Merge pull request #89 from Tim-Zhang/release-0.2.11

release: v0.2.11

.clippy.toml

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+upper-case-acronyms-aggressive = true

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+---
+name: Bug report
+about: Create a report to help us improve
+title: ''
+labels: 'bug, needs-review'
+assignees: ''
+
+---
+
+**Describe the bug**
+A clear and concise description of what the bug is.
+
+**Expected behavior**
+A clear and concise description of what you expected to happen.
+
+**Additional context**
+Add any other context about the problem here.

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/enhancement-request.md

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+---
+name: Enhancement request
+about: Suggest an improvement to an existing feature
+title: ''
+labels: enhancement, needs-review
+assignees: ''
+
+---
+
+**Which feature do you think can be improved?**
+
+Specify the feature you think could be made better.
+
+**How can it be improved?**
+
+Describe how specifically you think it could be improved.
+
+**Additional Information**
+
+Anything else to add?

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+---
+name: Feature request
+about: Suggest an idea for this project
+title: ''
+labels: 'feature, needs-review'
+assignees: ''
+
+---
+
+**Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.**
+A clear and concise description of what the problem is. Ex. I'm always frustrated when [...]
+
+**Describe the solution you'd like**
+A clear and concise description of what you want to happen.
+
+**Describe alternatives you've considered**
+A clear and concise description of any alternative solutions or features you've considered.
+
+**Additional context**
+Add any other context or screenshots about the feature request here.

.github/workflows/PR-wip-checks.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+name: Pull request WIP checks
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    types:
+      - opened
+      - synchronize
+      - reopened
+      - edited
+      - labeled
+      - unlabeled
+
+jobs:
+  pr_wip_check:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    name: WIP Check
+    steps:
+    - name: WIP Check
+      uses: tim-actions/wip-check@1c2a1ca6c110026b3e2297bb2ef39e1747b5a755
+      with:
+        labels: '["do-not-merge", "wip", "rfc"]'
+        keywords: '["WIP", "wip", "RFC", "rfc", "dnm", "DNM", "do-not-merge"]'

.github/workflows/bvt.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+name: BVT
+on: [pull_request]
+env:
+  RUST_VERSION: 1.52
+jobs:
+  build:
+    name: Build
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - run: rustup install ${{ env.RUST_VERSION }} && rustup default ${{ env.RUST_VERSION }}
+      - run: make debug
+
+  fmt:
+    name: Format Check
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - run: rustup install ${{ env.RUST_VERSION }} && rustup default ${{ env.RUST_VERSION }}
+      - run: rustup component add rustfmt
+      - run: make fmt
+  clippy:
+    name: Clippy Check
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - run: rustup install ${{ env.RUST_VERSION }} && rustup default ${{ env.RUST_VERSION }}
+      - run: rustup component add clippy
+      - run: make clippy
+  test:
+    name: Run Unit Test
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - run: rustup install ${{ env.RUST_VERSION }} && rustup default ${{ env.RUST_VERSION }}
+      - run: make test
+
+

.github/workflows/commit-message-check.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+name: Commit Message Check
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    types:
+      - opened
+      - reopened
+      - synchronize
+
+env:
+  error_msg: |+
+    See the document below for help on formatting commits for the project.
+
+    https://github.com/kata-containers/community/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#patch-forma
+
+jobs:
+  commit-message-check:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    name: Commit Message Check
+    steps:
+    - name: Get PR Commits
+      id: 'get-pr-commits'
+      uses: tim-actions/get-pr-commits@v1.0.0
+      with:
+        token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+    - name: DCO Check
+      uses: tim-actions/dco@2fd0504dc0d27b33f542867c300c60840c6dcb20
+      with:
+        commits: ${{ steps.get-pr-commits.outputs.commits }}
+
+    - name: Commit Body Missing Check
+      if: ${{ success() || failure() }}
+      uses: tim-actions/commit-body-check@v1.0.2
+      with:
+        commits: ${{ steps.get-pr-commits.outputs.commits }}
+
+    - name: Check Subject Line Length
+      if: ${{ success() || failure() }}
+      uses: tim-actions/commit-message-checker-with-regex@v0.3.1
+      with:
+        commits: ${{ steps.get-pr-commits.outputs.commits }}
+        pattern: '^.{0,75}(\n.*)*$'
+        error: 'Subject too long (max 75)'
+        post_error: ${{ env.error_msg }}
+
+    - name: Check Body Line Length
+      if: ${{ success() || failure() }}
+      uses: tim-actions/commit-message-checker-with-regex@v0.3.1
+      with:
+        commits: ${{ steps.get-pr-commits.outputs.commits }}
+        pattern: '^.+(\n([a-zA-Z].{0,149}|[^a-zA-Z\n].*|Signed-off-by:.*|))+$'
+        error: 'Body line too long (max 72)'
+        post_error: ${{ env.error_msg }}

.travis.yml

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-language: rust
-rust:
-  - stable
-  - beta
-  - nightly
-matrix:
-  allow_failures:
-    - rust: nightly
-  fast_finish: true
-script:
-  - cargo build --verbose --all

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,16 +1,25 @@
 [package]
-name = "cgroups"
+name = "cgroups-rs"
 description = "Native Rust crate for managing control groups on Linux"
-repository = "https://github.com/levex/cgroups-rs"
+repository = "https://github.com/kata-containers/cgroups-rs"
 keywords = ["linux", "cgroup", "containers", "isolation"]
 categories = ["os", "api-bindings", "os::unix-apis"]
 license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
-version = "0.1.1-alpha.0"
-authors = ["Levente Kurusa <lkurusa@acm.org>", "Sam Wilson <tecywiz121@hotmail.com>"]
+version = "0.2.11"
+authors = ["The Kata Containers community <kata-dev@lists.katacontainers.io>", "Levente Kurusa <lkurusa@acm.org>", "Sam Wilson <tecywiz121@hotmail.com>"]
+edition = "2018"
+homepage = "https://github.com/kata-containers/cgroups-rs"
+readme = "README.md"
 
 [dependencies]
 log = "0.4"
+regex = "1.1"
+nix = { version = "0.24", default-features = false, features = ["event", "fs", "process"] }
+libc = "0.2"
+serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"], optional = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
-nix = "0.11.0"
-libc = "0.2.43"
+libc = "0.2.76"
+
+[features]
+default = []

Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+all: debug fmt test
+
+#
+# Build
+#
+
+.PHONY: debug
+debug:
+	RUSTFLAGS="--deny warnings" cargo build
+
+.PHONY: release
+release:
+	cargo build --release
+
+.PHONY: build
+build: debug
+
+#
+# Tests and linters
+#
+
+.PHONY: test
+test:
+	cargo test -- --color always --nocapture
+
+.PHONY: check
+check: fmt clippy
+
+
+.PHONY: fmt
+fmt:
+	cargo fmt --all -- --check
+
+.PHONY: clippy
+clippy:
+	cargo clippy --all-targets --all-features -- -D warnings
+

README.md

@@ -1,32 +1,36 @@
-# cgroups-rs ![Build](https://travis-ci.org/levex/cgroups-rs.svg?branch=master)
+# cgroups-rs ![Build](https://travis-ci.org/kata-containers/cgroups-rs.svg?branch=master)
 Native Rust library for managing control groups under Linux
 
-Right now the crate only support the original, V1 hierarchy, however support
-is planned for the Unified hierarchy.
+Both v1 and v2 of cgroups are supported.
 
