genprotimg: boot: initial bootloader support

Add a boot loader for protected virtualization (PV) that can be
combined with a kernel/initrd/parmfile to form a single bootable file.
This file must be constructed in a way that it can be used (1) for a
QEMU direct kernel boot and (2) it can be zipl'ed by the normal,
unmodified zipl program.

This new boot loader consists of two parts:

1. stage3a boot loader (cleartext), this loader is responsible for
   the transition into the protected mode by doing diag308 subcode 8
   and 10 calls.

2. stage3b boot loader (encrypted), this loader is very similar to the
   normal zipl stage3 boot loader. It will be loaded by the Ultravisor
   after the successful transition into protected mode. Like the zipl
   stage3 boot loader it moves the kernel and patches in the values
   for initrd and parmline.

The requirements for (1) and (2) result in the following constraints:

1. It must be possible to place stage3a and stage3b at a location >=
   0x10000 because the zipl stage3 loader zeroes out everything at
   addresses lower than 0x10000 of the image.

2. As the stage3 loader of zipl assumes that the passed kernel image
   looks like a normal kernel image, the zipl stage3 loader modifies the
   content at the memory area 0x10400 - 0x10800, therefore we leave this
   area unused in our stage3a loader.

3. The default entry address used by the zipl stage3 loader is 0x10000
   so we add a simple branch to 0x11000 at 0x10000 so the zipl stage3
   loader can modify the area 0x10400 - 0x10800 without affecting the
   stage3a loader.

The stage3b loader is linked at address 0x9000, therefore it will not
work at another address. The relocation support for the stage3b
loader, so that it can be placed at addresses != 0x9000, is added in
the next patch. This loader with relocation support has the name
'stage3b_reloc'.

The memory layout of the single bootable file looks like:

+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|Start                  |End        |Use                     |
+=======================+===========+========================+
|0                      |0x7        |Short PSW, starting     |
|                       |           |instruction at 0x11000  |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|0x10000                |0x10012    |Branch to 0x11000       |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|0x10013                |0x10fff    |Left intentionally      |
|                       |           |unused                  |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|0x11000                |0x12fff    |Stage3a                 |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|0x13000                |0x13fff    |IPIB used as argument   |
|                       |           |for the diag308 call    |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|0x14000                |0x1[45]fff |UV header used for the  |
|                       |           |diag308 call (size can  |
|                       |           |be either 1 or 2 pages) |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|NEXT_PAGE_ALIGNED_ADDR |           |Encrypted Kernel        |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|NEXT_PAGE_ALIGNED_ADDR |           |Encrypted Cmdline       |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|NEXT_PAGE_ALIGNED_ADDR |           |Encrypted Initrd        |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|NEXT_PAGE_ALIGNED_ADDR |           |Encrypted Stage3b_reloc |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+

Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>

include/boot/ipl.h

@@ -89,6 +89,30 @@ struct ipl_pb0_ccw {
 	uint8_t  reserved5[8];
 } __packed;
 
+/* Structure must not have any padding */
+struct ipl_pb0_pv_comp {
+	uint64_t tweak_pref;
+	uint64_t addr;
+	uint64_t len;
+};
+STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(struct ipl_pb0_pv_comp) == 3 * 8)
+
+/* IPL Parameter Block 0 for PV */
+struct ipl_pb0_pv {
+	uint32_t len;
+	uint8_t  pbt;
+	uint8_t  reserved1[3];
+	uint8_t  loadparm[8];
+	uint8_t  reserved2[84];
+	uint8_t  reserved3[3];
+	uint8_t  version;
+	uint8_t  reserved4[4];
+	uint32_t num_comp;
+	uint64_t pv_hdr_addr;
+	uint64_t pv_hdr_size;
+	struct ipl_pb0_pv_comp components[];
+} __packed;
+
 struct ipl_parameter_block {
 	struct ipl_pl_hdr hdr;
 	union {
@@ -96,6 +120,7 @@ struct ipl_parameter_block {
 		struct ipl_pb0_common common;
 		struct ipl_pb0_fcp fcp;
 		struct ipl_pb0_ccw ccw;
+		struct ipl_pb0_pv pv;
 		char raw[PAGE_SIZE - sizeof(struct ipl_pl_hdr)];
 	};
 } __packed __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);

include/boot/s390.h

@@ -18,6 +18,12 @@
 
 #define PAGE_SIZE		_AC(4096, UL)
 
+/* Minimum size of a stack frame in bytes */
+#define STACK_FRAME_OVERHEAD	_AC(160, U)
+
+/* Facilities */
+#define UNPACK_FACILITY		_AC(161, U)
+
 
 #ifndef __ASSEMBLER__
 
@@ -262,11 +268,17 @@ static __always_inline void __ctl_set_bit(unsigned int cr, unsigned int bit)
  * DIAG 308 support
  */
 enum diag308_subcode {
-	DIAG308_REL_HSA = 2,
-	DIAG308_IPL	= 3,
-	DIAG308_DUMP	= 4,
-	DIAG308_SET	= 5,
-	DIAG308_STORE	= 6,
+	DIAG308_REL_HSA	  = 2,
+	DIAG308_IPL	  = 3,
+	DIAG308_DUMP	  = 4,
+	DIAG308_SET	  = 5,
+	DIAG308_STORE	  = 6,
+	DIAG308_SET_PV	  = 8,
+	DIAG308_UNPACK_PV = 10,
+};
+
+enum diag308_rc {
+	DIAG308_RC_OK	      = 0x0001,
 };
 
 static __always_inline unsigned long diag308(unsigned long subcode, void *addr)