`load_wait_psw` is defined in include/boot/s390.h but is implemented in
zipl/boot/libc.c. This results in a dangling definition for s390.h users
other than zipl, due to the missing implementation. Since the function
is only relevant for zipl, move the definition to the corresponding
header file zipl/boot/libc.h
Reviewed-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steffen Eiden <seiden@linux.ibm.com>
Make the listed changes which are needed to re-use some definitions
by the new zipl-debug(8) tool introduced by the next patch in the
series:
. Add definitions to boot_defs.h:
. a named union disk_bloclkptr (instead of the anonymous one);
. a named structure disk_program_table;
. Remove a 'typedef union disk_blockptr_t' from boot/stage2.h
(cleanup), use the named union in boot_defs.h instead;
. Move the definition of scsi_layout types and the function
get_scsi_layout() from install.c to install.h;
. Move definition of PROGRAM_TABLE_BLOCK_SIZE from bootmap.c to
bootmap.h
Signed-off-by: Eduard Shishkin <edward6@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Since GCC12 several warnings like the following are produced in
zipl/boot compile targets:
CC zipl/boot/stage2.o
stage2.c: In function ‘start’:
stage2.c:99:24: warning: array subscript 0 is outside array bounds of ‘struct stage2_descr[0]’ [-Warray-bounds]
99 | stage2_descr = *(struct stage2_descr*)STAGE2_DESC;
This is the same issue as reported for the Kernel [1][2]. There is
currently no sane fix available, therefore simply disable the warning
for the zipl/boot/ targets.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/yt9dzgkelelc.fsf@linux.ibm.com/
[2] https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=99578
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steffen Eiden <seiden@linux.ibm.com>
Currently, each generated loader binary is linked into one data.o object
file which is then linked against boot.o. The data.o file is also used
to generate the data.h header file using nm, which will contain all
symbols required by zipl.
The linking process is somewhat depended on the directory, as the symbol
names are derived from the file names of the input files, which is the
default behavior of the linker. The file name in this case being the
entire path.
Examples for the current situation (starting from root dir in each case):
$ cd zipl/boot && make eckd0_cdl.bin
$ cc -no-pie -static -nostdlib -Wl,--relocatable -Wl,--format,binary -o data.o eckd0_cdl.bin
$ nm data.o
0000000000000018 D _binary_eckd0_cdl_bin_end
0000000000000018 A _binary_eckd0_cdl_bin_size
0000000000000000 D _binary_eckd0_cdl_bin_start
$ make -C zipl/boot eckd0_cdl.bin
$ cc -no-pie -static -nostdlib -Wl,--relocatable -Wl,--format,binary -o data.o zipl/boot/eckd0_cdl.bin
$ nm data.o
000000000000018 D _binary_zipl_boot_eckd0_cdl_bin_end
000000000000018 A _binary_zipl_boot_eckd0_cdl_bin_size
000000000000000 D _binary_zipl_boot_eckd0_cdl_bin_start
The example above shows that the entire path would end up in the symbol
name if specified that way.
To make this more robust, future proof, and get more control of the
resulting symbol names, use '.incbin' and some macros for embedding the
loader binary files. This also reduces the linker step and the
generation of the data.h header file.
Reviewed-by: Steffen Eiden <seiden@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Co-developed-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Use linker script for all bootloaders instead of having the load
addresses of the bootloaders hard-coded in the Makefile. This allows us
to simplify the Makefile and it fixes the dependency tracking for the
bootloaders *0.bin, *1.bin, and *1b.bin.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Instead of maintaining an include list, use an exclude list (if
neccessary). This simplifies the `objcopy` calls a lot, and it's
possible because `objcopy -O binary` only includes the memory dump of
the contents of the input object file. [1] This means that sections like
for debug information that do not occupy memory during the process
execution are discarded by design. [2]
In addition, if we do not want a particular ELF section, we can list it
in the discard section of the linker script.
[1] https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/objcopy.1.html
[2] https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man5/elf.5.html
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
This disables the following warning `ld: warning: stage3.exec has a LOAD
segment with RWX permissions` for newer linker. This changes nothing in
functionality for the zipl bootloaders, since only the binaries and not
the ELF files are actually used.