 # Examples
 
 ## Create a control group using the builder pattern
 
 ``` rust
-// Acquire a handle for the V1 cgroup hierarchy.
-let hier = ::hierarchies::V1::new();
+
+
+use cgroups_rs::*;
+use cgroups_rs::cgroup_builder::*;
+
+// Acquire a handle for the cgroup hierarchy.
+let hier = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
 
 // Use the builder pattern (see the documentation to create the control group)
 //
 // This creates a control group named "example" in the V1 hierarchy.
-let cg: Cgroup = CgroupBuilder::new("example", &v1)
-	.cpu()
-		.shares(85)
-		.done()
-	.build();
+    let cg: Cgroup = CgroupBuilder::new("example")
+        .cpu()
+        .shares(85)
+        .done()
+        .build(hier);
 
 // Now `cg` is a control group that gets 85% of the CPU time in relative to
 // other control groups.
 
 // Get a handle to the CPU controller.
-let cpus: &CpuController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
-cpus.add_task(1234u64);
+let cpus: &cgroups_rs::cpu::CpuController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
+cpus.add_task(&CgroupPid::from(1234u64));
 
 // [...]
 

src/blkio.rs

@@ -1,16 +1,23 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+// Copyright (c) 2020 And Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 //! This module contains the implementation of the `blkio` cgroup subsystem.
 //!
 //! See the Kernel's documentation for more information about this subsystem, found at:
 //!  [Documentation/cgroup-v1/blkio-controller.txt](https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/blkio-controller.txt)
-use std::fs::File;
-use std::io::{Read, Write};
+use std::io::Write;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 
-use error::*;
-use error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::*;
 
-use {
-    BlkIoResources, ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, Resources, Subsystem,
+use crate::{read_string_from, read_u64_from};
+use crate::{
+    BlkIoResources, ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, CustomizedAttribute,
+    Resources, Subsystem,
 };
 
 /// A controller that allows controlling the `blkio` subsystem of a Cgroup.
@@ -21,9 +28,11 @@ use {
 pub struct BlkIoController {
     base: PathBuf,
     path: PathBuf,
+    v2: bool,
 }
 
 #[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Debug)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 /// Per-device information
 pub struct BlkIoData {
     /// The major number of the device.
@@ -35,6 +44,7 @@ pub struct BlkIoData {
 }
 
 #[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Debug)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 /// Per-device activity from the control group.
 pub struct IoService {
     /// The major number of the device.
@@ -48,21 +58,44 @@ pub struct IoService {
     /// How many items were synchronously transferred.
     pub sync: u64,
     /// How many items were asynchronously transferred.
-    pub async: u64,
+    pub r#async: u64,
     /// Total number of items transferred.
     pub total: u64,
 }
 
+#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Debug)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
+/// Per-device activity from the control group.
+/// Only for cgroup v2
+pub struct IoStat {
+    /// The major number of the device.
+    pub major: i16,
+    /// The minor number of the device.
+    pub minor: i16,
+    /// How many bytes were read from the device.
+    pub rbytes: u64,
+    /// How many bytes were written to the device.
+    pub wbytes: u64,
+    /// How many iops were read from the device.
+    pub rios: u64,
+    /// How many iops were written to the device.
+    pub wios: u64,
+    /// How many discard bytes were read from the device.
+    pub dbytes: u64,
+    /// How many discard iops were written to the device.
+    pub dios: u64,
+}
+
 fn parse_io_service(s: String) -> Result<Vec<IoService>> {
     s.lines()
-        .filter(|x| x.split_whitespace().collect::<Vec<_>>().len() == 3)
+        .filter(|x| x.split_whitespace().count() == 3)
         .map(|x| {
             let mut spl = x.split_whitespace();
-            (spl.nth(0).unwrap(), spl.nth(0).unwrap(), spl.nth(0).unwrap())
+            (spl.next().unwrap(), spl.next().unwrap(), spl.next().unwrap())
         })
         .map(|(a, b, c)| {
-            let mut spl = a.split(":");
-            (spl.nth(0).unwrap(), spl.nth(0).unwrap(), b, c)
+            let mut spl = a.split(':');
+            (spl.next().unwrap(), spl.next().unwrap(), b, c)
         })
         .collect::<Vec<_>>()
         .chunks(5)
@@ -77,7 +110,7 @@ fn parse_io_service(s: String) -> Result<Vec<IoService>> {
                         read: read_val.parse::<u64>().unwrap(),
                         write: write_val.parse::<u64>().unwrap(),
                         sync: sync_val.parse::<u64>().unwrap(),
-                        async: async_val.parse::<u64>().unwrap(),
+                        r#async: async_val.parse::<u64>().unwrap(),
                         total: total_val.parse::<u64>().unwrap(),
                     }),
                _ => None,
@@ -94,9 +127,41 @@ fn parse_io_service(s: String) -> Result<Vec<IoService>> {
         })
 }
 
+fn get_value(s: &str) -> String {
+    let arr = s.split(':').collect::<Vec<&str>>();
+    if arr.len() != 2 {
+        return "0".to_string();
+    }
+    arr[1].to_string()
+}
+
+fn parse_io_stat(s: String) -> Vec<IoStat> {
+    // line:
+    // 8:0 rbytes=180224 wbytes=0 rios=3 wios=0 dbytes=0 dios=0
+    s.lines()
+        .filter(|x| x.split_whitespace().count() == 7)
+        .map(|x| {
+            let arr = x.split_whitespace().collect::<Vec<&str>>();
+            let device = arr[0].split(':').collect::<Vec<&str>>();
+            let (major, minor) = (device[0], device[1]);
+
+            IoStat {
+                major: major.parse::<i16>().unwrap(),
+                minor: minor.parse::<i16>().unwrap(),
+                rbytes: get_value(arr[1]).parse::<u64>().unwrap(),
+                wbytes: get_value(arr[2]).parse::<u64>().unwrap(),
+                rios: get_value(arr[3]).parse::<u64>().unwrap(),
+                wios: get_value(arr[4]).parse::<u64>().unwrap(),
+                dbytes: get_value(arr[5]).parse::<u64>().unwrap(),
+                dios: get_value(arr[6]).parse::<u64>().unwrap(),
+            }
+        })
+        .collect::<Vec<IoStat>>()
+}
+
 fn parse_io_service_total(s: String) -> Result<u64> {
     s.lines()
-        .filter(|x| x.split_whitespace().collect::<Vec<_>>().len() == 2)
+        .filter(|x| x.split_whitespace().count() == 2)
         .fold(Err(Error::new(ParseError)), |_, x| {
             match x.split_whitespace().collect::<Vec<_>>().as_slice() {
                 ["Total", val] => val.parse::<u64>().map_err(|_| Error::new(ParseError)),
@@ -133,15 +198,16 @@ fn parse_blkio_data(s: String) -> Result<Vec<BlkIoData>> {
     });
 
     if err.is_err() {
-        return Err(Error::new(ParseError));
+        Err(Error::new(ParseError))
     } else {
-        return Ok(res);
+        Ok(res)
     }
 }
 
 /// Current state and statistics about how throttled are the block devices when accessed from the
 /// controller's control group.
-#[derive(Debug)]
+#[derive(Default, Debug)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct BlkIoThrottle {
     /// Statistics about the bytes transferred between the block devices by the tasks in this
     /// control group.
@@ -176,7 +242,8 @@ pub struct BlkIoThrottle {
 }
 
 /// Statistics and state of the block devices.
-#[derive(Debug)]
+#[derive(Default, Debug)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct BlkIo {
     /// The number of BIOS requests merged into I/O requests by the control group's tasks.
     pub io_merged: Vec<IoService>,
@@ -253,6 +320,9 @@ pub struct BlkIo {
     pub weight: u64,
     /// Same as `weight`, but per-block-device.
     pub weight_device: Vec<BlkIoData>,
+
+    /// IoStat for cgroup v2
+    pub io_stat: Vec<IoStat>,
 }
 
 impl ControllerInternal for BlkIoController {
@@ -269,36 +339,50 @@ impl ControllerInternal for BlkIoController {
         &self.base
     }
 
+    fn is_v2(&self) -> bool {
+        self.v2
+    }
+
     fn apply(&self, res: &Resources) -> Result<()> {
         // get the resources that apply to this controller
         let res: &BlkIoResources = &res.blkio;
 
-        if res.update_values {
-            let _ = self.set_weight(res.weight as u64);
-            let _ = self.set_leaf_weight(res.leaf_weight as u64);
+        if let Some(weight) = res.weight {
+            let _ = self.set_weight(weight as u64);
+        }
+        if let Some(leaf_weight) = res.leaf_weight {
+            let _ = self.set_leaf_weight(leaf_weight as u64);
+        }
 
-            for dev in &res.weight_device {
-                let _ = self.set_weight_for_device(dev.major, dev.minor, dev.weight as u64);
-                let _ = self.set_leaf_weight_for_device(dev.major, dev.minor, dev.leaf_weight as u64);
+        for dev in &res.weight_device {
+            if let Some(weight) = dev.weight {
+                let _ = self.set_weight_for_device(dev.major, dev.minor, weight as u64);
             }
-
-            for dev in &res.throttle_read_bps_device {
-                let _ = self.throttle_read_bps_for_device(dev.major, dev.minor, dev.rate);
-            }
-
-            for dev in &res.throttle_write_bps_device {
-                let _ = self.throttle_write_bps_for_device(dev.major, dev.minor, dev.rate);
-            }
-
-            for dev in &res.throttle_read_iops_device {
-                let _ = self.throttle_read_iops_for_device(dev.major, dev.minor, dev.rate);
-            }
-
-            for dev in &res.throttle_write_iops_device {
-                let _ = self.throttle_write_iops_for_device(dev.major, dev.minor, dev.rate);
+            if let Some(leaf_weight) = dev.leaf_weight {
+                let _ = self.set_leaf_weight_for_device(dev.major, dev.minor, leaf_weight as u64);
             }
         }
 
+        for dev in &res.throttle_read_bps_device {
+            let _ = self.throttle_read_bps_for_device(dev.major, dev.minor, dev.rate);
+        }
+
+        for dev in &res.throttle_write_bps_device {
+            let _ = self.throttle_write_bps_for_device(dev.major, dev.minor, dev.rate);
+        }
+
+        for dev in &res.throttle_read_iops_device {
+            let _ = self.throttle_read_iops_for_device(dev.major, dev.minor, dev.rate);
+        }
+
+        for dev in &res.throttle_write_iops_device {
+            let _ = self.throttle_write_iops_for_device(dev.major, dev.minor, dev.rate);
+        }
+
+        res.attrs.iter().for_each(|(k, v)| {
+            let _ = self.set(k, v);
+        });
+
         Ok(())
     }
 }
@@ -316,264 +400,263 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a Subsystem> for &'a BlkIoController {
                 Subsystem::BlkIo(c) => c,
                 _ => {
                     assert_eq!(1, 0);
-                    ::std::mem::uninitialized()
+                    let v = std::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit();
+                    v.assume_init()
                 }
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
-fn read_string_from(mut file: File) -> Result<String> {
-    let mut string = String::new();
-    match file.read_to_string(&mut string) {
-        Ok(_) => Ok(string.trim().to_string()),
-        Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
-    }
-}
-
-fn read_u64_from(mut file: File) -> Result<u64> {
-    let mut string = String::new();
-    match file.read_to_string(&mut string) {
-        Ok(_) => string.trim().parse().map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ParseError, e)),
-        Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
-    }
-}
-
 impl BlkIoController {
-    /// Constructs a new `BlkIoController` with `oroot` serving as the root of the control group.
-    pub fn new(oroot: PathBuf) -> Self {
-        let mut root = oroot;
-        root.push(Self::controller_type().to_string());
+    /// Constructs a new `BlkIoController` with `root` serving as the root of the control group.
+    pub fn new(root: PathBuf, v2: bool) -> Self {
         Self {
             base: root.clone(),
             path: root,
+            v2,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn blkio_v2(&self) -> BlkIo {
+        BlkIo {
+            io_stat: self
+                .open_path("io.stat", false)
+                .and_then(read_string_from)
+                .map(parse_io_stat)
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
+            ..Default::default()
         }
     }
 
     /// Gathers statistics about and reports the state of the block devices used by the control
     /// group's tasks.
     pub fn blkio(&self) -> BlkIo {
+        if self.v2 {
+            return self.blkio_v2();
+        }
         BlkIo {
             io_merged: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_merged", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service)
-                .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_merged_total: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_merged", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service_total)
-                .unwrap_or(0),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_merged_recursive: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_merged_recursive", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service)
-                .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_merged_recursive_total: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_merged_recursive", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service_total)
-                .unwrap_or(0),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_queued: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_queued", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service)
-                .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_queued_total: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_queued", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service_total)
-                .unwrap_or(0),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_queued_recursive: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_queued_recursive", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service)
-                .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_queued_recursive_total: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_queued_recursive", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service_total)
-                .unwrap_or(0),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_service_bytes: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_service_bytes", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service)
-                .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_service_bytes_total: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_service_bytes", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service_total)
-                .unwrap_or(0),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_service_bytes_recursive: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_service_bytes_recursive", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service)
-                .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_service_bytes_recursive_total: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_service_bytes_recursive", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service_total)
-                .unwrap_or(0),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_serviced: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_serviced", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service)
-                .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_serviced_total: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_serviced", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service_total)
-                .unwrap_or(0),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_serviced_recursive: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_serviced_recursive", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service)
-                .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_serviced_recursive_total: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_serviced_recursive", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service_total)
-                .unwrap_or(0),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_service_time: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_service_time", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service)
-                .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_service_time_total: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_service_time", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service_total)
-                .unwrap_or(0),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_service_time_recursive: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_service_time_recursive", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service)
-                .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_service_time_recursive_total: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_service_time_recursive", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service_total)
-                .unwrap_or(0),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_wait_time: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_wait_time", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service)
-                .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_wait_time_total: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_wait_time", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service_total)
-                .unwrap_or(0),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_wait_time_recursive: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_wait_time_recursive", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service)
-                .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             io_wait_time_recursive_total: self
                 .open_path("blkio.io_wait_time_recursive", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_io_service_total)
-                .unwrap_or(0),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             leaf_weight: self
                 .open_path("blkio.leaf_weight", false)
-                .and_then(|file| read_u64_from(file))
+                .and_then(read_u64_from)
                 .unwrap_or(0u64),
             leaf_weight_device: self
                 .open_path("blkio.leaf_weight_device", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_blkio_data)
-                .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             sectors: self
                 .open_path("blkio.sectors", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_blkio_data)
-                .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             sectors_recursive: self
                 .open_path("blkio.sectors_recursive", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_blkio_data)
-                .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             throttle: BlkIoThrottle {
                 io_service_bytes: self
                     .open_path("blkio.throttle.io_service_bytes", false)
                     .and_then(read_string_from)
                     .and_then(parse_io_service)
-                    .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                    .unwrap_or_default(),
                 io_service_bytes_total: self
                     .open_path("blkio.throttle.io_service_bytes", false)
                     .and_then(read_string_from)
                     .and_then(parse_io_service_total)
-                    .unwrap_or(0),
+                    .unwrap_or_default(),
                 io_service_bytes_recursive: self
                     .open_path("blkio.throttle.io_service_bytes_recursive", false)
                     .and_then(read_string_from)
                     .and_then(parse_io_service)
-                    .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                    .unwrap_or_default(),
                 io_service_bytes_recursive_total: self
                     .open_path("blkio.throttle.io_service_bytes_recursive", false)
                     .and_then(read_string_from)
                     .and_then(parse_io_service_total)
-                    .unwrap_or(0),
+                    .unwrap_or_default(),
                 io_serviced: self
                     .open_path("blkio.throttle.io_serviced", false)
                     .and_then(read_string_from)
                     .and_then(parse_io_service)
-                    .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                    .unwrap_or_default(),
                 io_serviced_total: self
                     .open_path("blkio.throttle.io_serviced", false)
                     .and_then(read_string_from)
                     .and_then(parse_io_service_total)
-                    .unwrap_or(0),
+                    .unwrap_or_default(),
                 io_serviced_recursive: self
                     .open_path("blkio.throttle.io_serviced_recursive", false)
                     .and_then(read_string_from)
                     .and_then(parse_io_service)
-                    .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                    .unwrap_or_default(),
                 io_serviced_recursive_total: self
                     .open_path("blkio.throttle.io_serviced_recursive", false)
                     .and_then(read_string_from)
                     .and_then(parse_io_service_total)
-                    .unwrap_or(0),
+                    .unwrap_or_default(),
                 read_bps_device: self
                     .open_path("blkio.throttle.read_bps_device", false)
                     .and_then(read_string_from)
                     .and_then(parse_blkio_data)
-                    .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                    .unwrap_or_default(),
                 read_iops_device: self
                     .open_path("blkio.throttle.read_iops_device", false)
                     .and_then(read_string_from)
                     .and_then(parse_blkio_data)
-                    .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                    .unwrap_or_default(),
                 write_bps_device: self
                     .open_path("blkio.throttle.write_bps_device", false)
                     .and_then(read_string_from)
                     .and_then(parse_blkio_data)
-                    .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                    .unwrap_or_default(),
                 write_iops_device: self
                     .open_path("blkio.throttle.write_iops_device", false)
                     .and_then(read_string_from)
                     .and_then(parse_blkio_data)
-                    .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                    .unwrap_or_default(),
             },
             time: self
                 .open_path("blkio.time", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_blkio_data)
-                .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             time_recursive: self
                 .open_path("blkio.time_recursive", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_blkio_data)
-                .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             weight: self
                 .open_path("blkio.weight", false)
-                .and_then(|file| read_u64_from(file))
+                .and_then(read_u64_from)
                 .unwrap_or(0u64),
             weight_device: self
                 .open_path("blkio.weight_device", false)
                 .and_then(read_string_from)
                 .and_then(parse_blkio_data)
-                .unwrap_or(Vec::new()),
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
+            io_stat: Vec::new(),
         }
     }
 
@@ -588,12 +671,7 @@ impl BlkIoController {
     }
 
     /// Same as `set_leaf_weight()`, but settable per each block device.
-    pub fn set_leaf_weight_for_device(
-        &self,
-        major: u64,
-        minor: u64,
-        weight: u64,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn set_leaf_weight_for_device(&self, major: u64, minor: u64, weight: u64) -> Result<()> {
         self.open_path("blkio.leaf_weight_device", true)
             .and_then(|mut file| {
                 file.write_all(format!("{}:{} {}", major, minor, weight).as_ref())
@@ -612,92 +690,98 @@ impl BlkIoController {
 
     /// Throttle the bytes per second rate of read operation affecting the block device
     /// `major:minor` to `bps`.
-    pub fn throttle_read_bps_for_device(
-        &self,
-        major: u64,
-        minor: u64,
-        bps: u64,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
-        self.open_path("blkio.throttle.read_bps_device", true)
-            .and_then(|mut file| {
-                file.write_all(format!("{}:{} {}", major, minor, bps).to_string().as_ref())
-                    .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
-            })
+    pub fn throttle_read_bps_for_device(&self, major: u64, minor: u64, bps: u64) -> Result<()> {
+        let mut file = "blkio.throttle.read_bps_device";
+        let mut content = format!("{}:{} {}", major, minor, bps);
+        if self.v2 {
+            file = "io.max";
+            content = format!("{}:{} rbps={}", major, minor, bps);
+        }
+        self.open_path(file, true).and_then(|mut file| {
+            file.write_all(content.as_ref())
+                .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+        })
     }
 
     /// Throttle the I/O operations per second rate of read operation affecting the block device
     /// `major:minor` to `bps`.
-    pub fn throttle_read_iops_for_device(
-        &self,
-        major: u64,
-        minor: u64,
-        iops: u64,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
-        self.open_path("blkio.throttle.read_iops_device", true)
-            .and_then(|mut file| {
-                file.write_all(format!("{}:{} {}", major, minor, iops).to_string().as_ref())
-                    .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
-            })
+    pub fn throttle_read_iops_for_device(&self, major: u64, minor: u64, iops: u64) -> Result<()> {
+        let mut file = "blkio.throttle.read_iops_device";
+        let mut content = format!("{}:{} {}", major, minor, iops);
+        if self.v2 {
+            file = "io.max";
+            content = format!("{}:{} riops={}", major, minor, iops);
+        }
+        self.open_path(file, true).and_then(|mut file| {
+            file.write_all(content.as_ref())
+                .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+        })
     }
     /// Throttle the bytes per second rate of write operation affecting the block device
     /// `major:minor` to `bps`.
-    pub fn throttle_write_bps_for_device(
-        &self,
-        major: u64,
-        minor: u64,
-        bps: u64,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
-        self.open_path("blkio.throttle.write_bps_device", true)
-            .and_then(|mut file| {
-                file.write_all(format!("{}:{} {}", major, minor, bps).to_string().as_ref())
-                    .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
-            })
+    pub fn throttle_write_bps_for_device(&self, major: u64, minor: u64, bps: u64) -> Result<()> {
+        let mut file = "blkio.throttle.write_bps_device";
+        let mut content = format!("{}:{} {}", major, minor, bps);
+        if self.v2 {
+            file = "io.max";
+            content = format!("{}:{} wbps={}", major, minor, bps);
+        }
+        self.open_path(file, true).and_then(|mut file| {
+            file.write_all(content.as_ref())
+                .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+        })
     }
 
     /// Throttle the I/O operations per second rate of write operation affecting the block device
     /// `major:minor` to `bps`.
-    pub fn throttle_write_iops_for_device(
-        &self,
-        major: u64,
-        minor: u64,
-        iops: u64,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
-        self.open_path("blkio.throttle.write_iops_device", true)
-            .and_then(|mut file| {
-                file.write_all(format!("{}:{} {}", major, minor, iops).to_string().as_ref())
-                    .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
-            })
+    pub fn throttle_write_iops_for_device(&self, major: u64, minor: u64, iops: u64) -> Result<()> {
+        let mut file = "blkio.throttle.write_iops_device";
+        let mut content = format!("{}:{} {}", major, minor, iops);
+        if self.v2 {
+            file = "io.max";
+            content = format!("{}:{} wiops={}", major, minor, iops);
+        }
+        self.open_path(file, true).and_then(|mut file| {
+            file.write_all(content.as_ref())
+                .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+        })
     }
 
     /// Set the weight of the control group's tasks.
     pub fn set_weight(&self, w: u64) -> Result<()> {
-        self.open_path("blkio.weight", true)
-            .and_then(|mut file| {
-                file.write_all(w.to_string().as_ref())
-                    .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
-            })
+        // Attation: may not find in high kernel version.
+        let mut file = "blkio.weight";
+        if self.v2 {
+            file = "io.bfq.weight";
+        }
+        self.open_path(file, true).and_then(|mut file| {
+            file.write_all(w.to_string().as_ref())
+                .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+        })
     }
 
     /// Same as `set_weight()`, but settable per each block device.
-    pub fn set_weight_for_device(
-        &self,
-        major: u64,
-        minor: u64,
-        weight: u64,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
-        self.open_path("blkio.weight_device", true)
-            .and_then(|mut file| {
-                file.write_all(format!("{}:{} {}", major, minor, weight).as_ref())
-                    .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
-            })
+    pub fn set_weight_for_device(&self, major: u64, minor: u64, weight: u64) -> Result<()> {
+        let mut file = "blkio.weight_device";
+        if self.v2 {
+            // Attation: there is no weight for device in runc
+            // https://github.com/opencontainers/runc/blob/46be7b612e2533c494e6a251111de46d8e286ed5/libcontainer/cgroups/fs2/io.go#L30
+            // may depends on IO schedulers https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/Reference/IOSchedulers
+            file = "io.bfq.weight";
+        }
+        self.open_path(file, true).and_then(|mut file| {
+            file.write_all(format!("{}:{} {}", major, minor, weight).as_ref())
+                .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+        })
     }
 }
 
+impl CustomizedAttribute for BlkIoController {}
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test {
-    use blkio::{parse_blkio_data, BlkIoData};
-    use blkio::{parse_io_service, parse_io_service_total, IoService};
-    use error::*;
+    use crate::blkio::{parse_blkio_data, BlkIoData};
+    use crate::blkio::{parse_io_service, parse_io_service_total, IoService};
+    use crate::error::*;
 
     static TEST_VALUE: &str = "\
