build: Release v31.2 (bug fix release)

Signed-off-by: Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>
misc: Address clippy beta issues
2026-08-05 02:19:16 +00:00 · 2023-07-06 14:55:05 -07:00 · 2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00 · 2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00 · 2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00 · 2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
91 changed files with 1204 additions and 3562 deletions
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yaml
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ jobs:
          - stable
          - beta
          - nightly
-          - "1.64"
+          - "1.62"
        target:
          - x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
          - x86_64-unknown-linux-musl
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ jobs:
      - name: Build (default features + tdx)
        run: cargo rustc --locked --bin cloud-hypervisor --features "tdx" -- -D warnings -D clippy::undocumented_unsafe_blocks

-      - name: Build (default features + dbus_api)
-        run: cargo rustc --locked --bin cloud-hypervisor --features "dbus_api" -- -D warnings -D clippy::undocumented_unsafe_blocks
-
      - name: Build (default features + guest_debug)
        run: cargo rustc --locked --bin cloud-hypervisor --features "guest_debug" -- -D warnings -D clippy::undocumented_unsafe_blocks

--- a/.github/workflows/hadolint.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/hadolint.yaml
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-name: Lint Dockerfile
-
-on:
-  push:
-    paths:
-    - resources/Dockerfile
-  pull_request:
-    paths:
-    - resources/Dockerfile
-
-jobs:
-  hadolint:
-    name: Run Hadolint Dockerfile Linter
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
-
-      - name: Lint Dockerfile
-        uses: hadolint/hadolint-action@master
-        with:
-          dockerfile: ./resources/Dockerfile
-          format: tty
-          no-fail: false
-          verbose: true
-          failure-threshold: info
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "cloud-hypervisor"
-version = "33.0.0"
+version = "31.2.0"
 authors = ["The Cloud Hypervisor Authors"]
 edition = "2021"
 default-run = "cloud-hypervisor"
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ homepage = "https://github.com/cloud-hypervisor/cloud-hypervisor"
 # a.) A dependency requires it,
 # b.) If we want to use a new feature and that MSRV is at least 6 months old,
 # c.) There is a security issue that is addressed by the toolchain update.
-rust-version = "1.64"
+rust-version = "1.62"

 [profile.release]
 lto = true
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ strip = false
 debug = true

 [dependencies]
-anyhow = "1.0.71"
+anyhow = "1.0.69"
 api_client = { path = "api_client" }
 argh = "0.1.9"
 dhat = { version = "0.3.2", optional = true }
@@ -40,34 +40,31 @@ libc = "0.2.139"
 log = { version = "0.4.17", features = ["std"] }
 option_parser = { path = "option_parser" }
 seccompiler = "0.3.0"
-serde_json = "1.0.96"
+serde_json = "1.0.95"
 signal-hook = "0.3.15"
-thiserror = "1.0.40"
+thiserror = "1.0.39"
 tpm = { path = "tpm"}
 tracer = { path = "tracer" }
 vmm = { path = "vmm" }
 vmm-sys-util = "0.11.0"
-vm-memory = "0.11.0"
-zbus = { version = "3.11.1", optional = true }
+vm-memory = "0.10.0"

 # List of patched crates
 [patch.crates-io]
 kvm-bindings = { git = "https://github.com/cloud-hypervisor/kvm-bindings", branch = "ch-v0.6.0-tdx" }
 kvm-ioctls = { git = "https://github.com/rust-vmm/kvm-ioctls", branch = "main" }
 versionize_derive = { git = "https://github.com/cloud-hypervisor/versionize_derive", branch = "ch" }
-vhost = { git = "https://github.com/rust-vmm/vhost", branch = "main" }

 [dev-dependencies]
-dirs = "5.0.0"
+dirs = "4.0.0"
 net_util = { path = "net_util" }
 once_cell = "1.17.1"
-serde_json = "1.0.96"
+serde_json = "1.0.95"
 test_infra = { path = "test_infra" }
 wait-timeout = "0.2.0"

 [features]
 default = ["kvm"]
-dbus_api = ["zbus", "vmm/dbus_api"]
 dhat-heap = ["dhat"] # For heap profiling
 guest_debug = ["vmm/guest_debug"]
 kvm = ["vmm/kvm"]
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -140,10 +140,7 @@ The Ubuntu cloud images do not ship with a default password so it necessary to
 use a `cloud-init` disk image to customise the image on the first boot. A basic
 `cloud-init` image is generated by this [script](scripts/create-cloud-init.sh).
 This seeds the image with a default username/password of `cloud/cloud123`. It
-is only necessary to add this disk image on the first boot. Script also assigns
-default IP address using `test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/local/network-config` details
-with `--net "mac=12:34:56:78:90:ab,tap="` option. Then the matching mac address
-interface will be enabled as per `network-config` details.
+is only necessary to add this disk image on the first boot.

 ```shell
 $ sudo setcap cap_net_admin+ep ./cloud-hypervisor
--- a/arch/Cargo.toml
+++ b/arch/Cargo.toml
@@ -9,18 +9,18 @@ default = []
 tdx = []

 [dependencies]
-anyhow = "1.0.71"
+anyhow = "1.0.69"
 byteorder = "1.4.3"
 hypervisor = { path = "../hypervisor" }
 libc = "0.2.139"
-linux-loader = { version = "0.9.0", features = ["elf", "bzimage", "pe"] }
+linux-loader = { version = "0.8.1", features = ["elf", "bzimage", "pe"] }
 log = "0.4.17"
-serde = { version = "1.0.164", features = ["rc", "derive"] }
-thiserror = "1.0.40"
-uuid = "1.3.4"
+serde = { version = "1.0.151", features = ["rc", "derive"] }
+thiserror = "1.0.39"
+uuid = "1.3.0"
 versionize = "0.1.10"
 versionize_derive = "0.1.4"
-vm-memory = { version = "0.11.0", features = ["backend-mmap", "backend-bitmap"] }
+vm-memory = { version = "0.10.0", features = ["backend-mmap", "backend-bitmap"] }
 vm-migration = { path = "../vm-migration" }
 vmm-sys-util = { version = "0.11.0", features = ["with-serde"] }

--- a/arch/src/aarch64/fdt.rs
+++ b/arch/src/aarch64/fdt.rs
@@ -24,8 +24,6 @@ use super::layout::{
    IRQ_BASE, MEM_32BIT_DEVICES_SIZE, MEM_32BIT_DEVICES_START, MEM_PCI_IO_SIZE, MEM_PCI_IO_START,
    PCI_HIGH_BASE, PCI_MMIO_CONFIG_SIZE_PER_SEGMENT,
 };
-use std::fs;
-use std::path::Path;
 use vm_fdt::{FdtWriter, FdtWriterResult};
 use vm_memory::{Address, Bytes, GuestMemory, GuestMemoryError, GuestMemoryRegion};

@@ -42,12 +40,8 @@ const VIRTIO_IOMMU_PHANDLE: u32 = 5;
 // NOTE: Keep FIRST_VCPU_PHANDLE the last PHANDLE defined.
 // This is a value for uniquely identifying the FDT node containing the first vCPU.
 // The last number of vCPU phandle depends on the number of vCPUs.
-const FIRST_VCPU_PHANDLE: u32 = 8;
+const FIRST_VCPU_PHANDLE: u32 = 6;

-// This is a value for uniquely identifying the FDT node containing the L2 cache info
-const L2_CACHE_PHANDLE: u32 = 6;
-// This is a value for uniquely identifying the FDT node containing the L3 cache info
-const L3_CACHE_PHANDLE: u32 = 7;
 // Read the documentation specified when appending the root node to the FDT.
 const ADDRESS_CELLS: u32 = 0x2;
 const SIZE_CELLS: u32 = 0x2;
@@ -87,97 +81,6 @@ pub enum Error {
 }
 type Result<T> = result::Result<T, Error>;

-pub enum CacheLevel {
-    /// L1 data cache
-    L1D = 0,
-    /// L1 instruction cache
-    L1I = 1,
-    /// L2 cache
-    L2 = 2,
-    /// L3 cache
-    L3 = 3,
-}
-
-/// NOTE: CACHE SIZE file directory example,
-/// "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cache/index0/size".
-pub fn get_cache_size(cache_level: CacheLevel) -> u32 {
-    let mut file_directory: String = "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cache".to_string();
-    match cache_level {
-        CacheLevel::L1D => file_directory += "/index0/size",
-        CacheLevel::L1I => file_directory += "/index1/size",
-        CacheLevel::L2 => file_directory += "/index2/size",
-        CacheLevel::L3 => file_directory += "/index3/size",
-    }
-
-    let file_path = Path::new(&file_directory);
-    if !file_path.exists() {
-        error!("File: {} not exist.", file_directory);
-        0
-    } else {
-        info!("File: {} exist.", file_directory);
-
-        let src = fs::read_to_string(file_directory).expect("File not exists or file corrupted.");
-        // The content of the file is as simple as a size, like: "32K"
-        let src = src.trim();
-        let src_digits: u32 = src[0..src.len() - 1].parse().unwrap();
-        let src_unit = &src[src.len() - 1..];
-
-        src_digits
-            * match src_unit {
-                "K" => 1024,
-                "M" => 1024u32.pow(2),
-                "G" => 1024u32.pow(3),
-                _ => 1,
-            }
-    }
-}
-
-/// NOTE: CACHE COHERENCY LINE SIZE file directory example,
-/// "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cache/index0/coherency_line_size".
-pub fn get_cache_coherency_line_size(cache_level: CacheLevel) -> u32 {
-    let mut file_directory: String = "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cache".to_string();
-    match cache_level {
-        CacheLevel::L1D => file_directory += "/index0/coherency_line_size",
-        CacheLevel::L1I => file_directory += "/index1/coherency_line_size",
-        CacheLevel::L2 => file_directory += "/index2/coherency_line_size",
-        CacheLevel::L3 => file_directory += "/index3/coherency_line_size",
-    }
-
-    let file_path = Path::new(&file_directory);
-    if !file_path.exists() {
-        error!("File: {} not exist.", file_directory);
-        0
-    } else {
-        info!("File: {} exist.", file_directory);
-
-        let src = fs::read_to_string(file_directory).expect("File not exists or file corrupted.");
-        src.trim().parse::<u32>().unwrap()
-    }
-}
-
-/// NOTE: CACHE NUMBER OF SETS file directory example,
-/// "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cache/index0/number_of_sets".
-pub fn get_cache_number_of_sets(cache_level: CacheLevel) -> u32 {
-    let mut file_directory: String = "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cache".to_string();
-    match cache_level {
-        CacheLevel::L1D => file_directory += "/index0/number_of_sets",
-        CacheLevel::L1I => file_directory += "/index1/number_of_sets",
-        CacheLevel::L2 => file_directory += "/index2/number_of_sets",
-        CacheLevel::L3 => file_directory += "/index3/number_of_sets",
-    }
-
-    let file_path = Path::new(&file_directory);
-    if !file_path.exists() {
-        error!("File: {} not exist.", file_directory);
-        0
-    } else {
-        info!("File: {} exist.", file_directory);
-
-        let src = fs::read_to_string(file_directory).expect("File not exists or file corrupted.");
-        src.trim().parse::<u32>().unwrap()
-    }
-}
-
 /// Creates the flattened device tree for this aarch64 VM.
 #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
 pub fn create_fdt<T: DeviceInfoForFdt + Clone + Debug, S: ::std::hash::BuildHasher>(
@@ -256,54 +159,6 @@ fn create_cpu_nodes(

    let num_cpus = vcpu_mpidr.len();

-    // Add cache info.
-    // L1 Data Cache Info.
-    let mut l1_d_cache_size: u32 = 0;
-    let mut l1_d_cache_line_size: u32 = 0;
-    let mut l1_d_cache_sets: u32 = 0;
-
-    // L1 Instruction Cache Info.
-    let mut l1_i_cache_size: u32 = 0;
-    let mut l1_i_cache_line_size: u32 = 0;
-    let mut l1_i_cache_sets: u32 = 0;
-
-    // L2 Cache Info.
-    let mut l2_cache_size: u32 = 0;
-    let mut l2_cache_line_size: u32 = 0;
-    let mut l2_cache_sets: u32 = 0;
-
-    // L3 Cache Info.
-    let mut l3_cache_size: u32 = 0;
-    let mut l3_cache_line_size: u32 = 0;
-    let mut l3_cache_sets: u32 = 0;
-
-    let cache_path = Path::new("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cache");
-    let cache_exist: bool = cache_path.exists();
-    if !cache_exist {
-        error!("cache sysfs system does not exist.");
-    } else {
-        info!("cache sysfs system exists.");
-        // L1 Data Cache Info.
-        l1_d_cache_size = get_cache_size(CacheLevel::L1D);
-        l1_d_cache_line_size = get_cache_coherency_line_size(CacheLevel::L1D);
-        l1_d_cache_sets = get_cache_number_of_sets(CacheLevel::L1D);
-
-        // L1 Instruction Cache Info.
-        l1_i_cache_size = get_cache_size(CacheLevel::L1I);
-        l1_i_cache_line_size = get_cache_coherency_line_size(CacheLevel::L1I);
-        l1_i_cache_sets = get_cache_number_of_sets(CacheLevel::L1I);
-
-        // L2 Cache Info.
-        l2_cache_size = get_cache_size(CacheLevel::L2);
-        l2_cache_line_size = get_cache_coherency_line_size(CacheLevel::L2);
-        l2_cache_sets = get_cache_number_of_sets(CacheLevel::L2);
-
-        // L3 Cache Info.
-        l3_cache_size = get_cache_size(CacheLevel::L3);
-        l3_cache_line_size = get_cache_coherency_line_size(CacheLevel::L3);
-        l3_cache_sets = get_cache_number_of_sets(CacheLevel::L3);
-    }
-
    for (cpu_id, mpidr) in vcpu_mpidr.iter().enumerate().take(num_cpus) {
        let cpu_name = format!("cpu@{cpu_id:x}");
        let cpu_node = fdt.begin_node(&cpu_name)?;
@@ -318,21 +173,6 @@ fn create_cpu_nodes(
        fdt.property_u32("reg", (mpidr & 0x7FFFFF) as u32)?;
        fdt.property_u32("phandle", cpu_id as u32 + FIRST_VCPU_PHANDLE)?;

-        if cache_exist && l1_d_cache_size != 0 && l1_i_cache_size != 0 {
-            // Add cache info.
-            fdt.property_u32("d-cache-size", l1_d_cache_size)?;
-            fdt.property_u32("d-cache-line-size", l1_d_cache_line_size)?;
-            fdt.property_u32("d-cache-sets", l1_d_cache_sets)?;
-
-            fdt.property_u32("i-cache-size", l1_i_cache_size)?;
-            fdt.property_u32("i-cache-line-size", l1_i_cache_line_size)?;
-            fdt.property_u32("i-cache-sets", l1_i_cache_sets)?;
-
-            if l2_cache_size != 0 {
-                fdt.property_u32("next-level-cache", L2_CACHE_PHANDLE)?;
-            }
-        }
-
        // Add `numa-node-id` property if there is any numa config.
        if numa_nodes.len() > 1 {
            for numa_node_idx in 0..numa_nodes.len() {
@@ -346,36 +186,6 @@ fn create_cpu_nodes(
        fdt.end_node(cpu_node)?;
    }

-    if cache_exist && l2_cache_size != 0 {
-        let l2_cache_name = "l2-cache0";
-        let l2_cache_node = fdt.begin_node(l2_cache_name)?;
-        fdt.property_u32("phandle", L2_CACHE_PHANDLE)?;
-        fdt.property_string("compatible", "cache")?;
-        fdt.property_u32("cache-size", l2_cache_size)?;
-        fdt.property_u32("cache-line-size", l2_cache_line_size)?;
-        fdt.property_u32("cache-sets", l2_cache_sets)?;
-        fdt.property_u32("cache-level", 2)?;
-
-        if l3_cache_size != 0 {
-            fdt.property_u32("next-level-cache", L3_CACHE_PHANDLE)?;
-        }
-
-        fdt.end_node(l2_cache_node)?;
-    }
-
-    if cache_exist && l3_cache_size != 0 {
-        let l3_cache_name = "l3-cache0";
-        let l3_cache_node = fdt.begin_node(l3_cache_name)?;
-        fdt.property_u32("phandle", L3_CACHE_PHANDLE)?;
-        fdt.property_string("compatible", "cache")?;
-        fdt.property_null("cache-unified")?;
-        fdt.property_u32("cache-size", l3_cache_size)?;
-        fdt.property_u32("cache-line-size", l3_cache_line_size)?;
-        fdt.property_u32("cache-sets", l3_cache_sets)?;
-        fdt.property_u32("cache-level", 3)?;
-        fdt.end_node(l3_cache_node)?;
-    }
-
    if let Some(topology) = vcpu_topology {
        let (threads_per_core, cores_per_package, packages) = topology;
        let cpu_map_node = fdt.begin_node("cpu-map")?;
--- a/arch/src/aarch64/mod.rs
+++ b/arch/src/aarch64/mod.rs
@@ -180,8 +180,11 @@ pub fn initramfs_load_addr(
    }
 }

-pub fn get_host_cpu_phys_bits(hypervisor: &Arc<dyn hypervisor::Hypervisor>) -> u8 {
-    let host_cpu_phys_bits = hypervisor.get_host_ipa_limit().try_into().unwrap();
+pub fn get_host_cpu_phys_bits() -> u8 {
+    // A dummy hypervisor created only for querying the host IPA size and will
+    // be freed after the query.
+    let hv = hypervisor::new().unwrap();
+    let host_cpu_phys_bits = hv.get_host_ipa_limit().try_into().unwrap();
    if host_cpu_phys_bits == 0 {
        // Host kernel does not support `get_host_ipa_limit`,
        // we return the default value 40 here.
--- a/arch/src/x86_64/mod.rs
+++ b/arch/src/x86_64/mod.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ use crate::GuestMemoryMmap;
 use crate::InitramfsConfig;
 use crate::RegionType;
 use hypervisor::arch::x86::{CpuIdEntry, CPUID_FLAG_VALID_INDEX};
-use hypervisor::{CpuVendor, HypervisorCpuError, HypervisorError};
+use hypervisor::{HypervisorCpuError, HypervisorError};
 use linux_loader::loader::bootparam::boot_params;
 use linux_loader::loader::elf::start_info::{
    hvm_memmap_table_entry, hvm_modlist_entry, hvm_start_info,
@@ -210,6 +210,7 @@ impl From<Error> for super::Error {
    }
 }

+#[allow(clippy::upper_case_acronyms)]
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
 pub enum CpuidReg {
    EAX,
@@ -1139,7 +1140,7 @@ pub fn initramfs_load_addr(
    Ok(aligned_addr)
 }

-pub fn get_host_cpu_phys_bits(hypervisor: &Arc<dyn hypervisor::Hypervisor>) -> u8 {
+pub fn get_host_cpu_phys_bits() -> u8 {
    // SAFETY: call cpuid with valid leaves
    unsafe {
        let leaf = x86_64::__cpuid(0x8000_0000);
@@ -1148,7 +1149,9 @@ pub fn get_host_cpu_phys_bits(hypervisor: &Arc<dyn hypervisor::Hypervisor>) -> u
        // Some physical address bits may become reserved when the feature is enabled.
        // See AMD64 Architecture Programmer's Manual Volume 2, Section 7.10.1
        let reduced = if leaf.eax >= 0x8000_001f
-            && matches!(hypervisor.get_cpu_vendor(), CpuVendor::AMD)
+            && leaf.ebx == 0x6874_7541    // Vendor ID: AuthenticAMD
+            && leaf.ecx == 0x444d_4163
+            && leaf.edx == 0x6974_6e65
            && x86_64::__cpuid(0x8000_001f).eax & 0x1 != 0
        {
            (x86_64::__cpuid(0x8000_001f).ebx >> 6) & 0x3f
--- a/block_util/Cargo.toml
+++ b/block_util/Cargo.toml
@@ -13,13 +13,13 @@ libc = "0.2.139"
 log = "0.4.17"
 qcow = { path = "../qcow" }
 smallvec = "1.10.0"
-thiserror = "1.0.40"
+thiserror = "1.0.39"
 versionize = "0.1.10"
 versionize_derive = "0.1.4"
 vhdx = { path = "../vhdx" }
 virtio-bindings = { version = "0.2.0", features = ["virtio-v5_0_0"] }
-virtio-queue = "0.8.0"
-vm-memory = { version = "0.11.0", features = ["backend-mmap", "backend-atomic", "backend-bitmap"] }
+virtio-queue = "0.7.1"
+vm-memory = { version = "0.10.0", features = ["backend-mmap", "backend-atomic", "backend-bitmap"] }
 vm-virtio = { path = "../vm-virtio" }
 vmm-sys-util = "0.11.0"

--- a/build.rs
+++ b/build.rs
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ fn main() {
    }

    // This println!() has a special behavior, as it will set the environment
-    // variable BUILD_VERSION, so that it can be reused from the binary.
+    // variable BUILT_VERSION, so that it can be reused from the binary.
    // Particularly, this is used from src/main.rs to display the exact
    // version.
-    println!("cargo:rustc-env=BUILD_VERSION={version}");
+    println!("cargo:rustc-env=BUILT_VERSION={version}");
 }
--- a/devices/Cargo.toml
+++ b/devices/Cargo.toml
@@ -6,19 +6,19 @@ edition = "2021"

 [dependencies]
 acpi_tables = { git = "https://github.com/rust-vmm/acpi_tables", branch = "main"  }
-anyhow = "1.0.71"
+anyhow = "1.0.69"
 arch = { path = "../arch" }
-bitflags = "2.3.3"
+bitflags = "1.3.2"
 byteorder = "1.4.3"
 hypervisor = { path = "../hypervisor" }
 libc = "0.2.139"
 log = "0.4.17"
-thiserror = "1.0.40"
+thiserror = "1.0.39"
 tpm = { path = "../tpm" }
 versionize = "0.1.10"
 versionize_derive = "0.1.4"
 vm-device = { path = "../vm-device" }
-vm-memory = "0.11.0"
+vm-memory = "0.10.0"
 vm-migration = { path = "../vm-migration" }
 vmm-sys-util = "0.11.0"

--- a/devices/src/acpi.rs
+++ b/devices/src/acpi.rs
@@ -116,7 +116,6 @@ impl Aml for AcpiGedDevice {
                        true,
                        self.address.0,
                        self.address.0 + GED_DEVICE_ACPI_SIZE as u64 - 1,
-                        None,
                    )]),
                ),
                &aml::OpRegion::new(
--- a/docs/api.md
+++ b/docs/api.md
@@ -1,21 +1,18 @@
 - [Cloud Hypervisor API](#cloud-hypervisor-api)
  - [External API](#external-api)
    - [REST API](#rest-api)
-      - [REST API Location and availability](#rest-api-location-and-availability)
-      - [REST API Endpoints](#rest-api-endpoints)
-        - [Virtual Machine Manager (VMM) Actions](#virtual-machine-manager-vmm-actions)
-        - [Virtual Machine (VM) Actions](#virtual-machine-vm-actions)
-      - [REST API Examples](#rest-api-examples)
-        - [Create a Virtual Machine](#create-a-virtual-machine)
-        - [Boot a Virtual Machine](#boot-a-virtual-machine)
-        - [Dump a Virtual Machine Information](#dump-a-virtual-machine-information)
-        - [Reboot a Virtual Machine](#reboot-a-virtual-machine)
-        - [Shut a Virtual Machine Down](#shut-a-virtual-machine-down)
-    - [D-Bus API](#d-bus-api)
-      - [D-Bus API Location and availability](#d-bus-api-location-and-availability)
-      - [D-Bus API Interface](#d-bus-api-interface)
+    - [Location and availability](#location-and-availability)
+    - [Endpoints](#endpoints)
+      - [Virtual Machine Manager (VMM) Actions](#virtual-machine-manager-vmm-actions)
+      - [Virtual Machine (VM) Actions](#virtual-machine-vm-actions)
+    - [REST API Examples](#rest-api-examples)
+      - [Create a Virtual Machine](#create-a-virtual-machine)
+      - [Boot a Virtual Machine](#boot-a-virtual-machine)
+      - [Dump a Virtual Machine Information](#dump-a-virtual-machine-information)
+      - [Reboot a Virtual Machine](#reboot-a-virtual-machine)
+      - [Shut a Virtual Machine Down](#shut-a-virtual-machine-down)
    - [Command Line Interface](#command-line-interface)
-    - [REST API, D-Bus API and CLI Architectural Relationship](#rest-api-and-cli-architectural-relationship)
+    - [REST API and CLI Architectural Relationship](#rest-api-and-cli-architectural-relationship)
  - [Internal API](#internal-api)
    - [Goals and Design](#goals-and-design)
  - [End to End Example](#end-to-end-example)
@@ -24,11 +21,9 @@

 The Cloud Hypervisor API is made of 2 distinct interfaces:

-1. **The External API** This is the user facing API. Users and operators
-   can control and manage the Cloud Hypervisor through various options
-   including a REST API, a Command Line Interface (CLI) or a D-Bus based API,
-   which is not compiled into Cloud Hypervisor by default.
-
+1. **The external API**. This is the user facing API. Users and operators can
+   control and manage Cloud Hypervisor through either a REST API or a Command
+   Line Interface (CLI).
 1. **The internal API**, based on [rust's Multi-Producer, Single-Consumer (MPSC)](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/mpsc/)
   module. This API is used internally by the Cloud Hypervisor threads to
   communicate between each others.
@@ -45,10 +40,10 @@ API triggers VM and VMM specific actions, and as such it is designed as a
 collection of RPC-style, static methods.

 The API is [OpenAPI 3.0](https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/master/versions/3.0.0.md)
-compliant. Please consult the [Cloud Hypervisor OpenAPI Document](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cloud-hypervisor/cloud-hypervisor/master/vmm/src/api/openapi/cloud-hypervisor.yaml)
-for more details about the API payloads and responses.
+compliant. Please consult the [Cloud Hypervisor API](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cloud-hypervisor/cloud-hypervisor/master/vmm/src/api/openapi/cloud-hypervisor.yaml)
+document for more details about the API payloads and responses.

-#### REST API Location and availability
+### Location and availability

 The REST API is available as soon as the Cloud Hypervisor binary is started,
 through a local UNIX socket.
@@ -70,18 +65,18 @@ Cloud Hypervisor Guest
    Disk(s): None
 ```

