static.docs.arm.com no longer serves the PL031 RTC technical reference
manual; point the comment at the current developer.arm.com location.
Clears the lychee link check, as requested on the review.
Signed-off-by: Henry Hrvoje Tonkovac <htonkovac@gmail.com>
Assisted-by: Claude:Opus-4.8
size_of is part of std::prelude as of Rust 1.80 (with size_of_val,
align_of, align_of_val), and the workspace MSRV is 1.89, so qualifying
it (mem::size_of, std::mem::size_of, core::mem::size_of) is unnecessary.
Convert every qualified size_of call-site to the bare prelude form and
drop the now-redundant `use std::mem::size_of;` imports, keeping
`use std::mem;` where it still serves non-prelude items (transmute,
swap, replace, take, zeroed, MaybeUninit, offset_of). size_of is the
only one of the four currently used in the tree.
Pure refactor, no behavioural change. Follow-up to the
clippy::absolute_paths cleanup (#7670), as discussed in #8444.
Signed-off-by: Henry Hrvoje Tonkovac <htonkovac@gmail.com>
Assisted-by: Claude:Opus-4.8
Import the std modules used in the crate instead of spelling the full
paths at every use site, and drop the now-unnecessary
#[cfg_attr(target_arch = "x86_64", expect(clippy::absolute_paths))].
Signed-off-by: Henry Hrvoje Tonkovac <htonkovac@gmail.com>
Assisted-by: Claude:Opus-4.8
These devices should only be accessed by single byte accesses as
specified through the ACPI definitions for them.
Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <rbradford@meta.com>
Assisted-by: Claude:Opus-4.7
Removal of absolute paths is currently in progress. To avoid regressing
those changes add a clippy deny at the workspace level and at the crate
level override with #[expect(clippy::absolute_paths)]
See: #7670
Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <rbradford@meta.com>
Convert the still-needed #[allow]s to #[expect] so they warn if the
lints stop firing.
Part of #8326.
Signed-off-by: Tushar Khatri <hello@tusharkhatri.in>
Import the modules used in the crate instead of spelling the
fully-qualified paths at every use site, and collapse Result<T,
io::Error> into io::Result<T>. This covers the feature-gated modules
(fw_cfg, ivshmem, pvmemcontrol) as well, leaving the whole crate free
of clippy::absolute_paths warnings.
Signed-off-by: Henry Hrvoje Tonkovac <htonkovac@gmail.com>
Assisted-by: Claude:Opus-4.8
Cover the short CRB register accesses and data-buffer boundary
conditions used by Windows Server 2025.
Assisted-by: Copilot:GPT-5.5
Signed-off-by: Wei Liu <liuwe@microsoft.com>
Extract CRB completion, register-read, and data-buffer range handling
so the fixed access rules can be tested without a live TPM backend.
Assisted-by: Copilot:GPT-5.5
Signed-off-by: Wei Liu <liuwe@microsoft.com>
Windows can access CRB registers with byte-sized writes and reads. The
TPM device model used the byte offset as a u32 register index, which
corrupted unaligned accesses and could expose invalid CRB state.
Preserve the containing register on partial writes, read from the
correct byte lane, allow exact-end buffer accesses.
Assisted-by: Copilot:GPT-5.5
Signed-off-by: Wei Liu <liuwe@microsoft.com>
The helper used to communicate the TPM Establishment bit between the
swtpm backend and the CRB device had inverted semantics:
self.established_flag = est.resp.bit == 0;
so `established_flag == true` actually meant "*not* established". The
device-side call site then double-negated:
if !self.emulator.get_established_flag() {
val |= 0x1; // tpmEstablished in TPM_LOC_STATE
}
The end-to-end behaviour was correct but the boundary between the
swtpm-specific backend and the (TCG-spec defined) CRB device was hard
to follow and easy to misuse -- the now-removed pre-init check in
Emulator::new() was an example of that confusion (it errored out with
"TPM not in established state" precisely when the TPM *was*
established).
Per the TCG PC Client Platform TPM Profile (PTP) specification, bit 0
of TPM_LOC_STATE_x is `tpmEstablished`:
* 0 = default state after a cold reset
* 1 = a TPM2_Startup from Locality 3 or 4 has occurred
Rename the backend accessor to `get_established_bit()` and return the
bit value directly (true == 1, false == 0). The CRB device then simply
forwards the bit, with no inversion, which makes the spec mapping
obvious and removes swtpm-flavoured naming from the device layer.
No functional change.
Asissted-by: Copilot:GPT-5.5
Signed-off-by: Wei Liu <liuwe@microsoft.com>
For KVM SEV-SNP guests, the VMM should not modify the kernel
boot header before sending it via fw_cfg. The guest firmware is expected
to set fields like type_of_loader itself.
For upcoming measured boot logic for SEV-SNP, modifying `type_of_loader`
causes the kernel hash computed by the VMM to diverge from the hash that
`sev-snp-measure` (and the guest firmware) compute, resulting in a
launch measurement mismatch.
This matches QEMU's behavior, which skips kernel header modifications
for confidential guests so the data sent via fw_cfg matches the
original kernel file provided by the user.
