kubernetes/pkg/kubeapiserver/options/authorization.go

/*
Copyright 2016 The Kubernetes Authors.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/

package options

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/apis/apiserver/load"
	genericfeatures "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/features"
	utilfeature "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature"

	"github.com/spf13/pflag"

	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/sets"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/wait"
	authzconfig "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/apis/apiserver"
	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/apis/apiserver/validation"
	genericoptions "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/options"
	versionedinformers "k8s.io/client-go/informers"

	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubeapiserver/authorizer"
	authzmodes "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubeapiserver/authorizer/modes"
)

const (
	defaultWebhookName                      = "default"
	authorizationModeFlag                   = "authorization-mode"
	authorizationWebhookConfigFileFlag      = "authorization-webhook-config-file"
	authorizationWebhookVersionFlag         = "authorization-webhook-version"
	authorizationWebhookAuthorizedTTLFlag   = "authorization-webhook-cache-authorized-ttl"
	authorizationWebhookUnauthorizedTTLFlag = "authorization-webhook-cache-unauthorized-ttl"
	authorizationPolicyFileFlag             = "authorization-policy-file"
	authorizationConfigFlag                 = "authorization-config"
)

// RepeatableAuthorizerTypes is the list of Authorizer that can be repeated in the Authorization Config
var repeatableAuthorizerTypes = []string{authzmodes.ModeWebhook}

// BuiltInAuthorizationOptions contains all build-in authorization options for API Server
type BuiltInAuthorizationOptions struct {
	Modes                       []string
	PolicyFile                  string
	WebhookConfigFile           string
	WebhookVersion              string
	WebhookCacheAuthorizedTTL   time.Duration
	WebhookCacheUnauthorizedTTL time.Duration
	// WebhookRetryBackoff specifies the backoff parameters for the authorization webhook retry logic.
	// This allows us to configure the sleep time at each iteration and the maximum number of retries allowed
	// before we fail the webhook call in order to limit the fan out that ensues when the system is degraded.
	WebhookRetryBackoff *wait.Backoff

	// AuthorizationConfigurationFile is mutually exclusive with all of:
	//	- Modes
	//	- WebhookConfigFile
	//	- WebHookVersion
	//	- WebhookCacheAuthorizedTTL
	//	- WebhookCacheUnauthorizedTTL
	AuthorizationConfigurationFile string

	AreLegacyFlagsSet func() bool
}

// NewBuiltInAuthorizationOptions create a BuiltInAuthorizationOptions with default value
func NewBuiltInAuthorizationOptions() *BuiltInAuthorizationOptions {
	return &BuiltInAuthorizationOptions{
		Modes:                       []string{},
		WebhookVersion:              "v1beta1",
		WebhookCacheAuthorizedTTL:   5 * time.Minute,
		WebhookCacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30 * time.Second,
		WebhookRetryBackoff:         genericoptions.DefaultAuthWebhookRetryBackoff(),
	}
}

// Complete modifies authorization options
func (o *BuiltInAuthorizationOptions) Complete() []error {
	if len(o.AuthorizationConfigurationFile) == 0 && len(o.Modes) == 0 {
		o.Modes = []string{authzmodes.ModeAlwaysAllow}
	}
	return nil
}

// Validate checks invalid config combination
func (o *BuiltInAuthorizationOptions) Validate() []error {
	if o == nil {
		return nil
	}
	var allErrors []error

	// if --authorization-config is set, check if
	// 	- the feature flag is set
	//	- legacyFlags are not set
	//	- the config file can be loaded
	//	- the config file represents a valid configuration
	if o.AuthorizationConfigurationFile != "" {
		if !utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(genericfeatures.StructuredAuthorizationConfiguration) {
			return append(allErrors, fmt.Errorf("--%s cannot be used without enabling StructuredAuthorizationConfiguration feature flag", authorizationConfigFlag))
		}

		// error out if legacy flags are defined
		if o.AreLegacyFlagsSet != nil && o.AreLegacyFlagsSet() {
			return append(allErrors, fmt.Errorf("--%s can not be specified when --%s or --authorization-webhook-* flags are defined", authorizationConfigFlag, authorizationModeFlag))
		}

		// load the file and check for errors
		config, err := load.LoadFromFile(o.AuthorizationConfigurationFile)
		if err != nil {
			return append(allErrors, fmt.Errorf("failed to load AuthorizationConfiguration from file: %v", err))
		}

		// validate the file and return any error
		if errors := validation.ValidateAuthorizationConfiguration(nil, config,
			sets.NewString(authzmodes.AuthorizationModeChoices...),
			sets.NewString(repeatableAuthorizerTypes...),
		); len(errors) != 0 {
			allErrors = append(allErrors, errors.ToAggregate().Errors()...)
		}

