diff --git a/example/simple/src/main.c b/example/simple/src/main.c
index cd503e7..1a0b07f 100644
--- a/example/simple/src/main.c
+++ b/example/simple/src/main.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright(c) 2019-2021 Intel Corporation
+ * Copyright(c) 2019-2022 Intel Corporation
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
  */
 
@@ -260,11 +260,12 @@ int submit_io(ocf_core_t core, struct volume_data *data,
 		uint64_t addr, uint64_t len, int dir, ocf_end_io_t cmpl)
 {
 	ocf_cache_t cache = ocf_core_get_cache(core);
+	ocf_volume_t core_vol = ocf_core_get_front_volume(core);
 	struct cache_priv *cache_priv = ocf_cache_get_priv(cache);
 	struct ocf_io *io;
 
 	/* Allocate new io */
-	io = ocf_core_new_io(core, cache_priv->io_queue, addr, len, dir, 0, 0);
+	io = ocf_volume_new_io(core_vol, cache_priv->io_queue, addr, len, dir, 0, 0);
 	if (!io)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
diff --git a/inc/ocf_core.h b/inc/ocf_core.h
index 04fff9b..e372369 100644
--- a/inc/ocf_core.h
+++ b/inc/ocf_core.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright(c) 2012-2021 Intel Corporation
+ * Copyright(c) 2012-2022 Intel Corporation
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
  */
 
@@ -146,29 +146,6 @@ const char *ocf_core_get_name(ocf_core_t core);
  */
 ocf_core_state_t ocf_core_get_state(ocf_core_t core);
 
-/**
- * @brief Allocate new ocf_io
- *
- * @param[in] core Core object
- * @param[in] queue IO queue handle
- * @param[in] addr OCF IO destination address
- * @param[in] bytes OCF IO size in bytes
- * @param[in] dir OCF IO direction
- * @param[in] io_class OCF IO destination class
- * @param[in] flags OCF IO flags
- *
- * @retval ocf_io object
- */
-static inline struct ocf_io *ocf_core_new_io(ocf_core_t core, ocf_queue_t queue,
-		uint64_t addr, uint32_t bytes, uint32_t dir,
-		uint32_t io_class, uint64_t flags)
-{
-	ocf_volume_t volume = ocf_core_get_front_volume(core);
-
-	return ocf_volume_new_io(volume, queue, addr, bytes, dir,
-			io_class, flags);
-}
-
 /**
  * @brief Submit ocf_io
  *
diff --git a/tests/functional/pyocf/rio.py b/tests/functional/pyocf/rio.py
index 6231b42..1462c16 100644
--- a/tests/functional/pyocf/rio.py
+++ b/tests/functional/pyocf/rio.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright(c) 2021 Intel Corporation
+# Copyright(c) 2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
diff --git a/tests/functional/pyocf/types/cache.py b/tests/functional/pyocf/types/cache.py
index f8709a6..0619ddb 100644
--- a/tests/functional/pyocf/types/cache.py
+++ b/tests/functional/pyocf/types/cache.py
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@ from ..utils import Size, struct_to_dict
 from .core import Core
 from .queue import Queue
 from .stats.cache import CacheInfo
+from .io import IoDir
 from .ioclass import IoClassesInfo, IoClassInfo
 from .stats.shared import UsageStats, RequestsStats, BlocksStats, ErrorsStats
 from .ctx import OcfCtx
-from .volume import Volume
-
+from .volume import RamVolume
 
 class Backfill(Structure):
     _fields_ = [("_max_queue_size", c_uint32), ("_queue_unblock_size", c_uint32)]
@@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ class Cache:
             raise OcfError("Failed getting core by name", result)
 
         uuid = self.owner.lib.ocf_core_get_uuid_wrapper(core_handle)
-        device = Volume.get_by_uuid(uuid.contents._data.decode("ascii"))
+        device = RamVolume.get_by_uuid(uuid.contents._data.decode("ascii"))
         core = Core(device)
         core.cache = self
         core.handle = core_handle
@@ -749,6 +749,12 @@ class Cache:
 
         self.cores.remove(core)
 
+    def get_front_volume(self):
+        return Volume.get_instance(lib.ocf_cache_get_front_volume(self.cache_handle))
+
+    def get_volume(self):
+        return Volume.get_instance(lib.ocf_cache_get_volume(self.cache_handle))
+
     def get_stats(self):
         cache_info = CacheInfo()
         usage = UsageStats()
@@ -897,6 +903,10 @@ lib.ocf_mngt_cache_remove_core.argtypes = [c_void_p, c_void_p, c_void_p]
 lib.ocf_mngt_cache_add_core.argtypes = [c_void_p, c_void_p, c_void_p, c_void_p]
 lib.ocf_cache_get_name.argtypes = [c_void_p]
 lib.ocf_cache_get_name.restype = c_char_p
+lib.ocf_cache_get_front_volume.argtypes = [c_void_p]
+lib.ocf_cache_get_front_volume.restype = c_void_p
+lib.ocf_cache_get_volume.argtypes = [c_void_p]
+lib.ocf_cache_get_volume.restype = c_void_p
 lib.ocf_mngt_cache_cleaning_set_policy.argtypes = [
     c_void_p,
     c_uint32,
diff --git a/tests/functional/pyocf/types/core.py b/tests/functional/pyocf/types/core.py
index 201706a..9ee0bdf 100644
--- a/tests/functional/pyocf/types/core.py
+++ b/tests/functional/pyocf/types/core.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright(c) 2019-2021 Intel Corporation
+# Copyright(c) 2019-2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
@@ -99,30 +99,14 @@ class Core:
     def get_handle(self):
         return self.handle
 
-    def new_io(
-        self, queue: Queue, addr: int, length: int, direction: IoDir,
-        io_class: int, flags: int
-    ):
-        if not self.cache:
-            raise Exception("Core isn't attached to any cache")
+    def get_front_volume(self):
+        return Volume.get_instance(lib.ocf_core_get_front_volume(self.handle))
 
-        io = OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_core_new_io_wrapper(
-            self.handle, queue.handle, addr, length, direction, io_class, flags)
+    def get_volume(self):
+        return Volume.get_instance(lib.ocf_core_get_volume(self.handle))
 
-        if io is None:
-            raise Exception("Failed to create io!")
-
-        return Io.from_pointer(io)
-
-    def new_core_io(
-        self, queue: Queue, addr: int, length: int, direction: IoDir,
-        io_class: int, flags: int
-    ):
-        lib = OcfLib.getInstance()
-        volume = lib.ocf_core_get_volume(self.handle)
-        io = lib.ocf_volume_new_io(
-            volume, queue.handle, addr, length, direction, io_class, flags)
-        return Io.from_pointer(io)
+    def get_default_queue(self):
+        return self.cache.get_default_queue()
 
     def get_stats(self):
         core_info = CoreInfo()
@@ -191,52 +175,13 @@ class Core:
     def reset_stats(self):
         self.cache.owner.lib.ocf_core_stats_initialize(self.handle)
 
-    def exp_obj_md5(self):
-        logging.getLogger("pyocf").warning(
-            "Reading whole exported object! This disturbs statistics values"
-        )
-
-        cache_line_size = int(self.cache.get_stats()['conf']['cache_line_size'])
-        read_buffer_all = Data(self.device.size)
-
-        read_buffer = Data(cache_line_size)
-
-        position = 0
-        while position < read_buffer_all.size:
-            io = self.new_io(self.cache.get_default_queue(), position,
-                             cache_line_size, IoDir.READ, 0, 0)
-            io.set_data(read_buffer)
-
-            cmpl = OcfCompletion([("err", c_int)])
-            io.callback = cmpl.callback
-            io.submit()
-            cmpl.wait()
-
-            if cmpl.results["err"]:
-                raise Exception("Error reading whole exported object")
-
-            read_buffer_all.copy(read_buffer, position, 0, cache_line_size)
-            position += cache_line_size
-
-        return read_buffer_all.md5()
-
-
 lib = OcfLib.getInstance()
 lib.ocf_core_get_uuid_wrapper.restype = POINTER(Uuid)
 lib.ocf_core_get_uuid_wrapper.argtypes = [c_void_p]
-lib.ocf_core_get_volume.restype = c_void_p
-lib.ocf_volume_new_io.argtypes = [
-    c_void_p,
-    c_void_p,
-    c_uint64,
-    c_uint32,
-    c_uint32,
-    c_uint32,
-    c_uint64,
-]
-lib.ocf_volume_new_io.restype = c_void_p
 lib.ocf_core_get_volume.argtypes = [c_void_p]
 lib.ocf_core_get_volume.restype = c_void_p
+lib.ocf_core_get_front_volume.argtypes = [c_void_p]
+lib.ocf_core_get_front_volume.restype = c_void_p
 lib.ocf_mngt_core_set_seq_cutoff_policy.argtypes = [c_void_p, c_uint32]
 lib.ocf_mngt_core_set_seq_cutoff_policy.restype = c_int
 lib.ocf_mngt_core_set_seq_cutoff_threshold.argtypes = [c_void_p, c_uint32]
@@ -247,13 +192,3 @@ lib.ocf_stats_collect_core.argtypes = [c_void_p, c_void_p, c_void_p, c_void_p, c
 lib.ocf_stats_collect_core.restype = c_int
 lib.ocf_core_get_info.argtypes = [c_void_p, c_void_p]
 lib.ocf_core_get_info.restype = c_int
-lib.ocf_core_new_io_wrapper.argtypes = [
-    c_void_p,
-    c_void_p,
-    c_uint64,
-    c_uint32,
-    c_uint32,
-    c_uint32,
-    c_uint64,
-]
-lib.ocf_core_new_io_wrapper.restype = c_void_p
diff --git a/tests/functional/pyocf/types/ctx.py b/tests/functional/pyocf/types/ctx.py
index 030adbf..d26ec35 100644
--- a/tests/functional/pyocf/types/ctx.py
+++ b/tests/functional/pyocf/types/ctx.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright(c) 2019-2021 Intel Corporation
+# Copyright(c) 2019-2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
@@ -12,8 +12,6 @@ from .cleaner import CleanerOps, Cleaner
 from .shared import OcfError
 from ..ocf import OcfLib
 from .queue import Queue
-from .volume import Volume
-
 
 class OcfCtxOps(Structure):
     _fields_ = [
diff --git a/tests/functional/pyocf/types/io.py b/tests/functional/pyocf/types/io.py
index 467e3a8..e314a80 100644
--- a/tests/functional/pyocf/types/io.py
+++ b/tests/functional/pyocf/types/io.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright(c) 2019-2021 Intel Corporation
+# Copyright(c) 2019-2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
@@ -96,7 +96,13 @@ class Io(Structure):
         self.del_object()
 
     def submit(self):
-        return OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_core_submit_io_wrapper(byref(self))
+        return OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_volume_submit_io(byref(self))
+
+    def submit_flush(self):
+        return OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_volume_submit_flush(byref(self))
+
+    def submit_discard(self):
+        return OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_volume_submit_discard(byref(self))
 
     def set_data(self, data: Data, offset: int = 0):
         self.data = data
@@ -111,8 +117,14 @@ IoOps._fields_ = [("_set_data", IoOps.SET_DATA), ("_get_data", IoOps.GET_DATA)]
 lib = OcfLib.getInstance()
 lib.ocf_io_set_cmpl_wrapper.argtypes = [POINTER(Io), c_void_p, c_void_p, Io.END]
 
-lib.ocf_core_new_io_wrapper.argtypes = [c_void_p]
-lib.ocf_core_new_io_wrapper.restype = c_void_p
-
 lib.ocf_io_set_data.argtypes = [POINTER(Io), c_void_p, c_uint32]
 lib.ocf_io_set_data.restype = c_int
+
+lib.ocf_volume_submit_io.argtypes = [POINTER(Io)]
+lib.ocf_volume_submit_io.restype = None
+
+lib.ocf_volume_submit_flush.argtypes = [POINTER(Io)]
+lib.ocf_volume_submit_flush.restype = None
+
+lib.ocf_volume_submit_discard.argtypes = [POINTER(Io)]
+lib.ocf_volume_submit_discard.restype = None
diff --git a/tests/functional/pyocf/types/volume.py b/tests/functional/pyocf/types/volume.py
index 4fbac92..db344bb 100644
--- a/tests/functional/pyocf/types/volume.py
+++ b/tests/functional/pyocf/types/volume.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright(c) 2019-2021 Intel Corporation
+# Copyright(c) 2019-2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
@@ -24,10 +24,12 @@ from hashlib import md5
 import weakref
 
 from .io import Io, IoOps, IoDir
+from .queue import Queue
 from .shared import OcfErrorCode, Uuid
 from ..ocf import OcfLib
 from ..utils import print_buffer, Size as S
 from .data import Data
+from .queue import Queue
 
 
 class VolumeCaps(Structure):
@@ -66,75 +68,137 @@ class VolumeProperties(Structure):
         ("_caps", VolumeCaps),
         ("_io_ops", IoOps),
         ("_deinit", c_char_p),
-        ("_ops", VolumeOps),
+        ("_ops_", VolumeOps),
     ]
 
-
 class VolumeIoPriv(Structure):
     _fields_ = [("_data", c_void_p), ("_offset", c_uint64)]
 
 
-class Volume(Structure):
-    VOLUME_POISON = 0x13
+VOLUME_POISON = 0x13
 
-    _fields_ = [("_storage", c_void_p)]
+
+class Volume:
     _instances_ = weakref.WeakValueDictionary()
     _uuid_ = weakref.WeakValueDictionary()
+    _ops_ = {}
+    _props_ = {}
 
-    props = None
+    @classmethod
+    def get_ops(cls):
+        if cls in Volume._ops_:
+            return Volume._ops_[cls]
 
-    def __init__(self, size: S, uuid=None):
-        super().__init__()
-        self.size = size
-        if uuid:
-            if uuid in type(self)._uuid_:
-                raise Exception(
-                    "Volume with uuid {} already created".format(uuid)
-                )
-            self.uuid = uuid
-        else:
-            self.uuid = str(id(self))
+        @VolumeOps.SUBMIT_IO
+        def _submit_io(io):
+            io_structure = cast(io, POINTER(Io))
+            volume = Volume.get_instance(
+                OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_io_get_volume(io_structure)
+            )
 
-        type(self)._uuid_[self.uuid] = self
+            volume.submit_io(io_structure)
 
-        self.data = create_string_buffer(int(self.size))
-        memset(self.data, self.VOLUME_POISON, self.size)
-        self._storage = cast(self.data, c_void_p)
+        @VolumeOps.SUBMIT_FLUSH
+        def _submit_flush(flush):
+            io_structure = cast(flush, POINTER(Io))
+            volume = Volume.get_instance(
+                OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_io_get_volume(io_structure)
+            )
 
-        self.reset_stats()
-        self.opened = False
+            volume.submit_flush(io_structure)
 