Signed-off-by: Ruben Hakobyan <hruben@meta.com>
QEMU supports passing inline string values to the guest via fw_cfg
(-fw_cfg name=...,string=...). Cloud Hypervisor previously only
supported file-backed fw_cfg items. This adds the 'string' option
so users can pass values like OVMF's X-PciMmio64Mb without creating
a temporary file on the host.
Each fw_cfg item now accepts exactly one of 'file' or 'string'.
The FwCfgInvalidItem invariant is validated in PayloadConfig::validate()
(via FwCfgConfig::validate()), covering both CLI and JSON API paths.
The populate_fw_cfg match arm uses unreachable!() since validation
guarantees the invariant holds at that point.
CLI syntax:
--fw-cfg-config items=[name=opt/ovmf/X-PciMmio64Mb,string=262144]
Signed-off-by: Keith Adler <kadler@cloudflare.com>
The Linux x86 boot protocol defines the setup area as
(setup_sects + 1) * 512 bytes. Previously we exported only the
boot_params buffer (4096 bytes), which is wrong for kernels with
setup_sects >= 8 where the actual setup area exceeds boot_params.
Truncate or extend the existing buffer to the correct setup_sects-
derived length, reading any extra bytes directly from the kernel file.
This avoids an extra allocation in the common case (setup_sects <= 7)
and matches QEMU's fw_cfg_add_kernel() behavior in
hw/i386/x86-common.c.
Signed-off-by: Dylan Reid <dgreid@fb.com>
Plumb ACPI S5 shutdown through guest_exit_evt instead of the shared
exit path.
This keeps guest-triggered shutdown separate from fatal VMM exit
handling. Management software, for example libvirt, expects that
distinction, and making it explicit aligns Cloud Hypervisor more
closely with QEMU.
Only the guest shutdown path is moved here. Reboot handling stays on
reset_evt and non-guest exit paths are left unchanged.
On-behalf-of: SAP leander.kohler@sap.com
Signed-off-by: Leander Kohler <leander.kohler@cyberus-technology.de>
When BAR reprogramming is detected, detect_bar_reprogramming()
eagerly updates the BAR address in config space before the actual
MMIO remapping occurs. If the subsequent move_bar() fails (e.g.
the new address falls outside the allocator range), the config
register retains the new address while the MMIO bus still uses
the old one, leaving the device broken.
Add restore_bar_addr() to undo the config space update when
move_bar() fails, so the device remains functional at its
original address.
For 64-bit BARs, restore both the low and high BAR slots as well
as the corresponding config registers, mirroring the two-slot
update logic in detect_bar_reprogramming().
Implement restore_bar_addr() for all PciDevice implementations
(VirtioPciDevice, VfioPciDevice, VfioUserPciDevice, IvshmemDevice,
PvPanicDevice, and PvmemcontrolPciDevice) by delegating to their
respective PciConfiguration::restore_bar_addr().
Signed-off-by: CMGS <ilskdw@gmail.com>
Refactor PciDevice::allocate_bars trait and all implementations
to take &mut SystemAllocator instead of &Arc<Mutex<SystemAllocator>>,
removing double indirection.
The caller in device_manager.rs now acquires the lock before
calling allocate_bars.
Signed-off-by: Chinmoy <daschinmoyy21@gmail.com>
This is a follow-up of [0].
# Advantages
- This saves dozens of unneeded clone()s across the whole code base
- Makes it much easier to reason about how parameters are used
(often we passed owned Arc/Rc versions without actually needing
ownership)
# Exceptions
For certain code paths, the alternatives would require awkward or overly
complex code, and in some cases the functions are the logical owners of
the values they take. In those cases, I've added
#[allow(clippy::needless_pass_by_value)].
This does not mean that one should not improve this in the future.
[0] 6a86c157af
Signed-off-by: Philipp Schuster <philipp.schuster@cyberus-technology.de>
On-behalf-of: SAP philipp.schuster@sap.com
This helps to uncover expensive and needless clones in the code base.
For example, I prevented extensive clones in the snapshot path where
(nested) BTreeMap's have been cloned over and over again. Further,
the lint helps devs to much better reason about the ownership of
parameters.
All of these changes have been done manually with the necessary
caution. A few structs that are cheap to clone are now `copy` so that
this lint won't trigger for them.
I didn't enable the lint so far as it is a massive rabbit hole and
needs much more fixes. Nevertheless, it is very useful.
Signed-off-by: Philipp Schuster <philipp.schuster@cyberus-technology.de>
On-behalf-of: SAP philipp.schuster@sap.com
This should be guaranteed by GuestMemory and GuestMemoryRegion, but
those traits are currently safe, so add checks to guard against
incorrect implementations of them.
Signed-off-by: Demi Marie Obenour <demiobenour@gmail.com>
To ensure that struct sizes are the same on 32-bit and 64-bit, various
kernel APIs use __u64 (Rust u64) to represent userspace pointers.
Userspace is expected to cast pointers to __u64 before passing them to
the kernel, and cast kernel-provided __u64 to a pointer before using
them. However, various safe APIs in Cloud Hypervisor took
caller-provided u64 values and passed them to syscalls that interpret
them as userspace addresses. Therefore, passing bad u64 values would
cause memory disclosure or corruption.