-#### REST API Endpoints
+### Endpoints

 The Cloud Hypervisor API exposes the following actions through its endpoints:

-##### Virtual Machine Manager (VMM) Actions
+#### Virtual Machine Manager (VMM) Actions

 | Action                              | Endpoint        | Request Body | Response Body              | Prerequisites      |
 | ----------------------------------- | --------------- | ------------ | -------------------------- | ------------------ |
 | Check for the REST API availability | `/vmm.ping`     | N/A          | `/schemas/VmmPingResponse` | N/A                |
 | Shut the VMM down                   | `/vmm.shutdown` | N/A          | N/A                        | The VMM is running |

-##### Virtual Machine (VM) Actions
+#### Virtual Machine (VM) Actions

 | Action                             | Endpoint                | Request Body                    | Response Body            | Prerequisites                                          |
 | ---------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------------------- | ------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------ |
@@ -115,10 +110,10 @@ The Cloud Hypervisor API exposes the following actions through its endpoints:

 * The `vmcoredump` action is available exclusively for the `x86_64`
 architecture and can be executed only when the `guest_debug` feature is
-enabled. Without this feature, the corresponding [REST API](#rest-api) or
-[D-Bus API](#d-bus-api) endpoints are not available.
+enabled. Without this feature, the corresponding REST API endpoint is not
+available.

-#### REST API Examples
+### REST API Examples

 For the following set of examples, we assume Cloud Hypervisor is started with
 the REST API available at `/tmp/cloud-hypervisor.sock`:
@@ -134,7 +129,7 @@ Cloud Hypervisor Guest
    Disk(s): None
 ```

-##### Create a Virtual Machine
+#### Create a Virtual Machine

 We want to create a virtual machine with the following characteristics:

@@ -162,7 +157,7 @@ curl --unix-socket /tmp/cloud-hypervisor.sock -i \
         }'
 ```

-##### Boot a Virtual Machine
+#### Boot a Virtual Machine

 Once the VM is created, we can boot it:

@@ -172,7 +167,7 @@ Once the VM is created, we can boot it:
 curl --unix-socket /tmp/cloud-hypervisor.sock -i -X PUT 'http://localhost/api/v1/vm.boot'
 ```

-##### Dump a Virtual Machine Information
+#### Dump a Virtual Machine Information

 We can fetch information about any VM, as soon as it's created:

@@ -184,7 +179,7 @@ curl --unix-socket /tmp/cloud-hypervisor.sock -i \
     -H 'Accept: application/json'
 ```

-##### Reboot a Virtual Machine
+#### Reboot a Virtual Machine

 We can reboot a VM that's already booted:

@@ -194,7 +189,7 @@ We can reboot a VM that's already booted:
 curl --unix-socket /tmp/cloud-hypervisor.sock -i -X PUT 'http://localhost/api/v1/vm.reboot'
 ```

-##### Shut a Virtual Machine Down
+#### Shut a Virtual Machine Down

 Once booted, we can shut a VM down from the REST API:

@@ -204,50 +199,6 @@ Once booted, we can shut a VM down from the REST API:
 curl --unix-socket /tmp/cloud-hypervisor.sock -i -X PUT 'http://localhost/api/v1/vm.shutdown'
 ```

-### D-Bus API
-
-Cloud Hypervisor offers a D-Bus API as an alternative to its REST API. As of
-writing this document, the D-Bus API mirrors the functionality of the REST
-API and shares the same set of endpoints, meaning that it supports every call
-that is supported by the REST API and can be a drop-in replacement since it
-also consumes/produces JSON.
-
-#### D-Bus API Location and availability
-
-This feature is not compiled into Cloud Hypervisor by default. Users who
-wish to use the D-Bus API, must explicitly enable it with the `dbus_api`
-feature flag when compiling Cloud Hypervisor.
-
-```sh
-$ ./scripts/dev_cli.sh build --release --libc musl -- --features dbus_api
-```
-
-Once this feature is enabled, it can be configured with the following
-CLI options:
-
-```
-  --dbus-service-name
-                    well known name of the service
-  --dbus-object-path
-                    object path to serve the dbus interface
-  --dbus-system-bus use the system bus instead of a session bus
-```
-
-Example invocation:
-
-```sh
-$ ./cloud-hypervisor --dbus-service-name "org.cloudhypervisor.DBusApi" \
-                     --dbus-object-path "/org/cloudhypervisor/DBusApi"
-```
-
-This will start serving a service with the name `org.cloudhypervisor.DBusApi1`
-which in turn can be used to control and manage Cloud Hypervisor.
-
-#### D-Bus API Interface
-
-Please refer to the [REST API](#rest-api) documentation. As previously
-mentioned, the D-Bus API currently mirrors the behaviour of the REST API.
-
 ### Command Line Interface

 The Cloud Hypervisor Command Line Interface (CLI) can only be used for launching
@@ -255,26 +206,22 @@ the Cloud Hypervisor binary, i.e. it can not be used for controlling the VMM or
 the launched VM once they're up and running.