Acked-by: Eduard Shishkin <edward6@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Normally, `gcc` takes care of adding the `GNU_STACK` marking except for
assembly code. Therefore, let's add the marking manually. Discard the
`.note.GNU-stack` section in the linker script since it's just a
"message" from the compiler to the linker. This fixes the linker
warning:
ld: warning: entry.o: missing .note.GNU-stack section implies executable stack
Acked-by: Eduard Shishkin <edward6@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
The ELF section `.eh_frame` is used for frame unwinding during, for
example, exception handling and the section `.interp` is used by the
program interpreter. [1] Since no frame unwinding nor a program
interpreter is used for the bootloaders we can discard these input
section.
The content of the (exec|bin) files don't change after this change.
[1] https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/LSB_1.2.0/gLSB/specialsections.html
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Make zipl tool prepare ECKD DASD for booting by different IPL
programs (with the same boot record installed).
Besides standard CCW-type IPL, user gets an ability to trigger
(with the same boot record installed!) List-Directed IPL. This
allows to use the feature of secure boot from ECKD DASD (which
is not available for CCW-type IPL).
When using the old boot interfaces, the usual CCW-type IPL is
triggered for DASD. Also for compatibility reasons zipl(8) tool
is modified to create and install one, or two "similar" program
tables per boot partition, depending on job and disk type. The
"similar" program tables differ only in block pointers format.
The old IPL programs (CCW-type IPL) use program table based on the
old format.
All program tables are packed to the same bootmap file. Their
order and logical offsets in the file are not significant (not
used by anyone).
The picture below shows which program table is used for IPL of
specified type from disk of specified type. Here "0" and "1" are
identifiers of program tables based on the old and new block
pointers format respectively. E.g. program table "0" is used for
CCW-type IPL from ECKD DASD. LD-IPL from DASD FBA is unsupported
(respectively, only one program table "0" is used), etc.
CCW-IPL LD-IPL
SCSI X 0
DASD FBA 0 X
ECKD DASD LDL 0 X
ECKD DASD CDL 0 1
Signed-off-by: Eduard Shishkin <edward6@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
This patch enhances the zipl stage3 loader image adding a trailer as
required for secure boot by future firmware versions.
Note: with the change in this patch the padding via objcopy command line
options is replaced by padding via linker script directives with the
same effect.
Signed-off-by: Peter Oberparleiter <oberpar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
This instruction is not present on older machines, therefore
use ltr.
Signed-off-by: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>
Fixes: 1627c6a39f ("zipl: Support command lines longer than 896 bytes in bootloader")
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
. Parse LOADPARM specified by user to find out site-ID;
. Support multiple namespaces in the environment block. Use hash
function on "extended" strings (i.e. strings with logical
prefixes) for the key-value store implementation;
. Added logic to activate a particular namespace by site-ID passed
by user via LOADPARM;
. Modify the logic of evaluation of zIPL environment variables in
the kernel command line. Use the activated namespace for the
evaluation
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Eduard Shishkin <edward6@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Consolidate type definitions in order to avoid duplicated code, getting
better compiler support, and to avoid confusing namings for the same
thing - e.g. `blk_end` vs. `blockcnt` field name used in the old `struct
fba_dump_param` definitions. It also allows us to get rid of two
`uint64_t` casts.
While at it, fix the documentation of `struct eckd_blockptr`.
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Steffen Eiden <seiden@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
...otherwise `.note.gnu.build-id` will be put at 0x0 (location for s390x
lowcore) if the linker option `--build-id` is used (which is the default
if gcc is used for linking).
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Steffen Eiden <seiden@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Use the `tpi_info` struct definition, similar to the Linux kernel, in
the lowcore struct. This change allows us to use simple assignments
instead of using casts. Additionally, there is the advantage that the
lowcore definition from the s390-tools now looks more similar to the
lowcore definition used by the Linux kernel.
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Steffen Eiden <seiden@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
By default, the Bash file globbing pattern '*' doesn't list files prefixed by a
dot (see https://linux.die.net/man/1/bash). Let's fix this by using the pattern
`.*` instead. While at it, add `--` option to remove possible problems with
leading dashes in filenames.
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Remove NO_PIE_LINKFLAGS and follow the naming convention by using
LDFLAGS for linker flags. Replace all occurrences accordingly.
Reviewed-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Fix Sparse findings like:
warning: symbol 'hash_table_find' was not declared. Should it be static?
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
This adds support for long command lines. The boot loader stages
will no longer use a fixed limit when copying the command line, but
will use the maximum length from the kernel image that is being loaded.
Signed-off-by: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
The assembly code in tape0.S loads the kernel from tape to offset 0x4000.
After loading the kernel it loads the parm file and stores it to the
address provided by zipl. zipl doesn't know about the 0x4000 load offset,
so this address is inside of the kernel image and will silently corrupt
the loaded image in memory.
