s390-tools/zfcpdump/zfcpdump_part.c

/*
 * zfcpdump - Write /proc/vmcore to SCSI partition
 *
 * This tool should be used in an intitramfs together with a kernel with
 * enabled CONFIG_ZFCPDUMP kernel build option. The tool is able to write
 * standalone system dumps on SCSI disks.
 *
 * See Documentation/s390/zfcpdump.txt for more information!
 *
 * Copyright IBM Corp. 2003, 2017
 *
 * s390-tools is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the MIT license. See LICENSE for details.
 */

#include <asm/types.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <elf.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <linux/hdreg.h>
#include <linux/reboot.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <sys/reboot.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "lib/util_base.h"
#include "lib/zt_common.h"

#include "zfcpdump.h"

#define COPY_BUF_SIZE		0x10000UL
#define COPY_TABLE_ENTRY_COUNT	4

/*
 * Copy table entry
 */
struct copy_table_entry {
	unsigned long size;
	unsigned long off;
};

/*
 * Single volume SCSI dump superblock
 */
struct scsi_dump_sb {
	uint64_t	magic;
	uint64_t	version;
	uint64_t	part_start;
	uint64_t	part_size;
	uint64_t	dump_off;
	uint64_t	dump_size;
	uint64_t	csum_off;
	uint64_t	csum_size;
	uint64_t	csum;
} __attribute((packed));

/*
 * Layout of SCSI disk block pointer
 */
struct linear_blockptr {
	uint64_t	blockno;
	uint16_t	size;
	uint16_t	blockct;
	uint8_t		reserved[4];
} __attribute((packed));

/* From boot.h in zipl */
struct boot_info {
	char		magic[4];
	uint8_t		version;
	uint8_t		bp_type;
	uint8_t		dev_type;
	uint8_t		flags;
	uint64_t	sb_off;
} __attribute__ ((packed));

/* From install.c in zipl */
struct scsi_mbr {
	uint8_t			magic[4];
	uint32_t		version_id;
	uint8_t			reserved[8];
	struct linear_blockptr	lin;
	uint8_t			reserverd[0x50];
	struct boot_info	boot_info;
}  __attribute__ ((packed));

/* From boot.h in zipl */
#define BOOT_INFO_VERSION		1
#define BOOT_INFO_MAGIC			"zIPL"
#define BOOT_INFO_DEV_TYPE_SCSI		0x02
#define BOOT_INFO_BP_TYPE_DUMP		0x01

/*
 * Globals
 */
static struct scsi_dump_sb dump_sb;
static struct scsi_mbr mbr;

/*
 * Read file at given offset
 */
static int pread_file(const char *path, char *buf, int size, uint64_t off)
{
	int fd;

	PRINT_TRACE("Read: %s:\n", path);
	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
	if (fd == -1) {
		PRINT_PERR("open %s failed\n", path);
		return -1;
	}
	if (lseek(fd, off, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
		PRINT_PERR("seek %s offset %llu failed\n", path,
			   (unsigned long long) off);
		return -1;
	}
	if (read(fd, buf, size) < 0) {
		PRINT_PERR("read %s failed\n", path);
		close(fd);
		return -1;
	}
	close(fd);
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Create checksum for buffer
 */
static inline uint32_t csum_partial(const void *buf, int len, uint32_t sum)
{
	register unsigned long reg2 asm("2") = (unsigned long) buf;
	register unsigned long reg3 asm("3") = (unsigned long) len;

	asm volatile(
		"0: cksm %0,%1\n" /* do checksum on longs */
			" jo 0b\n"
		: "+d" (sum), "+d" (reg2), "+d" (reg3) : : "cc",
		  "memory");
	return sum;
}

/*
 * Create checksum on SCSI device
 */
static int csum_get(uint64_t off, uint64_t len, uint64_t *result)
{
	char buf[len];

	if (pread_file(DEV_SCSI, (char *)&buf, sizeof(buf), off) < 0) {
		PRINT_ERR("Error reading checksum from disk\n");
		return -1;
	}
	*result = (uint64_t)csum_partial(&buf, len, 0x12345678);
	PRINT_TRACE("Got crc %llx\n", (unsigned long long) *result);
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Update superblock checksum on SCSI disk
 */
static int csum_update(int fd)
{
	/* Write crc into zfcpdump header */
	if (csum_get(dump_sb.part_start + dump_sb.csum_off,
		     dump_sb.csum_size, &dump_sb.csum)) {
		PRINT_ERR("Get check sum failed\n");
		return -1;
	}
	if (lseek(fd, mbr.boot_info.sb_off, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
		PRINT_PERR("Seek failed\n");
		return -1;
	}
	if (write(fd, &dump_sb, sizeof(dump_sb)) < 0) {
		PRINT_PERR("Write failed\n");
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Initialize copy table to copy HSA first
 */
static int copy_table_init(int fd, struct copy_table_entry *table)
{
	Elf64_Ehdr ehdr;
	Elf64_Phdr phdr;
	int i;