-    def get_copy(self):
-        new_volume = Volume(self.size)
-        memmove(new_volume.data, self.data, self.size)
-        return new_volume
+        @VolumeOps.SUBMIT_METADATA
+        def _submit_metadata(meta):
+            raise NotImplementedError
+
+        @VolumeOps.SUBMIT_DISCARD
+        def _submit_discard(discard):
+            io_structure = cast(discard, POINTER(Io))
+            volume = Volume.get_instance(
+                OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_io_get_volume(io_structure)
+            )
+
+            volume.submit_discard(io_structure)
+
+        @VolumeOps.SUBMIT_WRITE_ZEROES
+        def _submit_write_zeroes(write_zeroes):
+            raise NotImplementedError
+
+        @VolumeOps.OPEN
+        def _open(ref):
+            uuid_ptr = cast(
+                OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_volume_get_uuid(ref), POINTER(Uuid)
+            )
+            uuid = str(uuid_ptr.contents._data, encoding="ascii")
+            try:
+                volume = Volume.get_by_uuid(uuid)
+            except:  # noqa E722 TODO:Investigate whether this really should be so broad
+                print("Tried to access unallocated volume {}".format(uuid))
+                print("{}".format(Volume._uuid_))
+                return -1
+
+            return Volume.open(ref, volume)
+
+        @VolumeOps.CLOSE
+        def _close(ref):
+            volume = Volume.get_instance(ref)
+            volume.close()
+            volume.opened = False
+
+        @VolumeOps.GET_MAX_IO_SIZE
+        def _get_max_io_size(ref):
+            return Volume.get_instance(ref).get_max_io_size()
+
+        @VolumeOps.GET_LENGTH
+        def _get_length(ref):
+            return Volume.get_instance(ref).get_length()
+
+        Volume._ops_[cls] = VolumeOps(
+            _submit_io=_submit_io,
+            _submit_flush=_submit_flush,
+            _submit_metadata=_submit_metadata,
+            _submit_discard=_submit_discard,
+            _submit_write_zeroes=_submit_write_zeroes,
+            _open=_open,
+            _close=_close,
+            _get_max_io_size=_get_max_io_size,
+            _get_length=_get_length,
+        )
+
+        return Volume._ops_[cls]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def open(ref, volume):
+        if volume.opened:
+            return -OcfErrorCode.OCF_ERR_NOT_OPEN_EXC
+
+        Volume._instances_[ref] = volume
+        volume.handle = ref
+
+        return volume.do_open()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_io_ops(cls):
+        return IoOps(_set_data=cls._io_set_data, _get_data=cls._io_get_data)
 
     @classmethod
     def get_props(cls):
-        if not cls.props:
-            cls.props = VolumeProperties(
-                _name=str(cls.__name__).encode("ascii"),
-                _io_priv_size=sizeof(VolumeIoPriv),
-                _volume_priv_size=0,
-                _caps=VolumeCaps(_atomic_writes=0),
-                _ops=VolumeOps(
-                    _submit_io=cls._submit_io,
-                    _submit_flush=cls._submit_flush,
-                    _submit_metadata=cls._submit_metadata,
-                    _submit_discard=cls._submit_discard,
-                    _submit_write_zeroes=cls._submit_write_zeroes,
-                    _open=cls._open,
-                    _close=cls._close,
-                    _get_max_io_size=cls._get_max_io_size,
-                    _get_length=cls._get_length,
-                ),
-                _io_ops=IoOps(
-                    _set_data=cls._io_set_data, _get_data=cls._io_get_data
-                ),
-                _deinit=0,
-            )
+        if cls in Volume._props_:
+            return Volume._props_[cls]
 
-        return cls.props
+        Volume._props_[cls] = VolumeProperties(
+            _name=str(cls.__name__).encode("ascii"),
+            _io_priv_size=sizeof(VolumeIoPriv),
+            _volume_priv_size=0,
+            _caps=VolumeCaps(_atomic_writes=0),
+            _ops_=cls.get_ops(),
+            _io_ops=cls.get_io_ops(),
+            _deinit=0,
+        )
+        return Volume._props_[cls]
+
+    def get_copy(self):
+        raise NotImplementedError
 
     @classmethod
     def get_instance(cls, ref):
@@ -148,84 +212,6 @@ class Volume(Structure):
     def get_by_uuid(cls, uuid):
         return cls._uuid_[uuid]
 
-    @staticmethod
-    @VolumeOps.SUBMIT_IO
-    def _submit_io(io):
-        io_structure = cast(io, POINTER(Io))
-        volume = Volume.get_instance(
-            OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_io_get_volume(io_structure)
-        )
-
-        volume.submit_io(io_structure)
-
-    @staticmethod
-    @VolumeOps.SUBMIT_FLUSH
-    def _submit_flush(flush):
-        io_structure = cast(flush, POINTER(Io))
-        volume = Volume.get_instance(
-            OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_io_get_volume(io_structure)
-        )
-
-        volume.submit_flush(io_structure)
-
-    @staticmethod
-    @VolumeOps.SUBMIT_METADATA
-    def _submit_metadata(meta):
-        pass
-
-    @staticmethod
-    @VolumeOps.SUBMIT_DISCARD
-    def _submit_discard(discard):
-        io_structure = cast(discard, POINTER(Io))
-        volume = Volume.get_instance(
-            OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_io_get_volume(io_structure)
-        )
-
-        volume.submit_discard(io_structure)
-
-    @staticmethod
-    @VolumeOps.SUBMIT_WRITE_ZEROES
-    def _submit_write_zeroes(write_zeroes):
-        pass
-
-    @staticmethod
-    @CFUNCTYPE(c_int, c_void_p)
-    def _open(ref):
-        uuid_ptr = cast(
-            OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_volume_get_uuid(ref), POINTER(Uuid)
-        )
-        uuid = str(uuid_ptr.contents._data, encoding="ascii")
-        try:
-            volume = Volume.get_by_uuid(uuid)
-        except:  # noqa E722 TODO:Investigate whether this really should be so broad
-            print("Tried to access unallocated volume {}".format(uuid))
-            print("{}".format(Volume._uuid_))
-            return -1
-
-        if volume.opened:
-            return -OcfErrorCode.OCF_ERR_NOT_OPEN_EXC
-
-        Volume._instances_[ref] = volume
-
-        return volume.open()
-
-    @staticmethod
-    @VolumeOps.CLOSE
-    def _close(ref):
-        volume = Volume.get_instance(ref)
-        volume.close()
-        volume.opened = False
-
-    @staticmethod
-    @VolumeOps.GET_MAX_IO_SIZE
-    def _get_max_io_size(ref):
-        return Volume.get_instance(ref).get_max_io_size()
-
-    @staticmethod
-    @VolumeOps.GET_LENGTH
-    def _get_length(ref):
-        return Volume.get_instance(ref).get_length()
-
     @staticmethod
     @IoOps.SET_DATA
     def _io_set_data(io, data, offset):
@@ -246,36 +232,40 @@ class Volume(Structure):
         )
         return io_priv.contents._data
 
-    def open(self):
+    def __init__(self, uuid=None):
+        if uuid:
+            if uuid in type(self)._uuid_:
+                raise Exception(
+                    "Volume with uuid {} already created".format(uuid)
+                )
+            self.uuid = uuid
+        else:
+            self.uuid = str(id(self))
+
+        type(self)._uuid_[self.uuid] = self
+
+        self.reset_stats()
+        self.is_online = True
+        self.opened = False
+
+    def do_open(self):
         self.opened = True
         return 0
 
     def close(self):
-        pass
+        self.opened = False
 
     def get_length(self):
-        return self.size
-
-    def resize(self, size):
-        self.size = size
-        self.data = create_string_buffer(int(self.size))
-        memset(self.data, self.VOLUME_POISON, self.size)
-        self._storage = cast(self.data, c_void_p)
+        raise NotImplementedError
 
     def get_max_io_size(self):
-        return S.from_KiB(128)
+        raise NotImplementedError
 
-    def submit_flush(self, flush):
-        flush.contents._end(flush, 0)
+    def do_submit_flush(self, flush):
+        raise NotImplementedError
 
-    def submit_discard(self, discard):
-        try:
-            dst = self._storage + discard.contents._addr
-            memset(dst, 0, discard.contents._bytes)
-
-            discard.contents._end(discard, 0)
-        except:  # noqa E722
-            discard.contents._end(discard, -OcfErrorCode.OCF_ERR_NOT_SUPP)
+    def do_submit_discard(self, discard):
+        raise NotImplementedError
 
     def get_stats(self):
         return self.stats
@@ -283,10 +273,103 @@ class Volume(Structure):
     def reset_stats(self):
         self.stats = {IoDir.WRITE: 0, IoDir.READ: 0}
 
-    def submit_io(self, io):
-        try:
-            self.stats[IoDir(io.contents._dir)] += 1
+    def inc_stats(self, _dir):
+        self.stats[_dir] += 1
 
+    def do_submit_io(self, io):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def dump(self, offset=0, size=0, ignore=VOLUME_POISON, **kwargs):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def md5(self):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def offline(self):
+        self.is_online = False
+
+    def online(self):
+        self.is_online = True
+
+    def _reject_io(self, io):
+        cast(io, POINTER(Io)).contents._end(io, -OcfErrorCode.OCF_ERR_IO)
+
+    def submit_flush(self, io):
+        if self.is_online:
+            self.do_submit_flush(io)
+        else:
+            self._reject_io(io)
+
+    def submit_io(self, io):
+        if self.is_online:
+            self.inc_stats(IoDir(io.contents._dir))
+            self.do_submit_io(io)
+        else:
+            self._reject_io(io)
+
+    def submit_discard(self, io):
+        if self.is_online:
+            self.do_submit_discard(io)
+        else:
+            self._reject_io(io)
+
+    def new_io(
+        self,
+        queue: Queue,
+        addr: int,
+        length: int,
+        direction: IoDir,
+        io_class: int,
+        flags: int,
+    ):
+        lib = OcfLib.getInstance()
+        io = lib.ocf_volume_new_io(
+            self.handle, queue.handle, addr, length, direction, io_class, flags
+        )
+        return Io.from_pointer(io)
+
+
+class RamVolume(Volume):
+    props = None
+
+    def __init__(self, size: S, uuid=None):
+        super().__init__(uuid)
+        self.size = size
+        self.data = create_string_buffer(int(self.size))
+        memset(self.data, VOLUME_POISON, self.size)
+        self.data_ptr = cast(self.data, c_void_p).value
+
+    def get_copy(self):
+        new_volume = RamVolume(self.size)
+        memmove(new_volume.data, self.data, self.size)
+        return new_volume
+
+    def get_length(self):
+        return self.size
+
+    def resize(self, size):
+        self.size = size
+        self.data = create_string_buffer(int(self.size))
+        memset(self.data, VOLUME_POISON, self.size)
+        self.data_ptr = cast(self.data, c_void_p).value
+
+    def get_max_io_size(self):
+        return S.from_KiB(128)
+
+    def do_submit_flush(self, flush):
+        flush.contents._end(flush, 0)
+
+    def do_submit_discard(self, discard):
+        try:
+            dst = self.data_ptr + discard.contents._addr
+            memset(dst, 0, discard.contents._bytes)
+
+            discard.contents._end(discard, 0)
+        except:  # noqa E722
+            discard.contents._end(discard, -OcfErrorCode.OCF_ERR_NOT_SUPP)
+
+    def do_submit_io(self, io):
+        try:
             io_priv = cast(
                 OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_io_get_priv(io), POINTER(VolumeIoPriv))
             offset = io_priv.contents._offset
@@ -294,11 +377,11 @@ class Volume(Structure):
             if io.contents._dir == IoDir.WRITE:
                 src_ptr = cast(OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_io_get_data(io), c_void_p)
                 src = Data.get_instance(src_ptr.value).handle.value + offset
-                dst = self._storage + io.contents._addr
+                dst = self.data_ptr + io.contents._addr
             elif io.contents._dir == IoDir.READ:
                 dst_ptr = cast(OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_io_get_data(io), c_void_p)
                 dst = Data.get_instance(dst_ptr.value).handle.value + offset
-                src = self._storage + io.contents._addr
+                src = self.data_ptr + io.contents._addr
 
             memmove(dst, src, io.contents._bytes)
             io_priv.contents._offset += io.contents._bytes
@@ -311,18 +394,18 @@ class Volume(Structure):
         if size == 0:
             size = int(self.size) - int(offset)
 
-        print_buffer(self._storage, size, ignore=ignore, **kwargs)
+        print_buffer(self.data_ptr, size, ignore=ignore, **kwargs)
 
     def md5(self):
         m = md5()
-        m.update(string_at(self._storage, self.size))
+        m.update(string_at(self.data_ptr, self.size))
         return m.hexdigest()
 
     def get_bytes(self):
-        return string_at(self._storage, self.size)
+        return string_at(self.data_ptr, self.size)
 
 
-class ErrorDevice(Volume):
+class ErrorDevice(RamVolume):
     def __init__(
         self,
         size,
@@ -341,9 +424,9 @@ class ErrorDevice(Volume):
     def set_mapping(self, error_sectors: set):
         self.error_sectors = error_sectors
 
-    def submit_io(self, io):
+    def do_submit_io(self, io):
         if not self.armed:
-            super().submit_io(io)
+            super().do_submit_io(io)
             return
 
         direction = IoDir(io.contents._dir)
@@ -368,7 +451,7 @@ class ErrorDevice(Volume):
             io.contents._end(io, -OcfErrorCode.OCF_ERR_IO)
             self.stats["errors"][direction] += 1
         else:
-            super().submit_io(io)
+            super().do_submit_io(io)
 
     def arm(self):
         self.armed = True
@@ -384,24 +467,19 @@ class ErrorDevice(Volume):
         self.stats["errors"] = {IoDir.WRITE: 0, IoDir.READ: 0}
 