		// test to check if the authorizer names passed conform to the authorizers for type!=Webhook
		// this test is only for kube-apiserver and hence checked here
		// it preserves compatibility with o.buildAuthorizationConfiguration
		for _, authorizer := range config.Authorizers {
			if string(authorizer.Type) == authzmodes.ModeWebhook {
				continue
			}

			expectedName := getNameForAuthorizerMode(string(authorizer.Type))
			if expectedName != authorizer.Name {
				allErrors = append(allErrors, fmt.Errorf("expected name %s for authorizer %s instead of %s", expectedName, authorizer.Type, authorizer.Name))
			}
		}

		return allErrors
	}

	// validate the legacy flags using the legacy mode if --authorization-config is not passed
	if len(o.Modes) == 0 {
		allErrors = append(allErrors, fmt.Errorf("at least one authorization-mode must be passed"))
	}

	modes := sets.NewString(o.Modes...)
	for _, mode := range o.Modes {
		if !authzmodes.IsValidAuthorizationMode(mode) {
			allErrors = append(allErrors, fmt.Errorf("authorization-mode %q is not a valid mode", mode))
		}
		if mode == authzmodes.ModeABAC && o.PolicyFile == "" {
			allErrors = append(allErrors, fmt.Errorf("authorization-mode ABAC's authorization policy file not passed"))
		}
		if mode == authzmodes.ModeWebhook && o.WebhookConfigFile == "" {
			allErrors = append(allErrors, fmt.Errorf("authorization-mode Webhook's authorization config file not passed"))
		}
	}

	if o.PolicyFile != "" && !modes.Has(authzmodes.ModeABAC) {
		allErrors = append(allErrors, fmt.Errorf("cannot specify --authorization-policy-file without mode ABAC"))
	}

	if o.WebhookConfigFile != "" && !modes.Has(authzmodes.ModeWebhook) {
		allErrors = append(allErrors, fmt.Errorf("cannot specify --authorization-webhook-config-file without mode Webhook"))
	}

	if len(o.Modes) != modes.Len() {
		allErrors = append(allErrors, fmt.Errorf("authorization-mode %q has mode specified more than once", o.Modes))
	}

	if o.WebhookRetryBackoff != nil && o.WebhookRetryBackoff.Steps <= 0 {
		allErrors = append(allErrors, fmt.Errorf("number of webhook retry attempts must be greater than 0, but is: %d", o.WebhookRetryBackoff.Steps))
	}

	return allErrors
}

// AddFlags returns flags of authorization for a API Server
func (o *BuiltInAuthorizationOptions) AddFlags(fs *pflag.FlagSet) {
	if o == nil {
		return
	}

	fs.StringSliceVar(&o.Modes, authorizationModeFlag, o.Modes, ""+
		"Ordered list of plug-ins to do authorization on secure port. Defaults to AlwaysAllow if --authorization-config is not used. Comma-delimited list of: "+
		strings.Join(authzmodes.AuthorizationModeChoices, ",")+".")

	fs.StringVar(&o.PolicyFile, authorizationPolicyFileFlag, o.PolicyFile, ""+
		"File with authorization policy in json line by line format, used with --authorization-mode=ABAC, on the secure port.")

	fs.StringVar(&o.WebhookConfigFile, authorizationWebhookConfigFileFlag, o.WebhookConfigFile, ""+
		"File with webhook configuration in kubeconfig format, used with --authorization-mode=Webhook. "+
		"The API server will query the remote service to determine access on the API server's secure port.")

	fs.StringVar(&o.WebhookVersion, authorizationWebhookVersionFlag, o.WebhookVersion, ""+
		"The API version of the authorization.k8s.io SubjectAccessReview to send to and expect from the webhook.")

	fs.DurationVar(&o.WebhookCacheAuthorizedTTL, authorizationWebhookAuthorizedTTLFlag,
		o.WebhookCacheAuthorizedTTL,
		"The duration to cache 'authorized' responses from the webhook authorizer.")

	fs.DurationVar(&o.WebhookCacheUnauthorizedTTL,
		authorizationWebhookUnauthorizedTTLFlag, o.WebhookCacheUnauthorizedTTL,
		"The duration to cache 'unauthorized' responses from the webhook authorizer.")

	fs.StringVar(&o.AuthorizationConfigurationFile, authorizationConfigFlag, o.AuthorizationConfigurationFile, ""+
		"File with Authorization Configuration to configure the authorizer chain."+
		"Note: This feature is in Alpha since v1.29."+
		"--feature-gate=StructuredAuthorizationConfiguration=true feature flag needs to be set to true for enabling the functionality."+
		"This feature is mutually exclusive with the other --authorization-mode and --authorization-webhook-* flags.")

