PLEASE NOTE: This document applies to the HEAD of the source tree
If you are using a released version of Kubernetes, you should
refer to the docs that go with that version.
The latest release of this document can be found
[here](http://releases.k8s.io/release-1.3/examples/experimental/persistent-volume-provisioning/README.md).
Documentation for other releases can be found at
[releases.k8s.io](http://releases.k8s.io).
--
## Persistent Volume Provisioning
This example shows how to use experimental persistent volume provisioning.
### Pre-requisites
This example assumes that you have an understanding of Kubernetes administration and can modify the
scripts that launch kube-controller-manager.
### Admin Configuration
The admin must define `StorageClass` objects that describe named "classes" of storage offered in a cluster. Different classes might map to arbitrary levels or policies determined by the admin. When configuring a `StorageClass` object for persistent volume provisioning, the admin will need to describe the type of provisioner to use and the parameters that will be used by the provisioner when it provisions a `PersistentVolume` belonging to the class.
The name of a StorageClass object is significant, and is how users can request a particular class, by specifying the name in their `PersistentVolumeClaim`. The `provisioner` field must be specified as it determines what volume plugin is used for provisioning PVs. 2 cloud providers will be provided in the beta version of this feature: EBS and GCE. The `parameters` field contains the parameters that describe volumes belonging to the storage class. Different parameters may be accepted depending on the `provisioner`. For example, the value `io1`, for the parameter `type`, and the parameter `iopsPerGB` are specific to EBS . When a parameter is omitted, some default is used.
#### AWS
```yaml
kind: StorageClass
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
metadata:
name: slow
provisioner: kubernetes.io/aws-ebs
parameters:
type: io1
zone: us-east-1d
iopsPerGB: "10"
```
* `type`: `io1`, `gp2`, `sc1`, `st1`. See AWS docs for details. Default: `gp2`.
* `zone`: AWS zone. If not specified, a random zone from those where Kubernetes cluster has a node is chosen.
* `iopsPerGB`: only for `io1` volumes. I/O operations per second per GiB. AWS volume plugin multiplies this with size of requested volume to compute IOPS of the volume and caps it at 20 000 IOPS (maximum supported by AWS, see AWS docs).
* `encrypted`: denotes whether the EBS volume should be encrypted or not. Valid values are `true` or `false`.
* `kmsKeyId`: optional. The full Amazon Resource Name of the key to use when encrypting the volume. If none is supplied but `encrypted` is true, a key is generated by AWS. See AWS docs for valid ARN value.
#### GCE
```yaml
kind: StorageClass
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
metadata:
name: slow
provisioner: kubernetes.io/gce-pd
parameters:
type: pd-standard
zone: us-central1-a
```
* `type`: `pd-standard` or `pd-ssd`. Default: `pd-ssd`
* `zone`: GCE zone. If not specified, a random zone in the same region as controller-manager will be chosen.
#### GLUSTERFS
```yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
name: slow
provisioner: kubernetes.io/glusterfs
parameters:
endpoint: "glusterfs-cluster"
resturl: "http://127.0.0.1:8081"
restauthenabled: "true"
restuser: "admin"
restuserkey: "password"
```
* `endpoint`: `glusterfs-cluster` is the endpoint/service name which includes GlusterFS trusted pool IP addresses and this parameter is mandatory.
* `resturl` : Gluster REST service url which provision gluster volumes on demand. The format should be `IPaddress:Port` and this is a mandatory parameter for GlusterFS dynamic provisioner.
* `restauthenabled` : Gluster REST service authentication boolean is required if the authentication is enabled on the REST server. If this value is 'true', 'restuser' and 'restuserkey' have to be filled.
* `restuser` : Gluster REST service user who has access to create volumes in the Gluster Trusted Pool.
* `restuserkey` : Gluster REST service user's password which will be used for authentication to the REST server.
#### OpenStack Cinder
```yaml
kind: StorageClass
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
metadata:
name: gold
provisioner: kubernetes.io/cinder
parameters:
type: fast
availability: nova
```
* `type`: [VolumeType](http://docs.openstack.org/admin-guide/dashboard-manage-volumes.html) created in Cinder. Default is empty.
* `availability`: Availability Zone. Default is empty.
### User provisioning requests
Users request dynamically provisioned storage by including a storage class in their `PersistentVolumeClaim`.
The annotation `volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-class` is used to access this experimental feature. It is required that this value matches the name of a `StorageClass` configured by the administrator.
In the future, the storage class may remain in an annotation or become a field on the claim itself.
```
{
"kind": "PersistentVolumeClaim",
"apiVersion": "v1",
"metadata": {
"name": "claim1",
"annotations": {
"volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-class": "slow"
}
},
"spec": {
"accessModes": [
"ReadWriteOnce"
],
"resources": {
"requests": {
"storage": "3Gi"
}
}
}
}
```
### Sample output
This example uses GCE but any provisioner would follow the same flow.
First we note there are no Persistent Volumes in the cluster. After creating a storage class and a claim including that storage class, we see a new PV is created
and automatically bound to the claim requesting storage.
```
$ kubectl get pv
$ kubectl create -f examples/experimental/persistent-volume-provisioning/gce-pd.yaml
storageclass "slow" created
$ kubectl create -f examples/experimental/persistent-volume-provisioning/claim1.json
persistentvolumeclaim "claim1" created
$ kubectl get pv
NAME CAPACITY ACCESSMODES STATUS CLAIM REASON AGE
pvc-bb6d2f0c-534c-11e6-9348-42010af00002 3Gi RWO Bound default/claim1 4s
$ kubectl get pvc
NAME LABELS STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY ACCESSMODES AGE
claim1 Bound pvc-bb6d2f0c-534c-11e6-9348-42010af00002 3Gi RWO 7s
# delete the claim to release the volume
$ kubectl delete pvc claim1
persistentvolumeclaim "claim1" deleted
# the volume is deleted in response to being release of its claim
$ kubectl get pv
```
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