 
-class TraceDevice(Volume):
-    def __init__(self, size, trace_fcn=None, uuid=None):
-        super().__init__(size, uuid)
-        self.trace_fcn = trace_fcn
-
-    def submit_io(self, io):
-        submit = True
-
-        if self.trace_fcn:
-            submit = self.trace_fcn(self, io)
-
-        if submit:
-            super().submit_io(io)
-
-
 lib = OcfLib.getInstance()
 lib.ocf_io_get_priv.restype = POINTER(VolumeIoPriv)
 lib.ocf_io_get_volume.argtypes = [c_void_p]
 lib.ocf_io_get_volume.restype = c_void_p
 lib.ocf_io_get_data.argtypes = [c_void_p]
 lib.ocf_io_get_data.restype = c_void_p
+lib.ocf_volume_new_io.argtypes = [
+    c_void_p,
+    c_void_p,
+    c_uint64,
+    c_uint32,
+    c_uint32,
+    c_uint32,
+    c_uint64,
+]
+lib.ocf_volume_new_io.restype = c_void_p
diff --git a/tests/functional/pyocf/types/volume_cache.py b/tests/functional/pyocf/types/volume_cache.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d44e683
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/functional/pyocf/types/volume_cache.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#
+# Copyright(c) 2022 Intel Corporation
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+#
+
+from ctypes import cast, POINTER
+
+from .cache import Cache
+from .io import Io
+from .io import IoDir
+from .volume_exp_obj import ExpObjVolume
+from .volume import Volume
+
+
+class CacheVolume(ExpObjVolume):
+    def __init__(self, cache, open=False, uuid=None):
+        super().__init__(cache, uuid)
+        self.cache = cache
+        self.lib = cache.owner.lib
+        if open:
+            self.open()
+
+    def open(self):
+        return Volume.open(
+            self.lib.ocf_cache_get_front_volume(self.cache.handle),
+            self
+        )
+
+    def md5(self):
+        cache_line_size = int(self.cache.get_stats()['conf']['cache_line_size'])
+        return self._exp_obj_md5(cache_line_size)
diff --git a/tests/functional/pyocf/types/volume_core.py b/tests/functional/pyocf/types/volume_core.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af0badd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/functional/pyocf/types/volume_core.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#
+# Copyright(c) 2022 Intel Corporation
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+#
+
+from .core import Core
+from .volume_exp_obj import ExpObjVolume
+from .io import IoDir
+from .volume import Volume
+
+
+class CoreVolume(ExpObjVolume):
+    def __init__(self, core, open=False, uuid=None):
+        super().__init__(core, uuid)
+        self.core = core
+        self.lib = core.cache.owner.lib
+        if open:
+            self.open()
+
+    def open(self):
+        return Volume.open(
+            self.lib.ocf_core_get_front_volume(self.core.handle),
+            self
+        )
+
+    def md5(self):
+        return self._exp_obj_md5(4096)
diff --git a/tests/functional/pyocf/types/volume_exp_obj.py b/tests/functional/pyocf/types/volume_exp_obj.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..20771c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/functional/pyocf/types/volume_exp_obj.py
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+#
+# Copyright(c) 2022 Intel Corporation
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+#
+
+import logging
+from ctypes import c_int, c_void_p, CFUNCTYPE, byref, c_uint32, c_uint64, cast, POINTER
+
+from ..ocf import OcfLib
+from .volume import Volume, VOLUME_POISON
+from pyocf.utils import Size
+from pyocf.types.data import Data
+from pyocf.types.io import IoDir, Io
+from pyocf.types.shared import OcfCompletion
+
+
+class ExpObjVolume(Volume):
+    def __init__(self, parent, uuid=None):
+        super().__init__(uuid)
+        self.parent = parent
+
+    def __alloc_io(self, addr, _bytes, _dir, _class, _flags):
+        vol = self.parent.get_front_volume()
+        queue = self.parent.get_default_queue()  # TODO multiple queues?
+        return vol.new_io(
+            queue, addr, _bytes, _dir, _class, _flags
+        )
+
+    def _alloc_io(self, io):
+        exp_obj_io = self.__alloc_io(
+            io.contents._addr,
+            io.contents._bytes,
+            io.contents._dir,
+            io.contents._class,
+            io.contents._flags,
+        )
+
+        lib = OcfLib.getInstance()
+        cdata = OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_io_get_data(io)
+        OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_io_set_data(byref(exp_obj_io), cdata, 0)
+
+        def cb(error):
+            nonlocal io
+            io = cast(io, POINTER(Io))
+            io.contents._end(io, error)
+
+        exp_obj_io.callback = cb
+
+        return exp_obj_io
+
+    def get_length(self):
+        return Size.from_B(OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_volume_get_length(self.c_vol))
+
+    def get_max_io_size(self):
+        return Size.from_B(OcfLib.getInstance().ocf_volume_get_max_io_size(self.c_vol))
+
+    def do_submit_io(self, io):
+        io = self._alloc_io(io)
+        io.submit()
+
+    def do_submit_flush(self, flush):
+        io = self._alloc_io(flush)
+        io.submit_flush()
+
+    def do_submit_discard(self, discard):
+        io = self._alloc_io(discard)
+        io.submit_discard()
+
+    def _read(self, offset=0, size=0):
+        if size == 0:
+            size = self.get_length().B - offset
+        exp_obj_io = self.__alloc_io(offset, size, IoDir.READ, 0, 0)
+        completion = OcfCompletion([("err", c_int)])
+        exp_obj_io.callback = completion
+        data = Data.from_bytes(bytes(size))
+        exp_obj_io.set_data(data)
+        exp_obj_io.submit()
+        completion.wait()
+        error = completion.results["err"]
+        if error:
+            raise Exception("error reading exported object for dump")
+        return data
+
+    def dump(self, offset=0, size=0, ignore=VOLUME_POISON, **kwargs):
+        data = self._read(offset, size)
+        data.dump(ignore=ifnore, **kwargs)
+
+    def md5(self):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def _exp_obj_md5(self, read_size):
+        logging.getLogger("pyocf").warning(
+            "Reading whole exported object! This disturbs statistics values"
+        )
+
+        read_buffer_all = Data(self.parent.device.size)
+
+        read_buffer = Data(read_size)
+
+        position = 0
+        while position < read_buffer_all.size:
+            io = self.new_io(self.parent.get_default_queue(), position,
+                             read_size, IoDir.READ, 0, 0)
+            io.set_data(read_buffer)
+
+            cmpl = OcfCompletion([("err", c_int)])
+            io.callback = cmpl.callback
+            io.submit()
+            cmpl.wait()
+
+            if cmpl.results["err"]:
+                raise Exception("Error reading whole exported object")
+
+            read_buffer_all.copy(read_buffer, position, 0, read_size)
+            position += read_size
+
+        return read_buffer_all.md5()
+
+
+lib = OcfLib.getInstance()
+lib.ocf_volume_get_max_io_size.argtypes = [c_void_p]
+lib.ocf_volume_get_max_io_size.restype = c_uint32
+lib.ocf_volume_get_length.argtypes = [c_void_p]
+lib.ocf_volume_get_length.restype = c_uint64
+lib.ocf_io_get_data.argtypes = [POINTER(Io)]
+lib.ocf_io_get_data.restype = c_void_p
diff --git a/tests/functional/pyocf/types/volume_replicated.py b/tests/functional/pyocf/types/volume_replicated.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc0959c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/functional/pyocf/types/volume_replicated.py
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#
+# Copyright(c) 2022 Intel Corporation
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+#
+
+from threading import Lock
+from .volume import Volume, VOLUME_POISON
+from .io import Io, IoDir
+from ctypes import cast, c_void_p, CFUNCTYPE, c_int, POINTER, memmove, sizeof, pointer
+
+
+class ReplicatedVolume(Volume):
+    def __init__(self, primary: Volume, secondary: Volume, uuid=None):
+        super().__init__(uuid)
+        self.primary = primary
+        self.secondary = secondary
+
+        if secondary.get_max_io_size() < primary.get_max_io_size():
+            raise Exception("secondary volume max io size too small")
+        if secondary.get_length() < primary.get_length():
+            raise Exception("secondary volume size too small")
+
+    def do_open(self):
+        ret = self.primary.do_open()
+        if ret:
+            return ret
+        ret = self.secondary.do_open()
+        if ret:
+            self.primary.close()
+        return ret
+
+    def close(self):
+        self.primary.close()
+        self.secondary.close()
+
+    def get_length(self):
+        return self.primary.get_length()
+
+    def get_max_io_size(self):
+        return self.primary.get_max_io_size()
+
+    def _prepare_io(self, io):
+        original_cb = Io.END()
+        pointer(original_cb)[0] = io.contents._end
+        lock = Lock()
+        error = 0
+        io_remaining = 2
+
+        @CFUNCTYPE(None, c_void_p, c_int)
+        def cb(io, err):
+            nonlocal io_remaining
+            nonlocal error
+            nonlocal original_cb
+            nonlocal lock
+            io = cast(io, POINTER(Io))
+
+            with lock:
+                if err:
+                    error = err
+                io_remaining -= 1
+                finished = True if io_remaining == 0 else False
+            if finished:
+                io.contents._end = original_cb
+                original_cb(io, error)
+
+        io.contents._end = cb
+
+    def do_submit_io(self, io):
+        if io.contents._dir == IoDir.WRITE:
+            self._prepare_io(io)
+            self.primary.submit_io(io)
+            self.secondary.submit_io(io)
+        else:
+            # for read just pass through down to primary
+            # with original completion
+            self.primary.submit_io(io)
+
+    def do_submit_flush(self, flush):
+        self._prepare_io(flush)
+        self.primary.submit_flush(flush)
+        self.secondary.submit_flush(flush)
+
+    def do_submit_discard(self, discard):
+        self._prepare_io(discard)
+        self.primary.submit_discard(discard)
+        self.secondary.submit_discard(discard)
+
+    def dump(self, offset=0, size=0, ignore=VOLUME_POISON, **kwargs):
+        self.primary.dump()
+
+    def md5(self):
+        return self.primary.md5()
diff --git a/tests/functional/pyocf/wrappers/ocf_io_wrappers.c b/tests/functional/pyocf/wrappers/ocf_io_wrappers.c
index 776de72..87e095d 100644
--- a/tests/functional/pyocf/wrappers/ocf_io_wrappers.c
+++ b/tests/functional/pyocf/wrappers/ocf_io_wrappers.c
@@ -1,18 +1,11 @@
 /*
- * Copyright(c) 2012-2021 Intel Corporation
+ * Copyright(c) 2012-2022 Intel Corporation
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
  */
 
 #include "ocf/ocf_io.h"
 #include "ocf/ocf_core.h"
 
-struct ocf_io *ocf_core_new_io_wrapper(ocf_core_t core, ocf_queue_t queue,
-		uint64_t addr, uint32_t bytes, uint32_t dir,
-		uint32_t io_class, uint64_t flags)
-{
-	return ocf_core_new_io(core, queue, addr, bytes, dir, io_class, flags);
-}
-
 void ocf_io_set_cmpl_wrapper(struct ocf_io *io, void *context,
 		void *context2, ocf_end_io_t fn)
 {
@@ -34,3 +27,13 @@ void ocf_core_submit_io_wrapper(struct ocf_io *io)
 	ocf_core_submit_io(io);
 }
 
+
+void ocf_core_submit_flush_wrapper(struct ocf_io *io)
+{
+	ocf_core_submit_flush(io);
+}
+
+void ocf_core_submit_discard_wrapper(struct ocf_io *io)
+{
+	ocf_core_submit_discard(io);
+}
diff --git a/tests/functional/tests/basic/test_pyocf.py b/tests/functional/tests/basic/test_pyocf.py
index 7a36b1d..4468078 100644
--- a/tests/functional/tests/basic/test_pyocf.py
+++ b/tests/functional/tests/basic/test_pyocf.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright(c) 2019-2021 Intel Corporation
+# Copyright(c) 2019-2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ from ctypes import c_int
 
 from pyocf.types.cache import Cache
 from pyocf.types.core import Core
-from pyocf.types.volume import Volume, ErrorDevice
+from pyocf.types.volume import RamVolume, ErrorDevice
+from pyocf.types.volume_core import CoreVolume
 from pyocf.types.data import Data
 from pyocf.types.io import IoDir
 from pyocf.utils import Size as S
@@ -21,25 +22,27 @@ def test_ctx_fixture(pyocf_ctx):
 
 
 def test_simple_wt_write(pyocf_ctx):
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
 
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device)
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
+    queue = cache.get_default_queue()
 
     cache.add_core(core)
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
 
     cache_device.reset_stats()
     core_device.reset_stats()
 
-    r = Rio().target(core).readwrite(ReadWrite.WRITE).size(S.from_sector(1)).run()
+    r = Rio().target(vol).readwrite(ReadWrite.WRITE).size(S.from_sector(1)).run([queue])
     assert cache_device.get_stats()[IoDir.WRITE] == 1
     cache.settle()
     stats = cache.get_stats()
     assert stats["req"]["wr_full_misses"]["value"] == 1
     assert stats["usage"]["occupancy"]["value"] == 1
 
-    assert core.exp_obj_md5() == core_device.md5()
+    assert vol.md5() == core_device.md5()
     cache.stop()
 
 
@@ -51,14 +54,14 @@ def test_start_corrupted_metadata_lba(pyocf_ctx):
 
 
 def test_load_cache_no_preexisting_data(pyocf_ctx):
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
 
     with pytest.raises(OcfError, match="OCF_ERR_NO_METADATA"):
         cache = Cache.load_from_device(cache_device)
 
 
 def test_load_cache(pyocf_ctx):
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
 
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device)
     cache.stop()
@@ -67,7 +70,7 @@ def test_load_cache(pyocf_ctx):
 
 
 def test_load_cache_recovery(pyocf_ctx):
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
 
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device)
 
@@ -80,16 +83,17 @@ def test_load_cache_recovery(pyocf_ctx):
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("open_cores", [True, False])
 def test_load_cache_with_cores(pyocf_ctx, open_cores):
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(40))
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(40))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(40))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(40))
 
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device)
     core = Core.using_device(core_device, name="test_core")
 
     cache.add_core(core)
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
 
     write_data = Data.from_string("This is test data")
-    io = core.new_io(cache.get_default_queue(), S.from_sector(3).B,
+    io = vol.new_io(cache.get_default_queue(), S.from_sector(3).B,
                      write_data.size, IoDir.WRITE, 0, 0)
     io.set_data(write_data)
 
@@ -106,8 +110,10 @@ def test_load_cache_with_cores(pyocf_ctx, open_cores):
     else:
         core = cache.get_core_by_name("test_core")
 
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+
     read_data = Data(write_data.size)
-    io = core.new_io(cache.get_default_queue(), S.from_sector(3).B,
+    io = vol.new_io(cache.get_default_queue(), S.from_sector(3).B,
                      read_data.size, IoDir.READ, 0, 0)
     io.set_data(read_data)
 
@@ -117,4 +123,4 @@ def test_load_cache_with_cores(pyocf_ctx, open_cores):
     cmpl.wait()
 
     assert read_data.md5() == write_data.md5()
-    assert core.exp_obj_md5() == core_device.md5()
+    assert vol.md5() == core_device.md5()
diff --git a/tests/functional/tests/conftest.py b/tests/functional/tests/conftest.py
index f0989d9..52fe7ff 100644
--- a/tests/functional/tests/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/functional/tests/conftest.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright(c) 2019-2021 Intel Corporation
+# Copyright(c) 2019-2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
@@ -10,7 +10,10 @@ import gc
 
 sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), os.path.pardir))
 from pyocf.types.logger import LogLevel, DefaultLogger, BufferLogger
-from pyocf.types.volume import Volume, ErrorDevice
+from pyocf.types.volume import RamVolume, ErrorDevice
+from pyocf.types.volume_cache import CacheVolume
+from pyocf.types.volume_core import CoreVolume
+from pyocf.types.volume_replicated import ReplicatedVolume
 from pyocf.types.ctx import OcfCtx
 
 
@@ -21,8 +24,11 @@ def pytest_configure(config):
 @pytest.fixture()
 def pyocf_ctx():
     c = OcfCtx.with_defaults(DefaultLogger(LogLevel.WARN))
-    c.register_volume_type(Volume)
+    c.register_volume_type(RamVolume)
     c.register_volume_type(ErrorDevice)
+    c.register_volume_type(CacheVolume)
+    c.register_volume_type(CoreVolume)
+    c.register_volume_type(ReplicatedVolume)
     yield c
     c.exit()
     gc.collect()
@@ -32,8 +38,11 @@ def pyocf_ctx():
 def pyocf_ctx_log_buffer():
     logger = BufferLogger(LogLevel.DEBUG)
     c = OcfCtx.with_defaults(logger)
-    c.register_volume_type(Volume)
+    c.register_volume_type(RamVolume)
     c.register_volume_type(ErrorDevice)
+    c.register_volume_type(CacheVolume)
+    c.register_volume_type(CoreVolume)
+    c.register_volume_type(ReplicatedVolume)
     yield logger
     c.exit()
     gc.collect()
diff --git a/tests/functional/tests/engine/test_io_flags.py b/tests/functional/tests/engine/test_io_flags.py
index 8f7d22f..d8efbe4 100644
--- a/tests/functional/tests/engine/test_io_flags.py
+++ b/tests/functional/tests/engine/test_io_flags.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright(c) 2020-2021 Intel Corporation
+# Copyright(c) 2020-2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ import pytest
 
 from pyocf.types.cache import Cache, CacheMode
 from pyocf.types.core import Core
-from pyocf.types.volume import Volume
+from pyocf.types.volume import RamVolume
+from pyocf.types.volume_core import CoreVolume
 from pyocf.types.data import Data
 from pyocf.types.io import IoDir
 from pyocf.utils import Size
@@ -28,8 +29,10 @@ def __io(io, queue, address, size, data, direction):
     return int(completion.results["err"])
 
 
-def _io(new_io, queue, address, size, data, offset, direction, flags):
-    io = new_io(queue, address, size, direction, 0, flags)
+def io_to_exp_obj(core, address, size, data, offset, direction, flags):
+    vol = core.get_front_volume()
+    queue = core.cache.get_default_queue()
+    io = vol.new_io(queue, address, size, direction, 0, flags)
     if direction == IoDir.READ:
         _data = Data.from_bytes(bytes(size))
     else:
@@ -40,20 +43,7 @@ def _io(new_io, queue, address, size, data, offset, direction, flags):
     return ret
 
 
-def io_to_exp_obj(core, address, size, data, offset, direction, flags):
-    return _io(
-        core.new_io,
-        core.cache.get_default_queue(),
-        address,
-        size,
-        data,
-        offset,
-        direction,
-        flags,
-    )
-
-
-class FlagsValVolume(Volume):
+class FlagsValVolume(RamVolume):
     def __init__(self, size, flags):
         self.flags = flags
         self.check = False
@@ -91,6 +81,7 @@ def test_io_flags(pyocf_ctx, cache_mode):
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
 
     cache.add_core(core)
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
 
     cache_device.set_check(True)
     core_device.set_check(True)
diff --git a/tests/functional/tests/engine/test_pp.py b/tests/functional/tests/engine/test_pp.py
index 5fab028..bd827cd 100644
--- a/tests/functional/tests/engine/test_pp.py
+++ b/tests/functional/tests/engine/test_pp.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright(c) 2019-2021 Intel Corporation
+# Copyright(c) 2019-2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ from datetime import timedelta
 
 from pyocf.types.cache import Cache, PromotionPolicy, NhitParams
 from pyocf.types.core import Core
-from pyocf.types.volume import Volume
+from pyocf.types.volume import RamVolume
+from pyocf.types.volume_core import CoreVolume
 from pyocf.types.data import Data
 from pyocf.types.io import IoDir
 from pyocf.utils import Size
@@ -28,8 +29,8 @@ def test_init_nhit(pyocf_ctx, promotion_policy):
         * verify that promotion policy type is properly reflected in stats
     """
 