	g.vmcore_size = lseek(fd, (off_t) 0, SEEK_END);
	lseek(fd, 0L, SEEK_SET);
	if (g.vmcore_size < sizeof(ehdr))
		return -1;
	if (read(fd, &ehdr, sizeof(ehdr)) < 0)
		return -1;
	if (memcmp(ehdr.e_ident, ELFMAG, SELFMAG) != 0)
		return -1;
	if (ehdr.e_type != ET_CORE)
		return -1;
	if (ehdr.e_machine != EM_S390 || ehdr.e_ident[EI_CLASS] != ELFCLASS64) {
		PRINT_ERR("Only 64 bit core dump files are supported\n");
		return -1;
	}
	/* Find first memory chunk to determine HSA size */
	for (i = 0; i < ehdr.e_phnum; i++) {
		if (read(fd, &phdr, sizeof(phdr)) < 0)
			return -1;
		if (phdr.p_type != PT_LOAD)
			continue;
		if (phdr.p_vaddr != 0)
			continue;
		/* 1st entry is the HSA (vaddr = 0) */
		table[0].off  = phdr.p_offset;
		table[0].size = get_hsa_size();
		/* 2nd entry defines area from 2nd page to HSA start */
		table[1].off  = PAGE_SIZE;
		table[1].size = table[0].off - PAGE_SIZE;
		/*
		 * 3rd entry defines area from HSA end to end of file.
		 */
		table[2].off  = table[0].off + table[0].size;
		table[2].size = g.vmcore_size - table[2].off;
		/*
		 * We write the last page at the end of the dump processing.
		 * This ensures that the dump stays invalid until all data
		 * is written. We can use one page because it is ensured that
		 * the HSA starts page aligned.
		 */
		table[3].off  = 0;
		table[3].size = PAGE_SIZE;
		return 0;
	}
	PRINT_ERR("Could not find HSA ELF load section\n");
	return -1;
}

/*
 * Copy one copy table entry form /proc/vmcore to dump partition
 */
static int copy_table_entry_write(int fdin, int fdout,
				  struct copy_table_entry *entry,
				  unsigned long offset)
{
	unsigned long buf_size, bytes_left, off;
	void *map;

	if (entry->size == 0)
		return 0;
	off = entry->off;
	bytes_left = entry->size;
	if (lseek(fdout, entry->off + offset, SEEK_SET) < 0)
		return -1;
	while (bytes_left > 0) {
		buf_size = MIN(COPY_BUF_SIZE, bytes_left);
		map = mmap(0, buf_size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, fdin, off);
		if (map == (void *)-1) {
			PRINT_PERR("Mapping failed\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (write(fdout, map, buf_size) < 0) {
			PRINT_PERR("Write to partition failed\n");
			return -1;
		}
		munmap(map, buf_size);
		bytes_left -= buf_size;
		off += buf_size;
		show_progress(buf_size);
	}
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Copy dump using mmap (copy HSA first)
 */
static int copy_dump(const char *in, const char *out, unsigned long offset)
{
	struct copy_table_entry table[COPY_TABLE_ENTRY_COUNT];
	char busy_str[] = "zfcpdump busy";
	int fdout, fdin, i, rc = -1;

	fdin = open(in, O_RDONLY);
	if (fdin < 0) {
		PRINT_ERR("Open %s failed\n", in);
		return -1;
	}
	g.vmcore_size = lseek(fdin, (off_t) 0, SEEK_END);
	lseek(fdin, 0L, SEEK_SET);
	if (g.vmcore_size > dump_sb.dump_size) {
		PRINT_ERR("Disk too small: dump=%lldMB (diskspace=%lldMB)\n",
			  TO_MIB(g.vmcore_size), TO_MIB(dump_sb.dump_size));
		goto out_close_fdin;
	}
	fdout = open(out, O_WRONLY);
	if (fdout < 0) {
		PRINT_ERR("Open %s failed\n", out);
		goto out_close_fdin;
	}
	/* Overwrite old header */
	if (lseek(fdout, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0)
		goto out_close_fdin;
	if (write(fdout, busy_str, sizeof(busy_str)) == -1)
		goto out_close_fdin;
	if (csum_update(fdout))
		goto out_close_fdin;
	if (copy_table_init(fdin, table))
		goto out_close_fdin;
	show_progress(0);
	for (i = 0; i < COPY_TABLE_ENTRY_COUNT; i++) {
		if (copy_table_entry_write(fdin, fdout, &table[i], offset))
			goto out_close_fdout;
		if (i == 0) /* 0 is the HSA */
			release_hsa();
	}
	rc = 0;
out_close_fdout:
	if (csum_update(fdout))
		rc = -1;
	fsync(fdout);
	close(fdout);
out_close_fdin:
	close(fdin);
	return rc;
}

