunOptions.Complete()
 }
 
 // RunAggregator runs the API Aggregator.

staging/src/k8s.io/sample-apiserver/go.mod

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ go 1.22.0
 require (
 	github.com/google/gofuzz v1.2.0
 	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.8.1
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.9.0
 	k8s.io/apimachinery v0.0.0
 	k8s.io/apiserver v0.0.0
 	k8s.io/client-go v0.0.0
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/munnerz/goautoneg v0.0.0-20191010083416-a7dc8b61c822 // indirect
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
+	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.1-0.20181226105442-5d4384ee4fb2 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.19.0 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/common v0.48.0 // indirect

staging/src/k8s.io/sample-apiserver/go.sum

@@ -170,6 +170,7 @@ github.com/stoewer/go-strcase v1.2.0/go.mod h1:IBiWB2sKIp3wVVQ3Y035++gc+knqhUQag
 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.1.0/go.mod h1:HFkY916IF+rwdDfMAkV7OtwuqBVzrE8GR6GFx+wExME=
 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.4.0/go.mod h1:YvHI0jy2hoMjB+UWwv71VJQ9isScKT/TqJzVSSt89Yw=
 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.0/go.mod h1:Yh+to48EsGEfYuaHDzXPcE3xhTkx73EhmCGUpEOglKo=
+github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.2/go.mod h1:FRsXN1f5AsAjCGJKqEizvkpNtU+EGNCLh3NxZ/8L+MA=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.3.0/go.mod h1:M5WIy9Dh21IEIfnGCwXGc5bZfKNJtfHm1UVUgZn+9EI=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.5.1/go.mod h1:5W2xD1RspED5o8YsWQXVCued0rvSQ+mT+I5cxcmMvtA=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.1/go.mod h1:6Fq8oRcR53rry900zMqJjRRixrwX3KX962/h/Wwjteg=

staging/src/k8s.io/sample-apiserver/pkg/apis/wardle/v1alpha1/doc.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ limitations under the License.
 // +k8s:deepcopy-gen=package
 // +k8s:conversion-gen=k8s.io/sample-apiserver/pkg/apis/wardle
 // +k8s:defaulter-gen=TypeMeta
+// +k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen=true
 // +groupName=wardle.example.com
 
 // Package v1alpha1 is the v1alpha1 version of the API.

staging/src/k8s.io/sample-apiserver/pkg/apis/wardle/v1alpha1/types.go

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ package v1alpha1
 import metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
 
 // +k8s:deepcopy-gen:interfaces=k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime.Object
+// +k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:introduced=1.0
+// +k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:removed=1.10
 
 // FlunderList is a list of Flunder objects.
 type FlunderList struct {
@@ -47,6 +49,8 @@ type FlunderStatus struct {
 
 // +genclient
 // +k8s:deepcopy-gen:interfaces=k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime.Object
+// +k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:introduced=1.0
+// +k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:removed=1.10
 
 type Flunder struct {
 	metav1.TypeMeta   `json:",inline"`
@@ -59,6 +63,8 @@ type Flunder struct {
 // +genclient
 // +genclient:nonNamespaced
 // +k8s:deepcopy-gen:interfaces=k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime.Object
+// +k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:introduced=1.0
+// +k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:removed=1.10
 
 type Fischer struct {
 	metav1.TypeMeta   `json:",inline"`
@@ -71,6 +77,8 @@ type Fischer struct {
 
 // +genclient:nonNamespaced
 // +k8s:deepcopy-gen:interfaces=k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime.Object
+// +k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:introduced=1.0
+// +k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:removed=1.10
 
 // FischerList is a list of Fischer objects.
 type FischerList struct {

staging/src/k8s.io/sample-apiserver/pkg/apis/wardle/v1alpha1/zz_generated.prerelease-lifecycle.go