-    cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
-    core_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    core_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
 
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, promotion_policy=promotion_policy)
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
@@ -55,18 +56,20 @@ def test_change_to_nhit_and_back_io_in_flight(pyocf_ctx):
     """
 
     # Step 1
-    cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
-    core_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    core_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
 
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device)
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
 
     cache.add_core(core)
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+    queue = cache.get_default_queue()
 
     # Step 2
     r = (
         Rio()
-        .target(core)
+        .target(vol)
         .njobs(10)
         .bs(Size.from_KiB(4))
         .readwrite(ReadWrite.RANDWRITE)
@@ -74,7 +77,7 @@ def test_change_to_nhit_and_back_io_in_flight(pyocf_ctx):
         .time_based()
         .time(timedelta(minutes=1))
         .qd(10)
-        .run_async()
+        .run_async([queue])
     )
 
     # Step 3
@@ -85,7 +88,7 @@ def test_change_to_nhit_and_back_io_in_flight(pyocf_ctx):
     assert r.error_count == 0, "No IO's should fail when turning NHIT policy on"
 
     # Step 5
-    r.run_async()
+    r.run_async([queue])
 
     # Step 6
     cache.set_promotion_policy(PromotionPolicy.ALWAYS)
@@ -107,15 +110,17 @@ def fill_cache(cache, fill_ratio):
     bytes_to_fill = Size(round(cache_lines.bytes * fill_ratio))
 
     core = cache.cores[0]
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+    queue = cache.get_default_queue()
 
     r = (
         Rio()
-        .target(core)
+        .target(vol)
         .readwrite(ReadWrite.RANDWRITE)
         .size(bytes_to_fill)
         .bs(Size(512))
         .qd(10)
-        .run()
+        .run([queue])
     )
 
 
@@ -137,12 +142,14 @@ def test_promoted_after_hits_various_thresholds(
     """
 
     # Step 1
-    cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
-    core_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    core_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
 
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, promotion_policy=PromotionPolicy.NHIT)
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
     cache.add_core(core)
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+    queue = cache.get_default_queue()
 
     # Step 2
     cache.set_promotion_policy_param(
@@ -167,12 +174,12 @@ def test_promoted_after_hits_various_thresholds(
         .readwrite(ReadWrite.WRITE)
         .bs(Size(4096))
         .offset(last_core_line)
-        .target(core)
+        .target(vol)
         .size(Size(4096) + last_core_line)
     )
 
     for i in range(insertion_threshold - 1):
-        r.run()
+        r.run([queue])
 
     cache.settle()
     stats = cache.get_stats()
@@ -183,7 +190,7 @@ def test_promoted_after_hits_various_thresholds(
     )
 
     # Step 5
-    r.run()
+    r.run([queue])
 
     cache.settle()
     stats = cache.get_stats()
@@ -207,15 +214,17 @@ def test_partial_hit_promotion(pyocf_ctx):
     """
 
     # Step 1
-    cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
-    core_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    core_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
 
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device)
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
     cache.add_core(core)
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+    queue = cache.get_default_queue()
 
     # Step 2
-    r = Rio().readwrite(ReadWrite.READ).bs(Size(512)).size(Size(512)).target(core).run()
+    r = Rio().readwrite(ReadWrite.READ).bs(Size(512)).size(Size(512)).target(vol).run([queue])
 
     stats = cache.get_stats()
     cache_lines = stats["conf"]["size"]
@@ -232,7 +241,7 @@ def test_partial_hit_promotion(pyocf_ctx):
 
     # Step 4
     req_size = Size(2 * cache_lines.line_size)
-    r.size(req_size).bs(req_size).readwrite(ReadWrite.WRITE).run()
+    r.size(req_size).bs(req_size).readwrite(ReadWrite.WRITE).run([queue])
 
     cache.settle()
     stats = cache.get_stats()
diff --git a/tests/functional/tests/engine/test_read.py b/tests/functional/tests/engine/test_read.py
index 48c2e59..e14ce6a 100644
--- a/tests/functional/tests/engine/test_read.py
+++ b/tests/functional/tests/engine/test_read.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-# Copyright(c) 2019-2021 Intel Corporation
+#
+# Copyright(c) 2019-2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
@@ -13,7 +14,8 @@ from datetime import datetime
 
 from pyocf.types.cache import Cache, CacheMode
 from pyocf.types.core import Core
-from pyocf.types.volume import Volume
+from pyocf.types.volume import RamVolume
+from pyocf.types.volume_core import CoreVolume
 from pyocf.types.data import Data
 from pyocf.types.io import IoDir
 from pyocf.utils import Size
@@ -37,8 +39,8 @@ def __io(io, queue, address, size, data, direction):
     return int(completion.results["err"])
 
 
-def _io(new_io, queue, address, size, data, offset, direction):
-    io = new_io(queue, address, size, direction, 0, 0)
+def io_to_exp_obj(vol, queue, address, size, data, offset, direction):
+    io = vol.new_io(queue, address, size, direction, 0, 0)
     if direction == IoDir.READ:
         _data = Data.from_bytes(bytes(size))
     else:
@@ -49,30 +51,6 @@ def _io(new_io, queue, address, size, data, offset, direction):
     return ret
 
 
-def io_to_core(core, address, size, data, offset, direction):
-    return _io(
-        core.new_core_io,
-        core.cache.get_default_queue(),
-        address,
-        size,
-        data,
-        offset,
-        direction,
-    )
-
-
-def io_to_exp_obj(core, address, size, data, offset, direction):
-    return _io(
-        core.new_io,
-        core.cache.get_default_queue(),
-        address,
-        size,
-        data,
-        offset,
-        direction,
-    )
-
-
 def sector_to_region(sector, region_start):
     num_regions = len(region_start)
     i = 0
@@ -259,15 +237,17 @@ def test_read_data_consistency(pyocf_ctx, cacheline_size, cache_mode, rand_seed)
 
     result_b = bytes(WORKSET_SIZE)
 
-    cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
-    core_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    core_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
 
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device, cache_mode=CacheMode.WO, cache_line_size=cacheline_size
     )
-    core = Core.using_device(core_device)
 
+    core = Core.using_device(core_device)
     cache.add_core(core)
+    queue = cache.get_default_queue()
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
 
     insert_order = list(range(CACHELINE_COUNT))
 
@@ -310,7 +290,8 @@ def test_read_data_consistency(pyocf_ctx, cacheline_size, cache_mode, rand_seed)
         # write data to core and invalidate all CL and write data pattern to core
         cache.change_cache_mode(cache_mode=CacheMode.PT)
         io_to_exp_obj(
-            core,
+            vol,
+            queue,
             WORKSET_OFFSET,
             len(data[SectorStatus.INVALID]),
             data[SectorStatus.INVALID],
@@ -331,7 +312,8 @@ def test_read_data_consistency(pyocf_ctx, cacheline_size, cache_mode, rand_seed)
             region = sector_to_region(sec, region_start)
             if region_state[region] != SectorStatus.INVALID:
                 io_to_exp_obj(
-                    core,
+                    vol,
+                    queue,
                     WORKSET_OFFSET + SECTOR_SIZE * sec,
                     SECTOR_SIZE,
                     data[SectorStatus.CLEAN],
@@ -345,7 +327,8 @@ def test_read_data_consistency(pyocf_ctx, cacheline_size, cache_mode, rand_seed)
             region = sector_to_region(sec, region_start)
             if region_state[region] == SectorStatus.DIRTY:
                 io_to_exp_obj(
-                    core,
+                    vol,
+                    queue,
                     WORKSET_OFFSET + SECTOR_SIZE * sec,
                     SECTOR_SIZE,
                     data[SectorStatus.DIRTY],
@@ -372,7 +355,7 @@ def test_read_data_consistency(pyocf_ctx, cacheline_size, cache_mode, rand_seed)
             END = end * SECTOR_SIZE
             size = (end - start + 1) * SECTOR_SIZE
             assert 0 == io_to_exp_obj(
-                core, WORKSET_OFFSET + START, size, result_b, START, IoDir.READ
+                vol, queue, WORKSET_OFFSET + START, size, result_b, START, IoDir.READ
             ), "error reading in {}: region_state={}, start={}, end={}, insert_order={}".format(
                 cache_mode, region_state, start, end, insert_order
             )
diff --git a/tests/functional/tests/engine/test_seq_cutoff.py b/tests/functional/tests/engine/test_seq_cutoff.py
index fca4ffa..d204f28 100644
--- a/tests/functional/tests/engine/test_seq_cutoff.py
+++ b/tests/functional/tests/engine/test_seq_cutoff.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright(c) 2020-2021 Intel Corporation
+# Copyright(c) 2020-2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ import pytest
 
 from pyocf.types.cache import Cache, CacheMode
 from pyocf.types.core import Core
-from pyocf.types.volume import Volume
+from pyocf.types.volume import RamVolume
+from pyocf.types.volume_core import CoreVolume
 from pyocf.types.data import Data
 from pyocf.types.io import IoDir
 from pyocf.utils import Size
@@ -27,11 +28,11 @@ class Stream:
         return f"{self.last} {self.length} {self.direction}"
 
 
-def _io(core, addr, size, direction, context):
+def _io(vol, queue, addr, size, direction, context):
     comp = OcfCompletion([("error", c_int)], context=context)
     data = Data(size)
 
-    io = core.new_io(core.cache.get_default_queue(), addr, size, direction, 0, 0)
+    io = vol.new_io(queue, addr, size, direction, 0, 0)
     io.set_data(data)
     io.callback = comp.callback
     io.submit()
@@ -39,11 +40,11 @@ def _io(core, addr, size, direction, context):
     return comp
 
 
-def io_to_streams(core, streams, io_size):
+def io_to_streams(vol, queue, streams, io_size):
     completions = []
     for stream in streams:
         completions.append(
-            _io(core, stream.last, io_size, stream.direction, context=(io_size, stream))
+            _io(vol, queue, stream.last, io_size, stream.direction, context=(io_size, stream))
         )
 
     for c in completions:
@@ -90,10 +91,12 @@ def test_seq_cutoff_max_streams(pyocf_ctx):
     non_active_stream = choice(streams)
     streams.remove(non_active_stream)
 
-    cache = Cache.start_on_device(Volume(Size.from_MiB(200)), cache_mode=CacheMode.WT)
-    core = Core.using_device(Volume(core_size), seq_cutoff_promotion_count=1)
+    cache = Cache.start_on_device(RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(200)), cache_mode=CacheMode.WT)
+    core = Core.using_device(RamVolume(core_size), seq_cutoff_promotion_count=1)
 
     cache.add_core(core)
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+    queue = cache.get_default_queue()
 
     cache.set_seq_cut_off_policy(SeqCutOffPolicy.ALWAYS)
     cache.set_seq_cut_off_threshold(threshold)
@@ -101,7 +104,7 @@ def test_seq_cutoff_max_streams(pyocf_ctx):
     # STEP 1
     shuffle(streams)
     io_size = threshold - Size.from_sector(1)
-    io_to_streams(core, streams, io_size)
+    io_to_streams(vol, queue, streams, io_size)
 
     stats = cache.get_stats()
     assert (
@@ -115,7 +118,7 @@ def test_seq_cutoff_max_streams(pyocf_ctx):
     streams.remove(lru_stream)
 
     shuffle(streams)
-    io_to_streams(core, streams, Size.from_sector(1))
+    io_to_streams(vol, queue, streams, Size.from_sector(1))
 
     stats = cache.get_stats()
     assert (
@@ -126,7 +129,7 @@ def test_seq_cutoff_max_streams(pyocf_ctx):
     ), "All streams should be handled in PT - cutoff engaged for all streams"
 
     # STEP 3
-    io_to_streams(core, [non_active_stream], Size.from_sector(1))
+    io_to_streams(vol, queue, [non_active_stream], Size.from_sector(1))
 
     stats = cache.get_stats()
     assert (
@@ -134,7 +137,7 @@ def test_seq_cutoff_max_streams(pyocf_ctx):
     ), "This request should be serviced by cache - no cutoff for inactive stream"
 
     # STEP 4
-    io_to_streams(core, [lru_stream], Size.from_sector(1))
+    io_to_streams(vol, queue, [lru_stream], Size.from_sector(1))
 
     stats = cache.get_stats()
     assert (
diff --git a/tests/functional/tests/eviction/test_eviction.py b/tests/functional/tests/eviction/test_eviction.py
index d2cc1e8..ea4613e 100644
--- a/tests/functional/tests/eviction/test_eviction.py
+++ b/tests/functional/tests/eviction/test_eviction.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright(c) 2019-2021 Intel Corporation
+# Copyright(c) 2019-2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ from pyocf.types.core import Core
 from pyocf.types.data import Data
 from pyocf.types.io import IoDir
 from pyocf.types.shared import OcfCompletion, CacheLineSize, SeqCutOffPolicy, CacheLines
-from pyocf.types.volume import Volume
+from pyocf.types.volume import RamVolume
+from pyocf.types.volume_core import CoreVolume
 from pyocf.utils import Size
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -24,25 +25,27 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("mode", [CacheMode.WT])
 def test_eviction_two_cores(pyocf_ctx, mode: CacheMode, cls: CacheLineSize):
     """Test if eviction works correctly when remapping cachelines between distinct cores."""
-    cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
 
-    core_device1 = Volume(Size.from_MiB(40))
-    core_device2 = Volume(Size.from_MiB(40))
+    core_device1 = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(40))
+    core_device2 = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(40))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=mode, cache_line_size=cls)
     cache.set_seq_cut_off_policy(SeqCutOffPolicy.NEVER)
     cache_size = cache.get_stats()["conf"]["size"]
-    core_exported1 = Core.using_device(core_device1, name="core1")
-    core_exported2 = Core.using_device(core_device2, name="core2")
-    cache.add_core(core_exported1)
-    cache.add_core(core_exported2)
+    core1 = Core.using_device(core_device1, name="core1")
+    core2 = Core.using_device(core_device2, name="core2")
+    cache.add_core(core1)
+    vol1 = CoreVolume(core1, open=True)
+    cache.add_core(core2)
+    vol2 = CoreVolume(core2, open=True)
 
     valid_io_size = Size.from_B(cache_size.B)
     test_data = Data(valid_io_size)
-    send_io(core_exported1, test_data)
-    send_io(core_exported2, test_data)
+    send_io(core1, test_data)
+    send_io(core2, test_data)
 
-    stats1 = core_exported1.get_stats()
-    stats2 = core_exported2.get_stats()
+    stats1 = core1.get_stats()
+    stats2 = core2.get_stats()
     # IO to the second core should evict all the data from the first core
     assert stats1["usage"]["occupancy"]["value"] == 0
     assert stats2["usage"]["occupancy"]["value"] == valid_io_size.blocks_4k
@@ -52,20 +55,21 @@ def test_eviction_two_cores(pyocf_ctx, mode: CacheMode, cls: CacheLineSize):
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("mode", [CacheMode.WT, CacheMode.WB, CacheMode.WO])
 def test_write_size_greater_than_cache(pyocf_ctx, mode: CacheMode, cls: CacheLineSize):
     """Test if eviction does not occur when IO greater than cache size is submitted."""
-    cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
 
-    core_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(200))
+    core_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(200))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=mode, cache_line_size=cls)
     cache_size = cache.get_stats()["conf"]["size"]
-    core_exported = Core.using_device(core_device)
-    cache.add_core(core_exported)
+    core = Core.using_device(core_device)
+    cache.add_core(core)
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
     cache.set_seq_cut_off_policy(SeqCutOffPolicy.NEVER)
 
     valid_io_size = Size.from_B(cache_size.B // 2)
     test_data = Data(valid_io_size)
-    send_io(core_exported, test_data)
+    send_io(core, test_data)
 