Fix this by copying the kernel to the final destination before loading
the parm files and initrd. We can do this because we can strip the first
0x10000 bytes like the zipl C code does for non-tape IPL.
Signed-off-by: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
No need to use memcpy() and carry the length around all the time.
Switch to using strlcpy() to simplify the code.
Signed-off-by: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Always clear the COMMAND_LINE_EXTRA region, also in case sclp_setup()
fails. If the region is not cleared properly, there might be junk
in there after a reboot, causing confusion for the kernel later.
While we're at it, also switch to COMMAND_LINE_EXTRA_SIZE instead
of COMMAND_LINE_SIZE, since that constant is more appropriate here.
Closes: https://github.com/ibm-s390-linux/s390-tools/pull/122
Reviewed-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Before starting the kernel:
1. parse environment block (if any) and create a hash table
of all found pairs (NAME, VALUE);
2. scan the command line, which already contains extra-parameters
(if any), and for each found ${NAME} replace it with VALUE, as
found in the hash table by NAME.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Oberparleiter <oberpar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Eduard Shishkin <edward6@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
When installing a boot record for "ipl" and "menu" job, always add
an environment block as a boot component located in bootmap file
at offset alinged on file system block size boundary. When adding,
first try to import environment from a file at location specified
by newly introduced "--environment" zipl option, or by default at
"/etc/ziplenv". If nothing was imported, then add a blank environment
block. Optionally print the content of the environment block.
Store environment block size and address (as of boot component) in
stage3_parms.
Change interface of add_ipl_program(): add 2 additional arguments:
a pointer to bootmap file name and a predicate indicating if we
need to add environment block as a boot component.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Oberparleiter <oberpar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Eduard Shishkin <edward6@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
For the stage2 of zipl's boot loaders only 3 heap pages are available
[0x6000, 0x6000 + 0x3000]. Therefore, stage2 code needs to be very careful
when and for how long it allocates a heap page.
The heap OOM problem in stage2 was hidden until the commit 252be376
("zipl/boot: fix potential heap overflow in stage2"). Before this commit,
stage2 assumed that heap is 4 pages large which is apparently very wrong
but get_zeroed_page() still allowed allocating an extra 4th page by
overriding the memory segment following the heap area of stage2 (stage3
parameter area).
Try to avoid allocating a heap page and keeping it allocated over a long
period of time in the DASD dumpers. Free a heap page as soon as possible
if not required anymore.
And be extra careful with printf() because it always tries to allocate
a free heap page.
Fixes: 252be376 ("zipl/boot: fix potential heap overflow in stage2")
Signed-off-by: Alexander Egorenkov <egorenar@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Install libasan first, e.g. on Fedora 32:
dnf install -y libasan libasan-static.
To compile with address sanitizer, pass ASAN=1 to make.
AdressSanitizer helps to catch various memory bugs for which C/C++ is
infamous.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Egorenkov <egorenar@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Current heap size in stage2 is three pages long [0x6000-0x9000] but
get_zeroed_page() assumes it is one page more which might lead to
a heap overflow which will corrupt data located at 0x9000 (stage3
parameters). Calculate the heap size of a stage at run-time
by using the symbols provided by linker.
Furthermore, validate the given address in free_page() to stop illegal
memory accesses.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Egorenkov <egorenar@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Prevent access to freed memory still pointed to by entry.
entry still points into load_page that has been released with free_page.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Egorenkov <egorenar@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Commit 86856f98db ("zipl: Make use of __noreturn macro") moved the
'noreturn' attribute from declaration to definition. With this the
compiler can no longer optimize when the function is called in a
separate source file. Move the attribute back to the declaration
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Printing the number zero (e.g. printf("%u", 0)) currently only gives you
an empty string. This is because the while-do loop to map the number to a
string is only entered when the value is 'true', i.e. non-zero. Fix this
by using do-while instead.
Fixes: 6fe9e6c ("zipl/libc: Introduce vsnprintf")
Signed-off-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Reported-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Let's assume the original `command_line` is 'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa' and
`cextra` is ' =blub'. With the old code this would result in the
following new command line:
'blubaaaaaaaaaaaaa' instead of the expected result 'blub\0aaaaaaaaaaaa'
Let's fix this by setting the NULL-termination for the new command
line. While at it, use the `command_line` variable instead of casting
an address.
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
The inserted blank must also be taken into account for the calculation
of `cmdline_len`. In general it's only possible to insert a blank if
the command line length is not already the maximum.
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Steffen Eiden