 If you want to inspect the VMM, or control the VM after launching Cloud
-Hypervisor from the CLI, you must use either the [REST API](#rest-api)
-or the [D-Bus API](#d-bus-api).
+Hypervisor from the CLI, you must use the [REST API](#rest-api).

-From the CLI, one can:
+From the CLI, one can either:

 1. Create and boot a complete virtual machine by using the CLI options to build
   the VM config. Run `cloud-hypervisor --help` for a complete list of CLI
-   options. As soon as the `cloud-hypervisor` binary is launched, contrary
-   to the [D-Bus API](#d-bus-api), the [REST API](#rest-api) is available
-   for controlling and managing the VM. The [D-Bus API](#d-bus-api) doesn't start
-   automatically and needs to be explicitly configured in order to be run.
-1. Start either the REST API, D-Bus API or both simultaneously without passing
-   any VM configuration options. The VM can then be asynchronously created and
-   booted by calling API methods of choice. It should be noted that one external
-   API does not exclude another; it is possible to have both the REST and D-Bus
-   APIs running simultaneously.
+   options. As soon as the `cloud-hypervisor` binary is launched, the
+   [REST API](#rest-api) is available for controlling and managing the VM.
+1. Start the [REST API](#rest-api) server only, by not passing any VM
+   configuration options. The VM can then be asynchronously created and booted
+   by sending HTTP commands to the [REST API](#rest-api). Check the
+   [REST API examples](#rest-api-examples) section for more details.

-### REST API, D-Bus API and CLI Architectural Relationship
+### REST API and CLI Architectural Relationship

-The REST API, D-Bus API and the CLI all rely on a common, [internal API](#internal-api).
+The REST API and the CLI both rely on a common, [internal API](#internal-api).

 The CLI options are parsed by the
 [argh crate](https://docs.rs/argh/latest/argh/) and then translated into
@@ -285,11 +232,7 @@ The REST API is processed by an HTTP thread using the
 crate. As with the CLI, the HTTP requests eventually get translated into
 [internal API](#internal-api) commands.