-    stats = core_exported.cache.get_stats()
+    stats = core.cache.get_stats()
     first_block_sts = stats["block"]
     first_usage_sts = stats["usage"]
     pt_writes_first = stats["req"]["wr_pt"]
@@ -80,12 +84,12 @@ def test_write_size_greater_than_cache(pyocf_ctx, mode: CacheMode, cls: CacheLin
     io_size_bigger_than_cache = Size.from_MiB(100)
     io_offset = valid_io_size
     test_data = Data(io_size_bigger_than_cache)
-    send_io(core_exported, test_data, io_offset)
+    send_io(core, test_data, io_offset)
 
     if mode is not CacheMode.WT:
         # Flush first write
         cache.flush()
-    stats = core_exported.cache.get_stats()
+    stats = core.cache.get_stats()
     second_block_sts = stats["block"]
     second_usage_sts = stats["usage"]
     pt_writes_second = stats["req"]["wr_pt"]
@@ -106,13 +110,14 @@ def test_write_size_greater_than_cache(pyocf_ctx, mode: CacheMode, cls: CacheLin
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("cls", CacheLineSize)
 def test_evict_overflown_pinned(pyocf_ctx, cls: CacheLineSize):
     """ Verify if overflown pinned ioclass is evicted """
-    cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
-    core_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(100))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    core_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(100))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device, cache_mode=CacheMode.WT, cache_line_size=cls
     )
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
     cache.add_core(core)
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
 
     test_ioclass_id = 1
     pinned_ioclass_id = 2
@@ -176,9 +181,10 @@ def test_evict_overflown_pinned(pyocf_ctx, cls: CacheLineSize):
     ), "Overflown part has not been evicted"
 
 
-def send_io(exported_obj: Core, data: Data, addr: int = 0, target_ioclass: int = 0):
-    io = exported_obj.new_io(
-        exported_obj.cache.get_default_queue(),
+def send_io(core: Core, data: Data, addr: int = 0, target_ioclass: int = 0):
+    vol = core.get_front_volume()
+    io = vol.new_io(
+        core.cache.get_default_queue(),
         addr,
         data.size,
         IoDir.WRITE,
diff --git a/tests/functional/tests/flush/test_flush_after_mngmt.py b/tests/functional/tests/flush/test_flush_after_mngmt.py
index e9aa185..da80983 100644
--- a/tests/functional/tests/flush/test_flush_after_mngmt.py
+++ b/tests/functional/tests/flush/test_flush_after_mngmt.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright(c) 2020-2021 Intel Corporation
+# Copyright(c) 2020-2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ import pytest
 
 from pyocf.types.cache import Cache, CacheMode
 from pyocf.types.core import Core
-from pyocf.types.volume import Volume
+from pyocf.types.volume import RamVolume
+from pyocf.types.volume_core import CoreVolume
 from pyocf.types.data import Data
 from pyocf.types.io import IoDir
 from pyocf.utils import Size
@@ -28,8 +29,8 @@ def __io(io, queue, address, size, data, direction):
     return int(completion.results["err"])
 
 
-def _io(new_io, queue, address, size, data, offset, direction, flags):
-    io = new_io(queue, address, size, direction, 0, flags)
+def io_to_exp_obj(vol, queue, address, size, data, offset, direction, flags):
+    io = vol.new_io(queue, address, size, direction, 0, flags)
     if direction == IoDir.READ:
         _data = Data.from_bytes(bytes(size))
     else:
@@ -40,20 +41,7 @@ def _io(new_io, queue, address, size, data, offset, direction, flags):
     return ret
 
 
-def io_to_exp_obj(core, address, size, data, offset, direction, flags):
-    return _io(
-        core.new_io,
-        core.cache.get_default_queue(),
-        address,
-        size,
-        data,
-        offset,
-        direction,
-        flags,
-    )
-
-
-class FlushValVolume(Volume):
+class FlushValVolume(RamVolume):
     def __init__(self, size):
         self.flush_last = False
         super().__init__(size)
@@ -87,12 +75,15 @@ def test_flush_after_mngmt(pyocf_ctx):
     cache.add_core(core)
     assert cache_device.flush_last
 
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+    queue = cache.get_default_queue()
+
     # WT I/O to write data to core and cache VC
-    io_to_exp_obj(core, block_size * 0, block_size, data, 0, IoDir.WRITE, 0)
+    io_to_exp_obj(vol, queue, block_size * 0, block_size, data, 0, IoDir.WRITE, 0)
 
     # WB I/O to produce dirty cachelines in CAS
     cache.change_cache_mode(CacheMode.WB)
-    io_to_exp_obj(core, block_size * 1, block_size, data, 0, IoDir.WRITE, 0)
+    io_to_exp_obj(vol, queue, block_size * 1, block_size, data, 0, IoDir.WRITE, 0)
 
     # after cache flush VCs are expected to be cleared
     cache.flush()
@@ -100,14 +91,14 @@ def test_flush_after_mngmt(pyocf_ctx):
     assert core_device.flush_last
 
     # I/O to write data to cache device VC
-    io_to_exp_obj(core, block_size * 0, block_size, data, 0, IoDir.WRITE, 0)
+    io_to_exp_obj(vol, queue, block_size * 0, block_size, data, 0, IoDir.WRITE, 0)
 
     # cache save must flush VC
     cache.save()
     assert cache_device.flush_last
 
     # I/O to write data to cache device VC
-    io_to_exp_obj(core, block_size * 0, block_size, data, 0, IoDir.WRITE, 0)
+    io_to_exp_obj(vol, queue, block_size * 0, block_size, data, 0, IoDir.WRITE, 0)
 
     # cache stop must flush VC
     cache.stop()
diff --git a/tests/functional/tests/management/test_add_remove.py b/tests/functional/tests/management/test_add_remove.py
index b95cfe3..2228ca7 100644
--- a/tests/functional/tests/management/test_add_remove.py
+++ b/tests/functional/tests/management/test_add_remove.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-# Copyright(c) 2019-2021 Intel Corporation
+#
+# Copyright(c) 2019-2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
@@ -8,9 +9,11 @@ from ctypes import c_int
 from random import randint
 from pyocf.types.cache import Cache, CacheMode
 from pyocf.types.core import Core
-from pyocf.types.volume import Volume
+from pyocf.types.volume import RamVolume, Volume
+from pyocf.types.volume_core import CoreVolume
 from pyocf.types.data import Data
 from pyocf.types.io import IoDir
+from pyocf.types.queue import Queue
 from pyocf.utils import Size as S
 from pyocf.types.shared import OcfError, OcfCompletion, CacheLineSize
 
@@ -19,13 +22,13 @@ from pyocf.types.shared import OcfError, OcfCompletion, CacheLineSize
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("cls", CacheLineSize)
 def test_adding_core(pyocf_ctx, cache_mode, cls):
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device, cache_mode=cache_mode, cache_line_size=cls
     )
 
     # Create core device
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
 
     # Check statistics before adding core
@@ -44,13 +47,13 @@ def test_adding_core(pyocf_ctx, cache_mode, cls):
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("cls", CacheLineSize)
 def test_removing_core(pyocf_ctx, cache_mode, cls):
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device, cache_mode=cache_mode, cache_line_size=cls
     )
 
     # Create core device
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
 
     # Add core to cache
@@ -68,21 +71,24 @@ def test_removing_core(pyocf_ctx, cache_mode, cls):
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("cls", CacheLineSize)
 def test_remove_dirty_no_flush(pyocf_ctx, cache_mode, cls):
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device, cache_mode=cache_mode, cache_line_size=cls
     )
 
     # Create core device
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
     cache.add_core(core)
 
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+    queue = core.cache.get_default_queue()
+
     # Prepare data
     core_size = core.get_stats()["size"]
     data = Data(core_size.B)
 
-    _io_to_core(core, data)
+    _io_to_core(vol, queue, data)
 
     # Remove core from cache
     cache.remove_core(core)
@@ -90,11 +96,11 @@ def test_remove_dirty_no_flush(pyocf_ctx, cache_mode, cls):
 
 def test_30add_remove(pyocf_ctx):
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device)
 
     # Create core device
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
 
     # Add and remove core device in a loop 100 times
@@ -111,21 +117,22 @@ def test_30add_remove(pyocf_ctx):
 
 def test_10add_remove_with_io(pyocf_ctx):
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device)
 
     # Create core device
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
 
     # Add and remove core 10 times in a loop with io in between
     for i in range(0, 10):
         cache.add_core(core)
+        vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
         stats = cache.get_stats()
         assert stats["conf"]["core_count"] == 1
 
         write_data = Data.from_string("Test data")
-        io = core.new_io(
+        io = vol.new_io(
             cache.get_default_queue(), S.from_sector(1).B, write_data.size,
             IoDir.WRITE, 0, 0
         )
@@ -143,7 +150,7 @@ def test_10add_remove_with_io(pyocf_ctx):
 
 def test_add_remove_30core(pyocf_ctx):
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device)
     core_devices = []
     core_amount = 30
@@ -152,7 +159,7 @@ def test_add_remove_30core(pyocf_ctx):
     for i in range(0, core_amount):
         stats = cache.get_stats()
         assert stats["conf"]["core_count"] == i
-        core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+        core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
         core = Core.using_device(core_device, name=f"core{i}")
         core_devices.append(core)
         cache.add_core(core)
@@ -176,13 +183,13 @@ def test_adding_to_random_cache(pyocf_ctx):
 
     # Create 5 cache devices
     for i in range(0, cache_amount):
-        cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+        cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
         cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, name=f"cache{i}")
         cache_devices.append(cache)
 
     # Create 50 core devices and add to random cache
     for i in range(0, core_amount):
-        core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+        core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
         core = Core.using_device(core_device, name=f"core{i}")
         core_devices[core] = randint(0, cache_amount - 1)
         cache_devices[core_devices[core]].add_core(core)
@@ -202,13 +209,13 @@ def test_adding_to_random_cache(pyocf_ctx):
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("cls", CacheLineSize)
 def test_adding_core_twice(pyocf_ctx, cache_mode, cls):
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device, cache_mode=cache_mode, cache_line_size=cls
     )
 
     # Create core device
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
 
     # Add core
@@ -227,19 +234,19 @@ def test_adding_core_twice(pyocf_ctx, cache_mode, cls):
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("cls", CacheLineSize)
 def test_adding_core_already_used(pyocf_ctx, cache_mode, cls):
     # Start first cache device
-    cache_device1 = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device1 = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache1 = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device1, cache_mode=cache_mode, cache_line_size=cls, name="cache1"
     )
 
     # Start second cache device
-    cache_device2 = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device2 = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache2 = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device2, cache_mode=cache_mode, cache_line_size=cls, name="cache2"
     )
 
     # Create core device
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
 
     # Add core to first cache
@@ -261,7 +268,7 @@ def test_adding_core_already_used(pyocf_ctx, cache_mode, cls):
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("cls", CacheLineSize)
 def test_add_remove_incrementally(pyocf_ctx, cache_mode, cls):
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device, cache_mode=cache_mode, cache_line_size=cls
     )
@@ -270,7 +277,7 @@ def test_add_remove_incrementally(pyocf_ctx, cache_mode, cls):
 
     # Create 5 core devices and add to cache
     for i in range(0, core_amount):
-        core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+        core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
         core = Core.using_device(core_device, name=f"core{i}")
         core_devices.append(core)
         cache.add_core(core)
@@ -302,8 +309,8 @@ def test_add_remove_incrementally(pyocf_ctx, cache_mode, cls):
     assert stats["conf"]["core_count"] == core_amount
 
 
-def _io_to_core(exported_obj: Core, data: Data):
-    io = exported_obj.new_io(exported_obj.cache.get_default_queue(), 0, data.size,
+def _io_to_core(vol: Volume, queue: Queue, data: Data):
+    io = vol.new_io(queue, 0, data.size,
             IoDir.WRITE, 0, 0)
     io.set_data(data)
 
@@ -325,13 +332,13 @@ def test_try_add_core_with_changed_size(pyocf_ctx, cache_mode, cls):
     :param cls: cache line size we start with
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device, cache_mode=cache_mode, cache_line_size=cls
     )
 
     # Add core to cache
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
     cache.add_core(core)
 
@@ -359,13 +366,13 @@ def test_load_with_changed_core_size(pyocf_ctx, cache_mode, cls):
     :param cls: cache line size we start with
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device, cache_mode=cache_mode, cache_line_size=cls
     )
 
     # Add core to cache
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
     cache.add_core(core)
 
diff --git a/tests/functional/tests/management/test_attach_cache.py b/tests/functional/tests/management/test_attach_cache.py
index 6915ee7..812a1f4 100644
--- a/tests/functional/tests/management/test_attach_cache.py
+++ b/tests/functional/tests/management/test_attach_cache.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright(c) 2019-2021 Intel Corporation
+# Copyright(c) 2019-2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@ from pyocf.types.shared import (
     CacheLineSize,
     SeqCutOffPolicy,
 )
-from pyocf.types.volume import Volume
+from pyocf.types.volume import RamVolume
+from pyocf.types.volume_core import CoreVolume
 from pyocf.utils import Size
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -43,12 +44,15 @@ def test_attach_different_size(
     attach cache with different size and trigger IO. Verify if occupancy thresold is
     respected with both original and new cache device.
     """
-    cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(100))
-    core_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(100))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(100))
+    core_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(100))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=mode, cache_line_size=cls)
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
     cache.add_core(core)
 
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+    queue = cache.get_default_queue()
+
     cache.configure_partition(
         part_id=1, name="test_part", max_size=50, priority=1
     )
@@ -61,7 +65,7 @@ def test_attach_different_size(
     data = bytes(block_size)
 
     for i in range(cache_size.blocks_4k):
-        io_to_exp_obj(core, block_size * i, block_size, data, 0, IoDir.WRITE, 1, 0)
+        io_to_exp_obj(vol, queue, block_size * i, block_size, data, 0, IoDir.WRITE, 1, 0)
 
     part_current_size = CacheLines(
         cache.get_partition_info(part_id=1)["_curr_size"], cls
@@ -70,13 +74,13 @@ def test_attach_different_size(
     assert part_current_size.blocks_4k == cache_size.blocks_4k * 0.5
 
     cache.detach_device()
-    new_cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(new_cache_size))
+    new_cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(new_cache_size))
     cache.attach_device(new_cache_device, force=True)
 
     cache_size = cache.get_stats()["conf"]["size"]
 
     for i in range(cache_size.blocks_4k):
-        io_to_exp_obj(core, block_size * i, block_size, data, 0, IoDir.WRITE, 1, 0)
+        io_to_exp_obj(vol, queue, block_size * i, block_size, data, 0, IoDir.WRITE, 1, 0)
 
     part_current_size = CacheLines(
         cache.get_partition_info(part_id=1)["_curr_size"], cls
@@ -85,22 +89,8 @@ def test_attach_different_size(
     assert part_current_size.blocks_4k == cache_size.blocks_4k * 0.5
 