 8:32 Read 4280320
@@ -755,10 +839,7 @@ Total 61823067136
     #[test]
     fn test_parse_io_service_total() {
         let ok = parse_io_service_total(TEST_VALUE.to_string()).unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(
-            ok,
-            61823067136
-        );
+        assert_eq!(ok, 61823067136);
     }
 
     #[test]
@@ -773,7 +854,7 @@ Total 61823067136
                     read: 4280320,
                     write: 0,
                     sync: 4280320,
-                    async: 0,
+                    r#async: 0,
                     total: 4280320,
                 },
                 IoService {
@@ -782,7 +863,7 @@ Total 61823067136
                     read: 5705479168,
                     write: 56096055296,
                     sync: 11213923328,
-                    async: 50587611136,
+                    r#async: 50587611136,
                     total: 61801534464,
                 },
                 IoService {
@@ -791,7 +872,7 @@ Total 61823067136
                     read: 10059776,
                     write: 0,
                     sync: 10059776,
-                    async: 0,
+                    r#async: 0,
                     total: 10059776,
                 },
                 IoService {
@@ -800,16 +881,13 @@ Total 61823067136
                     read: 7192576,
                     write: 0,
                     sync: 7192576,
-                    async: 0,
+                    r#async: 0,
                     total: 7192576,
                 }
             ]
         );
         let err = parse_io_service(TEST_WRONG_VALUE.to_string()).unwrap_err();
-        assert_eq!(
-            err.kind(),
-            &ErrorKind::ParseError,
-        );
+        assert_eq!(err.kind(), &ErrorKind::ParseError,);
     }
 
     #[test]

src/cgroup.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,20 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+// Copyright (c) 2020 Ant Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 //! This module handles cgroup operations. Start here!
 
-use error::*;
+use crate::error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::*;
 
-use {CgroupPid, ControllIdentifier, Controller, Hierarchy, Resources, Subsystem};
+use crate::{CgroupPid, ControllIdentifier, Controller, Hierarchy, Resources, Subsystem};
 
+use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::convert::From;
-use std::path::Path;
+use std::fs;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 
 /// A control group is the central structure to this crate.
 ///
@@ -19,42 +28,81 @@ use std::path::Path;
 /// > specialized behaviour.
 ///
 /// This crate is an attempt at providing a Rust-native way of managing these cgroups.
-pub struct Cgroup<'b> {
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct Cgroup {
     /// The list of subsystems that control this cgroup
     subsystems: Vec<Subsystem>,
 
     /// The hierarchy.
-    hier: &'b Hierarchy,
+    hier: Box<dyn Hierarchy>,
+    path: String,
 }
 
-impl<'b> Cgroup<'b> {
+impl Clone for Cgroup {
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+        Cgroup {
+            subsystems: self.subsystems.clone(),
+            path: self.path.clone(),
+            hier: crate::hierarchies::auto(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for Cgroup {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Cgroup {
+            subsystems: Vec::new(),
+            hier: crate::hierarchies::auto(),
+            path: "".to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Cgroup {
     /// Create this control group.
     fn create(&self) {
-        for subsystem in &self.subsystems {
-            subsystem.to_controller().create();
+        if self.hier.v2() {
+            let _ret = create_v2_cgroup(self.hier.root(), &self.path);
+        } else {
+            for subsystem in &self.subsystems {
+                subsystem.to_controller().create();
+            }
         }
     }
 
+    pub fn v2(&self) -> bool {
+        self.hier.v2()
+    }
+
     /// Create a new control group in the hierarchy `hier`, with name `path`.
     ///
     /// Returns a handle to the control group that can be used to manipulate it.
-    ///
-    /// Note that if the handle goes out of scope and is dropped, the control group is _not_
-    /// destroyed.
-    pub fn new<P: AsRef<Path>>(hier: &Hierarchy, path: P) -> Cgroup {
+    pub fn new<P: AsRef<Path>>(hier: Box<dyn Hierarchy>, path: P) -> Cgroup {
         let cg = Cgroup::load(hier, path);
         cg.create();
         cg
     }
 
+    /// Create a new control group in the hierarchy `hier`, with name `path` and `relative_paths`
+    ///
+    /// Returns a handle to the control group that can be used to manipulate it.
+    ///
+    /// Note that this method is only meaningful for cgroup v1, call it is equivalent to call `new` in the v2 mode
+    pub fn new_with_relative_paths<P: AsRef<Path>>(
+        hier: Box<dyn Hierarchy>,
+        path: P,
+        relative_paths: HashMap<String, String>,
+    ) -> Cgroup {
+        let cg = Cgroup::load_with_relative_paths(hier, path, relative_paths);
+        cg.create();
+        cg
+    }
+
     /// Create a handle for a control group in the hierarchy `hier`, with name `path`.
     ///
     /// Returns a handle to the control group (that possibly does not exist until `create()` has
     /// been called on the cgroup.
-    ///
-    /// Note that if the handle goes out of scope and is dropped, the control group is _not_
-    /// destroyed.
-    pub fn load<P: AsRef<Path>>(hier: &Hierarchy, path: P) -> Cgroup {
+    pub fn load<P: AsRef<Path>>(hier: Box<dyn Hierarchy>, path: P) -> Cgroup {
         let path = path.as_ref();
         let mut subsystems = hier.subsystems();
         if path.as_os_str() != "" {
@@ -64,12 +112,54 @@ impl<'b> Cgroup<'b> {
                 .collect::<Vec<_>>();
         }
 
-        let cg = Cgroup {
-            subsystems: subsystems,
-            hier: hier,
-        };
+        Cgroup {
+            path: path.to_str().unwrap().to_string(),
+            subsystems,
+            hier,
+        }
+    }
 
-        cg
+    /// Create a handle for a control group in the hierarchy `hier`, with name `path` and `relative_paths`
+    ///
+    /// Returns a handle to the control group (that possibly does not exist until `create()` has
+    /// been called on the cgroup.
+    ///
+    /// Note that this method is only meaningful for cgroup v1, call it is equivalent to call `load` in the v2 mode
+    pub fn load_with_relative_paths<P: AsRef<Path>>(
+        hier: Box<dyn Hierarchy>,
+        path: P,
+        relative_paths: HashMap<String, String>,
+    ) -> Cgroup {
+        // relative_paths only valid for cgroup v1
+        if hier.v2() {
+            return Self::load(hier, path);
+        }
+
+        let path = path.as_ref();
+        let mut subsystems = hier.subsystems();
+        if path.as_os_str() != "" {
+            subsystems = subsystems
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(|x| {
+                    let cn = x.controller_name();
+                    if relative_paths.contains_key(&cn) {
+                        let rp = relative_paths.get(&cn).unwrap();
+                        let valid_path = rp.trim_start_matches('/').to_string();
+                        let mut p = PathBuf::from(valid_path);
+                        p.push(path);
+                        x.enter(p.as_ref())
+                    } else {
+                        x.enter(path)
+                    }
+                })
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        }
+
+        Cgroup {
+            subsystems,
+            hier,
+            path: path.to_str().unwrap().to_string(),
+        }
     }
 
     /// The list of subsystems that this control group supports.
@@ -83,8 +173,17 @@ impl<'b> Cgroup<'b> {
     /// system call will fail if there are any descendants. Thus, one should check whether it was
     /// actually removed, and remove the descendants first if not. In the future, this behavior
     /// will change.
-    pub fn delete(self) {
-        self.subsystems.into_iter().for_each(|sub| match sub {
+    pub fn delete(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        if self.v2() {
+            if !self.path.is_empty() {
+                let mut p = self.hier.root();
+                p.push(self.path.clone());
+                return fs::remove_dir(p).map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(RemoveFailed, e));
+            }
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+
+        self.subsystems.iter().try_for_each(|sub| match sub {
             Subsystem::Pid(pidc) => pidc.delete(),
             Subsystem::Mem(c) => c.delete(),
             Subsystem::CpuSet(c) => c.delete(),
@@ -98,7 +197,8 @@ impl<'b> Cgroup<'b> {
             Subsystem::NetPrio(c) => c.delete(),
             Subsystem::HugeTlb(c) => c.delete(),
             Subsystem::Rdma(c) => c.delete(),
-        });
+            Subsystem::Systemd(c) => c.delete(),
+        })
     }
 
     /// Apply a set of resource limits to the control group.
@@ -118,7 +218,7 @@ impl<'b> Cgroup<'b> {
     /// let cpu: &CpuController = control_group.controller_of()
     ///                             .expect("No cpu controller attached!");
     /// ```
-    pub fn controller_of<'a, T>(self: &'a Self) -> Option<&'a T>
+    pub fn controller_of<'a, T>(&'a self) -> Option<&'a T>
     where
         &'a T: From<&'a Subsystem>,
         T: Controller + ControllIdentifier,
@@ -143,25 +243,144 @@ impl<'b> Cgroup<'b> {
 
     /// Attach a task to the control group.
     pub fn add_task(&self, pid: CgroupPid) -> Result<()> {
+        if self.v2() {
+            let subsystems = self.subsystems();
+            if !subsystems.is_empty() {
+                let c = subsystems[0].to_controller();
+                c.add_task(&pid)
+            } else {
+                Ok(())
+            }
+        } else {
+            self.subsystems()
+                .iter()
+                .try_for_each(|sub| sub.to_controller().add_task(&pid))
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Attach a task to the control group by thread group id.
+    pub fn add_task_by_tgid(&self, pid: CgroupPid) -> Result<()> {
         self.subsystems()
             .iter()
-            .try_for_each(|sub| sub.to_controller().add_task(&pid))
+            .try_for_each(|sub| sub.to_controller().add_task_by_tgid(&pid))
+    }
+
+    /// Set notify_on_release to the control group.
+    pub fn set_notify_on_release(&self, enable: bool) -> Result<()> {
+        self.subsystems()
+            .iter()
+            .try_for_each(|sub| sub.to_controller().set_notify_on_release(enable))
+    }
+
+    /// Set release_agent
+    pub fn set_release_agent(&self, path: &str) -> Result<()> {
+        self.hier
+            .root_control_group()
+            .subsystems()
+            .iter()
+            .try_for_each(|sub| sub.to_controller().set_release_agent(path))
     }
 
     /// Returns an Iterator that can be used to iterate over the tasks that are currently in the
     /// control group.
     pub fn tasks(&self) -> Vec<CgroupPid> {
         // Collect the tasks from all subsystems
-        let mut v = self
-            .subsystems()
-            .iter()
-            .map(|x| x.to_controller().tasks())
-            .fold(vec![], |mut acc, mut x| {
-                acc.append(&mut x);
-                acc
-            });
+        let mut v = if self.v2() {
+            let subsystems = self.subsystems();
+            if !subsystems.is_empty() {
+                let c = subsystems[0].to_controller();
+                c.tasks()
+            } else {
+                vec![]
+            }
+        } else {
+            self.subsystems()
+                .iter()
+                .map(|x| x.to_controller().tasks())
+                .fold(vec![], |mut acc, mut x| {
+                    acc.append(&mut x);
+                    acc
+                })
+        };
+
         v.sort();
         v.dedup();
         v
     }
 }
+
+pub const UNIFIED_MOUNTPOINT: &str = "/sys/fs/cgroup";
+
+fn enable_controllers(controllers: &[String], path: &Path) {
+    let f = path.join("cgroup.subtree_control");
+    for c in controllers {
+        let body = format!("+{}", c);
+        let _rest = fs::write(f.as_path(), body.as_bytes());
+    }
+}
+
+fn supported_controllers() -> Vec<String> {
+    let p = format!("{}/{}", UNIFIED_MOUNTPOINT, "cgroup.controllers");
+    let ret = fs::read_to_string(p.as_str());
+    ret.unwrap_or_default()
+        .split(' ')
+        .map(|x| x.to_string())
+        .collect::<Vec<String>>()
+}
+
+fn create_v2_cgroup(root: PathBuf, path: &str) -> Result<()> {
+    // controler list ["memory", "cpu"]
+    let controllers = supported_controllers();
+    let mut fp = root;
+
+    // enable for root
+    enable_controllers(&controllers, &fp);
+
+    // path: "a/b/c"
+    let elements = path.split('/').collect::<Vec<&str>>();
+    let last_index = elements.len() - 1;
+    for (i, ele) in elements.iter().enumerate() {
+        // ROOT/a
+        fp.push(ele);
+        // create dir, need not check if is a file or directory
+        if !fp.exists() {
+            if let Err(e) = std::fs::create_dir(fp.clone()) {
+                return Err(Error::with_cause(ErrorKind::FsError, e));
+            }
+        }
+
+        if i < last_index {
+            // enable controllers for substree
+            enable_controllers(&controllers, &fp);
+        }
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn get_cgroups_relative_paths() -> Result<HashMap<String, String>> {
+    let path = "/proc/self/cgroup".to_string();
+    get_cgroups_relative_paths_by_path(path)
+}
+
+pub fn get_cgroups_relative_paths_by_pid(pid: u32) -> Result<HashMap<String, String>> {
+    let path = format!("/proc/{}/cgroup", pid);
+    get_cgroups_relative_paths_by_path(path)
+}
+
+fn get_cgroups_relative_paths_by_path(path: String) -> Result<HashMap<String, String>> {
+    let mut m = HashMap::new();
+    let content = fs::read_to_string(path).map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e))?;
+    for l in content.lines() {
+        let fl: Vec<&str> = l.split(':').collect();
+        if fl.len() != 3 {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        let keys: Vec<&str> = fl[1].split(',').collect();
+        for key in &keys {
+            m.insert(key.to_string(), fl[2].to_string());
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(m)
+}

src/cgroup_builder.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+// Copyright (c) 2020 Ant Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 //! This module allows the user to create a control group using the Builder pattern.
 //! # Example
 //!
@@ -10,11 +16,11 @@
 //! by a call to `build()`.
 //!
 //! ```rust,no_run
-//! # use cgroups::*;
-//! # use cgroups::devices::*;
-//! # use cgroups::cgroup_builder::*;
-//! let v1 = cgroups::hierarchies::V1::new();
-//! let cgroup: Cgroup = CgroupBuilder::new("hello", &v1)
+//! # use cgroups_rs::*;
+//! # use cgroups_rs::devices::*;
+//! # use cgroups_rs::cgroup_builder::*;
+//! let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+//! let cgroup: Cgroup = CgroupBuilder::new("hello")
 //!      .memory()
 //!          .kernel_memory_limit(1024 * 1024)
 //!          .memory_hard_limit(1024 * 1024)
@@ -42,8 +48,8 @@
 //!      .blkio()
 //!          .weight(123)
 //!          .leaf_weight(99)
-//!          .weight_device(6, 1, 100, 55)
-//!          .weight_device(6, 1, 100, 55)
+//!          .weight_device(6, 1, Some(100), Some(55))
+//!          .weight_device(6, 1, Some(100), Some(55))
 //!          .throttle_iops()
 //!              .read(6, 1, 10)
 //!              .write(11, 1, 100)
@@ -51,89 +57,76 @@
 //!              .read(6, 1, 10)
 //!              .write(11, 1, 100)
 //!          .done()
-//!      .build();
+//!      .build(h);
 //! ```
-use error::*;
 
-use {pid, BlkIoDeviceResource, BlkIoDeviceThrottleResource,  Cgroup, DeviceResource, Hierarchy, HugePageResource, NetworkPriority, Resources};
+use crate::{
+    BlkIoDeviceResource, BlkIoDeviceThrottleResource, Cgroup, DeviceResource, Hierarchy,
+    HugePageResource, MaxValue, NetworkPriority, Resources,
+};
 
 macro_rules! gen_setter {
     ($res:ident, $cont:ident, $func:ident, $name:ident, $ty:ty) => {
         /// See the similarly named function in the respective controller.
         pub fn $name(mut self, $name: $ty) -> Self {
-            self.cgroup.resources.$res.update_values = true;
-            self.cgroup.resources.$res.$name = $name;
+            self.cgroup.resources.$res.$name = Some($name);
             self
         }
-    }
+    };
 }
 
 /// A control group builder instance
-pub struct CgroupBuilder<'a> {
+pub struct CgroupBuilder {
     name: String,
-    hierarchy: &'a Hierarchy,
     /// Internal, unsupported field: use the associated builders instead.
     resources: Resources,
 }
 
-impl<'a> CgroupBuilder<'a> {
+impl CgroupBuilder {
     /// Start building a control group with the supplied hierarchy and name pair.
     ///
     /// Note that this does not actually create the control group until `build()` is called.
-    pub fn new(name: &'a str, hierarchy: &'a Hierarchy) -> CgroupBuilder<'a> {
+    pub fn new(name: &str) -> CgroupBuilder {
         CgroupBuilder {
             name: name.to_owned(),
-            hierarchy: hierarchy,
             resources: Resources::default(),
         }
     }
 
     /// Builds the memory resources of the control group.
-    pub fn memory(self) -> MemoryResourceBuilder<'a> {
-        MemoryResourceBuilder {
-            cgroup: self,
-        }
+    pub fn memory(self) -> MemoryResourceBuilder {
+        MemoryResourceBuilder { cgroup: self }
     }
 
     /// Builds the pid resources of the control group.
-    pub fn pid(self) -> PidResourceBuilder<'a> {
-        PidResourceBuilder {
-            cgroup: self,
-        }
+    pub fn pid(self) -> PidResourceBuilder {
+        PidResourceBuilder { cgroup: self }
     }
 
     /// Builds the cpu resources of the control group.
-    pub fn cpu(self) -> CpuResourceBuilder<'a> {
-        CpuResourceBuilder {
-            cgroup: self,
-        }
+    pub fn cpu(self) -> CpuResourceBuilder {
+        CpuResourceBuilder { cgroup: self }
     }
 
     /// Builds the devices resources of the control group, disallowing or
     /// allowing access to certain devices in the system.
-    pub fn devices(self) -> DeviceResourceBuilder<'a> {
-        DeviceResourceBuilder {
-            cgroup: self,
-        }
+    pub fn devices(self) -> DeviceResourceBuilder {
+        DeviceResourceBuilder { cgroup: self }
     }
 
     /// Builds the network resources of the control group, setting class id, or
     /// various priorities on networking interfaces.
-    pub fn network(self) -> NetworkResourceBuilder<'a> {
-        NetworkResourceBuilder {
-            cgroup: self,
-        }
+    pub fn network(self) -> NetworkResourceBuilder {
+        NetworkResourceBuilder { cgroup: self }
     }
 
     /// Builds the hugepage/hugetlb resources available to the control group.
-    pub fn hugepages(self) -> HugepagesResourceBuilder<'a> {
-        HugepagesResourceBuilder {
-            cgroup: self,
-        }
+    pub fn hugepages(self) -> HugepagesResourceBuilder {
+        HugepagesResourceBuilder { cgroup: self }
     }
 
     /// Builds the block I/O resources available for the control group.
-    pub fn blkio(self) -> BlkIoResourcesBuilder<'a> {
+    pub fn blkio(self) -> BlkIoResourcesBuilder {
         BlkIoResourcesBuilder {
             cgroup: self,
             throttling_iops: false,
@@ -141,55 +134,82 @@ impl<'a> CgroupBuilder<'a> {
     }
 
     /// Finalize the control group, consuming the builder and creating the control group.
-    pub fn build(self) -> Cgroup<'a> {
-        let cg = Cgroup::new(self.hierarchy, self.name);
-        cg.apply(&self.resources);
+    pub fn build(self, hier: Box<dyn Hierarchy>) -> Cgroup {
+        let cg = Cgroup::new(hier, self.name);
+        let _ret = cg.apply(&self.resources);
         cg
     }
 }
 
 /// A builder that configures the memory controller of a control group.
-pub struct MemoryResourceBuilder<'a> {
-    cgroup: CgroupBuilder<'a>,
+pub struct MemoryResourceBuilder {
+    cgroup: CgroupBuilder,
 }
 
-impl<'a> MemoryResourceBuilder<'a> {
-
-    gen_setter!(memory, MemController, set_kmem_limit, kernel_memory_limit, u64);
-    gen_setter!(memory, MemController, set_limit, memory_hard_limit, u64);
-    gen_setter!(memory, MemController, set_soft_limit, memory_soft_limit, u64);
-    gen_setter!(memory, MemController, set_tcp_limit, kernel_tcp_memory_limit, u64);
-    gen_setter!(memory, MemController, set_memswap_limit, memory_swap_limit, u64);
+impl MemoryResourceBuilder {
+    gen_setter!(
+        memory,
+        MemController,
+        set_kmem_limit,
+        kernel_memory_limit,
+        i64
+    );
+    gen_setter!(memory, MemController, set_limit, memory_hard_limit, i64);
+    gen_setter!(
+        memory,
+        MemController,
+        set_soft_limit,
+        memory_soft_limit,
+        i64
+    );
+    gen_setter!(
+        memory,
+        MemController,
+        set_tcp_limit,
+        kernel_tcp_memory_limit,
+        i64
+    );
+    gen_setter!(
+        memory,
+        MemController,
+        set_memswap_limit,
+        memory_swap_limit,
+        i64
+    );
     gen_setter!(memory, MemController, set_swappiness, swappiness, u64);
 
     /// Finish the construction of the memory resources of a control group.
-    pub fn done(self) -> CgroupBuilder<'a> {
+    pub fn done(self) -> CgroupBuilder {
         self.cgroup
     }
 }
 
 /// A builder that configures the pid controller of a control group.
-pub struct PidResourceBuilder<'a> {
-    cgroup: CgroupBuilder<'a>,
+pub struct PidResourceBuilder {
+    cgroup: CgroupBuilder,
 }
 
-impl<'a> PidResourceBuilder<'a> {
-
-    gen_setter!(pid, PidController, set_pid_max, maximum_number_of_processes, pid::PidMax);
+impl PidResourceBuilder {
+    gen_setter!(
+        pid,
+        PidController,
+        set_pid_max,
+        maximum_number_of_processes,
+        MaxValue
+    );
 
     /// Finish the construction of the pid resources of a control group.
-    pub fn done(self) -> CgroupBuilder<'a> {
+    pub fn done(self) -> CgroupBuilder {
         self.cgroup
     }
 }
 
 /// A builder that configures the cpuset & cpu controllers of a control group.
-pub struct CpuResourceBuilder<'a> {
-    cgroup: CgroupBuilder<'a>,
+pub struct CpuResourceBuilder {
+    cgroup: CgroupBuilder,
 }
 
-impl<'a> CpuResourceBuilder<'a> {
-
+impl CpuResourceBuilder {
     gen_setter!(cpu, CpuSetController, set_cpus, cpus, String);
     gen_setter!(cpu, CpuSetController, set_mems, mems, String);
     gen_setter!(cpu, CpuController, set_shares, shares, u64);
@@ -199,170 +219,172 @@ impl<'a> CpuResourceBuilder<'a> {
     gen_setter!(cpu, CpuController, set_rt_period, realtime_period, u64);
 
     /// Finish the construction of the cpu resources of a control group.
-    pub fn done(self) -> CgroupBuilder<'a> {
+    pub fn done(self) -> CgroupBuilder {
         self.cgroup
     }
 }
 
 /// A builder that configures the devices controller of a control group.
-pub struct DeviceResourceBuilder<'a> {
-    cgroup: CgroupBuilder<'a>,
+pub struct DeviceResourceBuilder {
+    cgroup: CgroupBuilder,
 }
 
-impl<'a> DeviceResourceBuilder<'a> {
-
+impl DeviceResourceBuilder {
     /// Restrict (or allow) a device to the tasks inside the control group.
-    pub fn device(mut self,
-                  major: i64,
-                  minor: i64,
-                  devtype: ::devices::DeviceType,
-                  allow: bool,
-                  access: Vec<::devices::DevicePermissions>)
-            -> DeviceResourceBuilder<'a> {
-        self.cgroup.resources.devices.update_values = true;
+    pub fn device(
+        mut self,
+        major: i64,
+        minor: i64,
+        devtype: crate::devices::DeviceType,
+        allow: bool,
+        access: Vec<crate::devices::DevicePermissions>,
+    ) -> DeviceResourceBuilder {
         self.cgroup.resources.devices.devices.push(DeviceResource {
+            allow,
+            devtype,
             major,
             minor,
-            devtype,
-            allow,
-            access
+            access,
         });
         self
     }
 
     /// Finish the construction of the devices resources of a control group.
-    pub fn done(self) -> CgroupBuilder<'a> {
+    pub fn done(self) -> CgroupBuilder {
         self.cgroup
     }
 }
 
 /// A builder that configures the net_cls & net_prio controllers of a control group.
-pub struct NetworkResourceBuilder<'a> {
-    cgroup: CgroupBuilder<'a>,
+pub struct NetworkResourceBuilder {
+    cgroup: CgroupBuilder,
 }
 
-impl<'a> NetworkResourceBuilder<'a> {
-
+impl NetworkResourceBuilder {
     gen_setter!(network, NetclsController, set_class, class_id, u64);
 
     /// Set the priority of the tasks when operating on a networking device defined by `name` to be
     /// `priority`.
-    pub fn priority(mut self, name: String, priority: u64)
-        -> NetworkResourceBuilder<'a> {
-        self.cgroup.resources.network.update_values = true;
-        self.cgroup.resources.network.priorities.push(NetworkPriority {
-            name,
-            priority,
-        });
+    pub fn priority(mut self, name: String, priority: u64) -> NetworkResourceBuilder {
+        self.cgroup
+            .resources
+            .network
+            .priorities
+            .push(NetworkPriority { name, priority });
         self
     }
 
     /// Finish the construction of the network resources of a control group.
-    pub fn done(self) -> CgroupBuilder<'a> {
+    pub fn done(self) -> CgroupBuilder {
         self.cgroup
     }
 }
 
 /// A builder that configures the hugepages controller of a control group.
-pub struct HugepagesResourceBuilder<'a> {
-    cgroup: CgroupBuilder<'a>,
+pub struct HugepagesResourceBuilder {
+    cgroup: CgroupBuilder,
 }
 
-impl<'a> HugepagesResourceBuilder<'a> {
-
+impl HugepagesResourceBuilder {
     /// Limit the usage of certain hugepages (determined by `size`) to be at most `limit` bytes.
-    pub fn limit(mut self, size: String, limit: u64)
-        -> HugepagesResourceBuilder<'a> {
-        self.cgroup.resources.hugepages.update_values = true;
-        self.cgroup.resources.hugepages.limits.push(HugePageResource {
-            size,
-            limit,
-        });
+    pub fn limit(mut self, size: String, limit: u64) -> HugepagesResourceBuilder {
+        self.cgroup
+            .resources
+            .hugepages
+            .limits
+            .push(HugePageResource { size, limit });
         self
     }
 
     /// Finish the construction of the network resources of a control group.
-    pub fn done(self) -> CgroupBuilder<'a> {
+    pub fn done(self) -> CgroupBuilder {
         self.cgroup
     }
 }
 
 /// A builder that configures the blkio controller of a control group.
-pub struct BlkIoResourcesBuilder<'a> {
-    cgroup: CgroupBuilder<'a>,
+pub struct BlkIoResourcesBuilder {
+    cgroup: CgroupBuilder,
     throttling_iops: bool,
 }
 
-impl<'a> BlkIoResourcesBuilder<'a> {
-
+impl BlkIoResourcesBuilder {
     gen_setter!(blkio, BlkIoController, set_weight, weight, u16);
     gen_setter!(blkio, BlkIoController, set_leaf_weight, leaf_weight, u16);
 
     /// Set the weight of a certain device.
-    pub fn weight_device(mut self,
-                         major: u64,
-                         minor: u64,
-                         weight: u16,
-                         leaf_weight: u16)
-        -> BlkIoResourcesBuilder<'a> {
-        self.cgroup.resources.blkio.update_values = true;
-        self.cgroup.resources.blkio.weight_device.push(BlkIoDeviceResource {
-            major,
-            minor,
-            weight,
-            leaf_weight,
-        });
+    pub fn weight_device(
+        mut self,
+        major: u64,
+        minor: u64,
+        weight: Option<u16>,
+        leaf_weight: Option<u16>,
+    ) -> BlkIoResourcesBuilder {
+        self.cgroup
+            .resources
+            .blkio
+            .weight_device
+            .push(BlkIoDeviceResource {
+                major,
+                minor,
+                weight,
+                leaf_weight,
+            });
         self
     }
 
     /// Start configuring the I/O operations per second metric.
-    pub fn throttle_iops(mut self) -> BlkIoResourcesBuilder<'a> {
+    pub fn throttle_iops(mut self) -> BlkIoResourcesBuilder {
         self.throttling_iops = true;
         self
     }
 
     /// Start configuring the bytes per second metric.
-    pub fn throttle_bps(mut self) -> BlkIoResourcesBuilder<'a> {
+    pub fn throttle_bps(mut self) -> BlkIoResourcesBuilder {
         self.throttling_iops = false;
         self
     }
 
     /// Limit the read rate of the current metric for a certain device.
-    pub fn read(mut self, major: u64, minor: u64, rate: u64)
-        -> BlkIoResourcesBuilder<'a> {
-        self.cgroup.resources.blkio.update_values = true;
-        let throttle = BlkIoDeviceThrottleResource {
-            major,
-            minor,
-            rate,
-        };
+    pub fn read(mut self, major: u64, minor: u64, rate: u64) -> BlkIoResourcesBuilder {
+        let throttle = BlkIoDeviceThrottleResource { major, minor, rate };
         if self.throttling_iops {
-            self.cgroup.resources.blkio.throttle_read_iops_device.push(throttle);
+            self.cgroup
+                .resources
+                .blkio
+                .throttle_read_iops_device
+                .push(throttle);
         } else {
-            self.cgroup.resources.blkio.throttle_read_bps_device.push(throttle);
+            self.cgroup
+                .resources
+                .blkio
+                .throttle_read_bps_device
+                .push(throttle);
         }
         self
     }
 
     /// Limit the write rate of the current metric for a certain device.
-    pub fn write(mut self, major: u64, minor: u64, rate: u64)
-        -> BlkIoResourcesBuilder<'a> {
-        self.cgroup.resources.blkio.update_values = true;
-        let throttle = BlkIoDeviceThrottleResource {
-            major,
-            minor,
-            rate,
-        };
+    pub fn write(mut self, major: u64, minor: u64, rate: u64) -> BlkIoResourcesBuilder {
+        let throttle = BlkIoDeviceThrottleResource { major, minor, rate };
         if self.throttling_iops {
-            self.cgroup.resources.blkio.throttle_write_iops_device.push(throttle);
+            self.cgroup
+                .resources
+                .blkio
+                .throttle_write_iops_device
+                .push(throttle);
         } else {
-            self.cgroup.resources.blkio.throttle_write_bps_device.push(throttle);
+            self.cgroup
+                .resources
+                .blkio
+                .throttle_write_bps_device
+                .push(throttle);
         }
         self
     }
 
     /// Finish the construction of the blkio resources of a control group.
-    pub fn done(self) -> CgroupBuilder<'a> {
+    pub fn done(self) -> CgroupBuilder {
         self.cgroup
     }
 }

src/cpu.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+// Copyright (c) 2020 Ant Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 //! This module contains the implementation of the `cpu` cgroup subsystem.
 //!
 //! See the Kernel's documentation for more information about this subsystem, found at:
@@ -7,11 +13,13 @@ use std::fs::File;
 use std::io::{Read, Write};
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 