-The D-Bus API is implemented using the [zbus](https://github.com/dbus2/zbus)
-crate and runs in its own thread. Whenever it needs to call the [internal API](#internal-api),
-the [blocking](https://github.com/smol-rs/blocking) crate is used perform the call in zbus' async context.
-
-As a summary, the REST API, the D-Bus API and the CLI are essentially frontends for the
+As a summary, the REST API and the CLI are essentially frontends for the
 [internal API](#internal-api):

 ```
@@ -300,11 +243,11 @@ As a summary, the REST API, the D-Bus API and the CLI are essentially frontends
                       |          +------------------+        |
                       |                                      |      +------------------------+
                       |                                      |      |                        |
-+------------+         |            +----------+              |      |                        |
-|            |         |  D-Bus API |          |              |      | +--------------+       |
-|    User    +---------+----------->+   zbus   +--------------+------> | Internal API |       |
-|            |         |            |          |              |      | +--------------+       |
-+------------+         |            +----------+              |      |                        |
+------------+         |                                      |      |                        |
+|            |         |                                      |      | +--------------+       |
+|    User    +---------+                                      +------> | Internal API |       |
+|            |         |                                      |      | +--------------+       |
+------------+         |                                      |      |                        |
                       |                                      |      |                        |
                       |                                      |      +------------------------+
                       |            +----------+              |                 VMM
@@ -319,23 +262,22 @@ As a summary, the REST API, the D-Bus API and the CLI are essentially frontends
 ## Internal API

 The Cloud Hypervisor internal API, as its name suggests, is used internally
-by the different Cloud Hypervisor threads (VMM, HTTP, D-Bus, control loop,
-etc) to send commands and responses to each others.
+by the different Cloud Hypervisor threads (VMM, HTTP, control loop, etc) to
+send commands and responses to each others.

 It is based on [rust's Multi-Producer, Single-Consumer (MPSC)](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/mpsc/),
 and the single consumer (a.k.a. the API receiver) is the Cloud Hypervisor
 control loop.

-API producers are the HTTP thread handling the [REST API](#rest-api), the
-D-Bus thread handling the [D-Bus API](#d-bus-api) and the main thread that
-initially parses the [CLI](#command-line-interface).
+API producers are the HTTP thread handling the [REST API](#rest-api) and the
+main thread that initially parses the [CLI](#command-line-interface).

 ### Goals and Design

 The internal API is designed for controlling, managing and inspecting a Cloud
 Hypervisor VMM and its guest. It is a backend for handling external, user
-visible requests through the [REST API](#rest-api), the [D-Bus API](#d-bus-api)
-or the [CLI](#command-line-interface) interfaces.
+visible requests through either the [REST API](#rest-api) or the
+[CLI](#command-line-interface) interfaces.

 The API follows a command-response scheme that closely maps the [REST API](#rest-api).
 Any command must be replied to with a response.
--- a/docs/custom-image.md
+++ b/docs/custom-image.md
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name  Flags

 ### Create a macvtap interface

-Rely on the following [documentation](macvtap-bridge.md) to set up a
+Rely on the following [documentation](docs/macvtap-bridge.md) to set up a
 macvtap interface to provide your VM with proper connectivity.

 ### Boot the image
--- a/event_monitor/Cargo.toml
+++ b/event_monitor/Cargo.toml
@@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ edition = "2021"

 [dependencies]
 libc = "0.2.139"
-serde = { version = "1.0.164", features = ["rc", "derive"] }
-serde_json = "1.0.96"
+serde = { version = "1.0.151", features = ["rc", "derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0.95"
--- a/fuzz/Cargo.lock
+++ b/fuzz/Cargo.lock
@@ -5,16 +5,16 @@ version = 3
 [[package]]
 name = "acpi_tables"
 version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/rust-vmm/acpi_tables?branch=main#05a609136387cc1cc9b499cee4320020325c263f"
+source = "git+https://github.com/rust-vmm/acpi_tables?branch=main#0b892e2c2053c4ecfac8d9e5a52babae75114702"
 dependencies = [
 "zerocopy",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "anyhow"
-version = "1.0.71"
+version = "1.0.70"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9c7d0618f0e0b7e8ff11427422b64564d5fb0be1940354bfe2e0529b18a9d9b8"
+checksum = "7de8ce5e0f9f8d88245311066a578d72b7af3e7088f32783804676302df237e4"

 [[package]]
 name = "api_client"
@@ -100,12 +100,6 @@ version = "1.3.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "bef38d45163c2f1dde094a7dfd33ccf595c92905c8f8f4fdc18d06fb1037718a"

-[[package]]
-name = "bitflags"
-version = "2.3.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6dbe3c979c178231552ecba20214a8272df4e09f232a87aef4320cf06539aded"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "block_util"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -119,7 +113,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "versionize",
 "versionize_derive",
 "vhdx",
- "virtio-bindings",
+ "virtio-bindings 0.2.0",
 "virtio-queue",
 "vm-memory",
 "vm-virtio",
@@ -149,7 +143,7 @@ checksum = "baf1de4339761588bc0619e3cbc0120ee582ebb74b53b4efbf79117bd2da40fd"

 [[package]]
 name = "cloud-hypervisor"
-version = "32.0.0"
+version = "30.0.0"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "api_client",
@@ -214,9 +208,9 @@ checksum = "55626594feae15d266d52440b26ff77de0e22230cf0c113abe619084c1ddc910"

 [[package]]
 name = "darling"
-version = "0.20.1"
+version = "0.14.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0558d22a7b463ed0241e993f76f09f30b126687447751a8638587b864e4b3944"
+checksum = "7b750cb3417fd1b327431a470f388520309479ab0bf5e323505daf0290cd3850"
 dependencies = [
 "darling_core",
 "darling_macro",
@@ -224,27 +218,27 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "darling_core"
-version = "0.20.1"
+version = "0.14.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ab8bfa2e259f8ee1ce5e97824a3c55ec4404a0d772ca7fa96bf19f0752a046eb"
+checksum = "109c1ca6e6b7f82cc233a97004ea8ed7ca123a9af07a8230878fcfda9b158bf0"
 dependencies = [
 "fnv",
 "ident_case",
 "proc-macro2",
 "quote",
 "strsim",
- "syn 2.0.15",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "darling_macro"
-version = "0.20.1"
+version = "0.14.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "29a358ff9f12ec09c3e61fef9b5a9902623a695a46a917b07f269bff1445611a"
+checksum = "a4aab4dbc9f7611d8b55048a3a16d2d010c2c8334e46304b40ac1cc14bf3b48e"
 dependencies = [
 "darling_core",
 "quote",
- "syn 2.0.15",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -254,7 +248,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "acpi_tables",
 "anyhow",
 "arch",
- "bitflags 2.3.2",
+ "bitflags",
 "byteorder",
 "hypervisor",
 "libc",
@@ -275,7 +269,7 @@ version = "4.3.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "20df693c700404f7e19d4d6fae6b15215d2913c27955d2b9d6f2c0f537511cd0"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 1.3.2",
+ "bitflags",
 "libc",
 ]

@@ -302,9 +296,9 @@ checksum = "3f9eec918d3f24069decb9af1554cad7c880e2da24a9afd88aca000531ab82c1"

 [[package]]
 name = "getrandom"
-version = "0.2.10"
+version = "0.2.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "be4136b2a15dd319360be1c07d9933517ccf0be8f16bf62a3bee4f0d618df427"
+checksum = "c05aeb6a22b8f62540c194aac980f2115af067bfe15a0734d7277a768d396b31"
 dependencies = [
 "cfg-if",
 "libc",
@@ -332,9 +326,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "iced-x86"
-version = "1.19.0"
+version = "1.18.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b7cc8d38244d84278262c8ebe6930cc44283d194cbabae2651f6112103802fb5"
+checksum = "1dd04b950d75b3498320253b17fb92745b2cc79ead8814aede2f7c1bab858bec"
 dependencies = [
 "lazy_static",
 ]
@@ -351,7 +345,7 @@ version = "0.5.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "dd1e1a01cfb924fd8c5c43b6827965db394f5a3a16c599ce03452266e1cf984c"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 1.3.2",
+ "bitflags",
 "libc",
 ]

@@ -399,9 +393,9 @@ checksum = "e2abad23fbc42b3700f2f279844dc832adb2b2eb069b2df918f455c4e18cc646"

 [[package]]
 name = "libc"
-version = "0.2.147"
+version = "0.2.141"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b4668fb0ea861c1df094127ac5f1da3409a82116a4ba74fca2e58ef927159bb3"
+checksum = "3304a64d199bb964be99741b7a14d26972741915b3649639149b2479bb46f4b5"

 [[package]]
 name = "libfuzzer-sys"
@@ -416,18 +410,21 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "linux-loader"
-version = "0.9.0"
+version = "0.8.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8d3adb7b28e189741eca3b1a4a27de0bf15e0907c9d4b0c74bd2d7d84ef72e08"
+checksum = "b9259ddbfbb52cc918f6bbc60390004ddd0228cf1d85f402009ff2b3d95de83f"
 dependencies = [
 "vm-memory",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "log"
-version = "0.4.19"
+version = "0.4.17"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b06a4cde4c0f271a446782e3eff8de789548ce57dbc8eca9292c27f4a42004b4"
+checksum = "abb12e687cfb44aa40f41fc3978ef76448f9b6038cad6aef4259d3c095a2382e"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+]

 [[package]]
 name = "micro_http"
@@ -459,7 +456,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "thiserror",
 "versionize",
 "versionize_derive",
- "virtio-bindings",
+ "virtio-bindings 0.2.0",
 "virtio-queue",
 "vm-memory",
 "vm-virtio",
@@ -468,9 +465,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "once_cell"
-version = "1.18.0"
+version = "1.17.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "dd8b5dd2ae5ed71462c540258bedcb51965123ad7e7ccf4b9a8cafaa4a63576d"
+checksum = "b7e5500299e16ebb147ae15a00a942af264cf3688f47923b8fc2cd5858f23ad3"

 [[package]]
 name = "option_parser"
@@ -501,9 +498,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "proc-macro2"
-version = "1.0.63"
+version = "1.0.56"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7b368fba921b0dce7e60f5e04ec15e565b3303972b42bcfde1d0713b881959eb"
+checksum = "2b63bdb0cd06f1f4dedf69b254734f9b45af66e4a031e42a7480257d9898b435"
 dependencies = [
 "unicode-ident",
 ]
@@ -521,9 +518,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "quote"
-version = "1.0.28"
+version = "1.0.26"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1b9ab9c7eadfd8df19006f1cf1a4aed13540ed5cbc047010ece5826e10825488"
+checksum = "4424af4bf778aae2051a77b60283332f386554255d722233d09fbfc7e30da2fc"
 dependencies = [
 "proc-macro2",
 ]
@@ -545,7 +542,7 @@ checksum = "e13cca257d068dd3a390d04b2c3009a3fad2ee5048dfa8f239d048372810470c"
 dependencies = [
 "proc-macro2",
 "quote",
- "syn 2.0.15",
+ "syn 2.0.4",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -580,29 +577,29 @@ checksum = "bebd363326d05ec3e2f532ab7660680f3b02130d780c299bca73469d521bc0ed"

 [[package]]
 name = "serde"
-version = "1.0.164"
+version = "1.0.159"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9e8c8cf938e98f769bc164923b06dce91cea1751522f46f8466461af04c9027d"
+checksum = "3c04e8343c3daeec41f58990b9d77068df31209f2af111e059e9fe9646693065"
 dependencies = [
 "serde_derive",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "serde_derive"
-version = "1.0.164"
+version = "1.0.159"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d9735b638ccc51c28bf6914d90a2e9725b377144fc612c49a611fddd1b631d68"
+checksum = "4c614d17805b093df4b147b51339e7e44bf05ef59fba1e45d83500bcfb4d8585"
 dependencies = [
 "proc-macro2",
 "quote",
- "syn 2.0.15",
+ "syn 2.0.4",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "serde_json"
-version = "1.0.99"
+version = "1.0.95"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "46266871c240a00b8f503b877622fe33430b3c7d963bdc0f2adc511e54a1eae3"
+checksum = "d721eca97ac802aa7777b701877c8004d950fc142651367300d21c1cc0194744"
 dependencies = [
 "itoa",
 "ryu",
@@ -611,9 +608,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "serde_with"
-version = "3.0.0"
+version = "2.3.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9f02d8aa6e3c385bf084924f660ce2a3a6bd333ba55b35e8590b321f35d88513"
+checksum = "331bb8c3bf9b92457ab7abecf07078c13f7d270ba490103e84e8b014490cd0b0"
 dependencies = [
 "serde",
 "serde_with_macros",
@@ -621,14 +618,14 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "serde_with_macros"
-version = "3.0.0"
+version = "2.3.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "edc7d5d3932fb12ce722ee5e64dd38c504efba37567f0c402f6ca728c3b8b070"
+checksum = "859011bddcc11f289f07f467cc1fe01c7a941daa4d8f6c40d4d1c92eb6d9319c"
 dependencies = [
 "darling",
 "proc-macro2",
 "quote",
- "syn 2.0.15",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -679,9 +676,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "syn"
-version = "2.0.15"
+version = "2.0.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a34fcf3e8b60f57e6a14301a2e916d323af98b0ea63c599441eec8558660c822"
+checksum = "2c622ae390c9302e214c31013517c2061ecb2699935882c60a9b37f82f8625ae"
 dependencies = [
 "proc-macro2",
 "quote",
@@ -705,7 +702,7 @@ checksum = "f9456a42c5b0d803c8cd86e73dd7cc9edd429499f37a3550d286d5e86720569f"
 dependencies = [
 "proc-macro2",
 "quote",
- "syn 2.0.15",
+ "syn 2.0.4",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -734,15 +731,15 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "unicode-ident"
-version = "1.0.9"
+version = "1.0.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b15811caf2415fb889178633e7724bad2509101cde276048e013b9def5e51fa0"
+checksum = "e5464a87b239f13a63a501f2701565754bae92d243d4bb7eb12f6d57d2269bf4"

 [[package]]
 name = "uuid"
-version = "1.3.4"
+version = "1.3.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0fa2982af2eec27de306107c027578ff7f423d65f7250e40ce0fea8f45248b81"
+checksum = "1674845326ee10d37ca60470760d4288a6f80f304007d92e5c53bab78c9cfd79"
 dependencies = [
 "getrandom",
 ]
@@ -777,7 +774,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "vfio-bindings"
 version = "0.4.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/rust-vmm/vfio?branch=main#89f8e77dd1a2829197ecde65b686bafcc8a1def4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/rust-vmm/vfio?branch=main#43439e056ddfa84a4f7906ee7f2f58be70505c08"
 dependencies = [
 "vmm-sys-util",
 ]
@@ -785,7 +782,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "vfio-ioctls"
 version = "0.2.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/rust-vmm/vfio?branch=main#89f8e77dd1a2829197ecde65b686bafcc8a1def4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/rust-vmm/vfio?branch=main#43439e056ddfa84a4f7906ee7f2f58be70505c08"
 dependencies = [
 "byteorder",
 "kvm-bindings",
@@ -801,9 +798,9 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "vfio_user"
 version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/rust-vmm/vfio-user?branch=main#eef6bec4d421f08ed1688fe67c5ea33aabbf5069"
+source = "git+https://github.com/rust-vmm/vfio-user?branch=main#afbbd5722885e961ce12baea12efe01d52ce14b0"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 1.3.2",
+ "bitflags",
 "libc",
 "log",
 "serde",
@@ -830,16 +827,22 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "vhost"
-version = "0.7.0"
+version = "0.6.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "84f81f436bca4541f4d33172e1202882c9d437db34ed17fc6d84c8ff2bde21f5"
+checksum = "c9b791c5b0717a0558888a4cf7240cea836f39a99cb342e12ce633dcaa078072"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 1.3.2",
+ "bitflags",
 "libc",
 "vm-memory",
 "vmm-sys-util",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "virtio-bindings"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3ff512178285488516ed85f15b5d0113a7cdb89e9e8a760b269ae4f02b84bd6b"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "virtio-bindings"
 version = "0.2.0"
@@ -871,7 +874,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "versionize",
 "versionize_derive",
 "vhost",
- "virtio-bindings",
+ "virtio-bindings 0.2.0",
 "virtio-queue",
 "vm-allocator",
 "vm-device",
@@ -883,12 +886,12 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "virtio-queue"
-version = "0.8.0"
+version = "0.7.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "91aebb1df33db33cbf04d4c2445e4f78d0b0c8e65acfd16a4ee95ef63ca252f8"
+checksum = "3ba81e2bcc21c0d2fc5e6683e79367e26ad219197423a498df801d79d5ba77bd"
 dependencies = [
 "log",
- "virtio-bindings",
+ "virtio-bindings 0.1.0",
 "vm-memory",
 "vmm-sys-util",
 ]
@@ -922,9 +925,9 @@ source = "git+https://github.com/rust-vmm/vm-fdt?branch=main#c5a99ab71b130435927

 [[package]]
 name = "vm-memory"
-version = "0.11.0"
+version = "0.10.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9d6ea57fe00f9086c59eeeb68e102dd611686bc3c28520fa465996d4d4bdce07"
+checksum = "688a70366615b45575a424d9c665561c1b5ab2224d494f706b6a6812911a827c"
 dependencies = [
 "arc-swap",
 "libc",
@@ -961,7 +964,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "arc-swap",
 "arch",
- "bitflags 2.3.2",
+ "bitflags",
 "block_util",
 "devices",
 "epoll",
@@ -1006,7 +1009,7 @@ version = "0.11.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "dd64fe09d8e880e600c324e7d664760a17f56e9672b7495a86381b49e4f72f46"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 1.3.2",
+ "bitflags",
 "libc",
 "serde",
 "serde_derive",
--- a/fuzz/Cargo.toml
+++ b/fuzz/Cargo.toml
@@ -12,20 +12,20 @@ cargo-fuzz = true
 block_util = { path = "../block_util" }
 devices = { path = "../devices" }