 
-def io_to_exp_obj(core, address, size, data, offset, direction, target_ioclass, flags):
-    return _io(
-        core.new_io,
-        core.cache.get_default_queue(),
-        address,
-        size,
-        data,
-        offset,
-        direction,
-        target_ioclass,
-        flags,
-    )
-
-
-def _io(new_io, queue, address, size, data, offset, direction, target_ioclass, flags):
-    io = new_io(queue, address, size, direction, target_ioclass, flags)
+def io_to_exp_obj(vol, queue, address, size, data, offset, direction, target_ioclass, flags):
+    io = vol.new_io(queue, address, size, direction, target_ioclass, flags)
     if direction == IoDir.READ:
         _data = Data.from_bytes(bytes(size))
     else:
diff --git a/tests/functional/tests/management/test_change_params.py b/tests/functional/tests/management/test_change_params.py
index 40b6847..631ba94 100644
--- a/tests/functional/tests/management/test_change_params.py
+++ b/tests/functional/tests/management/test_change_params.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright(c) 2019-2021 Intel Corporation
+# Copyright(c) 2019-2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import pytest
 
 from pyocf.types.cache import Cache, CacheMode, CleaningPolicy, SeqCutOffPolicy
 from pyocf.types.core import Core
-from pyocf.types.volume import Volume
+from pyocf.types.volume import RamVolume
 from pyocf.utils import Size as S
 from pyocf.types.shared import CacheLineSize
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ from pyocf.types.shared import CacheLineSize
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("cls", CacheLineSize)
 def test_change_cache_mode(pyocf_ctx, from_cm, to_cm, cls):
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device, cache_mode=from_cm, cache_line_size=cls
     )
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ def test_change_cache_mode(pyocf_ctx, from_cm, to_cm, cls):
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("cls", CacheLineSize)
 def test_change_cleaning_policy(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls
     )
@@ -57,15 +57,15 @@ def test_change_cleaning_policy(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("cls", CacheLineSize)
 def test_cache_change_seq_cut_off_policy(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls
     )
 
     # Create 2 core devices
-    core_device1 = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device1 = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core1 = Core.using_device(core_device1, name="core1")
-    core_device2 = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device2 = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core2 = Core.using_device(core_device2, name="core2")
 
     # Add cores
@@ -96,15 +96,15 @@ def test_cache_change_seq_cut_off_policy(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("cls", CacheLineSize)
 def test_core_change_seq_cut_off_policy(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls
     )
 
     # Create 2 core devices
-    core_device1 = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device1 = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core1 = Core.using_device(core_device1, name="core1")
-    core_device2 = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device2 = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core2 = Core.using_device(core_device2, name="core2")
 
     # Add cores
diff --git a/tests/functional/tests/management/test_start_stop.py b/tests/functional/tests/management/test_start_stop.py
index 60b515e..626fa32 100644
--- a/tests/functional/tests/management/test_start_stop.py
+++ b/tests/functional/tests/management/test_start_stop.py
@@ -21,10 +21,13 @@ from pyocf.types.cache import (
     Backfill
 )
 from pyocf.types.core import Core
+from pyocf.types.ctx import OcfCtx
 from pyocf.types.data import Data
 from pyocf.types.io import IoDir
+from pyocf.types.queue import Queue
 from pyocf.types.shared import OcfError, OcfCompletion, CacheLineSize, SeqCutOffPolicy
-from pyocf.types.volume import Volume
+from pyocf.types.volume import Volume, RamVolume
+from pyocf.types.volume_core import CoreVolume
 from pyocf.utils import Size
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -34,8 +37,8 @@ def test_start_check_default(pyocf_ctx):
     """Test if default values are correct after start.
     """
 
-    cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
-    core_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(10))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    core_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(10))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device)
 
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
@@ -58,24 +61,26 @@ def test_start_write_first_and_check_mode(pyocf_ctx, mode: CacheMode, cls: Cache
     After start check proper cache mode behaviour, starting with write operation.
     """
 
-    cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
-    core_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(10))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    core_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(10))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=mode, cache_line_size=cls)
-    core_exported = Core.using_device(core_device)
+    core = Core.using_device(core_device)
 
-    cache.add_core(core_exported)
+    cache.add_core(core)
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+    queue = cache.get_default_queue()
 
     logger.info("[STAGE] Initial write to exported object")
     cache_device.reset_stats()
     core_device.reset_stats()
 
     test_data = Data.from_string("This is test data")
-    io_to_core(core_exported, test_data, Size.from_sector(1).B)
-    check_stats_write_empty(core_exported, mode, cls)
+    io_to_core(vol, queue, test_data, Size.from_sector(1).B)
+    check_stats_write_empty(core, mode, cls)
 
     logger.info("[STAGE] Read from exported object after initial write")
-    io_from_exported_object(core_exported, test_data.size, Size.from_sector(1).B)
-    check_stats_read_after_write(core_exported, mode, cls, True)
+    io_from_exported_object(vol, queue, test_data.size, Size.from_sector(1).B)
+    check_stats_read_after_write(core, mode, cls, True)
 
     logger.info("[STAGE] Write to exported object after read")
     cache_device.reset_stats()
@@ -83,10 +88,10 @@ def test_start_write_first_and_check_mode(pyocf_ctx, mode: CacheMode, cls: Cache
 
     test_data = Data.from_string("Changed test data")
 
-    io_to_core(core_exported, test_data, Size.from_sector(1).B)
-    check_stats_write_after_read(core_exported, mode, cls)
+    io_to_core(vol, queue, test_data, Size.from_sector(1).B)
+    check_stats_write_after_read(core, mode, cls)
 
-    check_md5_sums(core_exported, mode)
+    check_md5_sums(core, mode)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("cls", CacheLineSize)
@@ -96,23 +101,26 @@ def test_start_read_first_and_check_mode(pyocf_ctx, mode: CacheMode, cls: CacheL
     After start check proper cache mode behaviour, starting with read operation.
     """
 
-    cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
-    core_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(5))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    core_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(5))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=mode, cache_line_size=cls)
-    core_exported = Core.using_device(core_device)
+    core = Core.using_device(core_device)
 
-    cache.add_core(core_exported)
+    cache.add_core(core)
+    front_vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+    bottom_vol = core.get_volume()
+    queue = cache.get_default_queue()
 
     logger.info("[STAGE] Initial write to core device")
     test_data = Data.from_string("This is test data")
-    io_to_core(core_exported, test_data, Size.from_sector(1).B, True)
+    io_to_core(bottom_vol, queue, test_data, Size.from_sector(1).B)
 
     cache_device.reset_stats()
     core_device.reset_stats()
 
     logger.info("[STAGE] Initial read from exported object")
-    io_from_exported_object(core_exported, test_data.size, Size.from_sector(1).B)
-    check_stats_read_empty(core_exported, mode, cls)
+    io_from_exported_object(front_vol, queue, test_data.size, Size.from_sector(1).B)
+    check_stats_read_empty(core, mode, cls)
 
     logger.info("[STAGE] Write to exported object after initial read")
     cache_device.reset_stats()
@@ -120,15 +128,15 @@ def test_start_read_first_and_check_mode(pyocf_ctx, mode: CacheMode, cls: CacheL
 
     test_data = Data.from_string("Changed test data")
 
-    io_to_core(core_exported, test_data, Size.from_sector(1).B)
+    io_to_core(front_vol, queue, test_data, Size.from_sector(1).B)
 
-    check_stats_write_after_read(core_exported, mode, cls, True)
+    check_stats_write_after_read(core, mode, cls, True)
 
     logger.info("[STAGE] Read from exported object after write")
-    io_from_exported_object(core_exported, test_data.size, Size.from_sector(1).B)
-    check_stats_read_after_write(core_exported, mode, cls)
+    io_from_exported_object(front_vol, queue, test_data.size, Size.from_sector(1).B)
+    check_stats_read_after_write(core, mode, cls)
 
-    check_md5_sums(core_exported, mode)
+    check_md5_sums(core, mode)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("cls", CacheLineSize)
@@ -139,7 +147,7 @@ def test_start_params(pyocf_ctx, mode: CacheMode, cls: CacheLineSize, layout: Me
     Check if cache starts without errors.
     If possible check whether cache reports properly set parameters.
     """
-    cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
     queue_size = randrange(60000, 2**32)
     unblock_size = randrange(1, queue_size)
     volatile_metadata = randrange(2) == 1
@@ -176,20 +184,24 @@ def test_stop(pyocf_ctx, mode: CacheMode, cls: CacheLineSize, with_flush: bool):
     Check if cache is stopped properly in different modes with or without preceding flush operation.
     """
 
-    cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
-    core_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(5))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    core_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(5))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=mode, cache_line_size=cls)
-    core_exported = Core.using_device(core_device)
-    cache.add_core(core_exported)
+    core = Core.using_device(core_device)
+
+    cache.add_core(core)
+    front_vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+    queue = cache.get_default_queue()
+
     cls_no = 10
 
-    run_io_and_cache_data_if_possible(core_exported, mode, cls, cls_no)
+    run_io_and_cache_data_if_possible(core, mode, cls, cls_no)
 
     stats = cache.get_stats()
     assert int(stats["conf"]["dirty"]) == (cls_no if mode.lazy_write() else 0),\
         "Dirty data before MD5"
 
-    md5_exported_core = core_exported.exp_obj_md5()
+    md5_exported_core = front_vol.md5()
 
     if with_flush:
         cache.flush()
@@ -211,7 +223,7 @@ def test_start_stop_multiple(pyocf_ctx):
     caches = []
     caches_no = randrange(6, 11)
     for i in range(1, caches_no):
-        cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+        cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
         cache_name = f"cache{i}"
         cache_mode = CacheMode(randrange(0, len(CacheMode)))
         size = 4096 * 2**randrange(0, len(CacheLineSize))
@@ -243,7 +255,7 @@ def test_100_start_stop(pyocf_ctx):
     """
 
     for i in range(1, 101):
-        cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+        cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
         cache_name = f"cache{i}"
         cache_mode = CacheMode(randrange(0, len(CacheMode)))
         size = 4096 * 2**randrange(0, len(CacheLineSize))
@@ -278,7 +290,7 @@ def test_start_stop_incrementally(pyocf_ctx):
     while run:
         if add:
             for i in range(0, randrange(3, 5) if increase else randrange(1, 3)):
-                cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+                cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
                 cache_name = f"cache{next(counter)}"
                 cache_mode = CacheMode(randrange(0, len(CacheMode)))
                 size = 4096 * 2**randrange(0, len(CacheLineSize))
@@ -318,8 +330,8 @@ def test_start_cache_same_id(pyocf_ctx, mode, cls):
     Check that OCF does not allow for 2 caches to be started with the same cache_name
     """
 
-    cache_device1 = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
-    cache_device2 = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device1 = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device2 = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
     cache_name = "cache"
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device1,
                                   cache_mode=mode,
@@ -349,7 +361,9 @@ def test_start_cache_huge_device(pyocf_ctx_log_buffer, cls):
         def submit_io(self, io):
             io.contents._end(io, 0)
 
-    cache_device = HugeDevice(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    OcfCtx.get_default().register_volume_type(HugeDevice)
+
+    cache_device = HugeDevice()
 
     with pytest.raises(OcfError, match="OCF_ERR_INVAL_CACHE_DEV"):
         cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_line_size=cls, metadata_volatile=True)
@@ -367,7 +381,7 @@ def test_start_cache_same_device(pyocf_ctx, mode, cls):
     Check that OCF does not allow for 2 caches using the same cache device to be started
     """
 
-    cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device, cache_mode=mode, cache_line_size=cls, name="cache1"
     )
@@ -387,7 +401,7 @@ def test_start_too_small_device(pyocf_ctx, mode, cls):
     Check if starting cache with device below minimum size is blocked
     """
 
-    cache_device = Volume(Size.from_B(20 * 1024 * 1024 - 1))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_B(20 * 1024 * 1024 - 1))
 
     with pytest.raises(OcfError, match="OCF_ERR_INVAL_CACHE_DEV"):
         Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=mode, cache_line_size=cls)
@@ -414,27 +428,29 @@ def test_start_stop_noqueue(pyocf_ctx):
     assert not c.results["error"], "Failed to stop cache: {}".format(c.results["error"])
 
 
-def run_io_and_cache_data_if_possible(exported_obj, mode, cls, cls_no):
+def run_io_and_cache_data_if_possible(core, mode, cls, cls_no):
+    front_vol = core.get_front_volume()
+    bottom_vol = core.get_volume()
+    queue = core.cache.get_default_queue()
+
     test_data = Data(cls_no * cls)
 
     if mode in {CacheMode.WI, CacheMode.WA}:
         logger.info("[STAGE] Write to core device")
-        io_to_core(exported_obj, test_data, 0, True)
+        io_to_core(bottom_vol, queue, test_data, 0)
         logger.info("[STAGE] Read from exported object")
-        io_from_exported_object(exported_obj, test_data.size, 0)
+        io_from_exported_object(front_vol, queue, test_data.size, 0)
     else:
         logger.info("[STAGE] Write to exported object")
-        io_to_core(exported_obj, test_data, 0)
+        io_to_core(front_vol, queue, test_data, 0)
 
-    stats = exported_obj.cache.get_stats()
+    stats = core.cache.get_stats()
     assert stats["usage"]["occupancy"]["value"] == \
         ((cls_no * cls / CacheLineSize.LINE_4KiB) if mode != CacheMode.PT else 0), "Occupancy"
 
 
-def io_to_core(exported_obj: Core, data: Data, offset: int, to_core_device=False):
-    new_io = exported_obj.new_core_io if to_core_device else exported_obj.new_io
-    io = new_io(exported_obj.cache.get_default_queue(), offset, data.size,
-                IoDir.WRITE, 0, 0)
+def io_to_core(vol: Volume, queue: Queue, data: Data, offset: int):
+    io = vol.new_io(queue, offset, data.size, IoDir.WRITE, 0, 0)
     io.set_data(data)
 
     completion = OcfCompletion([("err", c_int)])
@@ -445,10 +461,9 @@ def io_to_core(exported_obj: Core, data: Data, offset: int, to_core_device=False
     assert completion.results["err"] == 0, "IO to exported object completion"
 
 
-def io_from_exported_object(exported_obj: Core, buffer_size: int, offset: int):
+def io_from_exported_object(vol: Volume, queue: Queue, buffer_size: int, offset: int):
     read_buffer = Data(buffer_size)
-    io = exported_obj.new_io(exported_obj.cache.get_default_queue(), offset,
-                             read_buffer.size, IoDir.READ, 0, 0)
+    io = vol.new_io(queue, offset, read_buffer.size, IoDir.READ, 0, 0)
     io.set_data(read_buffer)
 
     completion = OcfCompletion([("err", c_int)])
@@ -460,28 +475,28 @@ def io_from_exported_object(exported_obj: Core, buffer_size: int, offset: int):
     return read_buffer
 
 
-def check_stats_read_empty(exported_obj: Core, mode: CacheMode, cls: CacheLineSize):
-    exported_obj.cache.settle()
-    stats = exported_obj.cache.get_stats()
+def check_stats_read_empty(core: Core, mode: CacheMode, cls: CacheLineSize):
+    core.cache.settle()
+    stats = core.cache.get_stats()
     assert stats["conf"]["cache_mode"] == mode, "Cache mode"
-    assert exported_obj.cache.device.get_stats()[IoDir.WRITE] == (1 if mode.read_insert() else 0), \
+    assert core.cache.device.get_stats()[IoDir.WRITE] == (1 if mode.read_insert() else 0), \
         "Writes to cache device"
-    assert exported_obj.device.get_stats()[IoDir.READ] == 1, "Reads from core device"
+    assert core.device.get_stats()[IoDir.READ] == 1, "Reads from core device"
     assert stats["req"]["rd_full_misses"]["value"] == (0 if mode == CacheMode.PT else 1), \
         "Read full misses"
     assert stats["usage"]["occupancy"]["value"] == \
         ((cls / CacheLineSize.LINE_4KiB) if mode.read_insert() else 0), "Occupancy"
 
 
-def check_stats_write_empty(exported_obj: Core, mode: CacheMode, cls: CacheLineSize):
-    exported_obj.cache.settle()
-    stats = exported_obj.cache.get_stats()
+def check_stats_write_empty(core: Core, mode: CacheMode, cls: CacheLineSize):
+    core.cache.settle()
+    stats = core.cache.get_stats()
     assert stats["conf"]["cache_mode"] == mode, "Cache mode"
     # TODO(ajrutkow): why 1 for WT ??
-    assert exported_obj.cache.device.get_stats()[IoDir.WRITE] == \
+    assert core.cache.device.get_stats()[IoDir.WRITE] == \
         (2 if mode.lazy_write() else (1 if mode == CacheMode.WT else 0)), \
         "Writes to cache device"
-    assert exported_obj.device.get_stats()[IoDir.WRITE] == (0 if mode.lazy_write() else 1), \
+    assert core.device.get_stats()[IoDir.WRITE] == (0 if mode.lazy_write() else 1), \
         "Writes to core device"
     assert stats["req"]["wr_full_misses"]["value"] == (1 if mode.write_insert() else 0), \
         "Write full misses"
@@ -490,17 +505,17 @@ def check_stats_write_empty(exported_obj: Core, mode: CacheMode, cls: CacheLineS
         "Occupancy"
 