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+//go:build !ignore_autogenerated
+// +build !ignore_autogenerated
+
+/*
+Copyright The Kubernetes Authors.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+// Code generated by prerelease-lifecycle-gen. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package v1alpha1
+
+// APILifecycleIntroduced is an autogenerated function, returning the release in which the API struct was introduced as int versions of major and minor for comparison.
+// It is controlled by "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:introduced" tags in types.go.
+func (in *Fischer) APILifecycleIntroduced() (major, minor int) {
+	return 1, 0
+}
+
+// APILifecycleDeprecated is an autogenerated function, returning the release in which the API struct was or will be deprecated as int versions of major and minor for comparison.
+// It is controlled by "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:deprecated" tags in types.go or  "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:introduced" plus three minor.
+func (in *Fischer) APILifecycleDeprecated() (major, minor int) {
+	return 1, 3
+}
+
+// APILifecycleRemoved is an autogenerated function, returning the release in which the API is no longer served as int versions of major and minor for comparison.
+// It is controlled by "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:removed" tags in types.go or  "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:deprecated" plus three minor.
+func (in *Fischer) APILifecycleRemoved() (major, minor int) {
+	return 1, 10
+}
+
+// APILifecycleIntroduced is an autogenerated function, returning the release in which the API struct was introduced as int versions of major and minor for comparison.
+// It is controlled by "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:introduced" tags in types.go.
+func (in *FischerList) APILifecycleIntroduced() (major, minor int) {
+	return 1, 0
+}
+
+// APILifecycleDeprecated is an autogenerated function, returning the release in which the API struct was or will be deprecated as int versions of major and minor for comparison.
+// It is controlled by "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:deprecated" tags in types.go or  "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:introduced" plus three minor.
+func (in *FischerList) APILifecycleDeprecated() (major, minor int) {
+	return 1, 3
+}
+
+// APILifecycleRemoved is an autogenerated function, returning the release in which the API is no longer served as int versions of major and minor for comparison.
+// It is controlled by "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:removed" tags in types.go or  "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:deprecated" plus three minor.
+func (in *FischerList) APILifecycleRemoved() (major, minor int) {
+	return 1, 10
+}
+
+// APILifecycleIntroduced is an autogenerated function, returning the release in which the API struct was introduced as int versions of major and minor for comparison.
+// It is controlled by "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:introduced" tags in types.go.
+func (in *Flunder) APILifecycleIntroduced() (major, minor int) {
+	return 1, 0
+}
+
+// APILifecycleDeprecated is an autogenerated function, returning the release in which the API struct was or will be deprecated as int versions of major and minor for comparison.
+// It is controlled by "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:deprecated" tags in types.go or  "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:introduced" plus three minor.
+func (in *Flunder) APILifecycleDeprecated() (major, minor int) {
+	return 1, 3
+}
+
+// APILifecycleRemoved is an autogenerated function, returning the release in which the API is no longer served as int versions of major and minor for comparison.
+// It is controlled by "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:removed" tags in types.go or  "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:deprecated" plus three minor.
+func (in *Flunder) APILifecycleRemoved() (major, minor int) {
+	return 1, 10
+}
+
+// APILifecycleIntroduced is an autogenerated function, returning the release in which the API struct was introduced as int versions of major and minor for comparison.
+// It is controlled by "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:introduced" tags in types.go.
+func (in *FlunderList) APILifecycleIntroduced() (major, minor int) {
+	return 1, 0
+}
+
+// APILifecycleDeprecated is an autogenerated function, returning the release in which the API struct was or will be deprecated as int versions of major and minor for comparison.
+// It is controlled by "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:deprecated" tags in types.go or  "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:introduced" plus three minor.
+func (in *FlunderList) APILifecycleDeprecated() (major, minor int) {
+	return 1, 3
+}
+
+// APILifecycleRemoved is an autogenerated function, returning the release in which the API is no longer served as int versions of major and minor for comparison.
+// It is controlled by "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:removed" tags in types.go or  "k8s:prerelease-lifecycle-gen:deprecated" plus three minor.
+func (in *FlunderList) APILifecycleRemoved() (major, minor int) {
+	return 1, 10
+}

staging/src/k8s.io/sample-apiserver/pkg/apiserver/apiserver.go

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import (
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/serializer"
-	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/version"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/registry/rest"
 	genericapiserver "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server"
 
@@ -37,7 +36,8 @@ var (
 	Scheme = runtime.NewScheme()
 	// Codecs provides methods for retrieving codecs and serializers for specific
 	// versions and content types.
-	Codecs = serializer.NewCodecFactory(Scheme)
+	Codecs              = serializer.NewCodecFactory(Scheme)
+	WardleComponentName = "wardle"
 )
 
 func init() {
@@ -91,11 +91,6 @@ func (cfg *Config) Complete() CompletedConfig {
 		&cfg.ExtraConfig,
 	}
 
-	c.GenericConfig.Version = &version.Info{
-		Major: "1",
-		Minor: "0",
-	}
-
 	return CompletedConfig{&c}
 }
 

staging/src/k8s.io/sample-apiserver/pkg/cmd/server/start.go

@@ -27,11 +27,15 @@ import (
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
 	utilerrors "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/errors"
+	utilruntime "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/runtime"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/admission"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/endpoints/openapi"
 	genericapiserver "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server"
 	genericoptions "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/options"
 	utilfeature "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
+	"k8s.io/component-base/featuregate"
 	"k8s.io/sample-apiserver/pkg/admission/plugin/banflunder"
 	"k8s.io/sample-apiserver/pkg/admission/wardleinitializer"
 	"k8s.io/sample-apiserver/pkg/apis/wardle/v1alpha1"
@@ -55,6 +59,16 @@ type WardleServerOptions struct {
 	AlternateDNS []string
 }
 