 epoll = "4.3.1"
-libc = "0.2.147"
+libc = "0.2.141"
 libfuzzer-sys = "0.4.6"
-linux-loader = { version = "0.9.0", features = ["elf", "bzimage", "pe"] }
+linux-loader = { version = "0.8.1", features = ["elf", "bzimage", "pe"] }
 micro_http = { git = "https://github.com/firecracker-microvm/micro-http", branch = "main" }
 net_util = { path = "../net_util" }
-once_cell = "1.18.0"
+once_cell = "1.17.1"
 qcow = { path = "../qcow" }
 seccompiler = "0.3.0"
 vhdx = { path = "../vhdx" }
 virtio-devices = { path = "../virtio-devices" }
-virtio-queue = "0.8.0"
+virtio-queue = "0.7.1"
 vmm = { path = "../vmm" }
 vmm-sys-util = "0.11.1"
-vm-memory = "0.11.0"
+vm-memory = "0.10.0"
 vm-device = { path = "../vm-device" }
 vm-virtio = { path = "../vm-virtio" }

--- a/hypervisor/Cargo.toml
+++ b/hypervisor/Cargo.toml
@@ -11,23 +11,23 @@ mshv = ["mshv-ioctls", "mshv-bindings", "vfio-ioctls/mshv"]
 tdx = []

 [dependencies]
-anyhow = "1.0.71"
+anyhow = "1.0.69"
 byteorder = "1.4.3"
-thiserror = "1.0.40"
+thiserror = "1.0.39"
 libc = "0.2.139"
 log = "0.4.17"
 kvm-ioctls = { version = "0.13.0", optional = true }
 kvm-bindings = { git = "https://github.com/cloud-hypervisor/kvm-bindings", branch = "ch-v0.6.0-tdx", features = ["with-serde", "fam-wrappers"], optional  = true }
 mshv-bindings = { git = "https://github.com/rust-vmm/mshv", branch = "main", features = ["with-serde", "fam-wrappers"], optional  = true }
 mshv-ioctls = { git = "https://github.com/rust-vmm/mshv", branch = "main", optional  = true}
-serde = { version = "1.0.164", features = ["rc", "derive"] }
-serde_with = { version = "3.0.0", default-features = false, features = ["macros"] }
+serde = { version = "1.0.151", features = ["rc", "derive"] }
+serde_with = { version = "2.3.1", default-features = false, features = ["macros"] }
 vfio-ioctls = { git = "https://github.com/rust-vmm/vfio", branch = "main", default-features = false }
-vm-memory = { version = "0.11.0", features = ["backend-mmap", "backend-atomic"] }
+vm-memory = { version = "0.10.0", features = ["backend-mmap", "backend-atomic"] }
 vmm-sys-util = { version = "0.11.0", features = ["with-serde"] }

 [target.'cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")'.dependencies.iced-x86]
-version = "1.19.0"
+version = "1.18.0"
 default-features = false
 features = ["std", "decoder", "op_code_info", "instr_info", "fast_fmt"]

--- a/hypervisor/src/arch/x86/mod.rs
+++ b/hypervisor/src/arch/x86/mod.rs
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ pub const MTRR_MEM_TYPE_WB: u64 = 0x6;
 pub const NUM_IOAPIC_PINS: usize = 24;

 // X86 Exceptions
+#[allow(clippy::upper_case_acronyms)]
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub enum Exception {
    DE = 0,  // Divide Error
--- a/hypervisor/src/cpu.rs
+++ b/hypervisor/src/cpu.rs
@@ -21,15 +21,6 @@ use crate::MpState;
 use thiserror::Error;
 use vm_memory::GuestAddress;

-#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
-#[derive(Copy, Clone, Default)]
-pub enum CpuVendor {
-    #[default]
-    Unknown,
-    Intel,
-    AMD,
-}
-
 #[derive(Error, Debug)]
 ///
 /// Enum for CPU error
--- a/hypervisor/src/hypervisor.rs
+++ b/hypervisor/src/hypervisor.rs
@@ -9,14 +9,10 @@
 //
 #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
 use crate::arch::x86::CpuIdEntry;
-#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
-use crate::cpu::CpuVendor;
 #[cfg(feature = "tdx")]
 use crate::kvm::TdxCapabilities;
 use crate::vm::Vm;
 use crate::HypervisorType;
-#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
-use std::arch::x86_64;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use thiserror::Error;

@@ -79,11 +75,6 @@ pub enum HypervisorError {
    ///
    #[error("Failed to set partition property:{0}")]
    SetPartitionProperty(#[source] anyhow::Error),
-    ///
-    /// Running on an unsupported CPU
-    ///
-    #[error("Unsupported CPU:{0}")]
-    UnsupportedCpu(#[source] anyhow::Error),
 }

 ///
@@ -145,27 +136,4 @@ pub trait Hypervisor: Send + Sync {

    /// Get maximum number of vCPUs
    fn get_max_vcpus(&self) -> u32;
-    #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
-    ///
-    /// Determine CPU vendor
-    ///
-    fn get_cpu_vendor(&self) -> CpuVendor {
-        // SAFETY: call cpuid with valid leaves
-        unsafe {
-            let leaf = x86_64::__cpuid(0x0);
-
-            if leaf.ebx == 0x756e_6547 && leaf.ecx == 0x6c65_746e && leaf.edx == 0x4965_6e69 {
-                // Vendor string GenuineIntel
-                CpuVendor::Intel
-            } else if leaf.ebx == 0x6874_7541 && leaf.ecx == 0x444d_4163 && leaf.edx == 0x6974_6e65
-            {
-                // Vendor string AuthenticAMD
-                CpuVendor::AMD
-            } else {
-                // Not known yet, the corresponding manufacturer manual should contain the
-                // necesssary info. See also https://wiki.osdev.org/CPUID#CPU_Vendor_ID_String
-                CpuVendor::default()
-            }
-        }
-    }
 }
--- a/hypervisor/src/kvm/aarch64/gic/mod.rs
+++ b/hypervisor/src/kvm/aarch64/gic/mod.rs
@@ -243,6 +243,7 @@ impl KvmGicV3Its {
    }

    /// Method to initialize the GIC device
+    #[allow(clippy::new_ret_no_self)]
    pub fn new(vm: &dyn Vm, config: VgicConfig) -> Result<KvmGicV3Its> {
        // This is inside KVM module
        let vm = vm.as_any().downcast_ref::<KvmVm>().expect("Wrong VM type?");
--- a/hypervisor/src/lib.rs
+++ b/hypervisor/src/lib.rs
@@ -49,8 +49,6 @@ mod cpu;
 mod device;

 pub use crate::hypervisor::{Hypervisor, HypervisorError};
-#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
-pub use cpu::CpuVendor;
 pub use cpu::{HypervisorCpuError, Vcpu, VmExit};
 pub use device::HypervisorDeviceError;
 #[cfg(all(feature = "kvm", target_arch = "aarch64"))]
--- a/hypervisor/src/mshv/mod.rs
+++ b/hypervisor/src/mshv/mod.rs
@@ -461,10 +461,10 @@ impl cpu::Vcpu for MshvVcpu {
                            /* Advance RIP and update RAX */
                            let arr_reg_name_value = [
                                (
-                                    hv_register_name_HV_X64_REGISTER_RIP,
+                                    hv_x64_register_name_HV_X64_REGISTER_RIP,
                                    info.header.rip + insn_len,
                                ),
-                                (hv_register_name_HV_X64_REGISTER_RAX, ret_rax),
+                                (hv_x64_register_name_HV_X64_REGISTER_RAX, ret_rax),
                            ];
                            set_registers_64!(self.fd, arr_reg_name_value)
                                .map_err(|e| cpu::HypervisorCpuError::SetRegister(e.into()))?;
@@ -510,10 +510,10 @@ impl cpu::Vcpu for MshvVcpu {
                    /* Advance RIP and update RAX */
                    let arr_reg_name_value = [
                        (
-                            hv_register_name_HV_X64_REGISTER_RIP,
+                            hv_x64_register_name_HV_X64_REGISTER_RIP,
                            info.header.rip + insn_len,
                        ),
-                        (hv_register_name_HV_X64_REGISTER_RAX, ret_rax),
+                        (hv_x64_register_name_HV_X64_REGISTER_RAX, ret_rax),
                    ];
                    set_registers_64!(self.fd, arr_reg_name_value)
                        .map_err(|e| cpu::HypervisorCpuError::SetRegister(e.into()))?;
--- a/net_gen/src/if_tun.rs
+++ b/net_gen/src/if_tun.rs
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 #[repr(C)]
 #[derive(Default)]
 pub struct __IncompleteArrayField<T>(::std::marker::PhantomData<T>, [T; 0]);
-#[allow(clippy::missing_safety_doc)]
 impl<T> __IncompleteArrayField<T> {
    #[inline]
    pub const fn new() -> Self {
--- a/net_gen/src/iff.rs
+++ b/net_gen/src/iff.rs
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 #[repr(C)]
 #[derive(Default)]
 pub struct __IncompleteArrayField<T>(::std::marker::PhantomData<T>, [T; 0]);
-#[allow(clippy::missing_safety_doc)]
 impl<T> __IncompleteArrayField<T> {
    #[inline]
    pub const fn new() -> Self {
--- a/net_gen/src/lib.rs
+++ b/net_gen/src/lib.rs
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
 // found in the THIRD-PARTY file.

+#![allow(clippy::all)]
 #![allow(non_upper_case_globals)]
 #![allow(non_camel_case_types)]
 #![allow(non_snake_case)]
--- a/net_util/Cargo.toml
+++ b/net_util/Cargo.toml
@@ -11,13 +11,13 @@ libc = "0.2.139"
 log = "0.4.17"
 net_gen = { path = "../net_gen" }
 rate_limiter = { path = "../rate_limiter" }
-serde = "1.0.164"
-thiserror = "1.0.40"
+serde = "1.0.151"
+thiserror = "1.0.39"
 versionize = "0.1.10"
 versionize_derive = "0.1.4"
 virtio-bindings = "0.2.0"
-virtio-queue = "0.8.0"
-vm-memory = { version = "0.11.0", features = ["backend-mmap", "backend-atomic", "backend-bitmap"] }
+virtio-queue = "0.7.1"
+vm-memory = { version = "0.10.0", features = ["backend-mmap", "backend-atomic", "backend-bitmap"] }
 vm-virtio = { path = "../vm-virtio" }
 vmm-sys-util = "0.11.0"

@@ -25,4 +25,4 @@ vmm-sys-util = "0.11.0"
 once_cell = "1.17.1"
 pnet = "0.33.0"
 pnet_datalink = "0.33.0"
-serde_json = "1.0.96"
+serde_json = "1.0.95"
--- a/pci/Cargo.toml
+++ b/pci/Cargo.toml
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ kvm = ["vfio-ioctls/kvm"]
 mshv = ["vfio-ioctls/mshv"]

 [dependencies]
-anyhow = "1.0.71"
+anyhow = "1.0.69"
 byteorder = "1.4.3"
 hypervisor = { path = "../hypervisor" }
 vfio-bindings = { git = "https://github.com/rust-vmm/vfio", branch = "main", features = ["fam-wrappers"] }
@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ vfio_user = { git = "https://github.com/rust-vmm/vfio-user", branch = "main" }
 vmm-sys-util = "0.11.0"
 libc = "0.2.139"
 log = "0.4.17"
-serde = { version = "1.0.164", features = ["derive"] }
-thiserror = "1.0.40"
+serde = { version = "1.0.151", features = ["derive"] }
+thiserror = "1.0.39"
 versionize = "0.1.10"
 versionize_derive = "0.1.4"
 vm-allocator = { path = "../vm-allocator" }
 vm-device = { path = "../vm-device" }
-vm-memory = { version = "0.11.0", features = ["backend-mmap", "backend-atomic", "backend-bitmap"] }
+vm-memory = { version = "0.10.0", features = ["backend-mmap", "backend-atomic", "backend-bitmap"] }
 vm-migration = { path = "../vm-migration" }
--- a/pci/src/configuration.rs
+++ b/pci/src/configuration.rs
@@ -452,9 +452,10 @@ impl From<PciBarType> for PciBarRegionType {
    }
 }

-impl From<PciBarRegionType> for PciBarType {
-    fn from(val: PciBarRegionType) -> Self {
-        match val {
+#[allow(clippy::from_over_into)]
+impl Into<PciBarType> for PciBarRegionType {
+    fn into(self) -> PciBarType {
+        match self {
            PciBarRegionType::IoRegion => PciBarType::Io,
            PciBarRegionType::Memory32BitRegion => PciBarType::Mmio32,
            PciBarRegionType::Memory64BitRegion => PciBarType::Mmio64,
@@ -468,9 +469,10 @@ pub enum PciBarPrefetchable {
    Prefetchable = 0x08,
 }

-impl From<PciBarPrefetchable> for bool {
-    fn from(val: PciBarPrefetchable) -> Self {
-        match val {
+#[allow(clippy::from_over_into)]
+impl Into<bool> for PciBarPrefetchable {
+    fn into(self) -> bool {
+        match self {
            PciBarPrefetchable::NotPrefetchable => false,
            PciBarPrefetchable::Prefetchable => true,
        }
--- a/performance-metrics/Cargo.toml
+++ b/performance-metrics/Cargo.toml
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ build = "../build.rs"

 [dependencies]
 argh = "0.1.9"
-dirs = "5.0.0"
-serde = { version = "1.0.164", features = ["rc", "derive"] }
-serde_json = "1.0.96"
+dirs = "4.0.0"
+serde = { version = "1.0.151", features = ["rc", "derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0.95"
 test_infra = { path = "../test_infra" }
-thiserror = "1.0.40"
+thiserror = "1.0.39"
 wait-timeout = "0.2.0"
--- a/performance-metrics/src/main.rs
+++ b/performance-metrics/src/main.rs
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ fn main() {
    let opts: Options = argh::from_env();

    if opts.version {
-        println!("{} {}", env!("CARGO_BIN_NAME"), env!("BUILD_VERSION"));
+        println!("{} {}", env!("CARGO_BIN_NAME"), env!("BUILT_VERSION"));
        return;
    }

--- a/qcow/src/qcow_raw_file.rs
+++ b/qcow/src/qcow_raw_file.rs
@@ -92,7 +92,6 @@ impl QcowRawFile {
    pub fn write_refcount_block(&mut self, offset: u64, table: &[u16]) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.file.seek(SeekFrom::Start(offset))?;
        let mut buffer = BufWriter::with_capacity(std::mem::size_of_val(table), &mut self.file);
-
        for count in table {
            buffer.write_u16::<BigEndian>(*count)?;
        }
--- a/release-notes.md
+++ b/release-notes.md
@@ -1,13 +1,4 @@
- [v33.0](#v330)
-    - [D-Bus based API](#d-bus-based-api)
-    - [Passthrough CPU cache information for AArch64](#passthrough-cpu-cache-information-for-aarch64)
-    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors)
- [v32.0](#v320)
-    - [Increased PCI Segment Limit](#increased-pci-segment-limit)
-    - [API Changes](#api-changes)
-    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-1)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-1)
+- [v31.2](#v312)
 - [v31.1](#v311)
 - [v31.0](#v310)
    - [Update to Latest `acpi_tables`](#update-to-latest-acpi_tables)
@@ -15,15 +6,15 @@
    - [Improvements on Console `SIGWINCH` Handler](#improvements-on-console-sigwinch-handler)
    - [Remove Directory Support from `MemoryZoneConfig::file`](#remove-directory-support-from-memoryzoneconfigfile)
    - [Documentation Improvements](#documentation-improvements)
-    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-2)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-2)
+    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors)
 - [v30.0](#v300)
    - [Command Line Changes for Reduced Binary Size](#command-line-changes-for-reduced-binary-size)
    - [Basic vfio-user Server Support](#basic-vfio-user-server-support)
    - [Heap Profiling Support](#heap-profiling-support)
    - [Documentation Improvements](#documentation-improvements-1)
-    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-3)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-3)
+    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-1)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-1)
 - [v28.2](#v282)
 - [v29.0](#v290)
    - [Release Binary Supports Both MSHV and KVM](#release-binary-supports-both-mshv-and-kvm)
@@ -33,10 +24,10 @@
    - [`AArch64` Documentation Integration](#aarch64-documentation-integration)
    - [`virtio-block` Counters Enhancement](#virtio-block-counters-enhancement)
    - [TCP Offload Control](#tcp-offload-control)
-    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-4)
+    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-2)
    - [Removals](#removals)
    - [Deprecations](#deprecations)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-4)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-2)
 - [v28.1](#v281)
 - [v28.0](#v280)
    - [Community Engagement (Reminder)](#community-engagement-reminder)
@@ -44,9 +35,9 @@
    - [Virtualised TPM Support](#virtualised-tpm-support)
    - [Transparent Huge Page Support](#transparent-huge-page-support)
    - [README Quick Start Improved](#readme-quick-start-improved)
-    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-5)
+    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-3)
    - [Removals](#removals-1)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-5)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-3)
 - [v27.0](#v270)
    - [Community Engagement](#community-engagement)
    - [Prebuilt Packages](#prebuilt-packages)
@@ -55,41 +46,41 @@
    - [Simplified Build Feature Flags](#simplified-build-feature-flags)
    - [Asynchronous Kernel Loading](#asynchronous-kernel-loading)
    - [GDB Support for AArch64](#gdb-support-for-aarch64)
-    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-6)
+    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-4)
    - [Deprecations](#deprecations-1)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-6)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-4)
 - [v26.0](#v260)
    - [SMBIOS Improvements via `--platform`](#smbios-improvements-via---platform)
    - [Unified Binary MSHV and KVM Support](#unified-binary-mshv-and-kvm-support)
-    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-7)
+    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-5)
    - [Deprecations](#deprecations-2)
    - [Removals](#removals-2)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-7)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-5)
 - [v25.0](#v250)
    - [`ch-remote` Improvements](#ch-remote-improvements-1)
    - [VM "Coredump" Support](#vm-coredump-support)
-    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-8)
+    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-6)
    - [Removals](#removals-3)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-8)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-6)
 - [v24.0](#v240)
    - [Bypass Mode for `virtio-iommu`](#bypass-mode-for-virtio-iommu)
    - [Ensure Identifiers Uniqueness](#ensure-identifiers-uniqueness)
    - [Sparse Mmap support](#sparse-mmap-support)
    - [Expose Platform Serial Number](#expose-platform-serial-number)
-    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-9)
+    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-7)
    - [Notable Improvements](#notable-improvements)
    - [Deprecations](#deprecations-3)
    - [New on the Website](#new-on-the-website)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-9)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-7)
 - [v23.1](#v231)
 - [v23.0](#v230)
    - [vDPA Support](#vdpa-support)
    - [Updated OS Support list](#updated-os-support-list)
    - [`AArch64` Memory Map Improvements](#aarch64-memory-map-improvements)
    - [`AMX` Support](#amx-support)