 
-def check_stats_write_after_read(exported_obj: Core,
+def check_stats_write_after_read(core: Core,
                                  mode: CacheMode,
                                  cls: CacheLineSize,
                                  read_from_empty=False):
-    exported_obj.cache.settle()
-    stats = exported_obj.cache.get_stats()
-    assert exported_obj.cache.device.get_stats()[IoDir.WRITE] == \
+    core.cache.settle()
+    stats = core.cache.get_stats()
+    assert core.cache.device.get_stats()[IoDir.WRITE] == \
         (0 if mode in {CacheMode.WI, CacheMode.PT} else
             (2 if read_from_empty and mode.lazy_write() else 1)), \
         "Writes to cache device"
-    assert exported_obj.device.get_stats()[IoDir.WRITE] == (0 if mode.lazy_write() else 1), \
+    assert core.device.get_stats()[IoDir.WRITE] == (0 if mode.lazy_write() else 1), \
         "Writes to core device"
     assert stats["req"]["wr_hits"]["value"] == \
         (1 if (mode.read_insert() and mode != CacheMode.WI)
@@ -511,17 +526,17 @@ def check_stats_write_after_read(exported_obj: Core,
         "Occupancy"
 
 
-def check_stats_read_after_write(exported_obj, mode, cls, write_to_empty=False):
-    exported_obj.cache.settle()
-    stats = exported_obj.cache.get_stats()
-    assert exported_obj.cache.device.get_stats()[IoDir.WRITE] == \
+def check_stats_read_after_write(core, mode, cls, write_to_empty=False):
+    core.cache.settle()
+    stats = core.cache.get_stats()
+    assert core.cache.device.get_stats()[IoDir.WRITE] == \
         (2 if mode.lazy_write() else (0 if mode == CacheMode.PT else 1)), \
         "Writes to cache device"
-    assert exported_obj.cache.device.get_stats()[IoDir.READ] == \
+    assert core.cache.device.get_stats()[IoDir.READ] == \
         (1 if mode in {CacheMode.WT, CacheMode.WB, CacheMode.WO}
             or (mode == CacheMode.WA and not write_to_empty) else 0), \
         "Reads from cache device"
-    assert exported_obj.device.get_stats()[IoDir.READ] == \
+    assert core.device.get_stats()[IoDir.READ] == \
         (0 if mode in {CacheMode.WB, CacheMode.WO, CacheMode.WT}
             or (mode == CacheMode.WA and not write_to_empty) else 1), \
         "Reads from core device"
@@ -537,15 +552,15 @@ def check_stats_read_after_write(exported_obj, mode, cls, write_to_empty=False):
         (0 if mode == CacheMode.PT else (cls / CacheLineSize.LINE_4KiB)), "Occupancy"
 
 
-def check_md5_sums(exported_obj: Core, mode: CacheMode):
+def check_md5_sums(core: Core, mode: CacheMode):
     if mode.lazy_write():
-        assert exported_obj.device.md5() != exported_obj.exp_obj_md5(), \
+        assert core.device.md5() != core.get_front_volume().md5(), \
             "MD5 check: core device vs exported object without flush"
-        exported_obj.cache.flush()
-        assert exported_obj.device.md5() == exported_obj.exp_obj_md5(), \
+        core.cache.flush()
+        assert core.device.md5() == core.get_front_volume().md5(), \
             "MD5 check: core device vs exported object after flush"
     else:
-        assert exported_obj.device.md5() == exported_obj.exp_obj_md5(), \
+        assert core.device.md5() == core.get_front_volume().md5(), \
             "MD5 check: core device vs exported object"
 
 
diff --git a/tests/functional/tests/security/test_management_fuzzy.py b/tests/functional/tests/security/test_management_fuzzy.py
index 0abff54..77dfc0f 100644
--- a/tests/functional/tests/security/test_management_fuzzy.py
+++ b/tests/functional/tests/security/test_management_fuzzy.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright(c) 2019-2021 Intel Corporation
+# Copyright(c) 2019-2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ from pyocf.types.cache import (
     ConfValidValues,
 )
 from pyocf.types.core import Core
-from pyocf.types.volume import Volume
+from pyocf.types.volume import RamVolume
 from pyocf.utils import Size as S
 from tests.utils.random import (
     Range,
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ def test_neg_change_cache_mode(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     :param cls: cache line size we start with
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls)
 
     # Change cache mode to invalid one and check if failed
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ def test_neg_set_cleaning_policy(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls)
 
     # Set cleaning policy to invalid one and check if failed
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def test_neg_attach_cls(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache(owner=cache_device.owner, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls)
     cache.start_cache()
 
@@ -115,13 +115,13 @@ def test_neg_cache_set_seq_cut_off_policy(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls)
 
     # Create 2 core devices
-    core_device1 = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device1 = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core1 = Core.using_device(core_device1, name="core1")
-    core_device2 = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device2 = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core2 = Core.using_device(core_device2, name="core2")
 
     # Add cores
@@ -149,13 +149,13 @@ def test_neg_cache_set_seq_cut_off_promotion(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls)
 
     # Create 2 core devices
-    core_device1 = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device1 = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core1 = Core.using_device(core_device1, name="core1")
-    core_device2 = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device2 = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core2 = Core.using_device(core_device2, name="core2")
 
     # Add cores
@@ -185,11 +185,11 @@ def test_neg_core_set_seq_cut_off_promotion(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls)
 
     # Create core device
-    core_device1 = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device1 = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core1 = Core.using_device(core_device1, name="core1")
 
     # Add core
@@ -218,13 +218,13 @@ def test_neg_cache_set_seq_cut_off_threshold(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls)
 
     # Create 2 core devices
-    core_device1 = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device1 = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core1 = Core.using_device(core_device1, name="core1")
-    core_device2 = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device2 = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core2 = Core.using_device(core_device2, name="core2")
 
     # Add cores
@@ -254,11 +254,11 @@ def test_neg_core_set_seq_cut_off_threshold(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls)
 
     # Create core device
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core.using_device(core_device, name="core")
 
     # Add core
@@ -287,11 +287,11 @@ def test_neg_core_set_seq_cut_off_policy(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls)
 
     # Create core device
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
 
     # Add core
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ def test_neg_set_alru_param(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls)
 
     # Change invalid alru param and check if failed
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ def test_neg_set_alru_param_value(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls, param):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls)
 
     cache.set_cleaning_policy(CleaningPolicy.ALRU)
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ def test_neg_set_acp_param(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls)
 
     # Change invalid acp param and check if failed
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ def test_neg_set_acp_param_value(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls, param):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls)
 
     cache.set_cleaning_policy(CleaningPolicy.ACP)
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ def test_neg_set_promotion_policy(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls)
 
     # Change to invalid promotion policy and check if failed
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@ def test_neg_set_nhit_promotion_policy_param(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device,
         cache_mode=cm,
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ def test_neg_set_nhit_promotion_policy_param_trigger(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device,
         cache_mode=cm,
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ def test_neg_set_nhit_promotion_policy_param_threshold(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device,
         cache_mode=cm,
@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ def test_neg_set_ioclass_max_size(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls)
 
     # Set invalid max size and check if failed
@@ -589,7 +589,7 @@ def test_neg_set_ioclass_priority(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls)
 
     # Set invalid priority and check if failed
@@ -619,7 +619,7 @@ def test_neg_set_ioclass_cache_mode(pyocf_ctx, cm, cls):
     :return:
     """
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=cm, cache_line_size=cls)
 
     # Set invalid cache mode and check if failed
@@ -644,7 +644,7 @@ def test_neg_set_ioclass_name(pyocf_ctx):
     invalid_chars += [",", '"']
 
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device, cache_mode=CacheMode.WT, cache_line_size=CacheLineSize.LINE_4KiB
     )
@@ -669,7 +669,7 @@ def test_neg_set_ioclass_name_len(pyocf_ctx):
     """
 
     # Start cache device
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(
         cache_device, cache_mode=CacheMode.WT, cache_line_size=CacheLineSize.LINE_4KiB
     )
diff --git a/tests/functional/tests/security/test_management_start_fuzzy.py b/tests/functional/tests/security/test_management_start_fuzzy.py
index 87296c3..6f8c540 100644
--- a/tests/functional/tests/security/test_management_start_fuzzy.py
+++ b/tests/functional/tests/security/test_management_start_fuzzy.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import pytest
 
 from pyocf.types.cache import Cache, CacheMode, MetadataLayout, PromotionPolicy
 from pyocf.types.shared import OcfError, CacheLineSize
-from pyocf.types.volume import Volume
+from pyocf.types.volume import RamVolume
 from pyocf.utils import Size
 from tests.utils.random import RandomGenerator, DefaultRanges, Range
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 def try_start_cache(**config):
-    cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, **config)
     cache.stop()
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ def test_fuzzy_start_name(pyocf_ctx, string_randomize, cm, cls):
     :param cm: cache mode value to start cache with
     :param cls: cache line size value to start cache with
     """
-    cache_device = Volume(Size.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(Size.from_MiB(50))
     incorrect_values = ['']
     try:
         cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, name=string_randomize, cache_mode=cm,
diff --git a/tests/functional/tests/security/test_negative_io.py b/tests/functional/tests/security/test_negative_io.py
index 3d1e3bb..0a80cf1 100644
--- a/tests/functional/tests/security/test_negative_io.py
+++ b/tests/functional/tests/security/test_negative_io.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright(c) 2019-2021 Intel Corporation
+# Copyright(c) 2019-2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
@@ -11,8 +11,10 @@ import pytest
 from pyocf.types.cache import Cache, Core
 from pyocf.types.data import Data
 from pyocf.types.io import IoDir
+from pyocf.types.queue import Queue
 from pyocf.types.shared import OcfCompletion
-from pyocf.types.volume import Volume
+from pyocf.types.volume import Volume, RamVolume
+from pyocf.types.volume_core import CoreVolume
 from pyocf.utils import Size
 
 
@@ -22,9 +24,9 @@ def test_neg_write_too_long_data(pyocf_ctx, c_uint16_randomize):
         Check if writing data larger than exported object size is properly blocked
     """
 
-    core = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(1))
+    vol, queue = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(1))
     data = Data(int(Size.from_KiB(c_uint16_randomize)))
-    completion = io_operation(core, data, IoDir.WRITE)
+    completion = io_operation(vol, queue, data, IoDir.WRITE)
 
     if c_uint16_randomize > 1024:
         assert completion.results["err"] != 0
@@ -38,9 +40,9 @@ def test_neg_read_too_long_data(pyocf_ctx, c_uint16_randomize):
         Check if reading data larger than exported object size is properly blocked
     """
 
-    core = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(1))
+    vol, queue = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(1))
     data = Data(int(Size.from_KiB(c_uint16_randomize)))
-    completion = io_operation(core, data, IoDir.READ)
+    completion = io_operation(vol, queue, data, IoDir.READ)
 
     if c_uint16_randomize > 1024:
         assert completion.results["err"] != 0
@@ -56,9 +58,9 @@ def test_neg_write_too_far(pyocf_ctx, c_uint16_randomize):
     """
 
     limited_size = c_uint16_randomize % (int(Size.from_KiB(4)) + 1)
-    core = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(4))
+    vol, queue = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(4))
     data = Data(int(Size.from_KiB(limited_size)))
-    completion = io_operation(core, data, IoDir.WRITE, int(Size.from_MiB(3)))
+    completion = io_operation(vol, queue, data, IoDir.WRITE, int(Size.from_MiB(3)))
 
     if limited_size > 1024:
         assert completion.results["err"] != 0
@@ -74,9 +76,9 @@ def test_neg_read_too_far(pyocf_ctx, c_uint16_randomize):
     """
 
     limited_size = c_uint16_randomize % (int(Size.from_KiB(4)) + 1)
-    core = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(4))
+    vol, queue = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(4))
     data = Data(int(Size.from_KiB(limited_size)))
-    completion = io_operation(core, data, IoDir.READ, offset=(Size.from_MiB(3)))
+    completion = io_operation(vol, queue, data, IoDir.READ, offset=(Size.from_MiB(3)))
 
     if limited_size > 1024:
         assert completion.results["err"] != 0
@@ -91,9 +93,9 @@ def test_neg_write_offset_outside_of_device(pyocf_ctx, c_int_sector_randomize):
         IO offset is located outside of device range
     """
 
-    core = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(2))
+    vol, queue = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(2))
     data = Data(int(Size.from_KiB(1)))
-    completion = io_operation(core, data, IoDir.WRITE, offset=c_int_sector_randomize)
+    completion = io_operation(vol, queue, data, IoDir.WRITE, offset=c_int_sector_randomize)
 
     if 0 <= c_int_sector_randomize <= int(Size.from_MiB(2)) - int(Size.from_KiB(1)):
         assert completion.results["err"] == 0
@@ -108,9 +110,9 @@ def test_neg_read_offset_outside_of_device(pyocf_ctx, c_int_sector_randomize):
         IO offset is located outside of device range
     """
 
-    core = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(2))
+    vol, queue = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(2))
     data = Data(int(Size.from_KiB(1)))
-    completion = io_operation(core, data, IoDir.READ, offset=c_int_sector_randomize)
+    completion = io_operation(vol, queue, data, IoDir.READ, offset=c_int_sector_randomize)
 
     if 0 <= c_int_sector_randomize <= int(Size.from_MiB(2)) - int(Size.from_KiB(1)):
         assert completion.results["err"] == 0
@@ -125,11 +127,11 @@ def test_neg_offset_unaligned(pyocf_ctx, c_int_randomize):
         IO offset is not aligned
     """
 
-    core = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(2))
+    vol, queue = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(2))
     data = Data(int(Size.from_KiB(1)))
     if c_int_randomize % 512 != 0:
         with pytest.raises(Exception, match="Failed to create io!"):
-            core.new_io(core.cache.get_default_queue(), c_int_randomize, data.size,
+            vol.new_io(queue, c_int_randomize, data.size,
                         IoDir.WRITE, 0, 0)
 
 
@@ -140,11 +142,11 @@ def test_neg_size_unaligned(pyocf_ctx, c_uint16_randomize):
         IO size is not aligned
     """
 
-    core = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(2))
+    vol, queue = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(2))
     data = Data(int(Size.from_B(c_uint16_randomize)))
     if c_uint16_randomize % 512 != 0:
         with pytest.raises(Exception, match="Failed to create io!"):
-            core.new_io(core.cache.get_default_queue(), 0, data.size,
+            vol.new_io(queue, 0, data.size,
                         IoDir.WRITE, 0, 0)
 
 
@@ -155,9 +157,9 @@ def test_neg_io_class(pyocf_ctx, c_int_randomize):
         number is not in allowed values {0, ..., 32}
     """
 
-    core = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(2))
+    vol, queue = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(2))
     data = Data(int(Size.from_MiB(1)))
-    completion = io_operation(core, data, randrange(0, 2), io_class=c_int_randomize)
+    completion = io_operation(vol, queue, data, randrange(0, 2), io_class=c_int_randomize)
 
     if 0 <= c_int_randomize <= 32:
         assert completion.results["err"] == 0
@@ -172,9 +174,9 @@ def test_neg_io_direction(pyocf_ctx, c_int_randomize):
         that is when IO direction value is not in allowed values {0, 1}
     """
 
