Protected VMs (PVM) are KVM VMs, where KVM can't access the VM's state
like guest memory and guest registers anymore. Instead the PVMs are
mostly managed by a new entity called Ultravisor (UV), which provides
an API, so KVM and the PV can request management actions.
PVMs are encrypted at rest and protected from hypervisor access while
running. They switch from a normal operation into protected mode, so
we can still use the standard boot process to load an encrypted image
and then move it into protected mode.
This commit adds the tool 'genprotimg'. It takes a kernel, key files,
optionally an initrd, optionally a file with the kernel command line,
and it generates a single, loadable image file. The image consists of
a concatenation of a plain text boot loader, the encrypted components
for kernel, initrd, and cmdline, and the integrity-protected PV
header, containing metadata necessary for running the guest in PV
mode.
It's possible to use this image file as a kernel for zipl or for a
direct kernel boot using QEMU.
Reviewed-by: Bjoern Walk <bwalk@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Patrick Steuer <patrick.steuer@de.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
The pod2usage function from module Pod::Usage always emits this warning
when the module is loaded, even if the funtion is not invoked at all:
The script_run feature is experimental in regex;
marked by <-- HERE in m/(*script_run: <-- HERE ^ .* $ )/
at (eval 14) line 2.
To avoid this warning every time the cpumf_helper script is invoked,
do not use function pod2usage. The use of this function has no
benefit. cpumf_helper is invoked under the covers from lscpumf and
chcpumf, so it is sufficient to print the help text in case a wrong
parameter has been supplied.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
`linux/asm/types.h` also defines the struct `__vector128` so in order
to avoid definition conflicts add the macro guard _S390_TYPES_H, which
is defined in `linux/asm/types`. `linux/asm/types.h` is included by
glib2, which is used by the PV tooling.
Reviewed-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Add IBM Z15 extended counter definition file to Makefile
DATA_FILES list.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Format and print HBA FC Endpoint Security trace records with a record ID
of ZFCP_DBF_HBA_FCES (5). Align output to the one of FSF response trace
records for readability. Note that the FSF protocol status is most likely
FSF_PROT_GOOD (0x00000001).
Signed-off-by: Jens Remus <jremus@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Steffen Maier <maier@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Add support to report Fibre Channel (FC) Endpoint Security
related information for zfcp-host and zfcp-lun devices.
Allow to query (lszdev) and provide help for (chzdev) the FC Endpoint
Security capability of a FCP device (zfcp-host). Provide this
information by defining the FCP device attribute fc_security in zdev
zfcp-host.
Allow to query (lszdev) and provide help for (chzdev) the FC Endpoint
Security in use on a connection between a FCP device and a FC remote
port. Provide this information by introducing a virtual zdev zfcp-lun
attribute fc_security. It returns the fc_security attribute value of
the zfcp port object representing the FC remote port used to access the
LUN.
This approach allows users of lszdev to easily query the FC Endpoint
Security in use on the connections to one or more FCP LUNs. It also
does not require the effort to introduce a zfcp-port device type in
zdev.
The fc_security attribute help for both zfcp-host and zfcp-lun can be
queried for example as follows:
chzdev zfcp --help-attribute
The fc_security attribute values and path of all active zfcp devices
can be queried for example as follows:
lszdev zfcp -a -c TYPE,ID,ATTR:fc_security,ATTRPATH:fc_security
Signed-off-by: Jens Remus <jremus@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Oberparleiter <oberpar@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Steffen Maier <maier@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Fedor Loshakov <loshakov@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Block <bblock@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
As preparation for a following commit reorder the path logic in function
zfcp_lun_st_get_active_attrib_path(). This then allows to handle
subsequent special cases more easily. Additionally it also enhances the
readability of the expression.
Signed-off-by: Jens Remus <jremus@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Oberparleiter <oberpar@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Fedor Loshakov <loshakov@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Block <bblock@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Add support for defining read-only attributes in the chzdev/lszdev
tools. These attributes can be used to provide online documentation
for specific attributes via the --help-attribute and --list-attributes
tool functions.
Signed-off-by: Peter Oberparleiter <oberpar@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jens Remus <jremus@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Fedor Loshakov <loshakov@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Block <bblock@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Add support for the placement of the stage3b loader at other addresses
than 0xa000. For this add a position independent relocator that first
copies the original stage3b code to the memory location 0xa000 and
then starts it.