-    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-10)
+    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-8)
    - [Deprecations](#deprecations-4)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-10)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-8)
 - [v22.1](#v221)
 - [v22.0](#v220)
    - [GDB Debug Stub Support](#gdb-debug-stub-support)
@@ -100,13 +91,13 @@
    - [PMU Support for AArch64](#pmu-support-for-aarch64)
    - [Documentation Under CC-BY-4.0 License](#documentation-under-cc-by-40-license)
    - [Deprecation of "Classic" `virtiofsd`](#deprecation-of-classic-virtiofsd)
-    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-11)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-11)
+    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-9)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-9)
 - [v21.0](#v210)
    - [Efficient Local Live Migration (for Live Upgrade)](#efficient-local-live-migration-for-live-upgrade)
    - [Recommended Kernel is Now 5.15](#recommended-kernel-is-now-515)
-    - [Notable Bug fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-12)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-12)
+    - [Notable Bug fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-10)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-10)
 - [v20.2](#v202)
 - [v20.1](#v201)
 - [v20.0](#v200)
@@ -115,8 +106,8 @@
    - [Improved VFIO support](#improved-vfio-support)
    - [Safer code](#safer-code)
    - [Extended documentation](#extended-documentation)
-    - [Notable bug fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-13)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-13)
+    - [Notable bug fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-11)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-11)
 - [v19.0](#v190)
    - [Improved PTY handling for serial and `virtio-console`](#improved-pty-handling-for-serial-and-virtio-console)
    - [PCI boot time optimisations](#pci-boot-time-optimisations)
@@ -124,8 +115,8 @@
    - [Live migration enhancements](#live-migration-enhancements)
    - [`virtio-mem` support with `vfio-user`](#virtio-mem-support-with-vfio-user)
    - [AArch64 for `virtio-iommu`](#aarch64-for-virtio-iommu)
-    - [Notable bug fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-14)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-14)
+    - [Notable bug fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-12)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-12)
 - [v18.0](#v180)
    - [Experimental User Device (`vfio-user`) support](#experimental-user-device-vfio-user-support)
    - [Migration support for `vhost-user` devices](#migration-support-for-vhost-user-devices)
@@ -135,23 +126,23 @@
    - [Live migration on MSHV hypervisor](#live-migration-on-mshv-hypervisor)
    - [AArch64 CPU topology support](#aarch64-cpu-topology-support)
    - [Power button support on AArch64](#power-button-support-on-aarch64)
-    - [Notable bug fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-15)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-15)
+    - [Notable bug fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-13)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-13)
 - [v17.0](#v170)
    - [ARM64 NUMA support using ACPI](#arm64-numa-support-using-acpi)
    - [`Seccomp` support for MSHV backend](#seccomp-support-for-mshv-backend)
    - [Hotplug of `macvtap` devices](#hotplug-of-macvtap-devices)
    - [Improved SGX support](#improved-sgx-support)
    - [Inflight tracking for `vhost-user` devices](#inflight-tracking-for-vhost-user-devices)
-    - [Notable bug fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-16)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-16)
+    - [Notable bug fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-14)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-14)
 - [v16.0](#v160)
    - [Improved live migration support](#improved-live-migration-support)
    - [Improved `vhost-user` support](#improved-vhost-user-support)
    - [ARM64 ACPI and UEFI support](#arm64-acpi-and-uefi-support)
-    - [Notable bug fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-17)
+    - [Notable bug fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-15)
    - [Removed functionality](#removed-functionality)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-17)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-15)
 - [v15.0](#v150)
    - [Version numbering and stability guarantees](#version-numbering-and-stability-guarantees)
    - [Network device rate limiting](#network-device-rate-limiting)
@@ -159,7 +150,7 @@
    - [`--api-socket` supports file descriptor parameter](#--api-socket-supports-file-descriptor-parameter)
    - [Bug fixes](#bug-fixes)
    - [Deprecations](#deprecations-5)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-18)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-16)
 - [v0.14.1](#v0141)
 - [v0.14.0](#v0140)
    - [Structured event monitoring](#structured-event-monitoring)
@@ -169,7 +160,7 @@
    - [PTY control for serial and `virtio-console`](#pty-control-for-serial-and-virtio-console)
    - [Block device rate limiting](#block-device-rate-limiting)
    - [Deprecations](#deprecations-6)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-19)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-17)
 - [v0.13.0](#v0130)
    - [Wider VFIO device support](#wider-vfio-device-support)
    - [Improved huge page support](#improved-huge-page-support)
@@ -177,13 +168,13 @@
    - [VHD disk image support](#vhd-disk-image-support)
    - [Improved Virtio device threading](#improved-virtio-device-threading)
    - [Clean shutdown support via synthetic power button](#clean-shutdown-support-via-synthetic-power-button)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-20)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-18)
 - [v0.12.0](#v0120)
    - [ARM64 enhancements](#arm64-enhancements)
    - [Removal of `vhost-user-net` and `vhost-user-block` self spawning](#removal-of-vhost-user-net-and-vhost-user-block-self-spawning)
    - [Migration of `vhost-user-fs` backend](#migration-of-vhost-user-fs-backend)
    - [Enhanced "info" API](#enhanced-info-api)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-21)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-19)
 - [v0.11.0](#v0110)
    - [`io_uring` support by default for `virtio-block`](#io_uring-support-by-default-for-virtio-block)
    - [Windows Guest Support](#windows-guest-support)
@@ -195,15 +186,15 @@
    - [Default Log Level Changed](#default-log-level-changed)
    - [New `--balloon` Parameter Added](#new---balloon-parameter-added)
    - [Experimental `virtio-watchdog` Support](#experimental-virtio-watchdog-support)
-    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-18)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-22)
+    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-16)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-20)
 - [v0.10.0](#v0100)
    - [`virtio-block` Support for Multiple Descriptors](#virtio-block-support-for-multiple-descriptors)
    - [Memory Zones](#memory-zones)
    - [`Seccomp` Sandbox Improvements](#seccomp-sandbox-improvements)
    - [Preliminary KVM HyperV Emulation Control](#preliminary-kvm-hyperv-emulation-control)
-    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-19)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-23)
+    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-17)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-21)
 - [v0.9.0](#v090)
    - [`io_uring` Based Block Device Support](#io_uring-based-block-device-support)
    - [Block and Network Device Statistics](#block-and-network-device-statistics)
@@ -216,17 +207,17 @@
    - [Enhancements to ARM64 Support](#enhancements-to-arm64-support)
    - [Intel SGX Support](#intel-sgx-support)
    - [`Seccomp` Sandbox Improvements](#seccomp-sandbox-improvements-1)
-    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-20)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-24)
+    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-18)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-22)
 - [v0.8.0](#v080)
    - [Experimental Snapshot and Restore Support](#experimental-snapshot-and-restore-support)
    - [Experimental ARM64 Support](#experimental-arm64-support)
    - [Support for Using 5-level Paging in Guests](#support-for-using-5-level-paging-in-guests)
    - [Virtio Device Interrupt Suppression for Network Devices](#virtio-device-interrupt-suppression-for-network-devices)
    - [`vhost_user_fs` Improvements](#vhost_user_fs-improvements)
-    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-21)
+    - [Notable Bug Fixes](#notable-bug-fixes-19)
    - [Command Line and API Changes](#command-line-and-api-changes)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-25)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-23)
 - [v0.7.0](#v070)
    - [Block, Network, Persistent Memory (PMEM), VirtioFS and Vsock hotplug](#block-network-persistent-memory-pmem-virtiofs-and-vsock-hotplug)
    - [Alternative `libc` Support](#alternative-libc-support)
@@ -236,14 +227,14 @@
    - [`Seccomp` Sandboxing](#seccomp-sandboxing)
    - [Updated Distribution Support](#updated-distribution-support)
    - [Command Line and API Changes](#command-line-and-api-changes-1)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-26)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-24)
 - [v0.6.0](#v060)
    - [Directly Assigned Devices Hotplug](#directly-assigned-devices-hotplug)
    - [Shared Filesystem Improvements](#shared-filesystem-improvements)
    - [Block and Networking IO Self Offloading](#block-and-networking-io-self-offloading)
    - [Command Line Interface](#command-line-interface)
    - [PVH Boot](#pvh-boot)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-27)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-25)
 - [v0.5.1](#v051)
 - [v0.5.0](#v050)
    - [Virtual Machine Dynamic Resizing](#virtual-machine-dynamic-resizing)
@@ -251,7 +242,7 @@
    - [New Interrupt Management Framework](#new-interrupt-management-framework)
    - [Development Tools](#development-tools)
    - [Kata Containers Integration](#kata-containers-integration)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-28)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-26)
 - [v0.4.0](#v040)
    - [Dynamic virtual CPUs addition](#dynamic-virtual-cpus-addition)
    - [Programmatic firmware tables generation](#programmatic-firmware-tables-generation)
@@ -260,7 +251,7 @@
    - [Userspace IOAPIC by default](#userspace-ioapic-by-default)
    - [PCI BAR reprogramming](#pci-bar-reprogramming)
    - [New `cloud-hypervisor` organization](#new-cloud-hypervisor-organization)
-    - [Contributors](#contributors-29)
+    - [Contributors](#contributors-27)
 - [v0.3.0](#v030)
    - [Block device offloading](#block-device-offloading)
    - [Network device backend](#network-device-backend)
@@ -287,93 +278,23 @@
    - [Unit testing](#unit-testing)
    - [Integration tests parallelization](#integration-tests-parallelization)

-# v33.0
+# v31.2

-This release has been tracked in our [roadmap
-project](https://github.com/orgs/cloud-hypervisor/projects/6) as iteration
-v33.0. The following user visible changes have been made:
-
-### D-Bus based API
-
-A D-Bus based API has been added as an alternative to the existing REST
-API. This feature is gated by the `dbus_api` feature. Details can be
-found in the [API documentation](docs/api.md).
-
-### Expose Host CPU Cache Details for AArch64
-
-Now the CPU cache information on the host is properly exposed to the
-guest on AArch64.
-
-### Notable Bug Fixes
+This is a bug fix release. The following issues have been addressed:

+* The number of vCPUs is capped at the hypervisor maximum (#5357)
+* Fixes for TTY reset (#5414)
+* CPU topology fixes on MSHV (#5325)
+* Seccomp fixes for older distributions (#5397)
 * Report errors explicitly to users when VM failed to boot (#5453)
 * Fix VFIO on platforms with non-4k page size (#5450, #5469)
 * Fix TDX initialization (#5454)
 * Ensure all guest memory regions are page-size aligned (#5496)
 * Fix seccomp filter lists related to virtio-console, serial and pty
-  (#5506, #5524)
+(#5506, #5524)
 * Populate APIC ID properly (#5512)
 * Ignore and warn TAP FDs in more situations (#5522)

-### Contributors
-
-Many thanks to everyone who has contributed to our release:
-
-* Alyssa Ross <hi@alyssa.is>
-* Anatol Belski <anbelski@linux.microsoft.com>
-* Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>
-* Jianyong Wu <jianyong.wu@arm.com>
-* Omer Faruk Bayram <omer.faruk@sartura.hr>
-* Rafael Mendonca <rafaelmendsr@gmail.com>
-* Ravi kumar Veeramally <ravikumar.veeramally@intel.com>
-* Rob Bradford <rbradford@rivosinc.com>
-* Ruslan Mstoi <ruslan.mstoi@intel.com>
-* Yu Li <liyu.yukiteru@bytedance.com>
-* zhongbingnan <zhongbingnan@bytedance.com>
-
-# v32.0
-
-This release has been tracked in our [roadmap
-project](https://github.com/orgs/cloud-hypervisor/projects/6) as iteration
-v32.0. The following user visible changes have been made:
-
-### Increased PCI Segment Limit
-
-The maximum number of PCI segments that can be used is now 96 (up from 16).
-
-### API Changes
-
-* The VmmPingResponse now includes the PID as well as the build details.
-  (#5348)
-
-### Notable Bug Fixes
-
-* Ignore and warn TAP FDs sent via the HTTP request body (#5350)
-* Properly preserve and close valid FDs for TAP devices (#5373)
-* Only use `KVM_ARM_VCPU_PMU_V3` if available (#5360)
-* Only touch the tty flags if it's being used (#5343)
-* Fix seccomp filter lists for vhost-user devices (#5361)
-* The number of vCPUs is capped at the hypervisor maximum (#5357)
-* Fixes for TTY reset (#5414)
-* CPU topology fixes on MSHV (#5325)
-* Seccomp fixes for older distributions (#5397)
-
-### Contributors
-
-Many thanks to everyone who has contributed to our release:
-
-* Alyssa Ross <hi@alyssa.is>
-* Anatol Belski <anbelski@linux.microsoft.com>
-* Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>
-* Hao Xu <howeyxu@tencent.com>
-* Muminul Islam <muislam@microsoft.com>
-* Omer Faruk Bayram <omer.faruk@sartura.hr>
-* Rafael Mendonca <rafaelmendsr@gmail.com>
-* Rob Bradford <rbradford@rivosinc.com>
-* Ruslan Mstoi <ruslan.mstoi@intel.com>
-* Smit Gardhariya <gardhariya.smit@gmail.com>
-* Wei Liu <liuwe@microsoft.com>
-
 # v31.1

 This is a bug fix release. The following issues have been addressed:
--- a/resources/Dockerfile
+++ b/resources/Dockerfile
@@ -15,67 +15,58 @@ ARG CARGO_GIT_REGISTRY_DIR="$CLH_BUILD_DIR/cargo_git_registry"
 ENV CARGO_HOME=/usr/local/rust
 ENV RUSTUP_HOME=$CARGO_HOME
 ENV PATH="$PATH:$CARGO_HOME/bin"
-ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive

 # Install all CI dependencies
-# DL3015 ignored cause not installing openvswitch-switch-dpdk recommended packages breaks ovs_dpdk test
-# hadolint ignore=DL3008,DL3015
 RUN apt-get update \
-        && apt-get -yq upgrade \
-        && apt-get install --no-install-recommends -yq \
-        build-essential \
-        bc \
-        curl \
-        wget \
-        sudo \
-        mtools \
-        musl-tools \
-        libssl-dev \
-        pkg-config \
-        flex \
-        bison \
-        libelf-dev \
-        qemu-utils \
-        libglib2.0-dev \
-        libpixman-1-dev \
-        libseccomp-dev \
-        libcap-ng-dev \
-        socat \
-        dosfstools \
-        cpio \
-        python \
-        python3 \
-        python3-setuptools \
-        ntfs-3g \
-        python3-distutils \
-        uuid-dev \
-        iperf3 \
-        zip \
-        git-core \
-        dnsmasq \
-        dmsetup \
-        ca-certificates \
-        unzip \
-        iproute2 \
-        dbus \
-    && apt-get install openvswitch-switch-dpdk -yq \
+	&& apt-get -yq upgrade \
+	&& DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -yq \
+	build-essential \
+	bc \
+	curl \
+	wget \
+	sudo \
+	mtools \
+	musl-tools \
+	libssl-dev \
+	pkg-config \
+	flex \
+	bison \
+	libelf-dev \
+	qemu-utils \
+	libglib2.0-dev \
+	libpixman-1-dev \
+	libseccomp-dev \
+	libcap-ng-dev \
+	socat \
+	dosfstools \
+	cpio \
+	python \
+	python3 \
+	python3-setuptools \
+	ntfs-3g \
+	openvswitch-switch-dpdk \
+	python3-distutils \
+	uuid-dev \
+	iperf3 \
+	zip \
+	git-core \
+	dnsmasq \
+	dmsetup \
    && apt-get clean \
-    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /var/log/*log  /var/log/apt/* /var/lib/dpkg/*-old /var/cache/debconf/*-old
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

 RUN update-alternatives --set ovs-vswitchd /usr/lib/openvswitch-switch-dpdk/ovs-vswitchd-dpdk

-# hadolint ignore=DL3008
 RUN if [ "$TARGETARCH" = "amd64" ]; then \
-        apt-get update \
-        && apt-get -yq upgrade \
-        && apt-get install --no-install-recommends -yq gcc-multilib gawk \
-        libtool expect gnutls-dev gnutls-bin libfuse-dev \
-        libjson-glib-dev libgmp-dev libtasn1-dev python3-twisted \
-        net-tools softhsm2 \
-        && apt-get clean \
-        && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /var/log/*log  /var/log/apt/* /var/lib/dpkg/*-old /var/cache/debconf/*-old; fi
+	apt-get update \
+	&& apt-get -yq upgrade \
+	&& DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -yq gcc-multilib gawk \
+	libtool expect gnutls-dev gnutls-bin libfuse-dev \
+	libjson-glib-dev libgmp-dev libtasn1-dev python3-twisted \
+	net-tools softhsm2 \
+	&& apt-get clean \
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*;	fi

-# hadolint ignore=DL3008
 RUN if [ "$TARGETARCH" = "arm64" ]; then \
        # On AArch64, `setcap` binary should be installed via `libcap2-bin`.
        # The `setcap` binary is used in integration tests.
@@ -83,7 +74,7 @@ RUN if [ "$TARGETARCH" = "arm64" ]; then \
        # kernel (any version) image in `/boot` and modules in `/lib/modules`.
        apt-get update \