+func wardleEmulationVersionToKubeEmulationVersion(ver *version.Version) *version.Version {
+	if ver.Major() != 1 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	kubeVer := utilversion.DefaultKubeEffectiveVersion().BinaryVersion()
+	// "1.1" maps to kubeVer
+	offset := int(ver.Minor()) - 1
+	return kubeVer.OffsetMinor(offset)
+}
+
 // NewWardleServerOptions returns a new WardleServerOptions
 func NewWardleServerOptions(out, errOut io.Writer) *WardleServerOptions {
 	o := &WardleServerOptions{
@@ -77,6 +91,9 @@ func NewCommandStartWardleServer(ctx context.Context, defaults *WardleServerOpti
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Short: "Launch a wardle API server",
 		Long:  "Launch a wardle API server",
+		PersistentPreRunE: func(*cobra.Command, []string) error {
+			return utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.Set()
+		},
 		RunE: func(c *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			if err := o.Complete(); err != nil {
 				return err
@@ -94,7 +111,21 @@ func NewCommandStartWardleServer(ctx context.Context, defaults *WardleServerOpti
 
 	flags := cmd.Flags()
 	o.RecommendedOptions.AddFlags(flags)
-	utilfeature.DefaultMutableFeatureGate.AddFlag(flags)
+
+	wardleEffectiveVersion := utilversion.NewEffectiveVersion("1.2")
+	wardleFeatureGate := utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.CopyKnownFeatures()
+	utilruntime.Must(wardleFeatureGate.AddVersioned(map[featuregate.Feature]featuregate.VersionedSpecs{
+		"BanFlunder": {
+			{Version: version.MustParse("1.2"), Default: true, PreRelease: featuregate.GA},
+			{Version: version.MustParse("1.1"), Default: false, PreRelease: featuregate.Beta},
+			{Version: version.MustParse("1.0"), Default: false, PreRelease: featuregate.Alpha},
+		},
+	}))
+	utilruntime.Must(utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.Register(apiserver.WardleComponentName, wardleEffectiveVersion, wardleFeatureGate))
+	_, _ = utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.ComponentGlobalsOrRegister(
+		utilversion.DefaultKubeComponent, utilversion.DefaultKubeEffectiveVersion(), utilfeature.DefaultMutableFeatureGate)
+	utilruntime.Must(utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.SetEmulationVersionMapping(apiserver.WardleComponentName, utilversion.DefaultKubeComponent, wardleEmulationVersionToKubeEmulationVersion))
+	utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.AddFlags(flags)
 
 	return cmd
 }
@@ -103,17 +134,19 @@ func NewCommandStartWardleServer(ctx context.Context, defaults *WardleServerOpti
 func (o WardleServerOptions) Validate(args []string) error {
 	errors := []error{}
 	errors = append(errors, o.RecommendedOptions.Validate()...)
+	errors = append(errors, utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.Validate()...)
 	return utilerrors.NewAggregate(errors)
 }
 
 // Complete fills in fields required to have valid data
 func (o *WardleServerOptions) Complete() error {
-	// register admission plugins
-	banflunder.Register(o.RecommendedOptions.Admission.Plugins)
-
-	// add admission plugins to the RecommendedPluginOrder
-	o.RecommendedOptions.Admission.RecommendedPluginOrder = append(o.RecommendedOptions.Admission.RecommendedPluginOrder, "BanFlunder")
+	if utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.FeatureGateFor(apiserver.WardleComponentName).Enabled("BanFlunder") {
+		// register admission plugins
+		banflunder.Register(o.RecommendedOptions.Admission.Plugins)
 
+		// add admission plugins to the RecommendedPluginOrder
+		o.RecommendedOptions.Admission.RecommendedPluginOrder = append(o.RecommendedOptions.Admission.RecommendedPluginOrder, "BanFlunder")
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -144,6 +177,9 @@ func (o *WardleServerOptions) Config() (*apiserver.Config, error) {
 	serverConfig.OpenAPIV3Config.Info.Title = "Wardle"
 	serverConfig.OpenAPIV3Config.Info.Version = "0.1"
 