-use error::*;
-use error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::*;
+use crate::{parse_max_value, read_i64_from, read_u64_from};
 
-use {
-    ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, CpuResources, Resources, Subsystem,
+use crate::{
+    ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, CpuResources, CustomizedAttribute,
+    MaxValue, Resources, Subsystem,
 };
 
 /// A controller that allows controlling the `cpu` subsystem of a Cgroup.
@@ -23,10 +31,12 @@ use {
 pub struct CpuController {
     base: PathBuf,
     path: PathBuf,
+    v2: bool,
 }
 
 /// The current state of the control group and its processes.
 #[derive(Debug)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct Cpu {
     /// Reports CPU time statistics.
     ///
@@ -34,6 +44,13 @@ pub struct Cpu {
     pub stat: String,
 }
 
+/// The current state of the control group and its processes.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct CfsQuotaAndPeriod {
+    quota: MaxValue,
+    period: u64,
+}
+
 impl ControllerInternal for CpuController {
     fn control_type(&self) -> Controllers {
         Controllers::Cpu
@@ -51,29 +68,23 @@ impl ControllerInternal for CpuController {
         &self.base
     }
 
+    fn is_v2(&self) -> bool {
+        self.v2
+    }
+
     fn apply(&self, res: &Resources) -> Result<()> {
         // get the resources that apply to this controller
         let res: &CpuResources = &res.cpu;
 
-        if res.update_values {
-            // apply pid_max
-            let _ = self.set_shares(res.shares);
-            if self.shares()? != res.shares as u64 {
-                return Err(Error::new(ErrorKind::Other));
-            }
+        update_and_test!(self, set_shares, res.shares, shares);
+        update_and_test!(self, set_cfs_period, res.period, cfs_period);
+        update_and_test!(self, set_cfs_quota, res.quota, cfs_quota);
 
-            let _ = self.set_cfs_period(res.period);
-            if self.cfs_period()? != res.period as u64 {
-                return Err(Error::new(ErrorKind::Other));
-            }
+        res.attrs.iter().for_each(|(k, v)| {
+            let _ = self.set(k, v);
+        });
 
-            let _ = self.set_cfs_quota(res.quota as u64);
-            if self.cfs_quota()? != res.quota as u64 {
-                return Err(Error::new(ErrorKind::Other));
-            }
-
-            // TODO: rt properties (CONFIG_RT_GROUP_SCHED) are not yet supported
-        }
+        // TODO: rt properties (CONFIG_RT_GROUP_SCHED) are not yet supported
 
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -92,29 +103,21 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a Subsystem> for &'a CpuController {
                 Subsystem::Cpu(c) => c,
                 _ => {
                     assert_eq!(1, 0);
-                    ::std::mem::uninitialized()
+                    let v = std::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit();
+                    v.assume_init()
                 }
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
-fn read_u64_from(mut file: File) -> Result<u64> {
-    let mut string = String::new();
-    match file.read_to_string(&mut string) {
-        Ok(_) => string.trim().parse().map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ParseError, e)),
-        Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
-    }
-}
-
 impl CpuController {
-    /// Contructs a new `CpuController` with `oroot` serving as the root of the control group.
-    pub fn new(oroot: PathBuf) -> Self {
-        let mut root = oroot;
-        root.push(Self::controller_type().to_string());
+    /// Contructs a new `CpuController` with `root` serving as the root of the control group.
+    pub fn new(root: PathBuf, v2: bool) -> Self {
         Self {
             base: root.clone(),
             path: root,
+            v2,
         }
     }
 
@@ -130,7 +133,8 @@ impl CpuController {
                         Ok(_) => Ok(s),
                         Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
                     }
-                }).unwrap_or("".to_string()),
+                })
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
         }
     }
 
@@ -141,7 +145,12 @@ impl CpuController {
     /// `shares` to `200` ensures that control group `B` receives twice as much as CPU bandwidth.
     /// (Assuming both `A` and `B` are of the same parent)
     pub fn set_shares(&self, shares: u64) -> Result<()> {
-        self.open_path("cpu.shares", true).and_then(|mut file| {
+        let mut file = "cpu.shares";
+        if self.v2 {
+            file = "cpu.weight";
+        }
+        // NOTE: .CpuShares is not used here. Conversion is the caller's responsibility.
+        self.open_path(file, true).and_then(|mut file| {
             file.write_all(shares.to_string().as_ref())
                 .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
         })
@@ -150,12 +159,19 @@ impl CpuController {
     /// Retrieve the CPU bandwidth that this control group (relative to other control groups and
     /// this control group's parent) can use.
     pub fn shares(&self) -> Result<u64> {
-        self.open_path("cpu.shares", false).and_then(read_u64_from)
+        let mut file = "cpu.shares";
+        if self.v2 {
+            file = "cpu.weight";
+        }
+        self.open_path(file, false).and_then(read_u64_from)
     }
 
     /// Specify a period (when using the CFS scheduler) of time in microseconds for how often this
     /// control group's access to the CPU should be reallocated.
     pub fn set_cfs_period(&self, us: u64) -> Result<()> {
+        if self.v2 {
+            return self.set_cfs_quota_and_period(None, Some(us));
+        }
         self.open_path("cpu.cfs_period_us", true)
             .and_then(|mut file| {
                 file.write_all(us.to_string().as_ref())
@@ -166,13 +182,22 @@ impl CpuController {
     /// Retrieve the period of time of how often this cgroup's access to the CPU should be
     /// reallocated in microseconds.
     pub fn cfs_period(&self) -> Result<u64> {
+        if self.v2 {
+            let current_value = self
+                .open_path("cpu.max", false)
+                .and_then(parse_cfs_quota_and_period)?;
+            return Ok(current_value.period);
+        }
         self.open_path("cpu.cfs_period_us", false)
             .and_then(read_u64_from)
     }
 
     /// Specify a quota (when using the CFS scheduler) of time in microseconds for which all tasks
     /// in this control group can run during one period (see: `set_cfs_period()`).
-    pub fn set_cfs_quota(&self, us: u64) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn set_cfs_quota(&self, us: i64) -> Result<()> {
+        if self.v2 {
+            return self.set_cfs_quota_and_period(Some(us), None);
+        }
         self.open_path("cpu.cfs_quota_us", true)
             .and_then(|mut file| {
                 file.write_all(us.to_string().as_ref())
@@ -182,8 +207,98 @@ impl CpuController {
 
     /// Retrieve the quota of time for which all tasks in this cgroup can run during one period, in
     /// microseconds.
-    pub fn cfs_quota(&self) -> Result<u64> {
+    pub fn cfs_quota(&self) -> Result<i64> {
+        if self.v2 {
+            let current_value = self
+                .open_path("cpu.max", false)
+                .and_then(parse_cfs_quota_and_period)?;
+            return Ok(current_value.quota.to_i64());
+        }
+
         self.open_path("cpu.cfs_quota_us", false)
-            .and_then(read_u64_from)
+            .and_then(read_i64_from)
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_cfs_quota_and_period(&self, quota: Option<i64>, period: Option<u64>) -> Result<()> {
+        if !self.v2 {
+            if let Some(q) = quota {
+                self.set_cfs_quota(q)?;
+            }
+            if let Some(p) = period {
+                self.set_cfs_period(p)?;
+            }
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+
+        // https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.html
+
+        // cpu.max
+        // A read-write two value file which exists on non-root cgroups. The default is “max 100000”.
+        // The maximum bandwidth limit. It’s in the following format:
+        // $MAX $PERIOD
+        // which indicates that the group may consume upto $MAX in each $PERIOD duration.
+        // “max” for $MAX indicates no limit. If only one number is written, $MAX is updated.
+
+        let current_value = self
+            .open_path("cpu.max", false)
+            .and_then(parse_cfs_quota_and_period)?;
+
+        let new_quota = if let Some(q) = quota {
+            if q > 0 {
+                q.to_string()
+            } else {
+                "max".to_string()
+            }
+        } else {
+            current_value.quota.to_string()
+        };
+
+        let new_period = if let Some(p) = period {
+            p.to_string()
+        } else {
+            current_value.period.to_string()
+        };
+
+        let line = format!("{} {}", new_quota, new_period);
+        self.open_path("cpu.max", true).and_then(|mut file| {
+            file.write_all(line.as_ref())
+                .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_rt_runtime(&self, us: i64) -> Result<()> {
+        self.open_path("cpu.rt_runtime_us", true)
+            .and_then(|mut file| {
+                file.write_all(us.to_string().as_ref())
+                    .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+            })
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_rt_period_us(&self, us: u64) -> Result<()> {
+        self.open_path("cpu.rt_period_us", true)
+            .and_then(|mut file| {
+                file.write_all(us.to_string().as_ref())
+                    .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+            })
     }
 }
+
+impl CustomizedAttribute for CpuController {}
+
+fn parse_cfs_quota_and_period(mut file: File) -> Result<CfsQuotaAndPeriod> {
+    let mut content = String::new();
+    file.read_to_string(&mut content)
+        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e))?;
+
+    let fields = content.trim().split(' ').collect::<Vec<&str>>();
+    if fields.len() != 2 {
+        return Err(Error::from_string(format!("invaild format: {}", content)));
+    }
+
+    let quota = parse_max_value(fields[0])?;
+    let period = fields[1]
+        .parse::<u64>()
+        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ParseError, e))?;
+
+    Ok(CfsQuotaAndPeriod { quota, period })
+}

src/cpuacct.rs

@@ -1,15 +1,20 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 //! This module contains the implementation of the `cpuacct` cgroup subsystem.
 //!
 //! See the Kernel's documentation for more information about this subsystem, found at:
 //!  [Documentation/cgroup-v1/cpuacct.txt](https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/cpuacct.txt)
-use std::fs::File;
-use std::io::{Read, Write};
+use std::io::Write;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 
-use error::*;
-use error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::*;
 
-use {ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, Resources, Subsystem};
+use crate::{read_string_from, read_u64_from};
+use crate::{ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, Resources, Subsystem};
 
 /// A controller that allows controlling the `cpuacct` subsystem of a Cgroup.
 ///
@@ -22,6 +27,7 @@ pub struct CpuAcctController {
 }
 
 /// Represents the statistics retrieved from the control group.
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct CpuAcct {
     /// Divides the time used by the tasks into `user` time and `system` time.
     pub stat: String,
@@ -84,38 +90,17 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a Subsystem> for &'a CpuAcctController {
                 Subsystem::CpuAcct(c) => c,
                 _ => {
                     assert_eq!(1, 0);
-                    ::std::mem::uninitialized()
+                    let v = std::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit();
+                    v.assume_init()
                 }
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
-fn read_u64_from(mut file: File) -> Result<u64> {
-    let mut string = String::new();
-    let res = file.read_to_string(&mut string);
-    match res {
-        Ok(_) => match string.trim().parse() {
-            Ok(e) => Ok(e),
-            Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ParseError, e)),
-        },
-        Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
-    }
-}
-
-fn read_string_from(mut file: File) -> Result<String> {
-    let mut string = String::new();
-    match file.read_to_string(&mut string) {
-        Ok(_) => Ok(string.trim().to_string()),
-        Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
-    }
-}
-
 impl CpuAcctController {
-    /// Contructs a new `CpuAcctController` with `oroot` serving as the root of the control group.
-    pub fn new(oroot: PathBuf) -> Self {
-        let mut root = oroot;
-        root.push(Self::controller_type().to_string());
+    /// Contructs a new `CpuAcctController` with `root` serving as the root of the control group.
+    pub fn new(root: PathBuf) -> Self {
         Self {
             base: root.clone(),
             path: root,
@@ -127,42 +112,44 @@ impl CpuAcctController {
         CpuAcct {
             stat: self
                 .open_path("cpuacct.stat", false)
-                .and_then(|file| read_string_from(file))
-                .unwrap_or("".to_string()),
+                .and_then(read_string_from)
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             usage: self
                 .open_path("cpuacct.usage", false)
-                .and_then(|file| read_u64_from(file))
+                .and_then(read_u64_from)
                 .unwrap_or(0),
             usage_all: self
                 .open_path("cpuacct.usage_all", false)
-                .and_then(|file| read_string_from(file))
-                .unwrap_or("".to_string()),
+                .and_then(read_string_from)
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             usage_percpu: self
                 .open_path("cpuacct.usage_percpu", false)
-                .and_then(|file| read_string_from(file))
-                .unwrap_or("".to_string()),
+                .and_then(read_string_from)
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             usage_percpu_sys: self
                 .open_path("cpuacct.usage_percpu_sys", false)
-                .and_then(|file| read_string_from(file))
-                .unwrap_or("".to_string()),
+                .and_then(read_string_from)
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             usage_percpu_user: self
                 .open_path("cpuacct.usage_percpu_user", false)
-                .and_then(|file| read_string_from(file))
-                .unwrap_or("".to_string()),
+                .and_then(read_string_from)
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
             usage_sys: self
                 .open_path("cpuacct.usage_sys", false)
-                .and_then(|file| read_u64_from(file))
+                .and_then(read_u64_from)
                 .unwrap_or(0),
             usage_user: self
                 .open_path("cpuacct.usage_user", false)
-                .and_then(|file| read_u64_from(file))
+                .and_then(read_u64_from)
                 .unwrap_or(0),
         }
     }
 
     /// Reset the statistics the kernel has gathered about the control group.
     pub fn reset(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.open_path("cpuacct.usage", true)
-            .and_then(|mut file| file.write_all(b"0").map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e)))
+        self.open_path("cpuacct.usage", true).and_then(|mut file| {
+            file.write_all(b"0")
+                .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+        })
     }
 }

src/cpuset.rs

@@ -1,15 +1,23 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+// Copyright (c) 2020 Ant Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 //! This module contains the implementation of the `cpuset` cgroup subsystem.
 //!
 //! See the Kernel's documentation for more information about this subsystem, found at:
 //!  [Documentation/cgroup-v1/cpusets.txt](https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/cpusets.txt)
-use std::fs::File;
-use std::io::{Read, Write};
+
+use log::*;
+use std::io::Write;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 
-use error::*;
-use error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::*;
 
-use {
+use crate::{read_string_from, read_u64_from};
+use crate::{
     ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, CpuResources, Resources, Subsystem,
 };
 
@@ -21,9 +29,11 @@ use {
 pub struct CpuSetController {
     base: PathBuf,
     path: PathBuf,
+    v2: bool,
 }
 
 /// The current state of the `cpuset` controller for this control group.
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct CpuSet {
     /// If true, no other control groups can share the CPUs listed in the `cpus` field.
     pub cpu_exclusive: bool,
@@ -93,17 +103,85 @@ impl ControllerInternal for CpuSetController {
         &self.base
     }
 
+    fn is_v2(&self) -> bool {
+        self.v2
+    }
+
     fn apply(&self, res: &Resources) -> Result<()> {
         // get the resources that apply to this controller
         let res: &CpuResources = &res.cpu;
 
-        if res.update_values {
-            let _ = self.set_cpus(&res.cpus);
-            let _ = self.set_mems(&res.mems);
-        }
+        update!(self, set_cpus, res.cpus.as_ref());
+        update!(self, set_mems, res.mems.as_ref());
 
         Ok(())
     }
+
+    fn post_create(&self) {
+        if self.is_v2() {
+            return;
+        }
+        let current = self.get_path();
+
+        if current != self.get_base() {
+            match copy_from_parent(current.to_str().unwrap(), "cpuset.cpus") {
+                Ok(_) => (),
+                Err(err) => error!("error create_dir for cpuset.cpus {:?}", err),
+            }
+            match copy_from_parent(current.to_str().unwrap(), "cpuset.mems") {
+                Ok(_) => (),
+                Err(err) => error!("error create_dir for cpuset.mems {:?}", err),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn find_no_empty_parent(from: &str, file: &str) -> Result<(String, Vec<PathBuf>)> {
+    let mut current_path = ::std::path::Path::new(from).to_path_buf();
+    let mut v = vec![];
+
+    loop {
+        let current_value =
+            match ::std::fs::read_to_string(current_path.clone().join(file).to_str().unwrap()) {
+                Ok(cpus) => String::from(cpus.trim()),
+                Err(e) => return Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
+            };
+
+        if !current_value.is_empty() {
+            return Ok((current_value, v));
+        }
+        v.push(current_path.clone());
+
+        let parent = match current_path.parent() {
+            Some(p) => p,
+            None => return Ok(("".to_string(), v)),
+        };
+
+        // next loop, find parent
+        current_path = parent.to_path_buf();
+    }
+}
+
+/// copy_from_parent copy the cpuset.cpus and cpuset.mems from the parent
+/// directory to the current directory if the file's contents are 0
+fn copy_from_parent(current: &str, file: &str) -> Result<()> {
+    // find not empty cpus/memes from current directory.
+    let (value, parents) = find_no_empty_parent(current, file)?;
+
+    if value.is_empty() || parents.is_empty() {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+
+    for p in parents.iter().rev() {
+        let mut pb = p.clone();
+        pb.push(file);
+        match ::std::fs::write(pb.to_str().unwrap(), value.as_bytes()) {
+            Ok(_) => (),
+            Err(e) => return Err(Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 impl ControllIdentifier for CpuSetController {
@@ -119,44 +197,29 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a Subsystem> for &'a CpuSetController {
                 Subsystem::CpuSet(c) => c,
                 _ => {
                     assert_eq!(1, 0);
-                    ::std::mem::uninitialized()
+                    let v = std::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit();
+                    v.assume_init()
                 }
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
-fn read_string_from(mut file: File) -> Result<String> {
-    let mut string = String::new();
-    match file.read_to_string(&mut string) {
-        Ok(_) => Ok(string.trim().to_string()),
-        Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
-    }
-}
-
-fn read_u64_from(mut file: File) -> Result<u64> {
-    let mut string = String::new();
-    match file.read_to_string(&mut string) {
-        Ok(_) => string.trim().parse().map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ParseError, e)),
-        Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
-    }
-}
-
 /// Parse a string like "1,2,4-5,8" into a list of (start, end) tuples.
 fn parse_range(s: String) -> Result<Vec<(u64, u64)>> {
     let mut fin = Vec::new();
 
-    if s == "".to_string() {
+    if s.is_empty() {
         return Ok(fin);
     }
 
     // first split by commas
-    let comma_split = s.split(",");
+    let comma_split = s.split(',');
 
     for sp in comma_split {
-        if sp.contains("-") {
+        if sp.contains('-') {
             // this is a true range
-            let dash_split = sp.split("-").collect::<Vec<_>>();
+            let dash_split = sp.split('-').collect::<Vec<_>>();
             if dash_split.len() != 2 {
                 return Err(Error::new(ParseError));
             }
@@ -180,13 +243,12 @@ fn parse_range(s: String) -> Result<Vec<(u64, u64)>> {
 }
 
 impl CpuSetController {
-    /// Contructs a new `CpuSetController` with `oroot` serving as the root of the control group.
-    pub fn new(oroot: PathBuf) -> Self {
-        let mut root = oroot;
-        root.push(Self::controller_type().to_string());
+    /// Contructs a new `CpuSetController` with `root` serving as the root of the control group.
+    pub fn new(root: PathBuf, v2: bool) -> Self {
         Self {
             base: root.clone(),
             path: root,
+            v2,
         }
     }
 
@@ -196,7 +258,7 @@ impl CpuSetController {
         CpuSet {
             cpu_exclusive: {
                 self.open_path("cpuset.cpu_exclusive", false)
-                    .and_then(|file| read_u64_from(file))
+                    .and_then(read_u64_from)
                     .map(|x| x == 1)
                     .unwrap_or(false)
             },
@@ -204,19 +266,19 @@ impl CpuSetController {
                 self.open_path("cpuset.cpus", false)
                     .and_then(read_string_from)
                     .and_then(parse_range)
-                    .unwrap_or(Vec::new())
+                    .unwrap_or_default()
             },
             effective_cpus: {
                 self.open_path("cpuset.effective_cpus", false)
                     .and_then(read_string_from)
                     .and_then(parse_range)
-                    .unwrap_or(Vec::new())
+                    .unwrap_or_default()
             },
             effective_mems: {
                 self.open_path("cpuset.effective_mems", false)
                     .and_then(read_string_from)
                     .and_then(parse_range)
-                    .unwrap_or(Vec::new())
+                    .unwrap_or_default()
             },
             mem_exclusive: {
                 self.open_path("cpuset.mem_exclusive", false)
@@ -263,7 +325,7 @@ impl CpuSetController {
                 self.open_path("cpuset.mems", false)
                     .and_then(read_string_from)
                     .and_then(parse_range)
-                    .unwrap_or(Vec::new())
+                    .unwrap_or_default()
             },
             sched_load_balance: {
                 self.open_path("cpuset.sched_load_balance", false)
@@ -285,9 +347,11 @@ impl CpuSetController {
         self.open_path("cpuset.cpu_exclusive", true)
             .and_then(|mut file| {
                 if b {
-                    file.write_all(b"1").map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+                    file.write_all(b"1")
+                        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
                 } else {
-                    file.write_all(b"0").map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+                    file.write_all(b"0")
+                        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
                 }
             })
     }
@@ -298,9 +362,11 @@ impl CpuSetController {
         self.open_path("cpuset.mem_exclusive", true)
             .and_then(|mut file| {
                 if b {
-                    file.write_all(b"1").map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+                    file.write_all(b"1")
+                        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
                 } else {
-                    file.write_all(b"0").map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+                    file.write_all(b"0")
+                        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
                 }
             })
     }
@@ -335,9 +401,11 @@ impl CpuSetController {
         self.open_path("cpuset.mem_hardwall", true)
             .and_then(|mut file| {
                 if b {
-                    file.write_all(b"1").map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+                    file.write_all(b"1")
+                        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
                 } else {
-                    file.write_all(b"0").map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+                    file.write_all(b"0")
+                        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
                 }
             })
     }
@@ -348,9 +416,11 @@ impl CpuSetController {
         self.open_path("cpuset.sched_load_balance", true)
             .and_then(|mut file| {
                 if b {
-                    file.write_all(b"1").map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+                    file.write_all(b"1")
+                        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
                 } else {
-                    file.write_all(b"0").map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+                    file.write_all(b"0")
+                        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
                 }
             })
     }
@@ -372,9 +442,11 @@ impl CpuSetController {
         self.open_path("cpuset.memory_migrate", true)
             .and_then(|mut file| {
                 if b {
-                    file.write_all(b"1").map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+                    file.write_all(b"1")
+                        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
                 } else {
-                    file.write_all(b"0").map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+                    file.write_all(b"0")
+                        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
                 }
             })
     }
@@ -385,9 +457,11 @@ impl CpuSetController {
         self.open_path("cpuset.memory_spread_page", true)
             .and_then(|mut file| {
                 if b {
-                    file.write_all(b"1").map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+                    file.write_all(b"1")
+                        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
                 } else {
-                    file.write_all(b"0").map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+                    file.write_all(b"0")
+                        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
                 }
             })
     }
@@ -398,9 +472,11 @@ impl CpuSetController {
         self.open_path("cpuset.memory_spread_slab", true)
             .and_then(|mut file| {
                 if b {
-                    file.write_all(b"1").map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+                    file.write_all(b"1")
+                        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
                 } else {
-                    file.write_all(b"0").map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+                    file.write_all(b"0")
+                        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
                 }
             })
     }
@@ -417,9 +493,11 @@ impl CpuSetController {
         self.open_path("cpuset.memory_pressure_enabled", true)
             .and_then(|mut file| {
                 if b {
-                    file.write_all(b"1").map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+                    file.write_all(b"1")
+                        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
                 } else {
-                    file.write_all(b"0").map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+                    file.write_all(b"0")
+                        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
                 }
             })
     }
@@ -427,7 +505,7 @@ impl CpuSetController {
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
-    use cpuset;
+    use crate::cpuset;
     #[test]
     fn test_parse_range() {
         let test_cases = vec![

src/devices.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 //! This module contains the implementation of the `devices` cgroup subsystem.
 //!
 //! See the Kernel's documentation for more information about this subsystem, found at:
@@ -5,10 +10,12 @@
 use std::io::{Read, Write};
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 
-use error::*;
-use error::ErrorKind::*;
+use log::*;
 
-use {
+use crate::error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::*;
+
+use crate::{
     ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, DeviceResource, DeviceResources,
     Resources, Subsystem,
 };
@@ -25,6 +32,11 @@ pub struct DevicesController {
 
 /// An enum holding the different types of devices that can be manipulated using this controller.
 #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[cfg_attr(
+    feature = "serde",
+    derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize),
+    serde(rename_all = "snake_case")
+)]
 pub enum DeviceType {
     /// The rule applies to all devices.
     All,
@@ -42,6 +54,7 @@ impl Default for DeviceType {
 
 impl DeviceType {
     /// Convert a DeviceType into the character that the kernel recognizes.
+    #[allow(clippy::should_implement_trait, clippy::wrong_self_convention)]
     pub fn to_char(&self) -> char {
         match self {
             DeviceType::All => 'a',
@@ -63,6 +76,11 @@ impl DeviceType {
 
 /// An enum with the permissions that can be allowed/denied to the control group.
 #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[cfg_attr(
+    feature = "serde",
+    derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize),
+    serde(rename_all = "snake_case")
+)]
 pub enum DevicePermissions {
     /// Permission to read from the device.
     Read,
@@ -75,6 +93,7 @@ pub enum DevicePermissions {
 
 impl DevicePermissions {
     /// Convert a DevicePermissions into the character that the kernel recognizes.
+    #[allow(clippy::should_implement_trait, clippy::wrong_self_convention)]
     pub fn to_char(&self) -> char {
         match self {
             DevicePermissions::Read => 'r',
@@ -95,7 +114,7 @@ impl DevicePermissions {
 