        && apt-get -yq upgrade \
-        && apt-get install --no-install-recommends -yq \
+        && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -yq \
        libcap2-bin \
        libguestfs-tools \
        linux-image-generic \
@@ -93,12 +84,11 @@ RUN if [ "$TARGETARCH" = "arm64" ]; then \
        perl \
        texinfo \
        && apt-get clean \
-        && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /var/log/*log  /var/log/apt/* /var/lib/dpkg/*-old /var/cache/debconf/*-old; fi
+        && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*;	fi

 # Fix the libssl-dev install
-# hadolint ignore=SC2155
 RUN export ARCH="$(uname -m)" \
-    && cp /usr/include/"$ARCH"-linux-gnu/openssl/opensslconf.h /usr/include/openssl/
+    && cp /usr/include/$ARCH-linux-gnu/openssl/opensslconf.h /usr/include/openssl/
 ENV X86_64_UNKNOWN_LINUX_GNU_OPENSSL_LIB_DIR=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/
 ENV X86_64_UNKNOWN_LINUX_MUSL_OPENSSL_LIB_DIR=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/
 ENV AARCH64_UNKNOWN_LINUX_GNU_OPENSSL_LIB_DIR=/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/
@@ -106,10 +96,9 @@ ENV AARCH64_UNKNOWN_LINUX_MUSL_OPENSSL_LIB_DIR=/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/
 ENV OPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR=/usr/include/

 # Install the rust toolchain
-# hadolint ignore=DL4006,SC2155
 RUN export ARCH="$(uname -m)" \
    && nohup curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y --profile minimal --default-toolchain "$RUST_TOOLCHAIN" \
-    && rustup target add "$ARCH"-unknown-linux-musl --toolchain "$RUST_TOOLCHAIN" \
+    && rustup target add $ARCH-unknown-linux-musl --toolchain "$RUST_TOOLCHAIN" \
    && if [ "$TARGETARCH" = "amd64" ]; then rustup toolchain add --profile minimal $RUST_TOOLCHAIN-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl; fi \
    && if [ "$TARGETARCH" = "amd64" ]; then rustup component add rustfmt; fi \
    && if [ "$TARGETARCH" = "amd64" ]; then rustup component add clippy; fi \
@@ -119,14 +108,12 @@ RUN export ARCH="$(uname -m)" \
    && ln -s "$CARGO_GIT_REGISTRY_DIR" "$CARGO_HOME/git"

 # Set the rust environment
-# hadolint ignore=SC2016
-RUN echo 'source $CARGO_HOME/env' >> "$HOME"/.bashrc \
-    && mkdir "$HOME"/.cargo \
-    && ln -s $CARGO_HOME/env "$HOME"/.cargo/env
+RUN echo 'source $CARGO_HOME/env' >> $HOME/.bashrc \
+    && mkdir $HOME/.cargo \
+    && ln -s $CARGO_HOME/env $HOME/.cargo/env

 # install SPDK NVMe
 # only for 'x86_64' platform images as 'docker buildx' can't build 'spdk'
-# hadolint ignore=DL3003,SC2046
 RUN if [ "$TARGETARCH" = "amd64" ]; then \
       git clone https://github.com/spdk/spdk \
       && cd spdk \
@@ -136,7 +123,7 @@ RUN if [ "$TARGETARCH" = "amd64" ]; then \
       && ./scripts/pkgdep.sh \
       && apt-get clean \
       && ./configure --with-vfio-user \
-       && make -j $(nproc) \
+       && make -j `nproc` \
       && mkdir /usr/local/bin/spdk-nvme \
       && cp ./build/bin/nvmf_tgt /usr/local/bin/spdk-nvme \
       && cp ./scripts/rpc.py /usr/local/bin/spdk-nvme \
@@ -144,7 +131,6 @@ RUN if [ "$TARGETARCH" = "amd64" ]; then \
       && cd .. && rm -rf spdk; fi

 # install swtpm only for x86_64 arch
-# hadolint ignore=DL3003
 RUN if [ "$TARGETARCH" = "amd64" ]; then \
    git clone https://github.com/stefanberger/libtpms libtpms_build \
    && cd libtpms_build \
@@ -165,7 +151,7 @@ RUN if [ "$TARGETARCH" = "amd64" ]; then \

 # install ethr tool for performance tests
 RUN if [ "$TARGETARCH" = "amd64" ]; then \
-    wget -nv https://github.com/microsoft/ethr/releases/latest/download/ethr_linux.zip \
+    wget https://github.com/microsoft/ethr/releases/latest/download/ethr_linux.zip \
    && unzip ethr_linux.zip \
    && cp ethr /usr/local/bin \
    && rm ethr_linux.zip; fi
--- a/scripts/create-cloud-init.sh
+++ b/scripts/create-cloud-init.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ set -x

 rm -f /tmp/ubuntu-cloudinit.img
 mkdosfs -n CIDATA -C /tmp/ubuntu-cloudinit.img 8192
-mcopy -oi /tmp/ubuntu-cloudinit.img -s test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/local/user-data ::
-mcopy -oi /tmp/ubuntu-cloudinit.img -s test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/local/meta-data ::
-mcopy -oi /tmp/ubuntu-cloudinit.img -s test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/local/network-config ::
+mcopy -oi /tmp/ubuntu-cloudinit.img -s test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/user-data ::
+mcopy -oi /tmp/ubuntu-cloudinit.img -s test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/meta-data ::
+mcopy -oi /tmp/ubuntu-cloudinit.img -s test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/network-config ::

--- a/scripts/dev_cli.sh
+++ b/scripts/dev_cli.sh
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 CLI_NAME="Cloud Hypervisor"

 CTR_IMAGE_TAG="ghcr.io/cloud-hypervisor/cloud-hypervisor"
-CTR_IMAGE_VERSION="20230620-0"
+CTR_IMAGE_VERSION="20230316-0"
 CTR_IMAGE="${CTR_IMAGE_TAG}:${CTR_IMAGE_VERSION}"

 DOCKER_RUNTIME="docker"
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ cmd_tests() {
            --env USER="root" \
            --env CH_LIBC="${libc}" \
            "$CTR_IMAGE" \
-            dbus-run-session ./scripts/run_integration_tests_"$(uname -m)".sh "$@" || fix_dir_perms $? || exit $?
+            ./scripts/run_integration_tests_"$(uname -m)".sh "$@" || fix_dir_perms $? || exit $?
    fi

    if [ "$integration_sgx" = true ]; then
@@ -539,7 +539,6 @@ cmd_tests() {
            --volume "$CLH_INTEGRATION_WORKLOADS:$CTR_CLH_INTEGRATION_WORKLOADS" \
            --env USER="root" \
            --env CH_LIBC="${libc}" \
-            --env RUST_BACKTRACE="${RUST_BACKTRACE}" \
            "$CTR_IMAGE" \
            ./scripts/run_metrics.sh "$@" || fix_dir_perms $? || exit $?
    fi
--- a/scripts/run_integration_tests_aarch64.sh
+++ b/scripts/run_integration_tests_aarch64.sh
@@ -225,8 +225,8 @@ fi

 BUILD_TARGET="aarch64-unknown-linux-${CH_LIBC}"
 if [[ "${BUILD_TARGET}" == "aarch64-unknown-linux-musl" ]]; then
-    export TARGET_CC="musl-gcc"
-    export RUSTFLAGS="-C link-arg=-lgcc -C link_arg=-specs -C link_arg=/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-musl/musl-gcc.specs"
+export TARGET_CC="musl-gcc"
+export RUSTFLAGS="-C link-arg=-lgcc -C link_arg=-specs -C link_arg=/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-musl/musl-gcc.specs"
 fi

 export RUST_BACKTRACE=1
@@ -281,12 +281,4 @@ else
    exit $RES
 fi

-# Run tests on dbus_api
-if [ $RES -eq 0 ]; then
-    cargo build --features "dbus_api" --all --release --target $BUILD_TARGET
-    export RUST_BACKTRACE=1
-    time cargo test "dbus_api::$test_filter" --target $BUILD_TARGET -- ${test_binary_args[*]}
-    RES=$?
-fi
-
 exit $RES
--- a/scripts/run_integration_tests_sgx.sh
+++ b/scripts/run_integration_tests_sgx.sh
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ BUILD_TARGET="$(uname -m)-unknown-linux-${CH_LIBC}"
 CFLAGS=""
 TARGET_CC=""
 if [[ "${BUILD_TARGET}" == "x86_64-unknown-linux-musl" ]]; then
-    TARGET_CC="musl-gcc"
-    CFLAGS="-I /usr/include/x86_64-linux-musl/ -idirafter /usr/include/"
+TARGET_CC="musl-gcc"
+CFLAGS="-I /usr/include/x86_64-linux-musl/ -idirafter /usr/include/"
 fi

 cargo build --no-default-features --features "kvm,mshv" --all --release --target $BUILD_TARGET
--- a/scripts/run_integration_tests_vfio.sh
+++ b/scripts/run_integration_tests_vfio.sh
@@ -7,42 +7,9 @@ source $(dirname "$0")/test-util.sh
 process_common_args "$@"

 WORKLOADS_DIR="$HOME/workloads"
-mkdir -p "$WORKLOADS_DIR"
-
-cp scripts/sha1sums-x86_64 $WORKLOADS_DIR
-
-FW_URL=$(curl --silent https://api.github.com/repos/cloud-hypervisor/rust-hypervisor-firmware/releases/latest | grep "browser_download_url" | grep -o 'https://.*[^ "]')
-FW="$WORKLOADS_DIR/hypervisor-fw"
-if [ ! -f "$FW" ]; then
-    pushd $WORKLOADS_DIR
-    time wget --quiet $FW_URL || exit 1
-    popd
-fi
-
-FOCAL_OS_IMAGE_NAME="focal-server-cloudimg-amd64-custom-20210609-0.qcow2"
-FOCAL_OS_IMAGE_URL="https://cloud-hypervisor.azureedge.net/$FOCAL_OS_IMAGE_NAME"
+FOCAL_OS_IMAGE_NAME="focal-server-cloudimg-amd64-custom-20210609-0.raw"
 FOCAL_OS_IMAGE="$WORKLOADS_DIR/$FOCAL_OS_IMAGE_NAME"
-if [ ! -f "$FOCAL_OS_IMAGE" ]; then
-    pushd $WORKLOADS_DIR
-    time wget --quiet $FOCAL_OS_IMAGE_URL || exit 1
-    popd
-fi
-
-FOCAL_OS_RAW_IMAGE_NAME="focal-server-cloudimg-amd64-custom-20210609-0.raw"
-FOCAL_OS_RAW_IMAGE="$WORKLOADS_DIR/$FOCAL_OS_RAW_IMAGE_NAME"
-if [ ! -f "$FOCAL_OS_RAW_IMAGE" ]; then
-    pushd $WORKLOADS_DIR
-    time qemu-img convert -p -f qcow2 -O raw $FOCAL_OS_IMAGE_NAME $FOCAL_OS_RAW_IMAGE_NAME || exit 1
-    popd
-fi
-
-pushd $WORKLOADS_DIR
-sha1sum sha1sums-x86_64 --check --ignore-missing
-if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
-    echo "sha1sum validation of images failed, remove invalid images to fix the issue."
-    exit 1
-fi
-popd
+FW="$WORKLOADS_DIR/hypervisor-fw"

 VMLINUX_IMAGE="$WORKLOADS_DIR/vmlinux"
 build_custom_linux
@@ -64,7 +31,7 @@ VFIO_DIR="$WORKLOADS_DIR/vfio"
 VFIO_DISK_IMAGE="$WORKLOADS_DIR/vfio.img"
 rm -rf $VFIO_DIR $VFIO_DISK_IMAGE
 mkdir -p $VFIO_DIR
-cp $FOCAL_OS_RAW_IMAGE $VFIO_DIR
+cp $FOCAL_OS_IMAGE $VFIO_DIR
 cp $FW $VFIO_DIR
 cp $VMLINUX_IMAGE $VFIO_DIR || exit 1

--- a/scripts/run_integration_tests_windows_aarch64.sh
+++ b/scripts/run_integration_tests_windows_aarch64.sh
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ BUILD_TARGET="$(uname -m)-unknown-linux-${CH_LIBC}"
 CFLAGS=""
 TARGET_CC=""
 if [[ "${BUILD_TARGET}" == "aarch64-unknown-linux-musl" ]]; then
-    export TARGET_CC="musl-gcc"
-    export RUSTFLAGS="-C link-arg=-lgcc -C link_arg=-specs -C link_arg=/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-musl/musl-gcc.specs"
+export TARGET_CC="musl-gcc"
+export RUSTFLAGS="-C link-arg=-lgcc -C link_arg=-specs -C link_arg=/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-musl/musl-gcc.specs"
 fi

 # Check if the images are present
--- a/scripts/run_integration_tests_windows_x86_64.sh
+++ b/scripts/run_integration_tests_windows_x86_64.sh
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ BUILD_TARGET="$(uname -m)-unknown-linux-${CH_LIBC}"
 CFLAGS=""
 TARGET_CC=""
 if [[ "${BUILD_TARGET}" == "x86_64-unknown-linux-musl" ]]; then
-    TARGET_CC="musl-gcc"
-    CFLAGS="-I /usr/include/x86_64-linux-musl/ -idirafter /usr/include/"
+TARGET_CC="musl-gcc"
+CFLAGS="-I /usr/include/x86_64-linux-musl/ -idirafter /usr/include/"
 fi

 # Check if the images are present
--- a/scripts/run_integration_tests_x86_64.sh
+++ b/scripts/run_integration_tests_x86_64.sh
@@ -189,13 +189,4 @@ if [ $RES -eq 0 ]; then
    RES=$?
 fi

-# Run tests on dbus_api
-if [ $RES -eq 0 ]; then
-    cargo build --no-default-features --features "kvm,mshv,dbus_api" --all  --release --target $BUILD_TARGET
-    export RUST_BACKTRACE=1
-    # integration tests now do not reply on build feature "dbus_api"
-    time cargo test $test_features "dbus_api::$test_filter" -- ${test_binary_args[*]}
-    RES=$?
-fi
-
 exit $RES
--- a/scripts/run_metrics.sh
+++ b/scripts/run_metrics.sh
@@ -107,12 +107,7 @@ fi
 # Ensure that git commands can be run in this directory (for metrics report)
 git config --global --add safe.directory $PWD

-RUST_BACKTRACE_VALUE=`echo $RUST_BACKTRACE`
-if [ -z $RUST_BACKTRACE_VALUE ];then
-	export RUST_BACKTRACE=1
-else
-	echo "RUST_BACKTRACE is set to: $RUST_BACKTRACE_VALUE"
-fi
+export RUST_BACKTRACE=1
 time target/$BUILD_TARGET/release/performance-metrics ${test_binary_args[*]}
 RES=$?

--- a/scripts/sha1sums-x86_64
+++ b/scripts/sha1sums-x86_64
@@ -3,3 +3,4 @@ f1eccdc5e1b515dbad294426ab081b47ebfb97c0 focal-server-cloudimg-amd64-custom-2021
 7f5a8358243a96adf61f5c20139b29f308f2c0e3 focal-server-cloudimg-amd64-custom-20210609-0.raw
 864c074e2f1bd753667a35188b510d83a1d62793 jammy-server-cloudimg-amd64-custom-20230119-0.qcow2
 24358ee053f94e7f710ea4ce9e7a63eff2a1eb25 jammy-server-cloudimg-amd64-custom-20230119-0.raw
+
--- a/src/bin/ch-remote.rs
+++ b/src/bin/ch-remote.rs
@@ -11,19 +11,13 @@ use argh::FromArgs;
 use option_parser::{ByteSized, ByteSizedParseError};
 use std::fmt;
 use std::io::Read;
-use std::marker::PhantomData;
 use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;
 use std::process;
-#[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-use zbus::{dbus_proxy, zvariant::Optional};
-
-type ApiResult = Result<(), Error>;

 #[derive(Debug)]
 enum Error {
-    HttpApiClient(ApiClientError),
-    #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-    DBusApiClient(zbus::Error),
+    Connect(std::io::Error),
+    ApiClient(ApiClientError),
    InvalidMemorySize(ByteSizedParseError),
    InvalidBalloonSize(ByteSizedParseError),
    AddDeviceConfig(vmm::config::Error),
@@ -43,9 +37,8 @@ impl fmt::Display for Error {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        use Error::*;
        match self {
-            HttpApiClient(e) => e.fmt(f),
-            #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-            DBusApiClient(e) => write!(f, "Error D-Bus proxy: {e}"),
+            ApiClient(e) => e.fmt(f),
+            Connect(e) => write!(f, "Error opening HTTP socket: {e}"),
            InvalidMemorySize(e) => write!(f, "Error parsing memory size: {e:?}"),
            InvalidBalloonSize(e) => write!(f, "Error parsing balloon size: {e:?}"),
            AddDeviceConfig(e) => write!(f, "Error parsing device syntax: {e}"),
@@ -63,430 +56,12 @@ impl fmt::Display for Error {
    }
 }

-enum TargetApi<'a> {
-    HttpApi(UnixStream, PhantomData<&'a ()>),
-    #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-    DBusApi(DBusApi1ProxyBlocking<'a>),
-}
-
-#[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-#[dbus_proxy(name = "org.cloudhypervisor.DBusApi1", assume_defaults = false)]
-trait DBusApi1 {
-    fn vmm_ping(&self) -> zbus::Result<String>;
-    fn vmm_shutdown(&self) -> zbus::Result<()>;
-    fn vm_add_device(&self, device_config: &str) -> zbus::Result<Optional<String>>;
-    fn vm_add_disk(&self, disk_config: &str) -> zbus::Result<Optional<String>>;
-    fn vm_add_fs(&self, fs_config: &str) -> zbus::Result<Optional<String>>;
-    fn vm_add_net(&self, net_config: &str) -> zbus::Result<Optional<String>>;
-    fn vm_add_pmem(&self, pmem_config: &str) -> zbus::Result<Optional<String>>;
-    fn vm_add_user_device(&self, vm_add_user_device: &str) -> zbus::Result<Optional<String>>;
-    fn vm_add_vdpa(&self, vdpa_config: &str) -> zbus::Result<Optional<String>>;
-    fn vm_add_vsock(&self, vsock_config: &str) -> zbus::Result<Optional<String>>;
-    fn vm_boot(&self) -> zbus::Result<()>;
-    fn vm_coredump(&self, vm_coredump_data: &str) -> zbus::Result<()>;
-    fn vm_counters(&self) -> zbus::Result<Optional<String>>;
-    fn vm_create(&self, vm_config: &str) -> zbus::Result<()>;
-    fn vm_delete(&self) -> zbus::Result<()>;
-    fn vm_info(&self) -> zbus::Result<String>;
-    fn vm_pause(&self) -> zbus::Result<()>;
-    fn vm_power_button(&self) -> zbus::Result<()>;
-    fn vm_reboot(&self) -> zbus::Result<()>;
-    fn vm_remove_device(&self, vm_remove_device: &str) -> zbus::Result<()>;
-    fn vm_resize(&self, vm_resize: &str) -> zbus::Result<()>;
-    fn vm_resize_zone(&self, vm_resize_zone: &str) -> zbus::Result<()>;
-    fn vm_restore(&self, restore_config: &str) -> zbus::Result<()>;
-    fn vm_receive_migration(&self, receive_migration_data: &str) -> zbus::Result<()>;
-    fn vm_send_migration(&self, receive_migration_data: &str) -> zbus::Result<()>;
-    fn vm_resume(&self) -> zbus::Result<()>;
-    fn vm_shutdown(&self) -> zbus::Result<()>;
-    fn vm_snapshot(&self, vm_snapshot_config: &str) -> zbus::Result<()>;
-}
-
-#[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-impl<'a> DBusApi1ProxyBlocking<'a> {
-    fn new_connection(name: &'a str, path: &'a str, system_bus: bool) -> Result<Self, zbus::Error> {
-        let connection = if system_bus {
-            zbus::blocking::Connection::system()?
-        } else {
-            zbus::blocking::Connection::session()?
-        };
-
-        Self::builder(&connection)
-            .destination(name)?
-            .path(path)?
-            .build()
-    }
-
-    fn print_response(&self, result: zbus::Result<Optional<String>>) -> ApiResult {
-        result
-            .map(|ret| {
-                if let Some(ref output) = *ret {
-                    println!("{output}");
-                }
-            })
-            .map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vmm_ping(&self) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vmm_ping()
-            .map(|ping| println!("{ping}"))
-            .map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vmm_shutdown(&self) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vmm_shutdown().map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_add_device(&self, device_config: &str) -> ApiResult {
-        self.print_response(self.vm_add_device(device_config))
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_add_disk(&self, disk_config: &str) -> ApiResult {
-        self.print_response(self.vm_add_disk(disk_config))
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_add_fs(&self, fs_config: &str) -> ApiResult {
-        self.print_response(self.vm_add_fs(fs_config))
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_add_net(&self, net_config: &str) -> ApiResult {
-        self.print_response(self.vm_add_net(net_config))
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_add_pmem(&self, pmem_config: &str) -> ApiResult {
-        self.print_response(self.vm_add_pmem(pmem_config))
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_add_user_device(&self, vm_add_user_device: &str) -> ApiResult {
-        self.print_response(self.vm_add_user_device(vm_add_user_device))
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_add_vdpa(&self, vdpa_config: &str) -> ApiResult {
-        self.print_response(self.vm_add_vdpa(vdpa_config))