+	serverConfig.FeatureGate = utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.FeatureGateFor(apiserver.WardleComponentName)
+	serverConfig.EffectiveVersion = utilversion.DefaultComponentGlobalsRegistry.EffectiveVersionFor(apiserver.WardleComponentName)
+
 	if err := o.RecommendedOptions.ApplyTo(serverConfig); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

staging/src/k8s.io/sample-apiserver/pkg/cmd/server/start_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2024 The Kubernetes Authors.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package server
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/version"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestWardleEmulationVersionToKubeEmulationVersion(t *testing.T) {
+	defaultKubeEffectiveVersion := utilversion.DefaultKubeEffectiveVersion()
+
+	testCases := []struct {
+		desc                     string
+		wardleEmulationVer       *version.Version
+		expectedKubeEmulationVer *version.Version
+	}{
+		{
+			desc:                     "same version as than kube binary",
+			wardleEmulationVer:       version.MajorMinor(1, 1),
+			expectedKubeEmulationVer: defaultKubeEffectiveVersion.BinaryVersion(),
+		},
+		{
+			desc:                     "1 version higher than kube binary",
+			wardleEmulationVer:       version.MajorMinor(1, 2),
+			expectedKubeEmulationVer: defaultKubeEffectiveVersion.BinaryVersion().OffsetMinor(1),
+		},
+		{
+			desc:               "no mapping",
+			wardleEmulationVer: version.MajorMinor(2, 10),
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.desc, func(t *testing.T) {
+			mappedKubeEmulationVer := wardleEmulationVersionToKubeEmulationVersion(tc.wardleEmulationVer)
+			assert.True(t, mappedKubeEmulationVer.EqualTo(tc.expectedKubeEmulationVer))
+		})
+	}
+}