     /// Checks whether the string is a valid descriptor of DevicePermissions.
     pub fn is_valid(s: &str) -> bool {
-        if s == "" {
+        if s.is_empty() {
             return false;
         }
         for i in s.chars() {
@@ -103,7 +122,7 @@ impl DevicePermissions {
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        return true;
+        true
     }
 
     /// Returns a Vec will all the permissions that a device can have.
@@ -116,14 +135,14 @@ impl DevicePermissions {
     }
 
     /// Convert a string into DevicePermissions.
+    #[allow(clippy::should_implement_trait)]
     pub fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Vec<DevicePermissions>> {
         let mut v = Vec::new();
-        if s == "" {
+        if s.is_empty() {
             return Ok(v);
         }
         for e in s.chars() {
-            let perm = DevicePermissions::from_char(e)
-                .ok_or_else(|| Error::new(ParseError))?;
+            let perm = DevicePermissions::from_char(e).ok_or_else(|| Error::new(ParseError))?;
             v.push(perm);
         }
 
@@ -149,13 +168,11 @@ impl ControllerInternal for DevicesController {
         // get the resources that apply to this controller
         let res: &DeviceResources = &res.devices;
 
-        if res.update_values {
-            for i in &res.devices {
-                if i.allow {
-                    let _ = self.allow_device(i.devtype, i.major, i.minor, &i.access);
-                } else {
-                    let _ = self.deny_device(i.devtype, i.major, i.minor, &i.access);
-                }
+        for i in &res.devices {
+            if i.allow {
+                let _ = self.allow_device(i.devtype, i.major, i.minor, &i.access);
+            } else {
+                let _ = self.deny_device(i.devtype, i.major, i.minor, &i.access);
             }
         }
 
@@ -176,7 +193,8 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a Subsystem> for &'a DevicesController {
                 Subsystem::Devices(c) => c,
                 _ => {
                     assert_eq!(1, 0);
-                    ::std::mem::uninitialized()
+                    let v = std::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit();
+                    v.assume_init()
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -184,10 +202,8 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a Subsystem> for &'a DevicesController {
 }
 
 impl DevicesController {
-    /// Constructs a new `DevicesController` with `oroot` serving as the root of the control group.
-    pub fn new(oroot: PathBuf) -> Self {
-        let mut root = oroot;
-        root.push(Self::controller_type().to_string());
+    /// Constructs a new `DevicesController` with `root` serving as the root of the control group.
+    pub fn new(root: PathBuf) -> Self {
         Self {
             base: root.clone(),
             path: root,
@@ -203,7 +219,7 @@ impl DevicesController {
         devtype: DeviceType,
         major: i64,
         minor: i64,
-        perm: &Vec<DevicePermissions>,
+        perm: &[DevicePermissions],
     ) -> Result<()> {
         let perms = perm
             .iter()
@@ -235,7 +251,7 @@ impl DevicesController {
         devtype: DeviceType,
         major: i64,
         minor: i64,
-        perm: &Vec<DevicePermissions>,
+        perm: &[DevicePermissions],
     ) -> Result<()> {
         let perms = perm
             .iter()
@@ -271,13 +287,13 @@ impl DevicesController {
                             error!("allowed_devices: acc: {:?}, ls: {:?}", acc, ls);
                             Err(Error::new(ParseError))
                         } else {
-                            let devtype = DeviceType::from_char(ls[0].chars().nth(0));
+                            let devtype = DeviceType::from_char(ls[0].chars().next());
                             let mut major = ls[1].parse::<i64>();
                             let mut minor = ls[2].parse::<i64>();
-                            if major.is_err() && ls[1] == "*".to_string() {
+                            if major.is_err() && ls[1] == "*" {
                                 major = Ok(-1);
                             }
-                            if minor.is_err() && ls[2] == "*".to_string() {
+                            if minor.is_err() && ls[2] == "*" {
                                 minor = Ok(-1);
                             }
                             if devtype.is_none() || major.is_err() || minor.is_err() || !DevicePermissions::is_valid(&ls[3]) {
@@ -292,7 +308,7 @@ impl DevicesController {
                                     devtype: devtype.unwrap(),
                                     major: major.unwrap(),
                                     minor: minor.unwrap(),
-                                    access: access,
+                                    access,
                                 });
                                 Ok(acc)
                             }

src/error.rs

@@ -1,15 +1,27 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+// Copyright (c) 2020 Ant Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 use std::error::Error as StdError;
 use std::fmt;
 
 /// The different types of errors that can occur while manipulating control groups.
 #[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub enum ErrorKind {
+    FsError,
+    Common(String),
+
     /// An error occured while writing to a control group file.
     WriteFailed,
 
     /// An error occured while trying to read from a control group file.
     ReadFailed,
 
+    /// An error occured while trying to remove a control group.
+    RemoveFailed,
+
     /// An error occured while trying to parse a value from a control group file.
     ///
     /// In the future, there will be some information attached to this field.
@@ -27,6 +39,8 @@ pub enum ErrorKind {
     /// This crate checks against this and operations will fail with this error.
     InvalidPath,
 
+    InvalidBytesSize,
+
     /// An unknown error has occured.
     Other,
 }
@@ -34,26 +48,35 @@ pub enum ErrorKind {
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct Error {
     kind: ErrorKind,
-    cause: Option<Box<StdError + Send>>,
+    cause: Option<Box<dyn StdError + Send + Sync>>,
 }
 
 impl fmt::Display for Error {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
-        let msg = match self.kind {
-            ErrorKind::WriteFailed => "unable to write to a control group file",
-            ErrorKind::ReadFailed => "unable to read a control group file",
-            ErrorKind::ParseError => "unable to parse control group file",
-            ErrorKind::InvalidOperation => "the requested operation is invalid",
-            ErrorKind::InvalidPath => "the given path is invalid",
-            ErrorKind::Other => "an unknown error",
+        let msg = match &self.kind {
+            ErrorKind::FsError => "fs error".to_string(),
+            ErrorKind::Common(s) => s.clone(),
+            ErrorKind::WriteFailed => "unable to write to a control group file".to_string(),
+            ErrorKind::ReadFailed => "unable to read a control group file".to_string(),
+            ErrorKind::RemoveFailed => "unable to remove a control group".to_string(),
+            ErrorKind::ParseError => "unable to parse control group file".to_string(),
+            ErrorKind::InvalidOperation => "the requested operation is invalid".to_string(),
+            ErrorKind::InvalidPath => "the given path is invalid".to_string(),
+            ErrorKind::InvalidBytesSize => "invalid bytes size".to_string(),
+            ErrorKind::Other => "an unknown error".to_string(),
         };
 
-        write!(f, "{}", msg)
+        if let Some(cause) = &self.cause {
+            write!(f, "{} caused by: {:?}", msg, cause)
+        } else {
+            write!(f, "{}", msg)
+        }
     }
 }
 
 impl StdError for Error {
-    fn cause(&self) -> Option<&StdError> {
+    fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn StdError> {
+        #[allow(clippy::manual_map)]
         match self.cause {
             Some(ref x) => Some(&**x),
             None => None,
@@ -62,16 +85,19 @@ impl StdError for Error {
 }
 
 impl Error {
-    pub(crate) fn new(kind: ErrorKind) -> Self {
+    pub(crate) fn from_string(s: String) -> Self {
         Self {
-            kind,
+            kind: ErrorKind::Common(s),
             cause: None,
         }
     }
+    pub(crate) fn new(kind: ErrorKind) -> Self {
+        Self { kind, cause: None }
+    }
 
     pub(crate) fn with_cause<E>(kind: ErrorKind, cause: E) -> Self
     where
-        E: 'static + Send + StdError,
+        E: 'static + Send + Sync + StdError,
     {
         Self {
             kind,

src/events.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2020 Ant Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
+use eventfd::{eventfd, EfdFlags};
+use nix::sys::eventfd;
+use std::fs::{self, File};
+use std::io::Read;
+use std::os::unix::io::{AsRawFd, FromRawFd};
+use std::path::Path;
+use std::sync::mpsc::{self, Receiver};
+use std::thread;
+
+use crate::error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::*;
+
+// notify_on_oom returns channel on which you can expect event about OOM,
+// if process died without OOM this channel will be closed.
+pub fn notify_on_oom_v2(key: &str, dir: &Path) -> Result<Receiver<String>> {
+    register_memory_event(key, dir, "memory.oom_control", "")
+}
+
+// notify_on_oom returns channel on which you can expect event about OOM,
+// if process died without OOM this channel will be closed.
+pub fn notify_on_oom_v1(key: &str, dir: &Path) -> Result<Receiver<String>> {
+    register_memory_event(key, dir, "memory.oom_control", "")
+}
+
+// level is one of "low", "medium", or "critical"
+pub fn notify_memory_pressure(key: &str, dir: &Path, level: &str) -> Result<Receiver<String>> {
+    if level != "low" && level != "medium" && level != "critical" {
+        return Err(Error::from_string(format!(
+            "invalid pressure level {}",
+            level
+        )));
+    }
+
+    register_memory_event(key, dir, "memory.pressure_level", level)
+}
+
+fn register_memory_event(
+    key: &str,
+    cg_dir: &Path,
+    event_name: &str,
+    arg: &str,
+) -> Result<Receiver<String>> {
+    let path = cg_dir.join(event_name);
+    let event_file = File::open(path).map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e))?;
+
+    let eventfd =
+        eventfd(0, EfdFlags::EFD_CLOEXEC).map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e))?;
+
+    let event_control_path = cg_dir.join("cgroup.event_control");
+    let data = if arg.is_empty() {
+        format!("{} {}", eventfd, event_file.as_raw_fd())
+    } else {
+        format!("{} {} {}", eventfd, event_file.as_raw_fd(), arg)
+    };
+
+    // write to file and set mode to 0700(FIXME)
+    fs::write(&event_control_path, data).map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))?;
+
+    let mut eventfd_file = unsafe { File::from_raw_fd(eventfd) };
+
+    let (sender, receiver) = mpsc::channel();
+    let key = key.to_string();
+
+    thread::spawn(move || {
+        loop {
+            let mut buf = [0; 8];
+            if eventfd_file.read(&mut buf).is_err() {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // When a cgroup is destroyed, an event is sent to eventfd.
+            // So if the control path is gone, return instead of notifying.
+            if !Path::new(&event_control_path).exists() {
+                return;
+            }
+            sender.send(key.clone()).unwrap();
+        }
+    });
+
+    Ok(receiver)
+}

src/freezer.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+// Copyright (c) 2020 Ant Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 //! This module contains the implementation of the `freezer` cgroup subsystem.
 //!
 //! See the Kernel's documentation for more information about this subsystem, found at:
@@ -5,10 +11,10 @@
 use std::io::{Read, Write};
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 
-use error::*;
-use error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::*;
 
-use {ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, Resources, Subsystem};
+use crate::{ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, Resources, Subsystem};
 
 /// A controller that allows controlling the `freezer` subsystem of a Cgroup.
 ///
@@ -22,9 +28,11 @@ use {ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, Resources, Subsystem};
 pub struct FreezerController {
     base: PathBuf,
     path: PathBuf,
+    v2: bool,
 }
 
 /// The current state of the control group
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub enum FreezerState {
     /// The processes in the control group are _not_ frozen.
     Thawed,
@@ -66,7 +74,8 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a Subsystem> for &'a FreezerController {
                 Subsystem::Freezer(c) => c,
                 _ => {
                     assert_eq!(1, 0);
-                    ::std::mem::uninitialized()
+                    let v = std::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit();
+                    v.assume_init()
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -74,41 +83,59 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a Subsystem> for &'a FreezerController {
 }
 
 impl FreezerController {
-    /// Contructs a new `FreezerController` with `oroot` serving as the root of the control group.
-    pub fn new(oroot: PathBuf) -> Self {
-        let mut root = oroot;
-        root.push(Self::controller_type().to_string());
+    /// Contructs a new `FreezerController` with `root` serving as the root of the control group.
+    pub fn new(root: PathBuf, v2: bool) -> Self {
         Self {
             base: root.clone(),
             path: root,
+            v2,
         }
     }
 
     /// Freezes the processes in the control group.
     pub fn freeze(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.open_path("freezer.state", true).and_then(|mut file| {
-            file.write_all("FROZEN".to_string().as_ref())
+        let mut file = "freezer.state";
+        let mut content = "FROZEN".to_string();
+        if self.v2 {
+            file = "cgroup.freeze";
+            content = "1".to_string();
+        }
+
+        self.open_path(file, true).and_then(|mut file| {
+            file.write_all(content.as_ref())
                 .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
         })
     }
 
     /// Thaws, that is, unfreezes the processes in the control group.
     pub fn thaw(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.open_path("freezer.state", true).and_then(|mut file| {
-            file.write_all("THAWED".to_string().as_ref())
+        let mut file = "freezer.state";
+        let mut content = "THAWED".to_string();
+        if self.v2 {
+            file = "cgroup.freeze";
+            content = "0".to_string();
+        }
+        self.open_path(file, true).and_then(|mut file| {
+            file.write_all(content.as_ref())
                 .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
         })
     }
 
     /// Retrieve the state of processes in the control group.
     pub fn state(&self) -> Result<FreezerState> {
-        self.open_path("freezer.state", false).and_then(|mut file| {
+        let mut file = "freezer.state";
+        if self.v2 {
+            file = "cgroup.freeze";
+        }
+        self.open_path(file, false).and_then(|mut file| {
             let mut s = String::new();
             let res = file.read_to_string(&mut s);
             match res {
-                Ok(_) => match s.as_ref() {
+                Ok(_) => match s.trim() {
                     "FROZEN" => Ok(FreezerState::Frozen),
                     "THAWED" => Ok(FreezerState::Thawed),
+                    "1" => Ok(FreezerState::Frozen),
+                    "0" => Ok(FreezerState::Thawed),
                     "FREEZING" => Ok(FreezerState::Freezing),
                     _ => Err(Error::new(ParseError)),
                 },

src/hierarchies.rs

@@ -1,136 +1,378 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+// Copyright (c) 2020 Ant Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 //! This module represents the various control group hierarchies the Linux kernel supports.
 //!
 //! Currently, we only support the cgroupv1 hierarchy, but in the future we will add support for
 //! the Unified Hierarchy.
 
+use std::fs;
 use std::fs::File;
-use std::io::BufRead;
-use std::io::BufReader;
-use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use std::io::{BufRead, BufReader};
+use std::path::PathBuf;
 
-use blkio::BlkIoController;
-use cpu::CpuController;
-use cpuacct::CpuAcctController;
-use cpuset::CpuSetController;
-use devices::DevicesController;
-use freezer::FreezerController;
-use hugetlb::HugeTlbController;
-use memory::MemController;
-use net_cls::NetClsController;
-use net_prio::NetPrioController;
-use perf_event::PerfEventController;
-use pid::PidController;
-use rdma::RdmaController;
-use {Controllers, Hierarchy, Subsystem};
+use crate::blkio::BlkIoController;
+use crate::cpu::CpuController;
+use crate::cpuacct::CpuAcctController;
+use crate::cpuset::CpuSetController;
+use crate::devices::DevicesController;
+use crate::freezer::FreezerController;
+use crate::hugetlb::HugeTlbController;
+use crate::memory::MemController;
+use crate::net_cls::NetClsController;
+use crate::net_prio::NetPrioController;
+use crate::perf_event::PerfEventController;
+use crate::pid::PidController;
+use crate::rdma::RdmaController;
+use crate::systemd::SystemdController;
+use crate::{Controllers, Hierarchy, Subsystem};
 
-use cgroup::Cgroup;
+use crate::cgroup::Cgroup;
+
+/// Process mounts information.
+///
+/// See `proc(5)` for format details.
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Clone)]
+pub struct Mountinfo {
+    /// Mount pathname relative to the process's root.
+    pub mount_point: PathBuf,
+    /// Filesystem type (main type with optional sub-type).
+    pub fs_type: (String, Option<String>),
+    /// Superblock options.
+    pub super_opts: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn parse_mountinfo_for_line(line: &str) -> Option<Mountinfo> {
+    let s_values: Vec<_> = line.split(" - ").collect();
+    if s_values.len() != 2 {
+        return None;
+    }
+
+    let s0_values: Vec<_> = s_values[0].trim().split(' ').collect();
+    let s1_values: Vec<_> = s_values[1].trim().split(' ').collect();
+    if s0_values.len() < 6 || s1_values.len() < 3 {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let mount_point = PathBuf::from(s0_values[4]);
+    let fs_type_values: Vec<_> = s1_values[0].trim().split('.').collect();
+    let fs_type = match fs_type_values.len() {
+        1 => (fs_type_values[0].to_string(), None),
+        2 => (
+            fs_type_values[0].to_string(),
+            Some(fs_type_values[1].to_string()),
+        ),
+        _ => return None,
+    };
+
+    let super_opts: Vec<String> = s1_values[2].trim().split(',').map(String::from).collect();
+    Some(Mountinfo {
+        mount_point,
+        fs_type,
+        super_opts,
+    })
+}
+
+/// Parses the provided mountinfo file.
+fn mountinfo_file(file: &mut File) -> Vec<Mountinfo> {
+    let mut r = Vec::new();
+    for line in BufReader::new(file).lines() {
+        match line {
+            Ok(line) => {
+                if let Some(mi) = parse_mountinfo_for_line(&line) {
+                    if mi.fs_type.0 == "cgroup" {
+                        r.push(mi);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            Err(_) => break,
+        }
+    }
+    r
+}
+
+/// Returns mounts information for the current process.
+pub fn mountinfo_self() -> Vec<Mountinfo> {
+    match File::open("/proc/self/mountinfo") {
+        Ok(mut file) => mountinfo_file(&mut file),
+        Err(_) => vec![],
+    }
+}
 
 /// The standard, original cgroup implementation. Often referred to as "cgroupv1".
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct V1 {
-    mount_point: String,
+    mountinfo: Vec<Mountinfo>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct V2 {
+    root: String,
 }
 
 impl Hierarchy for V1 {
+    fn v2(&self) -> bool {
+        false
+    }
+
     fn subsystems(&self) -> Vec<Subsystem> {
         let mut subs = vec![];
-        if self.check_support(Controllers::Pids) {
-            subs.push(Subsystem::Pid(PidController::new(self.root())));
+
+        // The cgroup writeback feature requires cooperation between memcgs and blkcgs
+        // To avoid exceptions, we should add_task for blkcg before memcg(push BlkIo before Mem)
+        // For more Information: https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/doc-detail/155509.htm
+        if let Some(root) = self.get_mount_point(Controllers::BlkIo) {
+            subs.push(Subsystem::BlkIo(BlkIoController::new(root, false)));
         }
-        if self.check_support(Controllers::Mem) {
-            subs.push(Subsystem::Mem(MemController::new(self.root())));
+        if let Some(root) = self.get_mount_point(Controllers::Mem) {
+            subs.push(Subsystem::Mem(MemController::new(root, false)));
         }
-        if self.check_support(Controllers::CpuSet) {
-            subs.push(Subsystem::CpuSet(CpuSetController::new(self.root())));
+        if let Some(root) = self.get_mount_point(Controllers::Pids) {
+            subs.push(Subsystem::Pid(PidController::new(root, false)));
         }
-        if self.check_support(Controllers::CpuAcct) {
-            subs.push(Subsystem::CpuAcct(CpuAcctController::new(self.root())));
+        if let Some(root) = self.get_mount_point(Controllers::CpuSet) {
+            subs.push(Subsystem::CpuSet(CpuSetController::new(root, false)));
         }
-        if self.check_support(Controllers::Cpu) {
-            subs.push(Subsystem::Cpu(CpuController::new(self.root())));
+        if let Some(root) = self.get_mount_point(Controllers::CpuAcct) {
+            subs.push(Subsystem::CpuAcct(CpuAcctController::new(root)));
         }
-        if self.check_support(Controllers::Devices) {
-            subs.push(Subsystem::Devices(DevicesController::new(self.root())));
+        if let Some(root) = self.get_mount_point(Controllers::Cpu) {
+            subs.push(Subsystem::Cpu(CpuController::new(root, false)));
         }
-        if self.check_support(Controllers::Freezer) {
-            subs.push(Subsystem::Freezer(FreezerController::new(self.root())));
+        if let Some(root) = self.get_mount_point(Controllers::Devices) {
+            subs.push(Subsystem::Devices(DevicesController::new(root)));
         }
-        if self.check_support(Controllers::NetCls) {
-            subs.push(Subsystem::NetCls(NetClsController::new(self.root())));
+        if let Some(root) = self.get_mount_point(Controllers::Freezer) {
+            subs.push(Subsystem::Freezer(FreezerController::new(root, false)));
         }
-        if self.check_support(Controllers::BlkIo) {
-            subs.push(Subsystem::BlkIo(BlkIoController::new(self.root())));
+        if let Some(root) = self.get_mount_point(Controllers::NetCls) {
+            subs.push(Subsystem::NetCls(NetClsController::new(root)));
         }
-        if self.check_support(Controllers::PerfEvent) {
-            subs.push(Subsystem::PerfEvent(PerfEventController::new(self.root())));
+        if let Some(root) = self.get_mount_point(Controllers::PerfEvent) {
+            subs.push(Subsystem::PerfEvent(PerfEventController::new(root)));
         }
-        if self.check_support(Controllers::NetPrio) {
-            subs.push(Subsystem::NetPrio(NetPrioController::new(self.root())));
+        if let Some(root) = self.get_mount_point(Controllers::NetPrio) {
+            subs.push(Subsystem::NetPrio(NetPrioController::new(root)));
         }
-        if self.check_support(Controllers::HugeTlb) {
-            subs.push(Subsystem::HugeTlb(HugeTlbController::new(self.root())));
+        if let Some(root) = self.get_mount_point(Controllers::HugeTlb) {
+            subs.push(Subsystem::HugeTlb(HugeTlbController::new(root, false)));
         }
-        if self.check_support(Controllers::Rdma) {
-            subs.push(Subsystem::Rdma(RdmaController::new(self.root())));
+        if let Some(root) = self.get_mount_point(Controllers::Rdma) {
+            subs.push(Subsystem::Rdma(RdmaController::new(root)));
+        }
+        if let Some(root) = self.get_mount_point(Controllers::Systemd) {
+            subs.push(Subsystem::Systemd(SystemdController::new(root, false)));
         }
 
         subs
     }
 
     fn root_control_group(&self) -> Cgroup {
-        Cgroup::load(self, "".to_string())
-    }
-
-    fn check_support(&self, sub: Controllers) -> bool {
-        let root = self.root().read_dir().unwrap();
-        for entry in root {
-            if let Ok(entry) = entry {
-                if entry.file_name().into_string().unwrap() == sub.to_string() {
-                    return true;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        return false;
+        Cgroup::load(auto(), "")
     }
 
     fn root(&self) -> PathBuf {
-        PathBuf::from(self.mount_point.clone())
+        self.mountinfo
+            .iter()
+            .find_map(|m| {
+                if m.fs_type.0 == "cgroup" {
+                    return Some(m.mount_point.parent().unwrap());
+                }
+                None
+            })
+            .unwrap()
+            .to_path_buf()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Hierarchy for V2 {
+    fn v2(&self) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+
+    fn subsystems(&self) -> Vec<Subsystem> {
+        let p = format!("{}/{}", UNIFIED_MOUNTPOINT, "cgroup.controllers");
+        let ret = fs::read_to_string(p.as_str());
+        if ret.is_err() {
+            return vec![];
+        }
+
+        let mut subs = vec![];
+
+        let controllers = ret.unwrap().trim().to_string();
+        let mut controller_list: Vec<&str> = controllers.split(' ').collect();
+
+        // The freezer functionality is present in V2, but not as a controller,
+        // but apparently as a core functionality. FreezerController supports
+        // that, but we must explicitly fake the controller here.
+        controller_list.push("freezer");
+
+        for s in controller_list {
+            match s {
+                "cpu" => {
+                    subs.push(Subsystem::Cpu(CpuController::new(self.root(), true)));
+                }
+                "io" => {
+                    subs.push(Subsystem::BlkIo(BlkIoController::new(self.root(), true)));
+                }
+                "cpuset" => {
+                    subs.push(Subsystem::CpuSet(CpuSetController::new(self.root(), true)));
+                }
+                "memory" => {
+                    subs.push(Subsystem::Mem(MemController::new(self.root(), true)));
+                }
+                "pids" => {
+                    subs.push(Subsystem::Pid(PidController::new(self.root(), true)));
+                }
+                "freezer" => {
+                    subs.push(Subsystem::Freezer(FreezerController::new(
+                        self.root(),
+                        true,
+                    )));
+                }
+                "hugetlb" => {
+                    subs.push(Subsystem::HugeTlb(HugeTlbController::new(
+                        self.root(),
+                        true,
+                    )));
+                }
+                _ => {}
+            }
+        }
+
+        subs
+    }
+
+    fn root_control_group(&self) -> Cgroup {
+        Cgroup::load(auto(), "")
+    }
+
+    fn root(&self) -> PathBuf {
+        PathBuf::from(self.root.clone())
     }
 }
 
 impl V1 {
     /// Finds where control groups are mounted to and returns a hierarchy in which control groups
     /// can be created.
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        let mount_point = find_v1_mount().unwrap();
+    pub fn new() -> V1 {
         V1 {
-            mount_point: mount_point,
+            mountinfo: mountinfo_self(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_mount_point(&self, controller: Controllers) -> Option<PathBuf> {
+        self.mountinfo.iter().find_map(|m| {
+            if m.fs_type.0 == "cgroup" && m.super_opts.contains(&controller.to_string()) {
+                return Some(m.mount_point.clone());
+            }
+            None
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for V1 {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
+
+impl V2 {
+    /// Finds where control groups are mounted to and returns a hierarchy in which control groups
+    /// can be created.
+    pub fn new() -> V2 {
+        V2 {
+            root: String::from(UNIFIED_MOUNTPOINT),
         }
     }
 }
 
-fn find_v1_mount() -> Option<String> {
-    // Open mountinfo so we can get a parseable mount list
-    let mountinfo_path = Path::new("/proc/self/mountinfo");
+impl Default for V2 {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
 
-    // If /proc isn't mounted, or something else happens, then bail out
-    if mountinfo_path.exists() == false {
-        return None;
+pub const UNIFIED_MOUNTPOINT: &str = "/sys/fs/cgroup";
+
+#[cfg(any(
+    all(target_os = "linux", not(target_env = "musl")),
+    target_os = "android"
+))]
+pub fn is_cgroup2_unified_mode() -> bool {
+    use nix::sys::statfs;
+
+    let path = std::path::Path::new(UNIFIED_MOUNTPOINT);
+    let fs_stat = statfs::statfs(path);
+    if fs_stat.is_err() {
+        return false;
     }
 
-    let mountinfo_file = File::open(mountinfo_path).unwrap();
-    let mountinfo_reader = BufReader::new(&mountinfo_file);
-    for _line in mountinfo_reader.lines() {
-        let line = _line.unwrap();
-        let mut fields = line.split_whitespace();
-        let index = line.find(" - ").unwrap();
-        let mut more_fields = line[index + 3..].split_whitespace().collect::<Vec<_>>();
-        let fstype = more_fields[0];
-        if fstype == "tmpfs" && more_fields[2].contains("ro") {
-            let cgroups_mount = fields.nth(4).unwrap();
-            info!("found cgroups at {:?}", cgroups_mount);
-            return Some(cgroups_mount.to_string());
+    // FIXME notwork, nix will not compile CGROUP2_SUPER_MAGIC because not(target_env = "musl")
+    fs_stat.unwrap().filesystem_type() == statfs::CGROUP2_SUPER_MAGIC
+}
+
+pub const INIT_CGROUP_PATHS: &str = "/proc/1/cgroup";
+
+#[cfg(all(target_os = "linux", target_env = "musl"))]
+pub fn is_cgroup2_unified_mode() -> bool {
+    let lines = fs::read_to_string(INIT_CGROUP_PATHS);
+    if lines.is_err() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    for line in lines.unwrap().lines() {
+        let fields: Vec<&str> = line.split(':').collect();
+        if fields.len() != 3 {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if fields[0] != "0" {
+            return false;
         }
     }
 
-    None
+    true
+}
+
+pub fn auto() -> Box<dyn Hierarchy> {
+    if is_cgroup2_unified_mode() {
+        Box::new(V2::new())
+    } else {
+        Box::new(V1::new())
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_mount() {
+        let mountinfo = vec![
+            ("29 26 0:26 / /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset,cpu,cpuacct rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime shared:10 - cgroup cgroup rw,cpuset,cpu,cpuacct",
+             Mountinfo{mount_point: PathBuf::from("/sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset,cpu,cpuacct"), fs_type: ("cgroup".to_string(), None), super_opts: vec![
+                "rw".to_string(),
+                "cpuset".to_string(),
+                "cpu".to_string(),
+                "cpuacct".to_string(),
+             ]}),