Fix the bug by using usize and pointer types as appropriate. To make
soundness of the code easier to reason about, the PCI code gains a new
MmapRegion abstraction that ensures the validity of pointers. The rest
of the code already has an MmapRegion abstraction it can use. To avoid
having to reason about whether something is keeping the MmapRegion
alive, reference counting is added. MmapRegion cannot hold references
to other objects, so the reference counting cannot introduce cycles.
Signed-off-by: Demi Marie Obenour <demiobenour@gmail.com>
This better aligns with the rest of the code and makes it clearer
that these tests can run "as is" in a normal hosted environments
without the special test environment.
Signed-off-by: Philipp Schuster <philipp.schuster@cyberus-technology.de>
On-behalf-of: SAP philipp.schuster@sap.com
Fix clippy warning `uninlined_format_args` reported by rustc rustc
1.89.0 (29483883e 2025-08-04).
```console
warning: variables can be used directly in the `format!` string
--> block/src/lib.rs:649:17
|
649 | info!("{} failed to create io_uring instance: {}", error_msg, e);
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
= help: for further information visit https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html#uninlined_format_args
= note: `#[warn(clippy::uninlined_format_args)]` on by default
help: change this to
|
649 - info!("{} failed to create io_uring instance: {}", error_msg, e);
649 + info!("{error_msg} failed to create io_uring instance: {e}");
|
```
Signed-off-by: Ruoqing He <heruoqing@iscas.ac.cn>
This patch introduces the inter-vm shared memory(ivshmem) device
to share a memory region between multiple processes running
different guests and the host.
This patch supports the basic ivshmem functions like ivshmem-plain
in QEMU[1].
[1] https://www.qemu.org/docs/master/specs/ivshmem-spec.html
Signed-off-by: Yi Wang <foxywang@tencent.com>
Signed-off-by: Songqian Li <sionli@tencent.com>
This is the first change to Cloud Hypervisor in a series of changes
intended to increase the max number of supported vCPUs in guest VMs,
which is currently limited to 255 (254 on x86_64).
No user-visible/behavior changes are expected as a result of
applying this patch, as the type of boot_cpus and related
fields in config structs remains u8 for now, and all configuration
validations remain the same.
Signed-off-by: Barret Rhoden <brho@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Neel Natu <neelnatu@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Ofir Weisse <oweisse@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Oskolkov <posk@google.com>
This allows us to enable/disable the fw_cfg device via the cli
We can also now upload files into the guest vm using fw_cfg_items
via the cli
Signed-off-by: Alex Orozco <alexorozco@google.com>
This allows the fw_cfg device to be recognized by the guest linux
kernel. This becomes more relavnt in the following cl where I add
the option to load files into the guest via fw_cfg. The Linux kernel
already has a fw_cfg driver that will automatically load these files
under /sys when CONFIG_FW_CFG_SYSFS is enabled in the kernel config
For arm we must add fw_cfg to the devices tree
Signed-off-by: Alex Orozco <alexorozco@google.com>
We pass a reference to the guest memory when we create the device
in DeviceManager. This allows us to access the guest memory for DMA.
Signed-off-by: Alex Orozco <alexorozco@google.com>
The acpi tables are created in the same place the acpi tables would be
created for the regular bootflow, except here we add them to the
fw_cfg device to be measured by the fw and then the fw will put the
acpi tables into memory.
Signed-off-by: Alex Orozco <alexorozco@google.com>
The kernel and initramfs are passed to the fw_cfg device as
file references. The cmdline is passed directly.
Signed-off-by: Alex Orozco <alexorozco@google.com>
Here we add the fw_cfg device as a legacy device to the device manager.
It is guarded behind a fw_cfg flag in vmm at creation of the
DeviceManager. In this cl we implement the fw_cfg device with one
function (signature).
Signed-off-by: Alex Orozco <alexorozco@google.com>
The PL031 RTC provides two features: a real-time counter and an alarm
interrupt. To use the alarm, the driver normally writes a time value
into the match register RTCMR, and when the counter reaches that value
the device triggers the interrupt.
At the moment the implementation ignores programming of the alarm, as
the feature seems rarely used in VMs. However the interrupt is still
triggered arbitrarily when the guest writes to registers, and the line
is never cleared. This really confuses the Linux driver, which loops in
the interrupt handler until Linux realizes that no one is dealing with
the interrupt (200000 unanswered calls) and disables the handler.
One way to fix this would be implementing the alarm function properly,
which isn't too difficult but requires adding some async timer logic
which probably won't ever get used. In addition the device's interrupt
is level-triggered and we don't support level interrupts at the moment,
though we could probably get away with changing this interrupt to edge.
The simplest fix, though, is to just disable the interrupt logic
entirely, so that the alarm function still doesn't work but the guest
doesn't see spurious interrupts.
Add a default() implementation to satisfy clippy's new_without_default
check, since Rtc::new() doesn't take a parameter after this change.
Signed-off-by: Jean-Philippe Brucker <jean-philippe@linaro.org>