test/integration/apiserver/apiserver_test.go

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
+	admissionregistrationv1 "k8s.io/api/admissionregistration/v1"
 	apps "k8s.io/api/apps/v1"
 	v1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
 	apiextensionsv1 "k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apis/apiextensions/v1"
@@ -55,16 +56,20 @@ import (
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/watch"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/endpoints/handlers"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/storage/storagebackend"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
+	"k8s.io/client-go/discovery/cached/memory"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/dynamic"
 	clientset "k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes"
 	appsv1 "k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes/typed/apps/v1"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/metadata"
 	restclient "k8s.io/client-go/rest"
+	"k8s.io/client-go/restmapper"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/tools/pager"
 	"k8s.io/klog/v2"
 	"k8s.io/kubernetes/cmd/kube-apiserver/app/options"
 	kubeapiservertesting "k8s.io/kubernetes/cmd/kube-apiserver/app/testing"
 	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/controlplane"
+	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubeapiserver"
 	"k8s.io/kubernetes/test/integration"
 	"k8s.io/kubernetes/test/integration/etcd"
 	"k8s.io/kubernetes/test/integration/framework"
@@ -2929,6 +2934,340 @@ func TestDedupOwnerReferences(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestEmulatedStorageVersion(t *testing.T) {
+	validVap := &admissionregistrationv1.ValidatingAdmissionPolicy{
+		Spec: admissionregistrationv1.ValidatingAdmissionPolicySpec{
+			MatchConstraints: &admissionregistrationv1.MatchResources{
+				ResourceRules: []admissionregistrationv1.NamedRuleWithOperations{
+					{
+						ResourceNames: []string{"foo"},
+						RuleWithOperations: admissionregistrationv1.RuleWithOperations{
+							Operations: []admissionregistrationv1.OperationType{"CREATE"},
+							Rule: admissionregistrationv1.Rule{
+								APIGroups:   []string{"*"},
+								APIVersions: []string{"*"},
+								Resources:   []string{"*"},
+							},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			Validations: []admissionregistrationv1.Validation{
+				{
+					Expression: "true",
+					Message:    "always valid",
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	type testCase struct {
+		name                   string
+		emulatedVersion        string
+		gvr                    schema.GroupVersionResource
+		object                 runtime.Object
+		expectedStorageVersion schema.GroupVersion
+	}
+	cases := []testCase{
+		{
+			name:            "vap first ga release",
+			emulatedVersion: "1.30",
+			gvr: schema.GroupVersionResource{
+				Group:    "admissionregistration.k8s.io",
+				Version:  "v1",
+				Resource: "validatingadmissionpolicies",
+			},
+			object: validVap,
+			expectedStorageVersion: schema.GroupVersion{
+				Group:   "admissionregistration.k8s.io",
+				Version: "v1beta1",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "vap after ga release",
+			emulatedVersion: "1.31",
+			gvr: schema.GroupVersionResource{
+				Group:    "admissionregistration.k8s.io",
+				Version:  "v1beta1",
+				Resource: "validatingadmissionpolicies",
+			},
+			object: validVap,
+			expectedStorageVersion: schema.GroupVersion{
+				Group:   "admissionregistration.k8s.io",
+				Version: "v1",
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	// Group cases by their emulated version
+	groupedCases := map[string][]testCase{}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		groupedCases[c.emulatedVersion] = append(groupedCases[c.emulatedVersion], c)
+	}
+
+	for emulatedVersion, cases := range groupedCases {
+		t.Run(emulatedVersion, func(t *testing.T) {
+			server := kubeapiservertesting.StartTestServerOrDie(
+				t, &kubeapiservertesting.TestServerInstanceOptions{BinaryVersion: emulatedVersion},
+				[]string{"--emulated-version=kube=" + emulatedVersion, `--storage-media-type=application/json`}, framework.SharedEtcd())
+			defer server.TearDownFn()
+
+			client := clientset.NewForConfigOrDie(server.ClientConfig)
+			dynamicClient := dynamic.NewForConfigOrDie(server.ClientConfig)
+
+			// create test namespace
+			testNamespace := "test-emulated-storage-version"
+			_, err := client.CoreV1().Namespaces().Create(context.TODO(), &v1.Namespace{
+				ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+					Name: testNamespace,
+				},
+			}, metav1.CreateOptions{})
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("failed to create test ns: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			restMapper := restmapper.NewDeferredDiscoveryRESTMapper(memory.NewMemCacheClient(client.Discovery()))
+
+			for i, c := range cases {
+				t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+					gvk, err := restMapper.KindFor(c.gvr)
+					if err != nil {
+						t.Fatalf("failed to get GVK: %v", err)
+					}
+					c.object.GetObjectKind().SetGroupVersionKind(gvk)
+
+					mapping, err := restMapper.RESTMapping(gvk.GroupKind(), gvk.Version)
+					if err != nil {
+						t.Fatalf("failed to get RESTMapping: %v", err)
+					} else if mapping.Resource != c.gvr {
+						t.Fatalf("expected resource %v, got %v", c.gvr, mapping.Resource)
+					}
+
+					asUnstructured, err := runtime.DefaultUnstructuredConverter.ToUnstructured(c.object)
+					if err != nil {
+						t.Fatalf("failed to convert object to unstructured: %v", err)
+					}
+
+					uns := &unstructured.Unstructured{
+						Object: asUnstructured,
+					}
+					uns.SetName(fmt.Sprintf("test-object%d", i))
+
+					ns := testNamespace
+					if mapping.Scope.Name() == meta.RESTScopeNameRoot {
+						ns = ""
+					}
+
+					// create object
+					created, err := dynamicClient.Resource(c.gvr).Namespace(ns).Create(context.TODO(), uns, metav1.CreateOptions{})
+					if err != nil {
+						t.Fatalf("failed to create object: %v", err)
+					}
+
+					// Fetch object from ETCD
+					// Use this poor man's way to get the etcd path. This wont
+					// work for all resources, but should work for most we want
+					// to test against
+					resourcePrefix := mapping.Resource.Resource
+					if special, ok := kubeapiserver.SpecialDefaultResourcePrefixes[c.gvr.GroupResource()]; ok {