+            ("121 1731 0:42 / /shm rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime shared:68 master:66 - tmpfs shm rw,size=65536k",
+             Mountinfo{mount_point: PathBuf::from("/shm"), fs_type: ("tmpfs".to_string(), None), super_opts: vec![
+                "rw".to_string(),
+                "size=65536k".to_string(),
+             ]}),
+            ("121 1731 0:42 / /shm rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime shared:68 master:66 - tmpfs.123 shm rw,size=65536k",
+             Mountinfo{mount_point: PathBuf::from("/shm"), fs_type: ("tmpfs".to_string(), Some("123".to_string())), super_opts: vec![
+                "rw".to_string(),
+                "size=65536k".to_string(),
+             ]}),
+        ];
+
+        for mi in mountinfo {
+            let info = parse_mountinfo_for_line(mi.0).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(info, mi.1)
+        }
+    }
 }

src/hugetlb.rs

@@ -1,17 +1,23 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+// Copyright (c) 2020 Ant Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 //! This module contains the implementation of the `hugetlb` cgroup subsystem.
 //!
 //! See the Kernel's documentation for more information about this subsystem, found at:
 //!  [Documentation/cgroup-v1/hugetlb.txt](https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/hugetlb.txt)
-use std::fs::File;
-use std::io::{Read, Write};
+use log::warn;
+use std::io::Write;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 
-use error::*;
-use error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::*;
+use crate::{flat_keyed_to_vec, read_u64_from};
 
-use {
-    ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, HugePageResources, Resources,
-    Subsystem,
+use crate::{
+    ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, HugePageResources, Resources, Subsystem,
 };
 
 /// A controller that allows controlling the `hugetlb` subsystem of a Cgroup.
@@ -22,6 +28,8 @@ use {
 pub struct HugeTlbController {
     base: PathBuf,
     path: PathBuf,
+    sizes: Vec<String>,
+    v2: bool,
 }
 
 impl ControllerInternal for HugeTlbController {
@@ -38,18 +46,21 @@ impl ControllerInternal for HugeTlbController {
         &self.base
     }
 
+    fn is_v2(&self) -> bool {
+        self.v2
+    }
+
     fn apply(&self, res: &Resources) -> Result<()> {
         // get the resources that apply to this controller
         let res: &HugePageResources = &res.hugepages;
 
-        if res.update_values {
-            for i in &res.limits {
-                let _ = self.set_limit_in_bytes(&i.size, i.limit);
-                if self.limit_in_bytes(&i.size)? != i.limit {
-                    return Err(Error::new(Other));
-                }
+        for i in &res.limits {
+            let _ = self.set_limit_in_bytes(&i.size, i.limit);
+            if self.limit_in_bytes(&i.size)? != i.limit {
+                return Err(Error::new(Other));
             }
         }
+
         Ok(())
     }
 }
@@ -67,40 +78,59 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a Subsystem> for &'a HugeTlbController {
                 Subsystem::HugeTlb(c) => c,
                 _ => {
                     assert_eq!(1, 0);
-                    ::std::mem::uninitialized()
+                    let v = std::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit();
+                    v.assume_init()
                 }
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
-fn read_u64_from(mut file: File) -> Result<u64> {
-    let mut string = String::new();
-    match file.read_to_string(&mut string) {
-        Ok(_) => string.trim().parse().map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ParseError, e)),
-        Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
-    }
-}
-
 impl HugeTlbController {
-    /// Constructs a new `HugeTlbController` with `oroot` serving as the root of the control group.
-    pub fn new(oroot: PathBuf) -> Self {
-        let mut root = oroot;
-        root.push(Self::controller_type().to_string());
+    /// Constructs a new `HugeTlbController` with `root` serving as the root of the control group.
+    pub fn new(root: PathBuf, v2: bool) -> Self {
+        let sizes = get_hugepage_sizes();
         Self {
             base: root.clone(),
             path: root,
+            sizes,
+            v2,
         }
     }
 
     /// Whether the system supports `hugetlb_size` hugepages.
-    pub fn size_supported(&self, _hugetlb_size: &str) -> bool {
-        // TODO
-        true
+    pub fn size_supported(&self, hugetlb_size: &str) -> bool {
+        for s in &self.sizes {
+            if s == hugetlb_size {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        false
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_sizes(&self) -> Vec<String> {
+        self.sizes.clone()
+    }
+
+    fn failcnt_v2(&self, hugetlb_size: &str) -> Result<u64> {
+        self.open_path(&format!("hugetlb.{}.events", hugetlb_size), false)
+            .and_then(flat_keyed_to_vec)
+            .and_then(|x| {
+                if x.is_empty() {
+                    return Err(Error::from_string(format!(
+                        "get empty from hugetlb.{}.events",
+                        hugetlb_size
+                    )));
+                }
+                Ok(x[0].1 as u64)
+            })
     }
 
     /// Check how many times has the limit of `hugetlb_size` hugepages been hit.
     pub fn failcnt(&self, hugetlb_size: &str) -> Result<u64> {
+        if self.v2 {
+            return self.failcnt_v2(hugetlb_size);
+        }
         self.open_path(&format!("hugetlb.{}.failcnt", hugetlb_size), false)
             .and_then(read_u64_from)
     }
@@ -115,8 +145,11 @@ impl HugeTlbController {
     /// Get the current usage of memory that is backed by hugepages of a certain size
     /// (`hugetlb_size`).
     pub fn usage_in_bytes(&self, hugetlb_size: &str) -> Result<u64> {
-        self.open_path(&format!("hugetlb.{}.usage_in_bytes", hugetlb_size), false)
-            .and_then(read_u64_from)
+        let mut file = format!("hugetlb.{}.usage_in_bytes", hugetlb_size);
+        if self.v2 {
+            file = format!("hugetlb.{}.current", hugetlb_size);
+        }
+        self.open_path(&file, false).and_then(read_u64_from)
     }
 
     /// Get the maximum observed usage of memory that is backed by hugepages of a certain size
@@ -125,16 +158,146 @@ impl HugeTlbController {
         self.open_path(
             &format!("hugetlb.{}.max_usage_in_bytes", hugetlb_size),
             false,
-        ).and_then(read_u64_from)
+        )
+        .and_then(read_u64_from)
     }
 
     /// Set the limit (in bytes) of how much memory can be backed by hugepages of a certain size
     /// (`hugetlb_size`).
     pub fn set_limit_in_bytes(&self, hugetlb_size: &str, limit: u64) -> Result<()> {
-        self.open_path(&format!("hugetlb.{}.limit_in_bytes", hugetlb_size), true)
-            .and_then(|mut file| {
-                file.write_all(limit.to_string().as_ref())
-                    .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
-            })
+        let mut file = format!("hugetlb.{}.limit_in_bytes", hugetlb_size);
+        if self.v2 {
+            file = format!("hugetlb.{}.max", hugetlb_size);
+        }
+        self.open_path(&file, true).and_then(|mut file| {
+            file.write_all(limit.to_string().as_ref())
+                .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+        })
     }
 }
+
+pub const HUGEPAGESIZE_DIR: &str = "/sys/kernel/mm/hugepages";
+use regex::Regex;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::fs;
+
+fn get_hugepage_sizes() -> Vec<String> {
+    let dirs = fs::read_dir(HUGEPAGESIZE_DIR);
+    if dirs.is_err() {
+        return Vec::new();
+    }
+
+    dirs.unwrap()
+        .filter_map(|e| {
+            let entry = e.map_err(|e| warn!("readdir error: {:?}", e)).ok()?;
+            let name = entry.file_name().into_string().unwrap();
+            let parts: Vec<&str> = name.split('-').collect();
+            if parts.len() != 2 {
+                return None;
+            }
+            let bmap = get_binary_size_map();
+            let size = parse_size(parts[1], &bmap)
+                .map_err(|e| warn!("parse_size error: {:?}", e))
+                .ok()?;
+            let dabbrs = get_decimal_abbrs();
+
+            Some(custom_size(size as f64, 1024.0, &dabbrs))
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
+
+pub const KB: u128 = 1000;
+pub const MB: u128 = 1000 * KB;
+pub const GB: u128 = 1000 * MB;
+pub const TB: u128 = 1000 * GB;
+pub const PB: u128 = 1000 * TB;
+
+#[allow(non_upper_case_globals)]
+pub const KiB: u128 = 1024;
+#[allow(non_upper_case_globals)]
+pub const MiB: u128 = 1024 * KiB;
+#[allow(non_upper_case_globals)]
+pub const GiB: u128 = 1024 * MiB;
+#[allow(non_upper_case_globals)]
+pub const TiB: u128 = 1024 * GiB;
+#[allow(non_upper_case_globals)]
+pub const PiB: u128 = 1024 * TiB;
+
+pub fn get_binary_size_map() -> HashMap<String, u128> {
+    let mut m = HashMap::new();
+    m.insert("k".to_string(), KiB);
+    m.insert("m".to_string(), MiB);
+    m.insert("g".to_string(), GiB);
+    m.insert("t".to_string(), TiB);
+    m.insert("p".to_string(), PiB);
+    m
+}
+
+pub fn get_decimal_size_map() -> HashMap<String, u128> {
+    let mut m = HashMap::new();
+    m.insert("k".to_string(), KB);
+    m.insert("m".to_string(), MB);
+    m.insert("g".to_string(), GB);
+    m.insert("t".to_string(), TB);
+    m.insert("p".to_string(), PB);
+    m
+}
+
+pub fn get_decimal_abbrs() -> Vec<String> {
+    let m = vec![
+        "B".to_string(),
+        "KB".to_string(),
+        "MB".to_string(),
+        "GB".to_string(),
+        "TB".to_string(),
+        "PB".to_string(),
+        "EB".to_string(),
+        "ZB".to_string(),
+        "YB".to_string(),
+    ];
+    m
+}
+
+fn parse_size(s: &str, m: &HashMap<String, u128>) -> Result<u128> {
+    let re = Regex::new(r"(?P<num>\d+)(?P<mul>[kKmMgGtTpP]?)[bB]?$");
+
+    if re.is_err() {
+        return Err(Error::new(InvalidBytesSize));
+    }
+    let caps = re.unwrap().captures(s).unwrap();
+
+    let num = caps.name("num");
+    let size: u128 = if let Some(num) = num {
+        let n = num.as_str().trim().parse::<u128>();
+        if n.is_err() {
+            return Err(Error::new(InvalidBytesSize));
+        }
+        n.unwrap()
+    } else {
+        return Err(Error::new(InvalidBytesSize));
+    };
+
+    let q = caps.name("mul");
+    let mul: u128 = if let Some(q) = q {
+        let t = m.get(q.as_str());
+        if let Some(t) = t {
+            *t
+        } else {
+            return Err(Error::new(InvalidBytesSize));
+        }
+    } else {
+        return Err(Error::new(InvalidBytesSize));
+    };
+
+    Ok(size * mul)
+}
+
+fn custom_size(mut size: f64, base: f64, m: &[String]) -> String {
+    let mut i = 0;
+    while size >= base && i < m.len() - 1 {
+        size /= base;
+        i += 1;
+    }
+
+    format!("{}{}", size, m[i].as_str())
+}

src/lib.rs

@@ -1,17 +1,47 @@
-#[macro_use]
-extern crate log;
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+// Copyright (c) 2020 Ant Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
 
-use std::fs::File;
-use std::io::{BufRead, BufReader, Write};
+#![allow(clippy::unnecessary_unwrap)]
+use log::*;
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::fmt;
+use std::fs::{self, File};
+use std::io::{BufRead, BufReader, Read, Write};
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use std::str::FromStr;
+
+macro_rules! update_and_test {
+    ($self: ident, $set_func:ident, $value:expr, $get_func:ident) => {
+        if let Some(v) = $value {
+            $self.$set_func(v)?;
+            if $self.$get_func()? != v {
+                return Err(Error::new(Other));
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! update {
+    ($self: ident, $set_func:ident, $value:expr) => {
+        if let Some(v) = $value {
+            let _ = $self.$set_func(v);
+        }
+    };
+}
 
 pub mod blkio;
 pub mod cgroup;
+pub mod cgroup_builder;
 pub mod cpu;
 pub mod cpuacct;
 pub mod cpuset;
 pub mod devices;
 pub mod error;
+pub mod events;
 pub mod freezer;
 pub mod hierarchies;
 pub mod hugetlb;
@@ -21,27 +51,30 @@ pub mod net_prio;
 pub mod perf_event;
 pub mod pid;
 pub mod rdma;
-pub mod cgroup_builder;
+pub mod systemd;
 
-use blkio::BlkIoController;
-use cpu::CpuController;
-use cpuacct::CpuAcctController;
-use cpuset::CpuSetController;
-use devices::DevicesController;
-use error::*;
-use freezer::FreezerController;
-use hugetlb::HugeTlbController;
-use memory::MemController;
-use net_cls::NetClsController;
-use net_prio::NetPrioController;
-use perf_event::PerfEventController;
-use pid::PidController;
-use rdma::RdmaController;
+use crate::blkio::BlkIoController;
+use crate::cpu::CpuController;
+use crate::cpuacct::CpuAcctController;
+use crate::cpuset::CpuSetController;
+use crate::devices::DevicesController;
+use crate::error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::*;
+use crate::freezer::FreezerController;
+use crate::hugetlb::HugeTlbController;
+use crate::memory::MemController;
+use crate::net_cls::NetClsController;
+use crate::net_prio::NetPrioController;
+use crate::perf_event::PerfEventController;
+use crate::pid::PidController;
+use crate::rdma::RdmaController;
+use crate::systemd::SystemdController;
 
-pub use cgroup::Cgroup;
+#[doc(inline)]
+pub use crate::cgroup::Cgroup;
 
 /// Contains all the subsystems that are available in this crate.
-#[derive(Debug)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub enum Subsystem {
     /// Controller for the `Pid` subsystem, see `PidController` for more information.
     Pid(PidController),
@@ -69,10 +102,12 @@ pub enum Subsystem {
     HugeTlb(HugeTlbController),
     /// Controller for the `Rdma` subsystem, see `RdmaController` for more information.
     Rdma(RdmaController),
+    /// Controller for the `Systemd` subsystem, see `SystemdController` for more information.
+    Systemd(SystemdController),
 }
 
 #[doc(hidden)]
-#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Debug)]
+#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Debug, Clone)]
 pub enum Controllers {
     Pids,
     Mem,
@@ -87,24 +122,26 @@ pub enum Controllers {
     NetPrio,
     HugeTlb,
     Rdma,
+    Systemd,
 }
 
-impl Controllers {
-    pub fn to_string(&self) -> String {
+impl fmt::Display for Controllers {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         match self {
-            Controllers::Pids => return "pids".to_string(),
-            Controllers::Mem => return "memory".to_string(),
-            Controllers::CpuSet => return "cpuset".to_string(),
-            Controllers::CpuAcct => return "cpuacct".to_string(),
-            Controllers::Cpu => return "cpu".to_string(),
-            Controllers::Devices => return "devices".to_string(),
-            Controllers::Freezer => return "freezer".to_string(),
-            Controllers::NetCls => return "net_cls".to_string(),
-            Controllers::BlkIo => return "blkio".to_string(),
-            Controllers::PerfEvent => return "perf_event".to_string(),
-            Controllers::NetPrio => return "net_prio".to_string(),
-            Controllers::HugeTlb => return "hugetlb".to_string(),
-            Controllers::Rdma => return "rdma".to_string(),
+            Controllers::Pids => write!(f, "pids"),
+            Controllers::Mem => write!(f, "memory"),
+            Controllers::CpuSet => write!(f, "cpuset"),
+            Controllers::CpuAcct => write!(f, "cpuacct"),
+            Controllers::Cpu => write!(f, "cpu"),
+            Controllers::Devices => write!(f, "devices"),
+            Controllers::Freezer => write!(f, "freezer"),
+            Controllers::NetCls => write!(f, "net_cls"),
+            Controllers::BlkIo => write!(f, "blkio"),
+            Controllers::PerfEvent => write!(f, "perf_event"),
+            Controllers::NetPrio => write!(f, "net_prio"),
+            Controllers::HugeTlb => write!(f, "hugetlb"),
+            Controllers::Rdma => write!(f, "rdma"),
+            Controllers::Systemd => write!(f, "name=systemd"),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -121,6 +158,13 @@ mod sealed {
         fn get_path_mut(&mut self) -> &mut PathBuf;
         fn get_base(&self) -> &PathBuf;
 
+        /// Hooks running after controller crated, if have
+        fn post_create(&self) {}
+
+        fn is_v2(&self) -> bool {
+            false
+        }
+
         fn verify_path(&self) -> Result<()> {
             if self.get_path().starts_with(self.get_base()) {
                 Ok(())
@@ -137,30 +181,59 @@ mod sealed {
 
             if w {
                 match File::create(&path) {
-                    Err(e) => return Err(Error::with_cause(ErrorKind::WriteFailed, e)),
-                    Ok(file) => return Ok(file),
+                    Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ErrorKind::WriteFailed, e)),
+                    Ok(file) => Ok(file),
                 }
             } else {
                 match File::open(&path) {
-                    Err(e) => return Err(Error::with_cause(ErrorKind::ReadFailed, e)),
-                    Ok(file) => return Ok(file),
+                    Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ErrorKind::ReadFailed, e)),
+                    Ok(file) => Ok(file),
                 }
             }
         }
 
+        fn get_max_value(&self, f: &str) -> Result<MaxValue> {
+            self.open_path(f, false).and_then(|mut file| {
+                let mut string = String::new();
+                let res = file.read_to_string(&mut string);
+                match res {
+                    Ok(_) => parse_max_value(&string),
+                    Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
+                }
+            })
+        }
+
         #[doc(hidden)]
         fn path_exists(&self, p: &str) -> bool {
-            if let Err(_) = self.verify_path() {
+            if self.verify_path().is_err() {
                 return false;
             }
 
             std::path::Path::new(p).exists()
         }
+    }
 
+    pub trait CustomizedAttribute: ControllerInternal {
+        fn set(&self, key: &str, value: &str) -> Result<()> {
+            self.open_path(key, true).and_then(|mut file| {
+                file.write_all(value.as_ref())
+                    .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+            })
+        }
+
+        fn get(&self, key: &str) -> Result<String> {
+            self.open_path(key, false).and_then(|mut file: File| {
+                let mut string = String::new();
+                match file.read_to_string(&mut string) {
+                    Ok(_) => Ok(string.trim().to_owned()),
+                    Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
+                }
+            })
+        }
     }
 }
 
-pub(crate) use sealed::ControllerInternal;
+pub(crate) use crate::sealed::{ControllerInternal, CustomizedAttribute};
 
 /// A Controller is a subsystem attached to the control group.
 ///
@@ -182,17 +255,31 @@ pub trait Controller {
     /// Does this controller already exist?
     fn exists(&self) -> bool;
 
+    /// Set notify_on_release
+    fn set_notify_on_release(&self, enable: bool) -> Result<()>;
+
+    /// Set release_agent
+    fn set_release_agent(&self, path: &str) -> Result<()>;
+
     /// Delete the controller.
-    fn delete(&self);
+    fn delete(&self) -> Result<()>;
 
     /// Attach a task to this controller.
     fn add_task(&self, pid: &CgroupPid) -> Result<()>;
 
+    /// Attach a task to this controller.
+    fn add_task_by_tgid(&self, pid: &CgroupPid) -> Result<()>;
+
     /// Get the list of tasks that this controller has.
     fn tasks(&self) -> Vec<CgroupPid>;
+
+    fn v2(&self) -> bool;
 }
 
-impl<T> Controller for T where T: ControllerInternal {
+impl<T> Controller for T
+where
+    T: ControllerInternal,
+{
     fn control_type(&self) -> Controllers {
         ControllerInternal::control_type(self)
     }
@@ -209,29 +296,76 @@ impl<T> Controller for T where T: ControllerInternal {
 
     /// Create this controller
     fn create(&self) {
-        self.verify_path().expect("path should be valid");
+        self.verify_path()
+            .unwrap_or_else(|_| panic!("path should be valid: {:?}", self.path()));
 
-        match ::std::fs::create_dir(self.get_path()) {
-            Ok(_) => (),
-            Err(e) => warn!("error create_dir {:?}", e),
+        match ::std::fs::create_dir_all(self.get_path()) {
+            Ok(_) => self.post_create(),
+            Err(e) => warn!("error create_dir: {:?} error: {:?}", self.get_path(), e),
         }
     }
 
+    /// Set notify_on_release
+    fn set_notify_on_release(&self, enable: bool) -> Result<()> {
+        self.open_path("notify_on_release", true)
+            .and_then(|mut file| {
+                write!(file, "{}", enable as i32)
+                    .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ErrorKind::WriteFailed, e))
+            })
+    }
+
+    /// Set release_agent
+    fn set_release_agent(&self, path: &str) -> Result<()> {
+        self.open_path("release_agent", true).and_then(|mut file| {
+            file.write_all(path.as_bytes())
+                .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ErrorKind::WriteFailed, e))
+        })
+    }
     /// Does this controller already exist?
     fn exists(&self) -> bool {
         self.get_path().exists()
     }
 
     /// Delete the controller.
-    fn delete(&self) {
-        if self.get_path().exists() {
-            let _ = ::std::fs::remove_dir(self.get_path());
+    fn delete(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        if !self.get_path().exists() {
+            return Ok(());
         }
+
+        // Compatible with runC for remove dir operation
+        // https://github.com/opencontainers/runc/blob/main/libcontainer/cgroups/utils.go#L272
+        //
+        // We trying to remove all paths five times with increasing delay between tries.
+        // If after all there are not removed cgroups - appropriate error will be
+        // returned.
+        let mut delay = std::time::Duration::from_millis(10);
+        let cgroup_path = self.get_path();
+        for _i in 0..4 {
+            if let Ok(()) = remove_dir(cgroup_path) {
+                return Ok(());
+            }
+            std::thread::sleep(delay);
+            delay *= 2;
+        }
+
+        remove_dir(cgroup_path)
     }
 
     /// Attach a task to this controller.
     fn add_task(&self, pid: &CgroupPid) -> Result<()> {
-        self.open_path("tasks", true).and_then(|mut file| {
+        let mut file = "tasks";
+        if self.is_v2() {
+            file = "cgroup.procs";
+        }
+        self.open_path(file, true).and_then(|mut file| {
+            file.write_all(pid.pid.to_string().as_ref())
+                .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ErrorKind::WriteFailed, e))
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Attach a task to this controller by thread group id.
+    fn add_task_by_tgid(&self, pid: &CgroupPid) -> Result<()> {
+        self.open_path("cgroup.procs", true).and_then(|mut file| {
             file.write_all(pid.pid.to_string().as_ref())
                 .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ErrorKind::WriteFailed, e))
         })
@@ -239,19 +373,53 @@ impl<T> Controller for T where T: ControllerInternal {
 
     /// Get the list of tasks that this controller has.
     fn tasks(&self) -> Vec<CgroupPid> {
-        self.open_path("tasks", false)
-            .and_then(|file| {
+        let mut file = "tasks";
+        if self.is_v2() {
+            file = "cgroup.procs";
+        }
+        self.open_path(file, false)
+            .map(|file| {
                 let bf = BufReader::new(file);
                 let mut v = Vec::new();
                 for line in bf.lines() {
-                    if let Ok(line) = line {
-                        let n = line.trim().parse().unwrap_or(0u64);
-                        v.push(n);
+                    match line {
+                        Ok(line) => {
+                            let n = line.trim().parse().unwrap_or(0u64);
+                            v.push(n);
+                        }
+                        Err(_) => break,
                     }
                 }
-                Ok(v.into_iter().map(CgroupPid::from).collect())
-            }).unwrap_or(vec![])
+                v.into_iter().map(CgroupPid::from).collect()
+            })
+            .unwrap_or_default()
     }
+
+    fn v2(&self) -> bool {
+        self.is_v2()
+    }
+}
+
+// remove_dir aims to remove cgroup path. It does so recursively,
+// by removing any subdirectories (sub-cgroups) first.
+fn remove_dir(dir: &Path) -> Result<()> {
+    // try the fast path first.
+    if fs::remove_dir(dir).is_ok() {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+
+    if dir.exists() && dir.is_dir() {
+        for entry in fs::read_dir(dir).map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e))? {
+            let entry = entry.map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e))?;
+            let path = entry.path();
+            if path.is_dir() {
+                remove_dir(&path)?;
+            }
+        }
+        fs::remove_dir(dir).map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(RemoveFailed, e))?;
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 #[doc(hidden)]
@@ -261,7 +429,7 @@ pub trait ControllIdentifier {
 
 /// Control group hierarchy (right now, only V1 is supported, but in the future Unified will be
 /// implemented as well).
-pub trait Hierarchy {
+pub trait Hierarchy: std::fmt::Debug + Send + Sync {
     /// Returns what subsystems are supported by the hierarchy.
     fn subsystems(&self) -> Vec<Subsystem>;
 
@@ -271,102 +439,113 @@ pub trait Hierarchy {
     /// Return a handle to the root control group in the hierarchy.
     fn root_control_group(&self) -> Cgroup;
 
-    /// Checks whether a certain subsystem is supported in the hierarchy.
-    ///
-    /// This is an internal function and should not be used.
-    #[doc(hidden)]
-    fn check_support(&self, sub: Controllers) -> bool;
+    fn v2(&self) -> bool;
 }
 
 /// Resource limits for the memory subsystem.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Default)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct MemoryResources {
-    /// Whether values should be applied to the controller.
-    pub update_values: bool,
     /// How much memory (in bytes) can the kernel consume.
-    pub kernel_memory_limit: u64,
+    pub kernel_memory_limit: Option<i64>,
     /// Upper limit of memory usage of the control group's tasks.
-    pub memory_hard_limit: u64,
+    pub memory_hard_limit: Option<i64>,
     /// How much memory the tasks in the control group can use when the system is under memory
     /// pressure.
-    pub memory_soft_limit: u64,
+    pub memory_soft_limit: Option<i64>,
     /// How much of the kernel's memory (in bytes) can be used for TCP-related buffers.
-    pub kernel_tcp_memory_limit: u64,
+    pub kernel_tcp_memory_limit: Option<i64>,
     /// How much memory and swap together can the tasks in the control group use.
-    pub memory_swap_limit: u64,
+    pub memory_swap_limit: Option<i64>,
     /// Controls the tendency of the kernel to swap out parts of the address space of the tasks to
     /// disk. Lower value implies less likely.
     ///
     /// Note, however, that a value of zero does not mean the process is never swapped out. Use the
     /// traditional `mlock(2)` system call for that purpose.
-    pub swappiness: u64,
+    pub swappiness: Option<u64>,
+    /// Customized key-value attributes
+    ///
+    /// # Usage:
+    /// ```
+    /// let resource = &mut cgroups_rs::Resources::default();
+    /// resource.memory.attrs.insert("memory.numa_balancing".to_string(), "true".to_string());
+    /// // apply here
+    /// ```
+    pub attrs: HashMap<String, String>,
 }
 
 /// Resources limits on the number of processes.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Default)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct PidResources {
-    /// Whether values should be applied to the controller.
-    pub update_values: bool,
     /// The maximum number of processes that can exist in the control group.
     ///
     /// Note that attaching processes to the control group will still succeed _even_ if the limit
     /// would be violated, however forks/clones inside the control group will have with `EAGAIN` if
     /// they would violate the limit set here.
-    pub maximum_number_of_processes: pid::PidMax,
+    pub maximum_number_of_processes: Option<MaxValue>,
 }
 
 /// Resources limits about how the tasks can use the CPU.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Default)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct CpuResources {
-    /// Whether values should be applied to the controller.
-    pub update_values: bool,
     // cpuset
     /// A comma-separated list of CPU IDs where the task in the control group can run. Dashes
     /// between numbers indicate ranges.
-    pub cpus: String,
+    pub cpus: Option<String>,
     /// Same syntax as the `cpus` field of this structure, but applies to memory nodes instead of
     /// processors.
-    pub mems: String,
+    pub mems: Option<String>,
     // cpu
     /// Weight of how much of the total CPU time should this control group get. Note that this is
     /// hierarchical, so this is weighted against the siblings of this control group.
-    pub shares: u64,
+    pub shares: Option<u64>,
     /// In one `period`, how much can the tasks run in nanoseconds.
-    pub quota: i64,
+    pub quota: Option<i64>,
     /// Period of time in nanoseconds.
-    pub period: u64,
+    pub period: Option<u64>,
     /// This is currently a no-operation.
-    pub realtime_runtime: i64,
+    pub realtime_runtime: Option<i64>,
     /// This is currently a no-operation.
-    pub realtime_period: u64,
+    pub realtime_period: Option<u64>,
+    /// Customized key-value attributes
+    /// # Usage:
+    /// ```
+    /// let resource = &mut cgroups_rs::Resources::default();
+    /// resource.cpu.attrs.insert("cpu.cfs_init_buffer_us".to_string(), "10".to_string());
+    /// // apply here
+    /// ```
+    pub attrs: HashMap<String, String>,
 }
 
 /// A device resource that can be allowed or denied access to.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Default)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct DeviceResource {
     /// If true, access to the device is allowed, otherwise it's denied.
     pub allow: bool,
     /// `'c'` for character device, `'b'` for block device; or `'a'` for all devices.
-    pub devtype: ::devices::DeviceType,
+    pub devtype: crate::devices::DeviceType,
     /// The major number of the device.
     pub major: i64,
     /// The minor number of the device.
     pub minor: i64,
     /// Sequence of `'r'`, `'w'` or `'m'`, each denoting read, write or mknod permissions.
-    pub access: Vec<::devices::DevicePermissions>,
+    pub access: Vec<crate::devices::DevicePermissions>,
 }
 
 /// Limit the usage of devices for the control group's tasks.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Default)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct DeviceResources {
-    /// Whether values should be applied to the controller.
-    pub update_values: bool,
     /// For each device in the list, the limits in the structure are applied.
     pub devices: Vec<DeviceResource>,
 }
 
 /// Assigned priority for a network device.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Default)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct NetworkPriority {