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Use C pre-processor for linker script generation. This allows the
usage of constants in our "linker scripts" `*.lds.S` (actually, these
are assembler files, so we can make us of the C pre-processor and its
capabilities).
Suggested-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Add a boot loader for protected virtualization (PV) that can be
combined with a kernel/initrd/parmfile to form a single bootable file.
This file must be constructed in a way that it can be used (1) for a
QEMU direct kernel boot and (2) it can be zipl'ed by the normal,
unmodified zipl program.
This new boot loader consists of two parts:
1. stage3a boot loader (cleartext), this loader is responsible for
the transition into the protected mode by doing diag308 subcode 8
and 10 calls.
2. stage3b boot loader (encrypted), this loader is very similar to the
normal zipl stage3 boot loader. It will be loaded by the Ultravisor
after the successful transition into protected mode. Like the zipl
stage3 boot loader it moves the kernel and patches in the values
for initrd and parmline.
The requirements for (1) and (2) result in the following constraints:
1. It must be possible to place stage3a and stage3b at a location >=
0x10000 because the zipl stage3 loader zeroes out everything at
addresses lower than 0x10000 of the image.
2. As the stage3 loader of zipl assumes that the passed kernel image
looks like a normal kernel image, the zipl stage3 loader modifies the
content at the memory area 0x10400 - 0x10800, therefore we leave this
area unused in our stage3a loader.
3. The default entry address used by the zipl stage3 loader is 0x10000
so we add a simple branch to 0x11000 at 0x10000 so the zipl stage3
loader can modify the area 0x10400 - 0x10800 without affecting the
stage3a loader.
The stage3b loader is linked at address 0x9000, therefore it will not
work at another address. The relocation support for the stage3b
loader, so that it can be placed at addresses != 0x9000, is added in
the next patch. This loader with relocation support has the name
'stage3b_reloc'.
The memory layout of the single bootable file looks like:
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|Start |End |Use |
+=======================+===========+========================+
|0 |0x7 |Short PSW, starting |
| | |instruction at 0x11000 |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|0x10000 |0x10012 |Branch to 0x11000 |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|0x10013 |0x10fff |Left intentionally |
| | |unused |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|0x11000 |0x12fff |Stage3a |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|0x13000 |0x13fff |IPIB used as argument |
| | |for the diag308 call |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|0x14000 |0x1[45]fff |UV header used for the |
| | |diag308 call (size can |
| | |be either 1 or 2 pages) |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|NEXT_PAGE_ALIGNED_ADDR | |Encrypted Kernel |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|NEXT_PAGE_ALIGNED_ADDR | |Encrypted Cmdline |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|NEXT_PAGE_ALIGNED_ADDR | |Encrypted Initrd |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
|NEXT_PAGE_ALIGNED_ADDR | |Encrypted Stage3b_reloc |
+-----------------------+-----------+------------------------+
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Consolidate `ALIGN, __ALIGN_MASK, ARRAY_SIZE` macros and add them to
lib/zt_common.h. While at it, adapt coding style.
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Add support for new deflate counters:
- Counter 247: cycles CPU spent obtaining access to Deflate unit
- Counter 252: cycles CPU is using Deflate unit
- Counter 264: Increments by one for every DEFLATE CONVERSION CALL
instruction executed.
- Counter 265: Increments by one for every DEFLATE CONVERSION CALL
instruction executed that ended in Condition Codes
0, 1 or 2.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Add `sclp_print_ascii` function that can be used to print output on
the SCLP ASCII console. This would increase the size of the
loaders (e.g. eckd2.bin and fba2.bin) and therefore might break the
compilation. In order to avoid that add a macro 'ENABLE_SCLP_ASCII'
which must be defined by the users of the `sclp_print_ascii` function.
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
This allows the reuse of the code later in sclp.c. While at it, also
declare @source parameter of `ebcdic_to_ascii` function as `const` and
rename all `ebc_` function name prefixes into `ebcdic_`. Move
conversion tables to separate file so it only gets linked into loaders
that need it.