+						resourcePrefix = special
+					}
+					etcdPathComponents := []string{
+						"/",
+						server.EtcdStoragePrefix,
+						resourcePrefix,
+					}
+
+					if len(ns) > 0 {
+						etcdPathComponents = append(etcdPathComponents, ns)
+					}
+					etcdPathComponents = append(etcdPathComponents, created.GetName())
+					etcdPath := path.Join(etcdPathComponents...)
+					fetched, err := server.EtcdClient.Get(context.TODO(), etcdPath)
+					if err != nil {
+						t.Fatalf("failed to fetch object from etcd: %v", err)
+					} else if fetched.More || fetched.Count != 1 || len(fetched.Kvs) != 1 {
+						t.Fatalf("unexpected fetched response: %v", fetched)
+					}
+
+					storedObject := &metav1.PartialObjectMetadata{}
+					err = json.Unmarshal(fetched.Kvs[0].Value, storedObject)
+
+					if err != nil {
+						t.Fatalf("failed to decode object: %v", err)
+					} else if storedObject.GroupVersionKind().GroupVersion() != c.expectedStorageVersion {
+						t.Fatalf("expected storage version %s, got %s", c.expectedStorageVersion.String(), storedObject.GroupVersionKind().GroupVersion().String())
+					}
+				})
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestAllowedEmulationVersions tests the TestServer can start without problem for all allowed emulation versions.
+func TestAllowedEmulationVersions(t *testing.T) {
+	tcs := []struct {
+		name             string
+		emulationVersion string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:             "default",
+			emulationVersion: utilversion.DefaultKubeEffectiveVersion().EmulationVersion().String(),
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tcs {
+		t.Run(tc.emulationVersion, func(t *testing.T) {
+			server := kubeapiservertesting.StartTestServerOrDie(t, nil,
+				[]string{fmt.Sprintf("--emulated-version=kube=%s", tc.emulationVersion)}, framework.SharedEtcd())
+			defer server.TearDownFn()
+
+			rt, err := restclient.TransportFor(server.ClientConfig)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", server.ClientConfig.Host+"/", nil)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			resp, err := rt.RoundTrip(req)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			expectedStatusCode := 200
+			if resp.StatusCode != expectedStatusCode {
+				t.Errorf("expect status code: %d, got : %d\n", expectedStatusCode, resp.StatusCode)
+			}
+			defer func() {
+				_ = resp.Body.Close()
+			}()
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEnableEmulationVersion(t *testing.T) {
+	server := kubeapiservertesting.StartTestServerOrDie(t,
+		&kubeapiservertesting.TestServerInstanceOptions{BinaryVersion: "1.32"},
+		[]string{"--emulated-version=kube=1.31"}, framework.SharedEtcd())
+	defer server.TearDownFn()
+
+	rt, err := restclient.TransportFor(server.ClientConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	tcs := []struct {
+		path               string
+		expectedStatusCode int
+	}{
+		{
+			path:               "/",
+			expectedStatusCode: 200,
+		},
+		{
+			path:               "/apis/apps/v1/deployments",
+			expectedStatusCode: 200,
+		},
+		{
+			path:               "/apis/flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io/v1/flowschemas",
+			expectedStatusCode: 200,
+		},
+		{
+			path:               "/apis/flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io/v1beta1/flowschemas", // introduced at 1.20, removed at 1.26
+			expectedStatusCode: 404,
+		},
+		{
+			path:               "/apis/flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io/v1beta2/flowschemas", // introduced at 1.23, removed at 1.29
+			expectedStatusCode: 404,
+		},
+		{
+			path:               "/apis/flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io/v1beta3/flowschemas", // introduced at 1.26, removed at 1.32
+			expectedStatusCode: 200,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tcs {
+		t.Run(tc.path, func(t *testing.T) {
+			req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", server.ClientConfig.Host+tc.path, nil)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			resp, err := rt.RoundTrip(req)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if resp.StatusCode != tc.expectedStatusCode {
+				t.Errorf("expect status code: %d, got : %d\n", tc.expectedStatusCode, resp.StatusCode)
+			}
+			defer func() {
+				_ = resp.Body.Close()
+			}()
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDisableEmulationVersion(t *testing.T) {
+	server := kubeapiservertesting.StartTestServerOrDie(t,
+		&kubeapiservertesting.TestServerInstanceOptions{BinaryVersion: "1.32"},
+		[]string{}, framework.SharedEtcd())
+	defer server.TearDownFn()
+
+	rt, err := restclient.TransportFor(server.ClientConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	tcs := []struct {
+		path               string
+		expectedStatusCode int
+	}{
+		{
+			path:               "/",
+			expectedStatusCode: 200,
+		},
+		{
+			path:               "/apis/apps/v1/deployments",
+			expectedStatusCode: 200,
+		},
+		{
+			path:               "/apis/flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io/v1/flowschemas",
+			expectedStatusCode: 200,
+		},
+		{
+			path:               "/apis/flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io/v1beta1/flowschemas", // introduced at 1.20, removed at 1.26
+			expectedStatusCode: 404,
+		},
+		{
+			path:               "/apis/flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io/v1beta2/flowschemas", // introduced at 1.23, removed at 1.29
+			expectedStatusCode: 404,
+		},
+		{
+			path:               "/apis/flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io/v1beta3/flowschemas", // introduced at 1.26, removed at 1.32
+			expectedStatusCode: 404,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tcs {
+		t.Run(tc.path, func(t *testing.T) {
+			req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", server.ClientConfig.Host+tc.path, nil)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			resp, err := rt.RoundTrip(req)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if resp.StatusCode != tc.expectedStatusCode {
+				t.Errorf("expect status code: %d, got : %d\n", tc.expectedStatusCode, resp.StatusCode)
+			}
+			defer func() {
+				_ = resp.Body.Close()
+			}()
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 type dependentClient struct {
 	t      *testing.T
 	client dynamic.ResourceInterface