-    core = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(2))
+    vol, queue = prepare_cache_and_core(Size.from_MiB(2))
     data = Data(int(Size.from_MiB(1)))
-    completion = io_operation(core, data, c_int_randomize)
+    completion = io_operation(vol, queue, data, c_int_randomize)
 
     if c_int_randomize in [0, 1]:
         assert completion.results["err"] == 0
@@ -183,19 +185,28 @@ def test_neg_io_direction(pyocf_ctx, c_int_randomize):
 
 
 def prepare_cache_and_core(core_size: Size, cache_size: Size = Size.from_MiB(50)):
-    cache_device = Volume(cache_size)
-    core_device = Volume(core_size)
+    cache_device = RamVolume(cache_size)
+    core_device = RamVolume(core_size)
 
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device)
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
 
     cache.add_core(core)
-    return core
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+    queue = cache.get_default_queue()
+
+    return vol, queue
 
 
-def io_operation(core: Core, data: Data, io_direction: int, offset: int = 0, io_class: int = 0):
-    io = core.new_io(core.cache.get_default_queue(), offset, data.size,
-                     io_direction, io_class, 0)
+def io_operation(
+    vol: Volume,
+    queue: Queue,
+    data: Data,
+    io_direction: int,
+    offset: int = 0,
+    io_class: int = 0,
+):
+    io = vol.new_io(queue, offset, data.size, io_direction, io_class, 0)
     io.set_data(data)
 
     completion = OcfCompletion([("err", c_int)])
diff --git a/tests/functional/tests/security/test_secure_erase.py b/tests/functional/tests/security/test_secure_erase.py
index 8123f6c..ab51e2a 100644
--- a/tests/functional/tests/security/test_secure_erase.py
+++ b/tests/functional/tests/security/test_secure_erase.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# Copyright(c) 2019-2021 Intel Corporation
+# Copyright(c) 2019-2022 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 #
 
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ from ctypes import c_int
 
 from pyocf.types.cache import Cache, CacheMode
 from pyocf.types.core import Core
-from pyocf.types.volume import Volume
+from pyocf.types.volume import Volume, RamVolume
+from pyocf.types.volume_core import CoreVolume
 from pyocf.utils import Size as S
 from pyocf.types.data import Data, DataOps
 from pyocf.types.ctx import OcfCtx
@@ -75,18 +76,20 @@ def test_secure_erase_simple_io_read_misses(cache_mode):
         Cleaner,
     )
 
-    ctx.register_volume_type(Volume)
+    ctx.register_volume_type(RamVolume)
 
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=cache_mode)
 
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
     cache.add_core(core)
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+    queue = cache.get_default_queue()
 
     write_data = DataCopyTracer(S.from_sector(1))
-    io = core.new_io(
-        cache.get_default_queue(),
+    io = vol.new_io(
+        queue,
         S.from_sector(1).B,
         write_data.size,
         IoDir.WRITE,
@@ -103,8 +106,8 @@ def test_secure_erase_simple_io_read_misses(cache_mode):
     cmpls = []
     for i in range(100):
         read_data = DataCopyTracer(S.from_sector(1))
-        io = core.new_io(
-            cache.get_default_queue(),
+        io = vol.new_io(
+            queue,
             i * S.from_sector(1).B,
             read_data.size,
             IoDir.READ,
@@ -122,9 +125,7 @@ def test_secure_erase_simple_io_read_misses(cache_mode):
         c.wait()
 
     write_data = DataCopyTracer.from_string("TEST DATA" * 100)
-    io = core.new_io(
-        cache.get_default_queue(), S.from_sector(1), write_data.size, IoDir.WRITE, 0, 0
-    )
+    io = vol.new_io(queue, S.from_sector(1), write_data.size, IoDir.WRITE, 0, 0)
     io.set_data(write_data)
 
     cmpl = OcfCompletion([("err", c_int)])
@@ -147,7 +148,6 @@ def test_secure_erase_simple_io_read_misses(cache_mode):
         + stats["req"]["rd_full_misses"]["value"]
     ) > 0
 
-
 @pytest.mark.security
 def test_secure_erase_simple_io_cleaning():
     """
@@ -168,19 +168,19 @@ def test_secure_erase_simple_io_cleaning():
         Cleaner,
     )
 
-    ctx.register_volume_type(Volume)
+    ctx.register_volume_type(RamVolume)
 
-    cache_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(50))
+    cache_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(50))
     cache = Cache.start_on_device(cache_device, cache_mode=CacheMode.WB)
 
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(100))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(100))
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
     cache.add_core(core)
+    vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+    queue = cache.get_default_queue()
 
     read_data = Data(S.from_sector(1).B)
-    io = core.new_io(
-        cache.get_default_queue(), S.from_sector(1).B, read_data.size, IoDir.WRITE, 0, 0
-    )
+    io = vol.new_io(queue, S.from_sector(1).B, read_data.size, IoDir.WRITE, 0, 0)
     io.set_data(read_data)
 
     cmpl = OcfCompletion([("err", c_int)])
@@ -189,9 +189,7 @@ def test_secure_erase_simple_io_cleaning():
     cmpl.wait()
 
     read_data = Data(S.from_sector(8).B)
-    io = core.new_io(
-        cache.get_default_queue(), S.from_sector(1).B, read_data.size, IoDir.READ, 0, 0
-    )
+    io = vol.new_io(queue, S.from_sector(1).B, read_data.size, IoDir.READ, 0, 0)
     io.set_data(read_data)
 
     cmpl = OcfCompletion([("err", c_int)])
diff --git a/tests/functional/tests/surprise_shutdown/test_management_surprise_shutdown.py b/tests/functional/tests/surprise_shutdown/test_management_surprise_shutdown.py
index 4dc3483..1fb059a 100644
--- a/tests/functional/tests/surprise_shutdown/test_management_surprise_shutdown.py
+++ b/tests/functional/tests/surprise_shutdown/test_management_surprise_shutdown.py
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ from pyocf.types.cache import (
 )
 from pyocf.types.data import Data
 from pyocf.types.core import Core
-from pyocf.types.volume import ErrorDevice, Volume
+from pyocf.types.volume import ErrorDevice, RamVolume, VOLUME_POISON
+from pyocf.types.volume_core import CoreVolume
 from pyocf.types.io import IoDir
 from pyocf.types.ioclass import IoClassesInfo, IoClassInfo
 from pyocf.utils import Size as S
@@ -34,20 +35,20 @@ mngmt_op_surprise_shutdown_test_cache_size = S.from_MiB(40)
 mngmt_op_surprise_shutdown_test_io_offset = S.from_MiB(4).B
 
 
-def ocf_write(cache, core, val, offset):
+def ocf_write(vol, queue, val, offset):
     data = Data.from_bytes(bytes([val] * 512))
     comp = OcfCompletion([("error", c_int)])
-    io = core.new_io(cache.get_default_queue(), offset, 512, IoDir.WRITE, 0, 0)
+    io = vol.new_io(queue, offset, 512, IoDir.WRITE, 0, 0)
     io.set_data(data)
     io.callback = comp.callback
     io.submit()
     comp.wait()
 
 
-def ocf_read(cache, core, offset):
+def ocf_read(vol, queue, offset):
     data = Data(byte_count=512)
     comp = OcfCompletion([("error", c_int)])
-    io = core.new_io(cache.get_default_queue(), offset, 512, IoDir.READ, 0, 0)
+    io = vol.new_io(queue, offset, 512, IoDir.READ, 0, 0)
     io.set_data(data)
     io.callback = comp.callback
     io.submit()
@@ -118,7 +119,7 @@ def mngmt_op_surprise_shutdown_test(
 # power failure during core insert
 @pytest.mark.security
 def test_surprise_shutdown_add_core(pyocf_ctx):
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
 
     def check_core(cache, error_triggered):
         stats = cache.get_stats()
@@ -138,7 +139,7 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_add_core(pyocf_ctx):
 @pytest.mark.security
 @pytest.mark.long
 def test_surprise_shutdown_remove_core(pyocf_ctx):
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core.using_device(core_device)
 
     def prepare_func(cache):
@@ -158,12 +159,13 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_remove_core(pyocf_ctx):
 @pytest.mark.long
 def test_surprise_shutdown_remove_core_with_data(pyocf_ctx):
     io_offset = mngmt_op_surprise_shutdown_test_io_offset
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core.using_device(core_device, name="core1")
 
     def prepare_func(cache):
         cache.add_core(core)
-        ocf_write(cache, core, 0xAA, io_offset)
+        vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+        ocf_write(vol, cache.get_default_queue(), 0xAA, io_offset)
 
     def tested_func(cache):
         cache.flush()
@@ -175,7 +177,8 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_remove_core_with_data(pyocf_ctx):
             assert core_device.get_bytes()[io_offset] == 0xAA
         else:
             core = cache.get_core_by_name("core1")
-            assert ocf_read(cache, core, io_offset) == 0xAA
+            vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+            assert ocf_read(vol, cache.get_default_queue(), io_offset) == 0xAA
 
     mngmt_op_surprise_shutdown_test(pyocf_ctx, tested_func, prepare_func, check_func)
 
@@ -184,8 +187,8 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_remove_core_with_data(pyocf_ctx):
 @pytest.mark.security
 @pytest.mark.long
 def test_surprise_shutdown_swap_core(pyocf_ctx):
-    core_device_1 = Volume(S.from_MiB(10), uuid="dev1")
-    core_device_2 = Volume(S.from_MiB(10), uuid="dev2")
+    core_device_1 = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10), uuid="dev1")
+    core_device_2 = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10), uuid="dev2")
     core1 = Core.using_device(core_device_1, name="core1")
     core2 = Core.using_device(core_device_2, name="core2")
 
@@ -219,15 +222,16 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_swap_core(pyocf_ctx):
 @pytest.mark.security
 @pytest.mark.long
 def test_surprise_shutdown_swap_core_with_data(pyocf_ctx):
-    core_device_1 = Volume(S.from_MiB(10), uuid="dev1")
-    core_device_2 = Volume(S.from_MiB(10), uuid="dev2")
+    core_device_1 = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10), uuid="dev1")
+    core_device_2 = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10), uuid="dev2")
     core1 = Core.using_device(core_device_1, name="core1")
     core2 = Core.using_device(core_device_2, name="core2")
 
     def prepare(cache):
         cache.add_core(core1)
+        vol = CoreVolume(core1, open=True)
         cache.save()
-        ocf_write(cache, core1, 0xAA, mngmt_op_surprise_shutdown_test_io_offset)
+        ocf_write(vol, cache.get_default_queue(), 0xAA, mngmt_op_surprise_shutdown_test_io_offset)
         cache.remove_core(core1)
         cache.save()
 
@@ -249,10 +253,11 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_swap_core_with_data(pyocf_ctx):
             core2 = cache.get_core_by_name("core2")
 
         if core2 is not None:
+            vol2 = CoreVolume(core2, open=True)
             assert core2.device.uuid == "dev2"
             assert (
-                ocf_read(cache, core2, mngmt_op_surprise_shutdown_test_io_offset)
-                == Volume.VOLUME_POISON
+                ocf_read(vol2, cache.get_default_queue(), mngmt_op_surprise_shutdown_test_io_offset)
+                == VOLUME_POISON
             )
 
     mngmt_op_surprise_shutdown_test(pyocf_ctx, tested_func, prepare, check_func)
@@ -312,7 +317,7 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_start_cache(pyocf_ctx):
 @pytest.mark.security
 @pytest.mark.long
 def test_surprise_shutdown_stop_cache(pyocf_ctx):
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     error_triggered = True
     error_io_seq_no = 0
     io_offset = mngmt_op_surprise_shutdown_test_io_offset
@@ -328,7 +333,8 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_stop_cache(pyocf_ctx):
         cache = Cache.start_on_device(device, cache_mode=CacheMode.WB)
         core = Core(device=core_device)
         cache.add_core(core)
-        ocf_write(cache, core, 0xAA, io_offset)
+        vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+        ocf_write(vol, cache.get_default_queue(), 0xAA, io_offset)
 
         # start error injection
         device.arm()
@@ -353,7 +359,7 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_stop_cache(pyocf_ctx):
         device.disarm()
         cache = None
 
-        assert core_device.get_bytes()[io_offset] == Volume.VOLUME_POISON
+        assert core_device.get_bytes()[io_offset] == VOLUME_POISON
 
         cache = Cache.load_from_device(device, open_cores=False)
         stats = cache.get_stats()
@@ -361,7 +367,8 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_stop_cache(pyocf_ctx):
             assert stats["usage"]["occupancy"]["value"] == 1
             core = Core(device=core_device)
             cache.add_core(core, try_add=True)
-            assert ocf_read(cache, core, io_offset) == 0xAA
+            vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+            assert ocf_read(vol, cache.get_default_queue(), io_offset) == 0xAA
 
         cache.stop()
 
@@ -371,7 +378,7 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_stop_cache(pyocf_ctx):
 
 @pytest.mark.security
 def test_surprise_shutdown_cache_reinit(pyocf_ctx):
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
 
     error_io = {IoDir.WRITE: 0}
 
@@ -388,13 +395,15 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_cache_reinit(pyocf_ctx):
         cache = Cache.start_on_device(device, cache_mode=CacheMode.WB)
         core = Core(device=core_device)
         cache.add_core(core)
+        vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+        queue = cache.get_default_queue()
 
         # insert dirty cacheline
-        ocf_write(cache, core, 0xAA, io_offset)
+        ocf_write(vol, queue, 0xAA, io_offset)
 
         cache.stop()
 
-        assert core_device.get_bytes()[io_offset] == Volume.VOLUME_POISON
+        assert core_device.get_bytes()[io_offset] == VOLUME_POISON
 
         # start error injection
         device.arm()
@@ -432,7 +441,8 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_cache_reinit(pyocf_ctx):
             if stats["conf"]["core_count"] == 0:
                 assert stats["usage"]["occupancy"]["value"] == 0
                 cache.add_core(core)
-                assert ocf_read(cache, core, io_offset) == Volume.VOLUME_POISON
+                vol = CoreVolume(core, open=True)
+                assert ocf_read(vol, cache.get_default_queue(), io_offset) == VOLUME_POISON
 
             cache.stop()
 
@@ -440,7 +450,7 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_cache_reinit(pyocf_ctx):
 
 
 def _test_surprise_shutdown_mngmt_generic(pyocf_ctx, func):
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core(device=core_device)
 
     def prepare(cache):
@@ -464,7 +474,7 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_change_cache_mode(pyocf_ctx):
 @pytest.mark.security
 @pytest.mark.long
 def test_surprise_shutdown_set_cleaning_policy(pyocf_ctx):
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core(device=core_device)
 
     for c1 in CleaningPolicy:
@@ -485,7 +495,7 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_set_cleaning_policy(pyocf_ctx):
 @pytest.mark.security
 @pytest.mark.long
 def test_surprise_shutdown_set_seq_cut_off_policy(pyocf_ctx):
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core(device=core_device)
 
     for s1 in SeqCutOffPolicy:
@@ -522,7 +532,7 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_set_seq_cut_off_threshold(pyocf_ctx):
 @pytest.mark.security
 @pytest.mark.long
 def test_surprise_shutdown_set_cleaning_policy_param(pyocf_ctx):
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core(device=core_device)
 
     for pol in CleaningPolicy:
@@ -574,7 +584,7 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_set_cleaning_policy_param(pyocf_ctx):
 @pytest.mark.security
 @pytest.mark.long
 def test_surprise_shutdown_set_promotion_policy(pyocf_ctx):
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core(device=core_device)
 
     for pp1 in PromotionPolicy:
@@ -595,7 +605,7 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_set_promotion_policy(pyocf_ctx):
 @pytest.mark.security
 @pytest.mark.long
 def test_surprise_shutdown_set_promotion_policy_param(pyocf_ctx):
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core(device=core_device)
 
     for pp in PromotionPolicy:
@@ -633,7 +643,7 @@ def test_surprise_shutdown_set_promotion_policy_param(pyocf_ctx):
 @pytest.mark.security
 @pytest.mark.long
 def test_surprise_shutdown_set_io_class_config(pyocf_ctx):
-    core_device = Volume(S.from_MiB(10))
+    core_device = RamVolume(S.from_MiB(10))
     core = Core(device=core_device)
 
     class_range = range(0, IoClassesInfo.MAX_IO_CLASSES)