
This is similar to 5e1c6cd0d4
, except that here generics are involved:
because client-go Create under the hood mutates its input value temporarily,
callers must make a copy if the object is read from some other goroutine.
The race as reported by "go test -race" for
test/integration/examples.TestAggregatedAPIServerRejectRedirectResponse is:
WARNING: DATA RACE
Read at 0x00c000556010 by goroutine 16128:
reflect.Value.String()
/usr/local/go/src/reflect/value.go:2565 +0x216
encoding/json.stringEncoder()
/usr/local/go/src/encoding/json/encode.go:645 +0x223
encoding/json.structEncoder.encode()
/usr/local/go/src/encoding/json/encode.go:759 +0x2ba
encoding/json.structEncoder.encode-fm()
<autogenerated>:1 +0xdb
encoding/json.ptrEncoder.encode()
/usr/local/go/src/encoding/json/encode.go:943 +0x382
encoding/json.ptrEncoder.encode-fm()
<autogenerated>:1 +0x90
encoding/json.(*encodeState).reflectValue()
/usr/local/go/src/encoding/json/encode.go:358 +0x88
encoding/json.(*encodeState).marshal()
/usr/local/go/src/encoding/json/encode.go:330 +0x224
encoding/json.Marshal()
/usr/local/go/src/encoding/json/encode.go:161 +0xf9
k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/flowcontrol/format.ToJSON()
/home/prow/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/_output/local/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/flowcontrol/format/formatting.go:81 +0x44
k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/flowcontrol/format.Stringer.String()
/home/prow/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/_output/local/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/flowcontrol/format/formatting.go:68 +0x5a4
k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/flowcontrol/format.(*Stringer).String()
<autogenerated>:1 +0x4b
fmt.(*pp).handleMethods()
/usr/local/go/src/fmt/print.go:673 +0x4db
fmt.(*pp).printArg()
/usr/local/go/src/fmt/print.go:756 +0xce4
fmt.(*pp).doPrintf()
/usr/local/go/src/fmt/print.go:1077 +0x599
fmt.Fprintf()
/usr/local/go/src/fmt/print.go:224 +0x7e
k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/klog/v2.(*loggingT).printfDepth()
/home/prow/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/_output/local/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/klog/v2/klog.go:733 +0x216
k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/klog/v2.(*loggingT).printf()
/home/prow/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/_output/local/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/klog/v2/klog.go:718 +0xcc
k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/klog/v2.Verbose.Infof()
/home/prow/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/_output/local/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/klog/v2/klog.go:1418 +0x64
k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/flowcontrol.(*cfgMeal).digestFlowSchemasLocked()
...
Previous write at 0x00c000556010 by goroutine 15271:
k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1.(*TypeMeta).SetGroupVersionKind()
/home/prow/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/_output/local/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1/meta.go:121 +0x193
k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime.WithVersionEncoder.Encode()
/home/prow/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/_output/local/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/helper.go:239 +0x325
k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime.(*WithVersionEncoder).Encode()
<autogenerated>:1 +0xfb
k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime.Encode()
/home/prow/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/_output/local/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/codec.go:49 +0xb3
k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/client-go/rest.(*Request).Body()
/home/prow/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/_output/local/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/client-go/rest/request.go:470 +0x884
k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes/typed/flowcontrol/v1beta3.(*flowSchemas).Create()
/home/prow/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/_output/local/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes/typed/flowcontrol/v1beta3/flowschema.go:118 +0x23c
k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/registry/flowcontrol/ensurer.(*objectOps[...]).Create()
<autogenerated>:1 +0x10f
k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/registry/flowcontrol/ensurer.EnsureConfiguration[...]()
/home/prow/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/_output/local/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/registry/flowcontrol/ensurer/strategy.go:272 +0x1b5
k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/registry/flowcontrol/ensurer.EnsureConfigurations[...]()
/home/prow/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/_output/local/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/registry/flowcontrol/ensurer/strategy.go:247 +0xf3
k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/registry/flowcontrol/rest.ensureMandatoryConfiguration()
/home/prow/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/_output/local/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/registry/flowcontrol/rest/storage_flowcontrol.go:230 +0x59e
k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/registry/flowcontrol/rest.ensure()
/home/prow/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/_output/local/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/registry/flowcontrol/rest/storage_flowcontrol.go:202 +0x1b2
k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/registry/flowcontrol/rest.(*bootstrapConfigurationEnsurer).ensureAPFBootstrapConfiguration.func1.1()
/home/prow/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/_output/local/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/registry/flowcontrol/rest/storage_flowcontrol.go:159 +0xe4
k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/wait.runConditionWithCrashProtectionWithContext()
/home/prow/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/_output/local/go/src/k8s.io/kubernetes/vendor/k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/wait/wait.go:154 +0x7b
Kubernetes (K8s)

Kubernetes, also known as K8s, is an open source system for managing containerized applications across multiple hosts. It provides basic mechanisms for the deployment, maintenance, and scaling of applications.
Kubernetes builds upon a decade and a half of experience at Google running production workloads at scale using a system called Borg, combined with best-of-breed ideas and practices from the community.
Kubernetes is hosted by the Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF). If your company wants to help shape the evolution of technologies that are container-packaged, dynamically scheduled, and microservices-oriented, consider joining the CNCF. For details about who's involved and how Kubernetes plays a role, read the CNCF announcement.
To start using K8s
See our documentation on kubernetes.io.
Take a free course on Scalable Microservices with Kubernetes.
To use Kubernetes code as a library in other applications, see the list of published components.
Use of the k8s.io/kubernetes
module or k8s.io/kubernetes/...
packages as libraries is not supported.
To start developing K8s
The community repository hosts all information about building Kubernetes from source, how to contribute code and documentation, who to contact about what, etc.
If you want to build Kubernetes right away there are two options:
You have a working Go environment.
mkdir -p $GOPATH/src/k8s.io
cd $GOPATH/src/k8s.io
git clone https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
cd kubernetes
make
You have a working Docker environment.
git clone https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
cd kubernetes
make quick-release
For the full story, head over to the developer's documentation.
Support
If you need support, start with the troubleshooting guide, and work your way through the process that we've outlined.
That said, if you have questions, reach out to us one way or another.
Community Meetings
The Calendar has the list of all the meetings in the Kubernetes community in a single location.
Adopters
The User Case Studies website has real-world use cases of organizations across industries that are deploying/migrating to Kubernetes.
Governance
Kubernetes project is governed by a framework of principles, values, policies and processes to help our community and constituents towards our shared goals.
The Kubernetes Community is the launching point for learning about how we organize ourselves.
The Kubernetes Steering community repo is used by the Kubernetes Steering Committee, which oversees governance of the Kubernetes project.
Roadmap
The Kubernetes Enhancements repo provides information about Kubernetes releases, as well as feature tracking and backlogs.