test/integration/auth/rbac_test.go

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import (
 
 	rbacapi "k8s.io/api/rbac/v1"
 	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/types"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/watch"
@@ -80,8 +81,8 @@ type testRESTOptionsGetter struct {
 	config *controlplane.Config
 }
 
-func (getter *testRESTOptionsGetter) GetRESTOptions(resource schema.GroupResource) (generic.RESTOptions, error) {
-	storageConfig, err := getter.config.ControlPlane.Extra.StorageFactory.NewConfig(resource)
+func (getter *testRESTOptionsGetter) GetRESTOptions(resource schema.GroupResource, example runtime.Object) (generic.RESTOptions, error) {
+	storageConfig, err := getter.config.ControlPlane.Extra.StorageFactory.NewConfig(resource, example)
 	if err != nil {
 		return generic.RESTOptions{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to get storage: %v", err)
 	}

test/integration/client/client_test.go

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ import (
 	clientset "k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes"
 	"k8s.io/utils/pointer"
 
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/component-base/version"
 	kubeapiservertesting "k8s.io/kubernetes/cmd/kube-apiserver/app/testing"
 	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/api/legacyscheme"
@@ -65,7 +66,12 @@ func TestClient(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
 	}
-	if e, a := version.Get(), *info; !reflect.DeepEqual(e, a) {
+	expectedInfo := version.Get()
+	kubeVersion := utilversion.DefaultKubeEffectiveVersion().BinaryVersion()
+	expectedInfo.Major = fmt.Sprintf("%d", kubeVersion.Major())
+	expectedInfo.Minor = fmt.Sprintf("%d", kubeVersion.Minor())
+
+	if e, a := expectedInfo, *info; !reflect.DeepEqual(e, a) {
 		t.Errorf("expected %#v, got %#v", e, a)
 	}
 

test/integration/controlplane/transformation/kmsv2_transformation_test.go

@@ -1219,7 +1219,7 @@ func getRESTOptionsGetterForSecrets(t testing.TB, test *transformTest) generic.R
 		t.Fatal("not REST options found")
 	}
 
-	opts, err := genericConfig.RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(schema.GroupResource{Group: "", Resource: "secrets"})
+	opts, err := genericConfig.RESTOptionsGetter.GetRESTOptions(schema.GroupResource{Group: "", Resource: "secrets"}, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

test/integration/controlplane/transformation/transformation_test.go

@@ -115,7 +115,9 @@ func newTransformTest(tb testing.TB, transformerConfigYAML string, reload bool,
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read config file: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	if e.kubeAPIServer, err = kubeapiservertesting.StartTestServer(tb, nil, e.getEncryptionOptions(reload), e.storageConfig); err != nil {
+	if e.kubeAPIServer, err = kubeapiservertesting.StartTestServer(
+		tb, &kubeapiservertesting.TestServerInstanceOptions{BinaryVersion: "0.0"},
+		e.getEncryptionOptions(reload), e.storageConfig); err != nil {
 		e.cleanUp()
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to start KubeAPI server: %w", err)
 	}

test/integration/etcd/etcd_cross_group_test.go

@@ -27,17 +27,25 @@ import (
 	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1/unstructured"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
+	utilruntime "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/runtime"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/sets"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/watch"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/storage"
+	utilfeature "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/dynamic"
 	"k8s.io/kubernetes/cmd/kube-apiserver/app/options"
 )
 
 // TestCrossGroupStorage tests to make sure that all objects stored in an expected location in etcd can be converted/read.
 func TestCrossGroupStorage(t *testing.T) {
+	testRegistry := utilversion.NewComponentGlobalsRegistry()
+	utilruntime.Must(testRegistry.Register("test", utilversion.NewEffectiveVersion("0.0"), utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.DeepCopy()))
+
 	apiServer := StartRealAPIServerOrDie(t, func(opts *options.ServerRunOptions) {
 		// force enable all resources so we can check storage.
+		opts.GenericServerRunOptions.ComponentName = "test"
+		opts.GenericServerRunOptions.ComponentGlobalsRegistry = testRegistry
 	})
 	defer apiServer.Cleanup()
 

test/integration/etcd/etcd_storage_path_test.go

@@ -34,8 +34,10 @@ import (
 	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1/unstructured"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
+	utilruntime "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/runtime"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/sets"
 	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature"
+	utilversion "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/version"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/dynamic"
 	featuregatetesting "k8s.io/component-base/featuregate/testing"
 	"k8s.io/kubernetes/cmd/kube-apiserver/app/options"
@@ -74,7 +76,12 @@ var allowMissingTestdataFixtures = map[schema.GroupVersionKind]bool{
 func TestEtcdStoragePath(t *testing.T) {
 	featuregatetesting.SetFeatureGateDuringTest(t, feature.DefaultFeatureGate, "AllAlpha", true)
 	featuregatetesting.SetFeatureGateDuringTest(t, feature.DefaultFeatureGate, "AllBeta", true)
+	testRegistry := utilversion.NewComponentGlobalsRegistry()
+	utilruntime.Must(testRegistry.Register("test", utilversion.NewEffectiveVersion("0.0"), feature.DefaultFeatureGate.DeepCopy()))
+
 	apiServer := StartRealAPIServerOrDie(t, func(opts *options.ServerRunOptions) {
+		opts.GenericServerRunOptions.ComponentName = "test"
+		opts.GenericServerRunOptions.ComponentGlobalsRegistry = testRegistry
 	})
 	defer apiServer.Cleanup()
 	defer dumpEtcdKVOnFailure(t, apiServer.KV)

test/integration/examples/apiserver_test.go

@@ -226,6 +226,18 @@ func TestAPIServiceWaitOnStart(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestAggregatedAPIServer(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("WithoutWardleFeatureGateAtV1.2", func(t *testing.T) {
+		testAggregatedAPIServer(t, false, "1.2")
+	})
+	t.Run("WithoutWardleFeatureGateAtV1.1", func(t *testing.T) {
+		testAggregatedAPIServer(t, false, "1.1")
+	})
+	t.Run("WithWardleFeatureGateAtV1.1", func(t *testing.T) {
+		testAggregatedAPIServer(t, true, "1.1")
+	})
+}
+
+func testAggregatedAPIServer(t *testing.T, enableWardleFeatureGate bool, emulationVersion string) {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Minute)
 	t.Cleanup(cancel)
 