/*
 * Finds the matching partition to a given start and end. If a matching
 * partition is found, the partition number is returned.
 */
int find_part_num(uint64_t start, uint64_t size)
{
	struct hd_geometry geo;
	uint32_t block_size;
	uint64_t part_size;
	char path[11];
	int fd, i;

	PRINT_TRACE("Partiton to dump start: 0x%llx end: 0x%llx\n",
		    (unsigned long long) start, (unsigned long long) size);
	for (i = 1; i < 16; i++) {
		snprintf(path, sizeof(path), DEV_SCSI "%d", i);
		fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
		if (fd == -1)
			continue;
		if (ioctl(fd, HDIO_GETGEO, &geo) != 0) {
			PRINT_PERR("Could not retrieve partition"
				   " geometry information\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE64, &part_size)) {
			PRINT_PERR("Could not retrieve partition"
				   " size information\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (ioctl(fd, BLKSSZGET, &block_size)) {
			PRINT_PERR("Could not get blocksize");
			return -1;
		}
		PRINT_TRACE("Partiton %s start: 0x%llx end: 0x%llx\n", path,
			    (unsigned long long) geo.start * block_size,
			    (unsigned long long) part_size);
		if ((start == geo.start * block_size) && (size == part_size))
			return i;
	}
	return -1;
}

/*
 * Read the on-disk zfcpdump boot info and superblock into global variables
 */
static int get_scsi_dump_params(void)
{
	uint64_t csum;
	int part_num;

	if (pread_file(DEV_SCSI, (char *)&mbr, sizeof(mbr), 0) < 0) {
		PRINT_ERR("Cannot read MBR\n");
		return -1;
	}
	if (memcmp(&mbr.boot_info.magic, BOOT_INFO_MAGIC,
		   sizeof(mbr.boot_info.magic))) {
		PRINT_ERR("Boot_Info wrong magic\n");
		return -1;
	}
	if (mbr.boot_info.dev_type != BOOT_INFO_DEV_TYPE_SCSI) {
		PRINT_ERR("Boot_Info wrong dev type: %d\n",
			   mbr.boot_info.dev_type);
		return -1;
	}
	if (mbr.boot_info.bp_type != BOOT_INFO_BP_TYPE_DUMP) {
		PRINT_ERR("Boot_Info wrong bp type: %d\n",
			   mbr.boot_info.bp_type);
		return -1;
	}
	if (mbr.boot_info.version != BOOT_INFO_VERSION) {
		PRINT_ERR("Boot_Info wrong version: %d\n",
			   mbr.boot_info.version);
		return -1;
	}
	if (pread_file(DEV_SCSI, (char *)&dump_sb, sizeof(dump_sb),
		       mbr.boot_info.sb_off) < 0) {
		PRINT_ERR("Cannot read superblock\n");
		return -1;
	}
	if (dump_sb.magic != 0x5a46435044554d50ULL) { /* ZFCPDUMP */
		PRINT_ERR("Dump data block wrong magic\n");
		return -1;
	}
	part_num = find_part_num(dump_sb.part_start, dump_sb.part_size);
	if (part_num < 0) {
		PRINT_ERR("Specified dump partition not found\n");
		return -1;
	}
	if (csum_get(dump_sb.part_start + dump_sb.csum_off,
		     dump_sb.csum_size, &csum)) {
		PRINT_ERR("Getting Checksum failed\n");
		return -1;
	}
	if (csum != dump_sb.csum) {
		PRINT_ERR("Checksum wrong, filesystem changed\n");
		return -1;
	}
	PRINT(" partition: " DEV_SCSI "%d\n", part_num);
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Main routine of the zfcpdump tool
 */
int main(int UNUSED(argc), char *UNUSED(argv[]))
{
	int rc;

	if (zfcpdump_init())
		return terminate(1);
	PRINT("Dump parameters:\n");
	PRINT(" devno....: %s\n", g.dump_devno);
	PRINT(" wwpn.....: %s\n", g.dump_wwpn);
	PRINT(" lun......: %s\n", g.dump_lun);
	PRINT(" conf.....: %s\n", g.dump_bootprog);
	if (get_scsi_dump_params())
		return terminate(1);
	print_newline();
	PRINT("Writing dump:\n");
	rc = copy_dump("/proc/vmcore", DEV_SCSI,
		       dump_sb.part_start + dump_sb.dump_off);
	return terminate(rc);
}