	// preserves compatibility with any method set during initialization
	oldAreLegacyFlagsSet := o.AreLegacyFlagsSet
	o.AreLegacyFlagsSet = func() bool {
		if oldAreLegacyFlagsSet != nil && oldAreLegacyFlagsSet() {
			return true
		}

		return fs.Changed(authorizationModeFlag) ||
			fs.Changed(authorizationWebhookConfigFileFlag) ||
			fs.Changed(authorizationWebhookVersionFlag) ||
			fs.Changed(authorizationWebhookAuthorizedTTLFlag) ||
			fs.Changed(authorizationWebhookUnauthorizedTTLFlag)
	}
}

// ToAuthorizationConfig convert BuiltInAuthorizationOptions to authorizer.Config
func (o *BuiltInAuthorizationOptions) ToAuthorizationConfig(versionedInformerFactory versionedinformers.SharedInformerFactory) (*authorizer.Config, error) {
	if o == nil {
		return nil, nil
	}

	var authorizationConfiguration *authzconfig.AuthorizationConfiguration
	var err error

	// if --authorization-config is set, check if
	// 	- the feature flag is set
	//	- legacyFlags are not set
	//	- the config file can be loaded
	//	- the config file represents a valid configuration
	// else,
	//	- build the AuthorizationConfig from the legacy flags
	if o.AuthorizationConfigurationFile != "" {
		if !utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(genericfeatures.StructuredAuthorizationConfiguration) {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("--%s cannot be used without enabling StructuredAuthorizationConfiguration feature flag", authorizationConfigFlag)
		}

		// error out if legacy flags are defined
		if o.AreLegacyFlagsSet != nil && o.AreLegacyFlagsSet() {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("--%s can not be specified when --%s or --authorization-webhook-* flags are defined", authorizationConfigFlag, authorizationModeFlag)
		}

		// load the file and check for errors
		authorizationConfiguration, err = load.LoadFromFile(o.AuthorizationConfigurationFile)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to load AuthorizationConfiguration from file: %v", err)
		}

		// validate the file and return any error
		if errors := validation.ValidateAuthorizationConfiguration(nil, authorizationConfiguration,
			sets.NewString(authzmodes.AuthorizationModeChoices...),
			sets.NewString(repeatableAuthorizerTypes...),
		); len(errors) != 0 {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf(errors.ToAggregate().Error())
		}
	} else {
		authorizationConfiguration, err = o.buildAuthorizationConfiguration()
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to build authorization config: %s", err)
		}
	}

	return &authorizer.Config{
		PolicyFile:               o.PolicyFile,
		VersionedInformerFactory: versionedInformerFactory,
		WebhookRetryBackoff:      o.WebhookRetryBackoff,

		AuthorizationConfiguration: authorizationConfiguration,
	}, nil
}

// buildAuthorizationConfiguration converts existing flags to the AuthorizationConfiguration format
func (o *BuiltInAuthorizationOptions) buildAuthorizationConfiguration() (*authzconfig.AuthorizationConfiguration, error) {
	var authorizers []authzconfig.AuthorizerConfiguration

	if len(o.Modes) != sets.NewString(o.Modes...).Len() {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("modes should not be repeated in --authorization-mode")
	}

	for _, mode := range o.Modes {
		switch mode {
		case authzmodes.ModeWebhook:
			authorizers = append(authorizers, authzconfig.AuthorizerConfiguration{
				Type: authzconfig.TypeWebhook,
				Name: defaultWebhookName,
				Webhook: &authzconfig.WebhookConfiguration{
					AuthorizedTTL:   metav1.Duration{Duration: o.WebhookCacheAuthorizedTTL},
					UnauthorizedTTL: metav1.Duration{Duration: o.WebhookCacheUnauthorizedTTL},
					// Timeout and FailurePolicy are required for the new configuration.
					// Setting these two implicitly to preserve backward compatibility.
					Timeout:                    metav1.Duration{Duration: 30 * time.Second},
					FailurePolicy:              authzconfig.FailurePolicyNoOpinion,
					SubjectAccessReviewVersion: o.WebhookVersion,
					ConnectionInfo: authzconfig.WebhookConnectionInfo{
						Type:           authzconfig.AuthorizationWebhookConnectionInfoTypeKubeConfigFile,
						KubeConfigFile: &o.WebhookConfigFile,
					},
				},
			})
		default:
			authorizers = append(authorizers, authzconfig.AuthorizerConfiguration{
				Type: authzconfig.AuthorizerType(mode),
				Name: getNameForAuthorizerMode(mode),
			})
		}
	}

	return &authzconfig.AuthorizationConfiguration{Authorizers: authorizers}, nil
}

// getNameForAuthorizerMode returns the name to be set for the mode in AuthorizationConfiguration
// For now, lower cases the mode name
func getNameForAuthorizerMode(mode string) string {
	return strings.ToLower(mode)
}