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Errors fixed:
../../include/boot/s390.h: In function '__stfle_asm':
../../include/boot/s390.h:424:41: error: conversion to 'long unsigned int' from 'int' may change the sign of the result [-Werror=sign-conversion]
register unsigned long reg0 asm("0") = size - 1;
../../include/boot/s390.h: In function 'stfle':
../../include/boot/s390.h:453:31: error: conversion to 'long unsigned int' from 'int' may change the sign of the result [-Werror=sign-conversion]
nr = MIN((nr + 1) * 8, size * 8UL);
../../include/boot/s390.h: In function 'diag308':
../../include/boot/s390.h:296:9: error: conversion from 'long unsigned int' to 'int' may change value [-Werror=conversion]
return _rc;
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Now that we made sure that s390.h can be used with our minimal libc
implementation and glibc move s390.h to `include/boot/s390.h`. While
at it, make sure that s390.h is assembler compatible as it will be
used later in the PV boot loader and include s390.h in ipl.h as
PAGE_SIZE is used there.
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
This allows the use of s390.h in combination with other libc
implementations than our minimal libc, e.g. with glibc.
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Rename `inline` macro into `__always_inline` so one can differentiate
between the macro and the C keyword. While at it, undefine the
previous `__always_inline` macro so s390.h can be used in combination
with glibc.
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Move the loaders (stage2/stage3) layout values to
`include/boot/loaders_layout.h` and use the `_AC` macro for the
constants. This allows the reuse of the definitions, e.g. in assembler
files, and later for the creation of linker scripts.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Use STAGE3_ENTRY for STAGE3_LOAD_ADDRESS as they have the same value
and this makes it more clear that the load address of stage3 is also
its entry point.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Use the constants defined in `linux_layout.h`. Therefore move the
`PARMAREA` address offset to `linux_layout.h` and include the header.
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Move the Linux layout values to `include/boot/linux_layout.h`. This
allows the reuse of the definitions, e.g. in assembler files, and
later for the creation of linker scripts.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Make `IPL_DEVICE` definition consistent with the kernel definition and
the definition in tape0.S. This allows us to refactor the code later.
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Move the IPL related definitions into `include/boot/ipl.h`. This
allows the reuse of the definitions, e.g. in the boot loader for
protected guests.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Support `lib/zt_common.h` to be used in assembler files. In addition,
add the macro `_AC` that can be used to make constant macros usable in
both assembler and C code.
Suggested-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
This can be helpful when diagnosing network performance issues.
Signed-off-by: Julian Wiedmann <jwi@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
The secure= option is not supported in the defaultboot section when a
menu is used. It should be placed in the menu section in this case.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
The use of sprintf can easily result in buffer overflows as it assumes
that the buffer it writes to is large enough to contain the formatted
string. Thus replace sprintf by snprintf and update its users.
This removes the last user of vsprintf. Thus also remove vsprintf and
its dependencies.
Signed-off-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Per definition vsprint assumes that the provided buffer it writes to is
large enough to contain the formatted string. As printf uses a fixed
sized buffer (81 bytes) and has no size checks the use of vsprintf can
easily cause buffer overflows. Protect against these buffer overflows by
using vsnprintf instead.
While at it fix a typo in the comment.
Reported-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
The zipl boot loaders have their own minimalistic libc implementation.
In it printf and sprintf use vsprintf for string formatting. Per
definition vsprintf assumes that the buffer it writes to is large enough
to contain the formatted string and performs no size checks. This is
problematic for the boot loaders because the buffer they use are often
allocated on the stack. Thus even small changes to the string format can
potentially cause buffer overflows on the stack with the well known
consequences. Protect against such errors by implementing vsnprintf.
Later patches will make use of it.
This implementation of vsnprintf only supports a small subset of format
options defined in the C standard. In particular it allows the
specifiers:
* %s (strings)
* %o (unsigned int octal)
* %u (unsigned int decimal)
* %x (unsigned int hexadecimal)
Integer specifiers (o, u, and x) always use the long form, i.e. assume the
argument to be of type 'unsigned long int'. The length modified 'l' can
be given but is ignored.
Furthermore, it is possible to provide the optional field width (aligned
to the right only) and precision as decimal integer (i.e. not via '*')
as well as the flag for zero padding integers (i.e. '0').
The implementation was heavily inspired by the implementation in
lib/vsprintf.c from the Linux kernel tree.
Signed-off-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Haberland <sth@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
A simple comment above the struct declaration to indicate that the
structure must not have any padding is prone to error. Therefore let's
add a check for the structure size at compile time.
Reviewed-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Höppner <hoeppner@linux.ibm.com>