     /// The name (as visible in `ifconfig`) of the interface.
     pub name: String,
@@ -377,19 +556,19 @@ pub struct NetworkPriority {
 /// Collections of limits and tags that can be imposed on packets emitted by the tasks in the
 /// control group.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Default)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct NetworkResources {
-    /// Whether values should be applied to the controller.
-    pub update_values: bool,
     /// The networking class identifier to attach to the packets.
     ///
     /// This can then later be used in iptables and such to have special rules.
-    pub class_id: u64,
+    pub class_id: Option<u64>,
     /// Priority of the egress traffic for each interface.
     pub priorities: Vec<NetworkPriority>,
 }
 
 /// A hugepage type and its consumption limit for the control group.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Default)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct HugePageResource {
     /// The size of the hugepage, i.e. `2MB`, `1GB`, etc.
     pub size: String,
@@ -400,28 +579,29 @@ pub struct HugePageResource {
 
 /// Provides the ability to set consumption limit on each type of hugepages.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Default)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct HugePageResources {
-    /// Whether values should be applied to the controller.
-    pub update_values: bool,
     /// Set a limit of consumption for each hugepages type.
     pub limits: Vec<HugePageResource>,
 }
 
 /// Weight for a particular block device.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Default)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct BlkIoDeviceResource {
     /// The major number of the device.
     pub major: u64,
     /// The minor number of the device.
     pub minor: u64,
     /// The weight of the device against the descendant nodes.
-    pub weight: u16,
+    pub weight: Option<u16>,
     /// The weight of the device against the sibling nodes.
-    pub leaf_weight: u16,
+    pub leaf_weight: Option<u16>,
 }
 
 /// Provides the ability to throttle a device (both byte/sec, and IO op/s)
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Default)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct BlkIoDeviceThrottleResource {
     /// The major number of the device.
     pub major: u64,
@@ -433,13 +613,12 @@ pub struct BlkIoDeviceThrottleResource {
 
 /// General block I/O resource limits.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Default)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct BlkIoResources {
-    /// Whether values should be applied to the controller.
-    pub update_values: bool,
     /// The weight of the control group against descendant nodes.
-    pub weight: u16,
+    pub weight: Option<u16>,
     /// The weight of the control group against sibling nodes.
-    pub leaf_weight: u16,
+    pub leaf_weight: Option<u16>,
     /// For each device, a separate weight (both normal and leaf) can be provided.
     pub weight_device: Vec<BlkIoDeviceResource>,
     /// Throttled read bytes/second can be provided for each device.
@@ -450,10 +629,20 @@ pub struct BlkIoResources {
     pub throttle_write_bps_device: Vec<BlkIoDeviceThrottleResource>,
     /// Throttled write IO operations per second can be provided for each device.
     pub throttle_write_iops_device: Vec<BlkIoDeviceThrottleResource>,
+
+    /// Customized key-value attributes
+    /// # Usage:
+    /// ```
+    /// let resource = &mut cgroups_rs::Resources::default();
+    /// resource.blkio.attrs.insert("io.cost.weight".to_string(), "10".to_string());
+    /// // apply here
+    /// ```
+    pub attrs: HashMap<String, String>,
 }
 
 /// The resource limits and constraints that will be set on the control group.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Default)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct Resources {
     /// Memory usage related limits.
     pub memory: MemoryResources,
@@ -494,75 +683,66 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a std::process::Child> for CgroupPid {
 impl Subsystem {
     fn enter(self, path: &Path) -> Self {
         match self {
-            Subsystem::Pid(cont) => Subsystem::Pid({
-                let mut c = cont.clone();
-                c.get_path_mut().push(path);
-                c
+            Subsystem::Pid(mut cont) => Subsystem::Pid({
+                cont.get_path_mut().push(path);
+                cont
             }),
-            Subsystem::Mem(cont) => Subsystem::Mem({
-                let mut c = cont.clone();
-                c.get_path_mut().push(path);
-                c
+            Subsystem::Mem(mut cont) => Subsystem::Mem({
+                cont.get_path_mut().push(path);
+                cont
             }),
-            Subsystem::CpuSet(cont) => Subsystem::CpuSet({
-                let mut c = cont.clone();
-                c.get_path_mut().push(path);
-                c
+            Subsystem::CpuSet(mut cont) => Subsystem::CpuSet({
+                cont.get_path_mut().push(path);
+                cont
             }),
-            Subsystem::CpuAcct(cont) => Subsystem::CpuAcct({
-                let mut c = cont.clone();
-                c.get_path_mut().push(path);
-                c
+            Subsystem::CpuAcct(mut cont) => Subsystem::CpuAcct({
+                cont.get_path_mut().push(path);
+                cont
             }),
-            Subsystem::Cpu(cont) => Subsystem::Cpu({
-                let mut c = cont.clone();
-                c.get_path_mut().push(path);
-                c
+            Subsystem::Cpu(mut cont) => Subsystem::Cpu({
+                cont.get_path_mut().push(path);
+                cont
             }),
-            Subsystem::Devices(cont) => Subsystem::Devices({
-                let mut c = cont.clone();
-                c.get_path_mut().push(path);
-                c
+            Subsystem::Devices(mut cont) => Subsystem::Devices({
+                cont.get_path_mut().push(path);
+                cont
             }),
-            Subsystem::Freezer(cont) => Subsystem::Freezer({
-                let mut c = cont.clone();
-                c.get_path_mut().push(path);
-                c
+            Subsystem::Freezer(mut cont) => Subsystem::Freezer({
+                cont.get_path_mut().push(path);
+                cont
             }),
-            Subsystem::NetCls(cont) => Subsystem::NetCls({
-                let mut c = cont.clone();
-                c.get_path_mut().push(path);
-                c
+            Subsystem::NetCls(mut cont) => Subsystem::NetCls({
+                cont.get_path_mut().push(path);
+                cont
             }),
-            Subsystem::BlkIo(cont) => Subsystem::BlkIo({
-                let mut c = cont.clone();
-                c.get_path_mut().push(path);
-                c
+            Subsystem::BlkIo(mut cont) => Subsystem::BlkIo({
+                cont.get_path_mut().push(path);
+                cont
             }),
-            Subsystem::PerfEvent(cont) => Subsystem::PerfEvent({
-                let mut c = cont.clone();
-                c.get_path_mut().push(path);
-                c
+            Subsystem::PerfEvent(mut cont) => Subsystem::PerfEvent({
+                cont.get_path_mut().push(path);
+                cont
             }),
-            Subsystem::NetPrio(cont) => Subsystem::NetPrio({
-                let mut c = cont.clone();
-                c.get_path_mut().push(path);
-                c
+            Subsystem::NetPrio(mut cont) => Subsystem::NetPrio({
+                cont.get_path_mut().push(path);
+                cont
             }),
-            Subsystem::HugeTlb(cont) => Subsystem::HugeTlb({
-                let mut c = cont.clone();
-                c.get_path_mut().push(path);
-                c
+            Subsystem::HugeTlb(mut cont) => Subsystem::HugeTlb({
+                cont.get_path_mut().push(path);
+                cont
             }),
-            Subsystem::Rdma(cont) => Subsystem::Rdma({
-                let mut c = cont.clone();
-                c.get_path_mut().push(path);
-                c
+            Subsystem::Rdma(mut cont) => Subsystem::Rdma({
+                cont.get_path_mut().push(path);
+                cont
+            }),
+            Subsystem::Systemd(mut cont) => Subsystem::Systemd({
+                cont.get_path_mut().push(path);
+                cont
             }),
         }
     }
 
-    fn to_controller(&self) -> &dyn Controller {
+    pub fn to_controller(&self) -> &dyn Controller {
         match self {
             Subsystem::Pid(cont) => cont,
             Subsystem::Mem(cont) => cont,
@@ -577,6 +757,158 @@ impl Subsystem {
             Subsystem::NetPrio(cont) => cont,
             Subsystem::HugeTlb(cont) => cont,
             Subsystem::Rdma(cont) => cont,
+            Subsystem::Systemd(cont) => cont,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn controller_name(&self) -> String {
+        self.to_controller().control_type().to_string()
+    }
+}
+
+/// The values for `memory.hight` or `pids.max`
+#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Copy, Clone, Debug)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
+pub enum MaxValue {
+    /// This value is returned when the text is `"max"`.
+    Max,
+    /// When the value is a numerical value, they are returned via this enum field.
+    Value(i64),
+}
+
+impl Default for MaxValue {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        MaxValue::Max
+    }
+}
+
+impl MaxValue {
+    #[allow(clippy::should_implement_trait, clippy::wrong_self_convention)]
+    fn to_i64(&self) -> i64 {
+        match self {
+            MaxValue::Max => -1,
+            MaxValue::Value(num) => *num,
         }
     }
 }
+
+impl fmt::Display for MaxValue {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            MaxValue::Max => write!(f, "max"),
+            MaxValue::Value(num) => write!(f, "{}", num),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn parse_max_value(s: &str) -> Result<MaxValue> {
+    if s.trim() == "max" {
+        return Ok(MaxValue::Max);
+    }
+    match s.trim().parse() {
+        Ok(val) => Ok(MaxValue::Value(val)),
+        Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ParseError, e)),
+    }
+}
+
+// Flat keyed
+//  KEY0 VAL0\n
+//  KEY1 VAL1\n
+pub fn flat_keyed_to_vec(mut file: File) -> Result<Vec<(String, i64)>> {
+    let mut content = String::new();
+    file.read_to_string(&mut content)
+        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e))?;
+
+    let mut v = Vec::new();
+    for line in content.lines() {
+        let parts: Vec<&str> = line.split(' ').collect();
+        if parts.len() == 2 {
+            if let Ok(i) = parts[1].parse::<i64>() {
+                v.push((parts[0].to_string(), i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(v)
+}
+
+// Flat keyed
+//  KEY0 VAL0\n
+//  KEY1 VAL1\n
+pub fn flat_keyed_to_hashmap(mut file: File) -> Result<HashMap<String, i64>> {
+    let mut content = String::new();
+    file.read_to_string(&mut content)
+        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e))?;
+
+    let mut h = HashMap::new();
+    for line in content.lines() {
+        let parts: Vec<&str> = line.split(' ').collect();
+        if parts.len() == 2 {
+            if let Ok(i) = parts[1].parse::<i64>() {
+                h.insert(parts[0].to_string(), i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(h)
+}
+
+// Nested keyed
+//  KEY0 SUB_KEY0=VAL00 SUB_KEY1=VAL01...
+//  KEY1 SUB_KEY0=VAL10 SUB_KEY1=VAL11...
+pub fn nested_keyed_to_hashmap(mut file: File) -> Result<HashMap<String, HashMap<String, i64>>> {
+    let mut content = String::new();
+    file.read_to_string(&mut content)
+        .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e))?;
+
+    let mut h = HashMap::new();
+    for line in content.lines() {
+        let parts: Vec<&str> = line.split(' ').collect();
+        if parts.is_empty() {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let mut th = HashMap::new();
+        for item in parts[1..].iter() {
+            let fields: Vec<&str> = item.split('=').collect();
+            if fields.len() == 2 {
+                if let Ok(i) = fields[1].parse::<i64>() {
+                    th.insert(fields[0].to_string(), i);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        h.insert(parts[0].to_string(), th);
+    }
+
+    Ok(h)
+}
+
+fn read_from<T>(mut file: File) -> Result<T>
+where
+    T: FromStr,
+    <T as FromStr>::Err: 'static + Send + Sync + std::error::Error,
+{
+    let mut string = String::new();
+    match file.read_to_string(&mut string) {
+        Ok(_) => string
+            .trim()
+            .parse::<T>()
+            .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ParseError, e)),
+        Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
+    }
+}
+
+fn read_string_from(mut file: File) -> Result<String> {
+    let mut string = String::new();
+    match file.read_to_string(&mut string) {
+        Ok(_) => Ok(string.trim().to_string()),
+        Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
+    }
+}
+
+/// read and parse an u64 data
+fn read_u64_from(file: File) -> Result<u64> {
+    read_from::<u64>(file)
+}
+
+/// read and parse an i64 data
+fn read_i64_from(file: File) -> Result<i64> {
+    read_from::<i64>(file)
+}

src/net_cls.rs

@@ -1,17 +1,21 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 //! This module contains the implementation of the `net_cls` cgroup subsystem.
 //!
 //! See the Kernel's documentation for more information about this subsystem, found at:
 //!  [Documentation/cgroup-v1/net_cls.txt](https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/net_cls.txt)
-use std::fs::File;
-use std::io::{Read, Write};
+use std::io::Write;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 
-use error::*;
-use error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::*;
 
-use {
-    ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, NetworkResources, Resources,
-    Subsystem,
+use crate::read_u64_from;
+use crate::{
+    ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, NetworkResources, Resources, Subsystem,
 };
 
 /// A controller that allows controlling the `net_cls` subsystem of a Cgroup.
@@ -43,13 +47,9 @@ impl ControllerInternal for NetClsController {
         // get the resources that apply to this controller
         let res: &NetworkResources = &res.network;
 
-        if res.update_values {
-            let _ = self.set_class(res.class_id);
-            if self.get_class()? != res.class_id {
-                return Err(Error::new(Other));
-            }
-        }
-        return Ok(());
+        update_and_test!(self, set_class, res.class_id, get_class);
+
+        Ok(())
     }
 }
 
@@ -66,26 +66,17 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a Subsystem> for &'a NetClsController {
                 Subsystem::NetCls(c) => c,
                 _ => {
                     assert_eq!(1, 0);
-                    ::std::mem::uninitialized()
+                    let v = std::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit();
+                    v.assume_init()
                 }
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
-fn read_u64_from(mut file: File) -> Result<u64> {
-    let mut string = String::new();
-    match file.read_to_string(&mut string) {
-        Ok(_) => string.trim().parse().map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ParseError, e)),
-        Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
-    }
-}
-
 impl NetClsController {
-    /// Constructs a new `NetClsController` with `oroot` serving as the root of the control group.
-    pub fn new(oroot: PathBuf) -> Self {
-        let mut root = oroot;
-        root.push(Self::controller_type().to_string());
+    /// Constructs a new `NetClsController` with `root` serving as the root of the control group.
+    pub fn new(root: PathBuf) -> Self {
         Self {
             base: root.clone(),
             path: root,
@@ -97,13 +88,14 @@ impl NetClsController {
         self.open_path("net_cls.classid", true)
             .and_then(|mut file| {
                 let s = format!("{:#08X}", class);
-                file.write_all(s.as_ref()).map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
+                file.write_all(s.as_ref())
+                    .map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e))
             })
     }
 
     /// Get the network class id of the outgoing packets of the control group's tasks.
     pub fn get_class(&self) -> Result<u64> {
         self.open_path("net_cls.classid", false)
-            .and_then(|file| read_u64_from(file))
+            .and_then(read_u64_from)
     }
 }

src/net_prio.rs

@@ -1,18 +1,22 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 //! This module contains the implementation of the `net_prio` cgroup subsystem.
 //!
 //! See the Kernel's documentation for more information about this subsystem, found at:
 //!  [Documentation/cgroup-v1/net_prio.txt](https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/net_prio.txt)
 use std::collections::HashMap;
-use std::fs::File;
-use std::io::{BufRead, BufReader, Read, Write};
+use std::io::{BufRead, BufReader, Write};
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 
-use error::*;
-use error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::*;
 
-use {
-    ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, NetworkResources, Resources,
-    Subsystem,
+use crate::read_u64_from;
+use crate::{
+    ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, NetworkResources, Resources, Subsystem,
 };
 
 /// A controller that allows controlling the `net_prio` subsystem of a Cgroup.
@@ -44,10 +48,8 @@ impl ControllerInternal for NetPrioController {
         // get the resources that apply to this controller
         let res: &NetworkResources = &res.network;
 
-        if res.update_values {
-            for i in &res.priorities {
-                let _ = self.set_if_prio(&i.name, i.priority);
-            }
+        for i in &res.priorities {
+            let _ = self.set_if_prio(&i.name, i.priority);
         }
 
         Ok(())
@@ -67,26 +69,17 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a Subsystem> for &'a NetPrioController {
                 Subsystem::NetPrio(c) => c,
                 _ => {
                     assert_eq!(1, 0);
-                    ::std::mem::uninitialized()
+                    let v = std::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit();
+                    v.assume_init()
                 }
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
-fn read_u64_from(mut file: File) -> Result<u64> {
-    let mut string = String::new();
-    match file.read_to_string(&mut string) {
-        Ok(_) => string.trim().parse().map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ParseError, e)),
-        Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
-    }
-}
-
 impl NetPrioController {
-    /// Constructs a new `NetPrioController` with `oroot` serving as the root of the control group.
-    pub fn new(oroot: PathBuf) -> Self {
-        let mut root = oroot;
-        root.push(Self::controller_type().to_string());
+    /// Constructs a new `NetPrioController` with `root` serving as the root of the control group.
+    pub fn new(root: PathBuf) -> Self {
         Self {
             base: root.clone(),
             path: root,
@@ -101,6 +94,7 @@ impl NetPrioController {
     }
 
     /// A map of priorities for each network interface.
+    #[allow(clippy::iter_nth_zero, clippy::unnecessary_unwrap)]
     pub fn ifpriomap(&self) -> Result<HashMap<String, u64>> {
         self.open_path("net_prio.ifpriomap", false)
             .and_then(|file| {
@@ -112,6 +106,7 @@ impl NetPrioController {
                         let mut acc = acc.unwrap();
                         let l = line.unwrap();
                         let mut sp = l.split_whitespace();
+
                         let ifname = sp.nth(0);
                         let ifprio = sp.nth(1);
                         if ifname.is_none() || ifprio.is_none() {

src/perf_event.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,17 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 //! This module contains the implementation of the `perf_event` cgroup subsystem.
 //!
 //! See the Kernel's documentation for more information about this subsystem, found at:
 //!  [tools/perf/Documentation/perf-record.txt](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/torvalds/linux/master/tools/perf/Documentation/perf-record.txt)
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 
-use error::*;
+use crate::error::*;
 
-use {ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, Resources, Subsystem};
+use crate::{ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, Resources, Subsystem};
 
 /// A controller that allows controlling the `perf_event` subsystem of a Cgroup.
 ///
@@ -50,7 +55,8 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a Subsystem> for &'a PerfEventController {
                 Subsystem::PerfEvent(c) => c,
                 _ => {
                     assert_eq!(1, 0);
-                    ::std::mem::uninitialized()
+                    let v = std::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit();
+                    v.assume_init()
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -58,10 +64,8 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a Subsystem> for &'a PerfEventController {
 }
 
 impl PerfEventController {
-    /// Constructs a new `PerfEventController` with `oroot` serving as the root of the control group.
-    pub fn new(oroot: PathBuf) -> Self {
-        let mut root = oroot;
-        root.push(Self::controller_type().to_string());
+    /// Constructs a new `PerfEventController` with `root` serving as the root of the control group.
+    pub fn new(root: PathBuf) -> Self {
         Self {
             base: root.clone(),
             path: root,

src/pid.rs

@@ -1,16 +1,23 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+// Copyright (c) 2020 Ant Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 //! This module contains the implementation of the `pids` cgroup subsystem.
 //!
 //! See the Kernel's documentation for more information about this subsystem, found at:
 //!  [Documentation/cgroups-v1/pids.txt](https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/pids.txt)
-use std::fs::File;
 use std::io::{Read, Write};
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 
-use error::*;
-use error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::*;
 
-use {
-    ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, PidResources, Resources, Subsystem,
+use crate::read_u64_from;
+use crate::{
+    parse_max_value, ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, MaxValue, PidResources,
+    Resources, Subsystem,
 };
 
 /// A controller that allows controlling the `pids` subsystem of a Cgroup.
@@ -18,22 +25,7 @@ use {
 pub struct PidController {
     base: PathBuf,
     path: PathBuf,
-}
-
-/// The values found in the `pids.max` file in a Cgroup's `pids` subsystem.
-#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Copy, Clone, Debug)]
-pub enum PidMax {
-    /// This value is returned when the text found `pids.max` is `"max"`.
-    Max,
-    /// When the value in `pids.max` is a numerical value, they are returned via this enum field.
-    Value(i64),
-}
-
-impl Default for PidMax {
-    /// By default, (as per the kernel) `pids.max` should contain `"max"`.
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        PidMax::Max
-    }
+    v2: bool,
 }
 
 impl ControllerInternal for PidController {
@@ -50,21 +42,21 @@ impl ControllerInternal for PidController {
         &self.base
     }
 
+    fn is_v2(&self) -> bool {
+        self.v2
+    }
+
     fn apply(&self, res: &Resources) -> Result<()> {
         // get the resources that apply to this controller
         let pidres: &PidResources = &res.pid;
 
-        if pidres.update_values {
-            // apply pid_max
-            let _ = self.set_pid_max(pidres.maximum_number_of_processes);
-
-            // now, verify
-            if self.get_pid_max()? == pidres.maximum_number_of_processes {
-                return Ok(());
-            } else {
-                return Err(Error::new(Other));
-            }
-        }
+        // apply pid_max
+        update_and_test!(
+            self,
+            set_pid_max,
+            pidres.maximum_number_of_processes,
+            get_pid_max
+        );
 
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -89,30 +81,22 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a Subsystem> for &'a PidController {
                 Subsystem::Pid(c) => c,
                 _ => {
                     assert_eq!(1, 0);
-                    ::std::mem::uninitialized()
+                    let v = std::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit();
+                    v.assume_init()
                 }
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
-fn read_u64_from(mut file: File) -> Result<u64> {
-    let mut string = String::new();
-    match file.read_to_string(&mut string) {
-        Ok(_) => string.trim().parse().map_err(|e| Error::with_cause(ParseError, e)),
-        Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
-    }
-}
-
 impl PidController {
-    /// Constructors a new `PidController` instance, with `oroot` serving as the controller's root
+    /// Constructors a new `PidController` instance, with `root` serving as the controller's root
     /// directory.
-    pub fn new(oroot: PathBuf) -> Self {
-        let mut root = oroot;
-        root.push(Self::controller_type().to_string());
+    pub fn new(root: PathBuf, v2: bool) -> Self {
         Self {
             base: root.clone(),
             path: root,
+            v2,
         }
     }
 
@@ -140,19 +124,12 @@ impl PidController {
     }
 
     /// The maximum number of processes that can exist at one time in the control group.
-    pub fn get_pid_max(&self) -> Result<PidMax> {
+    pub fn get_pid_max(&self) -> Result<MaxValue> {
         self.open_path("pids.max", false).and_then(|mut file| {
             let mut string = String::new();
             let res = file.read_to_string(&mut string);
             match res {
-                Ok(_) => if string.trim() == "max" {
-                    Ok(PidMax::Max)
-                } else {
-                    match string.trim().parse() {
-                        Ok(val) => Ok(PidMax::Value(val)),
-                        Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ParseError, e)),
-                    }
-                },
+                Ok(_) => parse_max_value(&string),
                 Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
             }
         })
@@ -163,12 +140,9 @@ impl PidController {
     /// Note that if `get_pid_current()` returns a higher number than what you
     /// are about to set (`max_pid`), then no processess will be killed. Additonally, attaching
     /// extra processes to a control group disregards the limit.
-    pub fn set_pid_max(&self, max_pid: PidMax) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn set_pid_max(&self, max_pid: MaxValue) -> Result<()> {
         self.open_path("pids.max", true).and_then(|mut file| {
-            let string_to_write = match max_pid {
-                PidMax::Max => "max".to_string(),
-                PidMax::Value(num) => num.to_string(),
-            };
+            let string_to_write = max_pid.to_string();
             match file.write_all(string_to_write.as_ref()) {
                 Ok(_) => Ok(()),
                 Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(WriteFailed, e)),

src/rdma.rs

@@ -1,15 +1,20 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 //! This module contains the implementation of the `rdma` cgroup subsystem.
 //!
 //! See the Kernel's documentation for more information about this subsystem, found at:
 //!  [Documentation/cgroup-v1/rdma.txt](https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/rdma.txt)
-use std::fs::File;
-use std::io::{Read, Write};
+use std::io::Write;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 
-use error::*;
-use error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::ErrorKind::*;
+use crate::error::*;
 
-use {ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, Resources, Subsystem};
+use crate::read_string_from;
+use crate::{ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, Resources, Subsystem};
 
 /// A controller that allows controlling the `rdma` subsystem of a Cgroup.
 ///
@@ -53,26 +58,17 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a Subsystem> for &'a RdmaController {
                 Subsystem::Rdma(c) => c,
                 _ => {
                     assert_eq!(1, 0);
-                    ::std::mem::uninitialized()
+                    let v = std::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit();
+                    v.assume_init()
                 }
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
-fn read_string_from(mut file: File) -> Result<String> {
-    let mut string = String::new();
-    match file.read_to_string(&mut string) {
-        Ok(_) => Ok(string.trim().to_string()),
-        Err(e) => Err(Error::with_cause(ReadFailed, e)),
-    }
-}
-
 impl RdmaController {
-    /// Constructs a new `RdmaController` with `oroot` serving as the root of the control group.
-    pub fn new(oroot: PathBuf) -> Self {
-        let mut root = oroot;
-        root.push(Self::controller_type().to_string());
+    /// Constructs a new `RdmaController` with `root` serving as the root of the control group.
+    pub fn new(root: PathBuf) -> Self {
         Self {
             base: root.clone(),
             path: root,

src/systemd.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2020 Ant Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
+//! This module contains the implementation of the `systemd` cgroup subsystem.
+//!
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+use crate::error::*;
+
+use crate::{ControllIdentifier, ControllerInternal, Controllers, Resources, Subsystem};
+
+/// A controller that allows controlling the `systemd` subsystem of a Cgroup.
+///
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct SystemdController {
+    base: PathBuf,
+    path: PathBuf,
+    _v2: bool,
+}
+
+impl ControllerInternal for SystemdController {
+    fn control_type(&self) -> Controllers {
+        Controllers::Systemd
+    }
+    fn get_path(&self) -> &PathBuf {
+        &self.path
+    }
+    fn get_path_mut(&mut self) -> &mut PathBuf {
+        &mut self.path
+    }
+    fn get_base(&self) -> &PathBuf {
+        &self.base
+    }
+
+    fn apply(&self, _res: &Resources) -> Result<()> {
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl ControllIdentifier for SystemdController {
+    fn controller_type() -> Controllers {
+        Controllers::Systemd
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> From<&'a Subsystem> for &'a SystemdController {
+    fn from(sub: &'a Subsystem) -> &'a SystemdController {
+        unsafe {
+            match sub {
+                Subsystem::Systemd(c) => c,
+                _ => {
+                    assert_eq!(1, 0);
+                    let v = std::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit();
+                    v.assume_init()
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl SystemdController {
+    /// Constructs a new `SystemdController` with `root` serving as the root of the control group.
