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Add validation for kube-scheduler configuration options
**What this PR does / why we need it**: This adds validation to the kube-scheduler so that we're not accepting bogus values to the kube-scheduler. As requested by @bsalamat in issue https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/66743
**Which issue(s) this PR fixes**:
Fixes#66743
**Special notes for your reviewer**:
- Not sure if this validation is too heavy handed. Would love some feedback.
- I started working on this before I realized @islinwb was also working on this same problem... https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/66787 I put this PR up anyways since I'm sure good code exists in both. I wasn't aware of the /assign command so didn't assign myself before starting work.
- I didn't have time to work on adding validation to deprecated cli options. If the rest of this looks ok, I can finish that up.
- I hope the location of IsValidSocketAddr is correct. Lmk if it isn't.
**Release note**:
```release-note
Adding validation to kube-scheduler at the API level
```
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