@@ -240,7 +252,7 @@ func TestAggregatedAPIServer(t *testing.T) {
 	// endpoints cannot have loopback IPs so we need to override the resolver itself
 	t.Cleanup(app.SetServiceResolverForTests(staticURLServiceResolver(fmt.Sprintf("https://127.0.0.1:%d", wardlePort))))
 
-	testServer := kastesting.StartTestServerOrDie(t, &kastesting.TestServerInstanceOptions{EnableCertAuth: true}, nil, framework.SharedEtcd())
+	testServer := kastesting.StartTestServerOrDie(t, &kastesting.TestServerInstanceOptions{EnableCertAuth: true, BinaryVersion: "1.32"}, nil, framework.SharedEtcd())
 	defer testServer.TearDownFn()
 	kubeClientConfig := rest.CopyConfig(testServer.ClientConfig)
 	// force json because everything speaks it
@@ -286,13 +298,18 @@ func TestAggregatedAPIServer(t *testing.T) {
 		o.RecommendedOptions.SecureServing.Listener = listener
 		o.RecommendedOptions.SecureServing.BindAddress = netutils.ParseIPSloppy("127.0.0.1")
 		wardleCmd := sampleserver.NewCommandStartWardleServer(ctx, o)
-		wardleCmd.SetArgs([]string{
+		args := []string{
 			"--authentication-kubeconfig", wardleToKASKubeConfigFile,
 			"--authorization-kubeconfig", wardleToKASKubeConfigFile,
 			"--etcd-servers", framework.GetEtcdURL(),
 			"--cert-dir", wardleCertDir,
 			"--kubeconfig", wardleToKASKubeConfigFile,
-		})
+			"--emulated-version", fmt.Sprintf("wardle=%s", emulationVersion),
+		}
+		if enableWardleFeatureGate {
+			args = append(args, "--feature-gates", "wardle:BanFlunder=true")
+		}
+		wardleCmd.SetArgs(args)
 		if err := wardleCmd.Execute(); err != nil {
 			t.Error(err)
 		}
@@ -386,10 +403,13 @@ func TestAggregatedAPIServer(t *testing.T) {
 		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
 			Name: "panda",
 		},
+		DisallowedFlunders: []string{"badname"},
 	}, metav1.CreateOptions{})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
+	// clean up data after test is done
+	defer wardleClient.Fischers().Delete(ctx, "panda", metav1.DeleteOptions{})
 	fischersList, err := wardleClient.Fischers().List(ctx, metav1.ListOptions{})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
@@ -401,17 +421,41 @@ func TestAggregatedAPIServer(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Error("expected non-empty resource version for fischer list")
 	}
 
+	_, err = wardleClient.Flunders(metav1.NamespaceSystem).Create(ctx, &wardlev1alpha1.Flunder{
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name: "badname",
+		},
+	}, metav1.CreateOptions{})
+	banFlunder := enableWardleFeatureGate || emulationVersion == "1.2"
+	if banFlunder && err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expect flunder:badname not admitted when wardle feature gates are specified")
+	}
+	if !banFlunder {
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal("expect flunder:badname admitted when wardle feature gates are not specified")
+		} else {
+			defer wardleClient.Flunders(metav1.NamespaceSystem).Delete(ctx, "badname", metav1.DeleteOptions{})
+		}
+	}
 	_, err = wardleClient.Flunders(metav1.NamespaceSystem).Create(ctx, &wardlev1alpha1.Flunder{
 		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
 			Name: "panda",
 		},
 	}, metav1.CreateOptions{})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer wardleClient.Flunders(metav1.NamespaceSystem).Delete(ctx, "panda", metav1.DeleteOptions{})
 	flunderList, err := wardleClient.Flunders(metav1.NamespaceSystem).List(ctx, metav1.ListOptions{})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if len(flunderList.Items) != 1 {
-		t.Errorf("expected one flunder: %#v", flunderList.Items)
+	expectedFlunderCount := 2
+	if banFlunder {
+		expectedFlunderCount = 1
+	}
+	if len(flunderList.Items) != expectedFlunderCount {
+		t.Errorf("expected %d flunder: %#v", expectedFlunderCount, flunderList.Items)
 	}
 	if len(flunderList.ResourceVersion) == 0 {
 		t.Error("expected non-empty resource version for flunder list")