+    pub fn new(root: PathBuf, v2: bool) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            base: root.clone(),
+            path: root,
+            _v2: v2,
+        }
+    }
+}

tests/builder.rs

@@ -1,23 +1,28 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+// Copyright (c) 2020 And Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 //! Some simple tests covering the builder pattern for control groups.
-extern crate cgroups;
-use cgroups::*;
-use cgroups::cpu::*;
-use cgroups::devices::*;
-use cgroups::pid::*;
-use cgroups::memory::*;
-use cgroups::net_cls::*;
-use cgroups::hugetlb::*;
-use cgroups::blkio::*;
-use cgroups::cgroup_builder::*;
+use cgroups_rs::blkio::*;
+use cgroups_rs::cgroup_builder::*;
+use cgroups_rs::cpu::*;
+use cgroups_rs::devices::*;
+use cgroups_rs::hugetlb::*;
+use cgroups_rs::memory::*;
+use cgroups_rs::net_cls::*;
+use cgroups_rs::pid::*;
+use cgroups_rs::*;
 
 #[test]
 pub fn test_cpu_res_build() {
-    let v1 = ::hierarchies::V1::new();
-    let cg: Cgroup = CgroupBuilder::new("test_cpu_res_build", &v1)
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cg: Cgroup = CgroupBuilder::new("test_cpu_res_build")
         .cpu()
-            .shares(85)
-            .done()
-        .build();
+        .shares(85)
+        .done()
+        .build(h);
 
     {
         let cpu: &CpuController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
@@ -25,121 +30,133 @@ pub fn test_cpu_res_build() {
         assert_eq!(cpu.shares().unwrap(), 85);
     }
 
-    cg.delete();
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
 }
 
 #[test]
 pub fn test_memory_res_build() {
-    let v1 = ::hierarchies::V1::new();
-    let cg: Cgroup = CgroupBuilder::new("test_memory_res_build", &v1)
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cg: Cgroup = CgroupBuilder::new("test_memory_res_build")
         .memory()
-            .kernel_memory_limit(128 * 1024 * 1024)
-            .swappiness(70)
-            .memory_hard_limit(1024 * 1024 * 1024)
-            .done()
-        .build();
+        .kernel_memory_limit(128 * 1024 * 1024)
+        .swappiness(70)
+        .memory_hard_limit(1024 * 1024 * 1024)
+        .done()
+        .build(h);
 
     {
         let c: &MemController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(c.kmem_stat().limit_in_bytes, 128 * 1024 * 1024);
-        assert_eq!(c.memory_stat().swappiness, 70);
+        if !c.v2() {
+            // Note: we don't tests the value of c.kmem_stat().limit_in_bytes because on Linux
+            // kernel >= 5.16 setting this value is unsupported.
+            assert_eq!(c.memory_stat().swappiness, 70);
+        }
         assert_eq!(c.memory_stat().limit_in_bytes, 1024 * 1024 * 1024);
     }
 
-    cg.delete();
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
 }
 
 #[test]
 pub fn test_pid_res_build() {
-    let v1 = ::hierarchies::V1::new();
-    let cg: Cgroup = CgroupBuilder::new("test_pid_res_build", &v1)
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cg: Cgroup = CgroupBuilder::new("test_pid_res_build")
         .pid()
-            .maximum_number_of_processes(PidMax::Value(123))
-            .done()
-        .build();
+        .maximum_number_of_processes(MaxValue::Value(123))
+        .done()
+        .build(h);
 
     {
         let c: &PidController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
         assert!(c.get_pid_max().is_ok());
-        assert_eq!(c.get_pid_max().unwrap(), PidMax::Value(123));
+        assert_eq!(c.get_pid_max().unwrap(), MaxValue::Value(123));
     }
 
-    cg.delete();
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
 }
 
 #[test]
 #[ignore] // ignore this test for now, not sure why my kernel doesn't like it
 pub fn test_devices_res_build() {
-    let v1 = ::hierarchies::V1::new();
-    let cg: Cgroup = CgroupBuilder::new("test_devices_res_build", &v1)
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cg: Cgroup = CgroupBuilder::new("test_devices_res_build")
         .devices()
-            .device(1, 6, DeviceType::Char, true,
-                    vec![DevicePermissions::Read])
-            .done()
-        .build();
+        .device(1, 6, DeviceType::Char, true, vec![DevicePermissions::Read])
+        .done()
+        .build(h);
 
     {
         let c: &DevicesController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
         assert!(c.allowed_devices().is_ok());
-        assert_eq!(c.allowed_devices().unwrap(), vec![
-                   DeviceResource {
-                       allow: true,
-                       devtype: DeviceType::Char,
-                       major: 1,
-                       minor: 6,
-                       access: vec![DevicePermissions::Read],
-                   }
-        ]);
+        assert_eq!(
+            c.allowed_devices().unwrap(),
+            vec![DeviceResource {
+                allow: true,
+                devtype: DeviceType::Char,
+                major: 1,
+                minor: 6,
+                access: vec![DevicePermissions::Read],
+            }]
+        );
     }
-    cg.delete();
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
 }
 
 #[test]
 pub fn test_network_res_build() {
-    let v1 = ::hierarchies::V1::new();
-    let cg: Cgroup = CgroupBuilder::new("test_network_res_build", &v1)
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    if h.v2() {
+        // FIXME add cases for v2
+        return;
+    }
+    let cg: Cgroup = CgroupBuilder::new("test_network_res_build")
         .network()
-            .class_id(1337)
-            .done()
-        .build();
+        .class_id(1337)
+        .done()
+        .build(h);
 
     {
         let c: &NetClsController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
         assert!(c.get_class().is_ok());
         assert_eq!(c.get_class().unwrap(), 1337);
     }
-    cg.delete();
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
 }
 
 #[test]
 pub fn test_hugepages_res_build() {
-    let v1 = ::hierarchies::V1::new();
-    let cg: Cgroup = CgroupBuilder::new("test_hugepages_res_build", &v1)
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    if h.v2() {
+        // FIXME add cases for v2
+        return;
+    }
+    let cg: Cgroup = CgroupBuilder::new("test_hugepages_res_build")
         .hugepages()
-            .limit("2MB".to_string(), 4 * 2 * 1024 * 1024)
-            .done()
-        .build();
+        .limit("2MB".to_string(), 4 * 2 * 1024 * 1024)
+        .done()
+        .build(h);
 
     {
         let c: &HugeTlbController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
-        assert!(c.limit_in_bytes(&"2MB".to_string()).is_ok());
-        assert_eq!(c.limit_in_bytes(&"2MB".to_string()).unwrap(), 4 * 2 * 1024 * 1024);
+        assert!(c.limit_in_bytes("2MB").is_ok());
+        assert_eq!(c.limit_in_bytes("2MB").unwrap(), 4 * 2 * 1024 * 1024);
     }
-    cg.delete();
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
 }
 
 #[test]
+#[ignore] // high version kernel not support `blkio.weight`
 pub fn test_blkio_res_build() {
-    let v1 = ::hierarchies::V1::new();
-    let cg: Cgroup = CgroupBuilder::new("test_blkio_res_build", &v1)
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cg: Cgroup = CgroupBuilder::new("test_blkio_res_build")
         .blkio()
-            .weight(100)
-            .done()
-        .build();
+        .weight(100)
+        .done()
+        .build(h);
 
     {
         let c: &BlkIoController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
         assert_eq!(c.blkio().weight, 100);
     }
-    cg.delete();
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
 }

tests/cgroup.rs

@@ -1,18 +1,26 @@
-//! Simple unit tests about the control groups system.
-extern crate cgroups;
-use cgroups::{Cgroup, CgroupPid};
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+// Copyright (c) 2020 And Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
 
-extern crate libc;
-extern crate nix;
+//! Simple unit tests about the control groups system.
+use cgroups_rs::memory::MemController;
+use cgroups_rs::Controller;
+use cgroups_rs::{Cgroup, CgroupPid, Subsystem};
 
 #[test]
 fn test_tasks_iterator() {
-    let hier = cgroups::hierarchies::V1::new();
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
     let pid = libc::pid_t::from(nix::unistd::getpid()) as u64;
-    let cg = Cgroup::new(&hier, String::from("test_tasks_iterator"));
+    let cg = Cgroup::new(h, String::from("test_tasks_iterator"));
     {
         // Add a task to the control group.
-        cg.add_task(CgroupPid::from(pid));
+        cg.add_task(CgroupPid::from(pid)).unwrap();
+
+        use std::{thread, time};
+        thread::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(100));
+
         let mut tasks = cg.tasks().into_iter();
         // Verify that the task is indeed in the control group
         assert_eq!(tasks.next(), Some(CgroupPid::from(pid)));
@@ -25,5 +33,73 @@ fn test_tasks_iterator() {
         // Verify that it was indeed removed.
         assert_eq!(tasks.next(), None);
     }
-    cg.delete();
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_cgroup_with_relative_paths() {
+    if cgroups_rs::hierarchies::is_cgroup2_unified_mode() {
+        return;
+    }
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cgroup_root = h.root();
+    let cgroup_name = "test_cgroup_with_relative_paths";
+
+    let cg = Cgroup::load(h, String::from(cgroup_name));
+    {
+        let subsystems = cg.subsystems();
+        subsystems.iter().for_each(|sub| match sub {
+            Subsystem::Pid(c) => {
+                let cgroup_path = c.path().to_str().unwrap();
+                let relative_path = "/pids/";
+                // cgroup_path = cgroup_root + relative_path + cgroup_name
+                assert_eq!(
+                    cgroup_path,
+                    format!(
+                        "{}{}{}",
+                        cgroup_root.to_str().unwrap(),
+                        relative_path,
+                        cgroup_name
+                    )
+                );
+            }
+            Subsystem::Mem(c) => {
+                let cgroup_path = c.path().to_str().unwrap();
+                // cgroup_path = cgroup_root + relative_path + cgroup_name
+                assert_eq!(
+                    cgroup_path,
+                    format!("{}/memory/{}", cgroup_root.to_str().unwrap(), cgroup_name)
+                );
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        });
+    }
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_cgroup_v2() {
+    if !cgroups_rs::hierarchies::is_cgroup2_unified_mode() {
+        return;
+    }
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cg = Cgroup::new(h, String::from("test_v2"));
+
+    let mem_controller: &MemController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
+    let (mem, swp, rev) = (4 * 1024 * 1000, 2 * 1024 * 1000, 1024 * 1000);
+
+    mem_controller.set_limit(mem).unwrap();
+    mem_controller.set_memswap_limit(swp).unwrap();
+    mem_controller.set_soft_limit(rev).unwrap();
+
+    let memory_stat = mem_controller.memory_stat();
+    println!("memory_stat {:?}", memory_stat);
+    assert_eq!(mem, memory_stat.limit_in_bytes);
+    assert_eq!(rev, memory_stat.soft_limit_in_bytes);
+
+    let memswap = mem_controller.memswap();
+    println!("memswap {:?}", memswap);
+    assert_eq!(swp, memswap.limit_in_bytes);
+
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
 }

tests/cpu.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2020 And Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
+//! Simple unit tests about the CPU control groups system.
+use cgroups_rs::cpu::CpuController;
+use cgroups_rs::Cgroup;
+
+#[test]
+fn test_cfs_quota_and_periods() {
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cg = Cgroup::new(h, String::from("test_cfs_quota_and_periods"));
+
+    let cpu_controller: &CpuController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
+
+    let current_quota = cpu_controller.cfs_quota().unwrap();
+    let current_peroid = cpu_controller.cfs_period().unwrap();
+
+    // verify default value
+    // The default is “max 100000”.
+    assert_eq!(-1, current_quota);
+    assert_eq!(100000, current_peroid);
+
+    // case 1 set quota
+    let _ = cpu_controller.set_cfs_quota(2000);
+
+    let current_quota = cpu_controller.cfs_quota().unwrap();
+    let current_peroid = cpu_controller.cfs_period().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(2000, current_quota);
+    assert_eq!(100000, current_peroid);
+
+    // case 2 set period
+    cpu_controller.set_cfs_period(1000000).unwrap();
+    let current_quota = cpu_controller.cfs_quota().unwrap();
+    let current_peroid = cpu_controller.cfs_period().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(2000, current_quota);
+    assert_eq!(1000000, current_peroid);
+
+    // case 3 set both quota and period
+    cpu_controller
+        .set_cfs_quota_and_period(Some(5000), Some(100000))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    let current_quota = cpu_controller.cfs_quota().unwrap();
+    let current_peroid = cpu_controller.cfs_period().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(5000, current_quota);
+    assert_eq!(100000, current_peroid);
+
+    // case 4 set both quota and period, set quota to -1
+    cpu_controller
+        .set_cfs_quota_and_period(Some(-1), None)
+        .unwrap();
+
+    let current_quota = cpu_controller.cfs_quota().unwrap();
+    let current_peroid = cpu_controller.cfs_period().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(-1, current_quota);
+    assert_eq!(100000, current_peroid);
+
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
+}

tests/cpuset.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,19 @@
-extern crate cgroups;
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+// Copyright (c) 2020 And Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
 
-use cgroups::cpuset::CpuSetController;
-use cgroups::error::ErrorKind;
-use cgroups::Cgroup;
+use cgroups_rs::cpuset::CpuSetController;
+use cgroups_rs::error::ErrorKind;
+use cgroups_rs::{Cgroup, CgroupPid};
+
+use std::fs;
 
 #[test]
 fn test_cpuset_memory_pressure_root_cg() {
-    let hier = cgroups::hierarchies::V1::new();
-    let cg = Cgroup::new(&hier, String::from("test_cpuset_memory_pressure_root_cg"));
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cg = Cgroup::new(h, String::from("test_cpuset_memory_pressure_root_cg"));
     {
         let cpuset: &CpuSetController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
 
@@ -15,5 +21,72 @@ fn test_cpuset_memory_pressure_root_cg() {
         let res = cpuset.set_enable_memory_pressure(true);
         assert_eq!(res.unwrap_err().kind(), &ErrorKind::InvalidOperation);
     }
-    cg.delete();
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_cpuset_set_cpus() {
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cg = Cgroup::new(h, String::from("test_cpuset_set_cpus"));
+    {
+        let cpuset: &CpuSetController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
+
+        let set = cpuset.cpuset();
+        if cg.v2() {
+            assert_eq!(0, set.cpus.len());
+        } else {
+            // for cgroup v1, cpuset is copied from parent.
+            assert!(!set.cpus.is_empty());
+        }
+
+        // 0
+        let r = cpuset.set_cpus("0");
+        assert!(r.is_ok());
+
+        let set = cpuset.cpuset();
+        assert_eq!(1, set.cpus.len());
+        assert_eq!((0, 0), set.cpus[0]);
+
+        // all cpus in system
+        let cpus = fs::read_to_string("/sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset.cpus.effective").unwrap_or_default();
+        let cpus = cpus.trim();
+        if !cpus.is_empty() {
+            let r = cpuset.set_cpus(cpus);
+            assert!(r.is_ok());
+            let set = cpuset.cpuset();
+            assert_eq!(1, set.cpus.len());
+            assert_eq!(format!("{}-{}", set.cpus[0].0, set.cpus[0].1), cpus);
+        }
+    }
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_cpuset_set_cpus_add_task() {
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cg = Cgroup::new(h, String::from("test_cpuset_set_cpus_add_task/sub-dir"));
+
+    let cpuset: &CpuSetController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
+    let set = cpuset.cpuset();
+    if cg.v2() {
+        assert_eq!(0, set.cpus.len());
+    } else {
+        // for cgroup v1, cpuset is copied from parent.
+        assert!(!set.cpus.is_empty());
+    }
+
+    // Add a task to the control group.
+    let pid_i = libc::pid_t::from(nix::unistd::getpid()) as u64;
+    let _ = cg.add_task(CgroupPid::from(pid_i));
+    let tasks = cg.tasks();
+    assert!(!tasks.is_empty());
+    println!("tasks after added: {:?}", tasks);
+
+    // remove task
+    let _ = cg.remove_task(CgroupPid::from(pid_i));
+    let tasks = cg.tasks();
+    println!("tasks after deleted: {:?}", tasks);
+    assert_eq!(0, tasks.len());
+
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
 }

tests/devices.rs

@@ -1,27 +1,39 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+// Copyright (c) 2020 And Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 //! Integration tests about the devices subsystem
 
-extern crate cgroups;
-use cgroups::devices::{DevicePermissions, DeviceType, DevicesController};
-use cgroups::{Cgroup, DeviceResource};
+use cgroups_rs::devices::{DevicePermissions, DeviceType, DevicesController};
+use cgroups_rs::{Cgroup, DeviceResource};
 
 #[test]
 fn test_devices_parsing() {
-    let hier = cgroups::hierarchies::V1::new();
-    let cg = Cgroup::new(&hier, String::from("test_devices_parsing"));
+    // now only v2
+    if cgroups_rs::hierarchies::is_cgroup2_unified_mode() {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cg = Cgroup::new(h, String::from("test_devices_parsing"));
     {
         let devices: &DevicesController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
 
         // Deny access to all devices first
-        devices.deny_device(
-            DeviceType::All,
-            -1,
-            -1,
-            &vec![
-                DevicePermissions::Read,
-                DevicePermissions::Write,
-                DevicePermissions::MkNod,
-            ],
-        );
+        devices
+            .deny_device(
+                DeviceType::All,
+                -1,
+                -1,
+                &[
+                    DevicePermissions::Read,
+                    DevicePermissions::Write,
+                    DevicePermissions::MkNod,
+                ],
+            )
+            .unwrap();
         // Acquire the list of allowed devices after we denied all
         let allowed_devices = devices.allowed_devices();
         // Verify that there are no devices that we can access.
@@ -29,7 +41,9 @@ fn test_devices_parsing() {
         assert_eq!(allowed_devices.unwrap(), Vec::new());
 
         // Now add mknod access to /dev/null device
-        devices.allow_device(DeviceType::Char, 1, 3, &vec![DevicePermissions::MkNod]);
+        devices
+            .allow_device(DeviceType::Char, 1, 3, &[DevicePermissions::MkNod])
+            .unwrap();
         let allowed_devices = devices.allowed_devices();
         assert!(allowed_devices.is_ok());
         let allowed_devices = allowed_devices.unwrap();
@@ -46,12 +60,14 @@ fn test_devices_parsing() {
         );
 
         // Now deny, this device explicitly.
-        devices.deny_device(DeviceType::Char, 1, 3, &DevicePermissions::all());
+        devices
+            .deny_device(DeviceType::Char, 1, 3, &DevicePermissions::all())
+            .unwrap();
         // Finally, check that.
         let allowed_devices = devices.allowed_devices();
         // Verify that there are no devices that we can access.
         assert!(allowed_devices.is_ok());
         assert_eq!(allowed_devices.unwrap(), Vec::new());
     }
-    cg.delete();
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
 }

tests/hugetlb.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2020 And Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
+//! Integration tests about the hugetlb subsystem
+use cgroups_rs::error::*;
+use cgroups_rs::hugetlb::{self, HugeTlbController};
+use cgroups_rs::Cgroup;
+use std::fs;
+
+#[test]
+fn test_hugetlb_sizes() {
+    // now only v2
+    if cgroups_rs::hierarchies::is_cgroup2_unified_mode() {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cg = Cgroup::new(h, String::from("test_hugetlb_sizes"));
+    {
+        let hugetlb_controller: &HugeTlbController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
+        let _ = hugetlb_controller.get_sizes();
+
+        // test sizes count
+        let sizes = hugetlb_controller.get_sizes();
+        let sizes_count = fs::read_dir(hugetlb::HUGEPAGESIZE_DIR).unwrap().count();
+        assert_eq!(sizes.len(), sizes_count);
+
+        for size in sizes {
+            let supported = hugetlb_controller.size_supported(&size);
+            assert!(supported);
+            assert_no_error(hugetlb_controller.failcnt(&size));
+            assert_no_error(hugetlb_controller.limit_in_bytes(&size));
+            assert_no_error(hugetlb_controller.usage_in_bytes(&size));
+            assert_no_error(hugetlb_controller.max_usage_in_bytes(&size));
+        }
+    }
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
+}
+
+fn assert_no_error(r: Result<u64>) {
+    assert!(r.is_ok())
+}

tests/memory.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2020 And Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
+//! Integration tests about the hugetlb subsystem
+use cgroups_rs::memory::{MemController, SetMemory};
+use cgroups_rs::Controller;
+use cgroups_rs::{Cgroup, MaxValue};
+
+#[test]
+fn test_disable_oom_killer() {
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cg = Cgroup::new(h, String::from("test_disable_oom_killer"));
+    {
+        let mem_controller: &MemController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
+
+        // before disable
+        let m = mem_controller.memory_stat();
+        assert!(!m.oom_control.oom_kill_disable);
+
+        // now only v1
+        if !mem_controller.v2() {
+            // disable oom killer
+            let r = mem_controller.disable_oom_killer();
+            assert!(r.is_ok());
+
+            // after disable
+            let m = mem_controller.memory_stat();
+            assert!(m.oom_control.oom_kill_disable);
+        }
+    }
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn set_kmem_limit_v1() {
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    if h.v2() {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let cg = Cgroup::new(h, String::from("set_kmem_limit_v1"));
+    {
+        let mem_controller: &MemController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
+        mem_controller.set_kmem_limit(1).unwrap();
+    }
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn set_mem_v2() {
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    if !h.v2() {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let cg = Cgroup::new(h, String::from("set_mem_v2"));
+    {
+        let mem_controller: &MemController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
+
+        // before disable
+        let m = mem_controller.get_mem().unwrap();
+        // case 1: get default value
+        assert_eq!(m.low, Some(MaxValue::Value(0)));
+        assert_eq!(m.min, Some(MaxValue::Value(0)));
+        assert_eq!(m.high, Some(MaxValue::Max));
+        assert_eq!(m.max, Some(MaxValue::Max));
+
+        // case 2: set parts
+        let m = SetMemory {
+            low: Some(MaxValue::Value(1024 * 1024 * 2)),
+            high: Some(MaxValue::Value(1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 2)),
+            min: Some(MaxValue::Value(1024 * 1024 * 3)),
+            max: None,
+        };
+        let r = mem_controller.set_mem(m);
+        assert!(r.is_ok());
+
+        let m = mem_controller.get_mem().unwrap();
+        // get
+        assert_eq!(m.low, Some(MaxValue::Value(1024 * 1024 * 2)));
+        assert_eq!(m.min, Some(MaxValue::Value(1024 * 1024 * 3)));
+        assert_eq!(m.high, Some(MaxValue::Value(1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 2)));
+        assert_eq!(m.max, Some(MaxValue::Max));
+
+        // case 3: set parts
+        let m = SetMemory {
+            max: Some(MaxValue::Value(1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 2)),
+            min: Some(MaxValue::Value(1024 * 1024 * 4)),
+            high: Some(MaxValue::Max),
+            low: None,
+        };
+        let r = mem_controller.set_mem(m);
+        assert!(r.is_ok());
+
+        let m = mem_controller.get_mem().unwrap();
+        // get
+        assert_eq!(m.low, Some(MaxValue::Value(1024 * 1024 * 2)));
+        assert_eq!(m.min, Some(MaxValue::Value(1024 * 1024 * 4)));
+        assert_eq!(m.max, Some(MaxValue::Value(1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 2)));
+        assert_eq!(m.high, Some(MaxValue::Max));
+    }
+
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
+}

tests/pids.rs

@@ -1,76 +1,77 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+// Copyright (c) 2020 And Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
+
 //! Integration tests about the pids subsystem
-extern crate cgroups;
-use cgroups::pid::{PidController, PidMax};
-use cgroups::Controller;
-use cgroups::{Cgroup, CgroupPid, PidResources, Resources};
+use cgroups_rs::pid::PidController;
+use cgroups_rs::Controller;
+use cgroups_rs::{Cgroup, MaxValue};
 
-extern crate nix;
 use nix::sys::wait::{waitpid, WaitStatus};
-use nix::unistd::{fork, ForkResult, Pid};
+use nix::unistd::{fork, ForkResult};
 
-extern crate libc;
 use libc::pid_t;
 
-use std::thread;
-
 #[test]
 fn create_and_delete_cgroup() {
-    let hier = cgroups::hierarchies::V1::new();
-    let cg = Cgroup::new(&hier, String::from("create_and_delete_cgroup"));
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cg = Cgroup::new(h, String::from("create_and_delete_cgroup"));
     {
         let pidcontroller: &PidController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
-        pidcontroller.set_pid_max(PidMax::Value(1337));
+        pidcontroller.set_pid_max(MaxValue::Value(1337)).unwrap();
         let max = pidcontroller.get_pid_max();
         assert!(max.is_ok());
-        assert_eq!(max.unwrap(), PidMax::Value(1337));
+        assert_eq!(max.unwrap(), MaxValue::Value(1337));
     }
-    cg.delete();
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_pids_current_is_zero() {
-    let hier = cgroups::hierarchies::V1::new();
-    let cg = Cgroup::new(&hier, String::from("test_pids_current_is_zero"));
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cg = Cgroup::new(h, String::from("test_pids_current_is_zero"));
     {
         let pidcontroller: &PidController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
         let current = pidcontroller.get_pid_current();
         assert_eq!(current.unwrap(), 0);
     }
-    cg.delete();
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_pids_events_is_zero() {
-    let hier = cgroups::hierarchies::V1::new();
-    let cg = Cgroup::new(&hier, String::from("test_pids_events_is_zero"));
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cg = Cgroup::new(h, String::from("test_pids_events_is_zero"));
     {
         let pidcontroller: &PidController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
         let events = pidcontroller.get_pid_events();
         assert!(events.is_ok());
         assert_eq!(events.unwrap(), 0);
     }
-    cg.delete();
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_pid_events_is_not_zero() {
-    let hier = cgroups::hierarchies::V1::new();
-    let cg = Cgroup::new(&hier, String::from("test_pid_events_is_not_zero"));
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cg = Cgroup::new(h, String::from("test_pid_events_is_not_zero"));
     {
         let pids: &PidController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
         let before = pids.get_pid_events();
         let before = before.unwrap();
 
-        match fork() {
+        match unsafe { fork() } {
             Ok(ForkResult::Parent { child, .. }) => {
                 // move the process into the control group
-                pids.add_task(&(pid_t::from(child) as u64).into());
+                let _ = pids.add_task(&(pid_t::from(child) as u64).into());
 
                 println!("added task to cg: {:?}", child);
 
                 // Set limit to one
-                pids.set_pid_max(PidMax::Value(1));
-                println!("err = {:?}", pids.get_pid_max());
+                let _ = pids.set_pid_max(MaxValue::Value(1));
+                println!("current pid.max = {:?}", pids.get_pid_max());
 
                 // wait on the child
                 let res = waitpid(child, None);
@@ -87,8 +88,8 @@ fn test_pid_events_is_not_zero() {
             }
             Ok(ForkResult::Child) => loop {
                 let pids_max = pids.get_pid_max();
-                if pids_max.is_ok() && pids_max.unwrap() == PidMax::Value(1) {
-                    if let Err(_) = fork() {
+                if pids_max.is_ok() && pids_max.unwrap() == MaxValue::Value(1) {
+                    if unsafe { fork() }.is_err() {
                         unsafe { libc::exit(0) };
                     } else {
                         unsafe { libc::exit(1) };
@@ -98,5 +99,5 @@ fn test_pid_events_is_not_zero() {
             Err(_) => panic!("failed to fork"),
         }
     }
-    cg.delete();
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
 }

tests/resources.rs

@@ -1,28 +1,31 @@
-//! Integration test about setting resources using `apply()`
-extern crate cgroups;
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+// Copyright (c) 2020 And Group
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+//
 
-use cgroups::pid::{PidController, PidMax};
-use cgroups::{Cgroup, PidResources, Resources};
+//! Integration test about setting resources using `apply()`
+use cgroups_rs::pid::PidController;
+use cgroups_rs::{Cgroup, MaxValue, PidResources, Resources};
 
 #[test]
 fn pid_resources() {
-    let hier = cgroups::hierarchies::V1::new();
-    let cg = Cgroup::new(&hier, String::from("pid_resources"));
+    let h = cgroups_rs::hierarchies::auto();
+    let cg = Cgroup::new(h, String::from("pid_resources"));
     {
         let res = Resources {
             pid: PidResources {
-                update_values: true,
-                maximum_number_of_processes: PidMax::Value(512),
+                maximum_number_of_processes: Some(MaxValue::Value(512)),
             },
             ..Default::default()
         };
-        cg.apply(&res);
+        cg.apply(&res).unwrap();
 
         // verify
         let pidcontroller: &PidController = cg.controller_of().unwrap();
         let pid_max = pidcontroller.get_pid_max();
-        assert_eq!(pid_max.is_ok(), true);
-        assert_eq!(pid_max.unwrap(), PidMax::Value(512));
+        assert!(pid_max.is_ok());
+        assert_eq!(pid_max.unwrap(), MaxValue::Value(512));
     }
-    cg.delete();
+    cg.delete().unwrap();
 }

tools/create_cgroup.sh

@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
 #!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+#
 
 CONTROL_GROUPS=`cargo test -- --list 2>/dev/null | egrep 'test$' | egrep -v '^src' | cut -d':' -f1`
 

tools/delete_cgroup.sh

@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
 #!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2018 Levente Kurusa
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 or MIT
+#
 
 CONTROL_GROUPS=`cargo test -- --list 2>/dev/null | egrep 'test$' | egrep -v '^src' | cut -d':' -f1`