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_add_vsock(&self, vsock_config: &str) -> ApiResult {
-        self.print_response(self.vm_add_vsock(vsock_config))
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_boot(&self) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vm_boot().map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_coredump(&self, vm_coredump_data: &str) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vm_coredump(vm_coredump_data)
-            .map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_counters(&self) -> ApiResult {
-        self.print_response(self.vm_counters())
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_create(&self, vm_config: &str) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vm_create(vm_config).map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_delete(&self) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vm_delete().map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_info(&self) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vm_info()
-            .map(|info| println!("{info}"))
-            .map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_pause(&self) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vm_pause().map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_power_button(&self) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vm_power_button().map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_reboot(&self) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vm_reboot().map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_remove_device(&self, vm_remove_device: &str) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vm_remove_device(vm_remove_device)
-            .map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_resize(&self, vm_resize: &str) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vm_resize(vm_resize).map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_resize_zone(&self, vm_resize_zone: &str) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vm_resize_zone(vm_resize_zone)
-            .map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_restore(&self, restore_config: &str) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vm_restore(restore_config)
-            .map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_receive_migration(&self, receive_migration_data: &str) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vm_receive_migration(receive_migration_data)
-            .map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_send_migration(&self, send_migration_data: &str) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vm_send_migration(send_migration_data)
-            .map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_resume(&self) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vm_resume().map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_shutdown(&self) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vm_shutdown().map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-
-    fn api_vm_snapshot(&self, vm_snapshot_config: &str) -> ApiResult {
-        self.vm_snapshot(vm_snapshot_config)
-            .map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a> TargetApi<'a> {
-    fn do_command(&mut self, toplevel: &TopLevel) -> ApiResult {
-        match self {
-            Self::HttpApi(api_socket, _) => rest_api_do_command(toplevel, api_socket),
-            #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-            Self::DBusApi(proxy) => dbus_api_do_command(toplevel, proxy),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-fn rest_api_do_command(toplevel: &TopLevel, socket: &mut UnixStream) -> ApiResult {
-    match toplevel.command {
-        SubCommandEnum::Boot(_) => {
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "boot", None).map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Delete(_) => {
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "delete", None).map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::ShutdownVmm(_) => {
-            simple_api_full_command(socket, "PUT", "vmm.shutdown", None)
-                .map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Resume(_) => {
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "resume", None).map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::PowerButton(_) => {
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "power-button", None).map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Reboot(_) => {
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "reboot", None).map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Pause(_) => {
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "pause", None).map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Info(_) => {
-            simple_api_command(socket, "GET", "info", None).map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Counters(_) => {
-            simple_api_command(socket, "GET", "counters", None).map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Ping(_) => {
-            simple_api_full_command(socket, "GET", "vmm.ping", None).map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Shutdown(_) => {
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "shutdown", None).map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Resize(ref config) => {
-            let resize = resize_config(config.cpus, &config.memory, &config.balloon)?;
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "resize", Some(&resize)).map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::ResizeZone(ref config) => {
-            let resize_zone = resize_zone_config(&config.id, &config.size)?;
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "resize-zone", Some(&resize_zone))
-                .map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::AddDevice(ref config) => {
-            let device_config = add_device_config(&config.device_config)?;
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "add-device", Some(&device_config))
-                .map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::RemoveDevice(ref config) => {
-            let remove_device_data = remove_device_config(&config.device_config);
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "remove-device", Some(&remove_device_data))
-                .map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::AddDisk(ref config) => {
-            let disk_config = add_disk_config(&config.disk_config)?;
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "add-disk", Some(&disk_config))
-                .map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::AddFs(ref config) => {
-            let fs_config = add_fs_config(&config.fs_config)?;
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "add-fs", Some(&fs_config))
-                .map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::AddPmem(ref config) => {
-            let pmem_config = add_pmem_config(&config.pmem_config)?;
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "add-pmem", Some(&pmem_config))
-                .map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::AddNet(ref config) => {
-            let (net_config, fds) = add_net_config(&config.net_config)?;
-            simple_api_command_with_fds(socket, "PUT", "add-net", Some(&net_config), fds)
-                .map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::AddUserDevice(ref config) => {
-            let device_config = add_user_device_config(&config.device_config)?;
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "add-user-device", Some(&device_config))
-                .map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::AddVdpa(ref config) => {
-            let vdpa_config = add_vdpa_config(&config.vdpa_config)?;
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "add-vdpa", Some(&vdpa_config))
-                .map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::AddVsock(ref config) => {
-            let vsock_config = add_vsock_config(&config.vsock_config)?;
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "add-vsock", Some(&vsock_config))
-                .map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Snapshot(ref config) => {
-            let snapshot_config = snapshot_api_config(&config.snapshot_config);
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "snapshot", Some(&snapshot_config))
-                .map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Restore(ref config) => {
-            let restore_config = restore_config(&config.restore_config)?;
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "restore", Some(&restore_config))
-                .map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Coredump(ref config) => {
-            let coredump_config = coredump_config(&config.coredump_config);
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "coredump", Some(&coredump_config))
-                .map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::SendMigration(ref config) => {
-            let send_migration_data =
-                send_migration_data(&config.send_migration_config, config.send_migration_local);
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "send-migration", Some(&send_migration_data))
-                .map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::ReceiveMigration(ref config) => {
-            let receive_migration_data = receive_migration_data(&config.receive_migration_config);
-            simple_api_command(
-                socket,
-                "PUT",
-                "receive-migration",
-                Some(&receive_migration_data),
-            )
-            .map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Create(ref config) => {
-            let data = create_data(&config.vm_config)?;
-            simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "create", Some(&data)).map_err(Error::HttpApiClient)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Version(_) => {
-            // Already handled outside of this function
-            panic!()
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-fn dbus_api_do_command(toplevel: &TopLevel, proxy: &mut DBusApi1ProxyBlocking<'_>) -> ApiResult {
-    match toplevel.command {
-        SubCommandEnum::Boot(_) => proxy.api_vm_boot(),
-        SubCommandEnum::Delete(_) => proxy.api_vm_delete(),
-        SubCommandEnum::ShutdownVmm(_) => proxy.api_vmm_shutdown(),
-        SubCommandEnum::Resume(_) => proxy.api_vm_resume(),
-        SubCommandEnum::PowerButton(_) => proxy.api_vm_power_button(),
-        SubCommandEnum::Reboot(_) => proxy.api_vm_reboot(),
-        SubCommandEnum::Pause(_) => proxy.api_vm_pause(),
-        SubCommandEnum::Info(_) => proxy.api_vm_info(),
-        SubCommandEnum::Counters(_) => proxy.api_vm_counters(),
-        SubCommandEnum::Ping(_) => proxy.api_vmm_ping(),
-        SubCommandEnum::Shutdown(_) => proxy.api_vm_shutdown(),
-        SubCommandEnum::Resize(ref config) => {
-            let resize = resize_config(config.cpus, &config.memory, &config.balloon)?;
-            proxy.api_vm_resize(&resize)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::ResizeZone(ref config) => {
-            let resize_zone = resize_zone_config(&config.id, &config.size)?;
-            proxy.api_vm_resize_zone(&resize_zone)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::AddDevice(ref config) => {
-            let device_config = add_device_config(&config.device_config)?;
-            proxy.api_vm_add_device(&device_config)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::RemoveDevice(ref config) => {
-            let remove_device_data = remove_device_config(&config.device_config);
-            proxy.api_vm_remove_device(&remove_device_data)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::AddDisk(ref config) => {
-            let disk_config = add_disk_config(&config.disk_config)?;
-            proxy.api_vm_add_disk(&disk_config)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::AddFs(ref config) => {
-            let fs_config = add_fs_config(&config.fs_config)?;
-            proxy.api_vm_add_fs(&fs_config)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::AddPmem(ref config) => {
-            let pmem_config = add_pmem_config(&config.pmem_config)?;
-            proxy.api_vm_add_pmem(&pmem_config)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::AddNet(ref config) => {
-            let (net_config, _fds) = add_net_config(&config.net_config)?;
-            proxy.api_vm_add_net(&net_config)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::AddUserDevice(ref config) => {
-            let device_config = add_user_device_config(&config.device_config)?;
-            proxy.api_vm_add_user_device(&device_config)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::AddVdpa(ref config) => {
-            let vdpa_config = add_vdpa_config(&config.vdpa_config)?;
-            proxy.api_vm_add_vdpa(&vdpa_config)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::AddVsock(ref config) => {
-            let vsock_config = add_vsock_config(&config.vsock_config)?;
-            proxy.api_vm_add_vsock(&vsock_config)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Snapshot(ref config) => {
-            let snapshot_config = snapshot_api_config(&config.snapshot_config);
-            proxy.api_vm_snapshot(&snapshot_config)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Restore(ref config) => {
-            let restore_config = restore_config(&config.restore_config)?;
-            proxy.api_vm_restore(&restore_config)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Coredump(ref config) => {
-            let coredump_config = coredump_config(&config.coredump_config);
-            proxy.api_vm_coredump(&coredump_config)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::SendMigration(ref config) => {
-            let send_migration_data =
-                send_migration_data(&config.send_migration_config, config.send_migration_local);
-            proxy.api_vm_send_migration(&send_migration_data)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::ReceiveMigration(ref config) => {
-            let receive_migration_data = receive_migration_data(&config.receive_migration_config);
-            proxy.api_vm_receive_migration(&receive_migration_data)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Create(ref config) => {
-            let data = create_data(&config.vm_config)?;
-            proxy.api_vm_create(&data)
-        }
-        SubCommandEnum::Version(_) => {
-            // Already handled outside of this function
-            panic!()
-        }
-    }
-}
-fn resize_config(
+fn resize_api_command(
+    socket: &mut UnixStream,
    desired_vcpus: Option<u8>,
    memory: &Option<String>,
    balloon: &Option<String>,
-) -> Result<String, Error> {
+) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let desired_ram: Option<u64> = if let Some(memory) = memory {
        Some(
            memory
@@ -515,10 +90,16 @@ fn resize_config(
        desired_balloon,
    };

-    Ok(serde_json::to_string(&resize).unwrap())
+    simple_api_command(
+        socket,
+        "PUT",
+        "resize",
+        Some(&serde_json::to_string(&resize).unwrap()),
+    )
+    .map_err(Error::ApiClient)
 }

-fn resize_zone_config(id: &str, size: &str) -> Result<String, Error> {
+fn resize_zone_api_command(socket: &mut UnixStream, id: &str, size: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let resize_zone = vmm::api::VmResizeZoneData {
        id: id.to_owned(),
        desired_ram: size
@@ -527,52 +108,89 @@ fn resize_zone_config(id: &str, size: &str) -> Result<String, Error> {
            .0,
    };

-    Ok(serde_json::to_string(&resize_zone).unwrap())
+    simple_api_command(
+        socket,
+        "PUT",
+        "resize-zone",
+        Some(&serde_json::to_string(&resize_zone).unwrap()),
+    )
+    .map_err(Error::ApiClient)
 }

-fn add_device_config(config: &str) -> Result<String, Error> {
+fn add_device_api_command(socket: &mut UnixStream, config: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let device_config = vmm::config::DeviceConfig::parse(config).map_err(Error::AddDeviceConfig)?;
-    let device_config = serde_json::to_string(&device_config).unwrap();

-    Ok(device_config)
+    simple_api_command(
+        socket,
+        "PUT",
+        "add-device",
+        Some(&serde_json::to_string(&device_config).unwrap()),
+    )
+    .map_err(Error::ApiClient)
 }

-fn add_user_device_config(config: &str) -> Result<String, Error> {
+fn add_user_device_api_command(socket: &mut UnixStream, config: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let device_config =
        vmm::config::UserDeviceConfig::parse(config).map_err(Error::AddUserDeviceConfig)?;
-    let device_config = serde_json::to_string(&device_config).unwrap();

-    Ok(device_config)
+    simple_api_command(
+        socket,
+        "PUT",
+        "add-user-device",
+        Some(&serde_json::to_string(&device_config).unwrap()),
+    )
+    .map_err(Error::ApiClient)
 }

-fn remove_device_config(id: &str) -> String {
+fn remove_device_api_command(socket: &mut UnixStream, id: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let remove_device_data = vmm::api::VmRemoveDeviceData { id: id.to_owned() };

-    serde_json::to_string(&remove_device_data).unwrap()
+    simple_api_command(
+        socket,
+        "PUT",
+        "remove-device",
+        Some(&serde_json::to_string(&remove_device_data).unwrap()),
+    )
+    .map_err(Error::ApiClient)
 }

-fn add_disk_config(config: &str) -> Result<String, Error> {
+fn add_disk_api_command(socket: &mut UnixStream, config: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let disk_config = vmm::config::DiskConfig::parse(config).map_err(Error::AddDiskConfig)?;
-    let disk_config = serde_json::to_string(&disk_config).unwrap();

-    Ok(disk_config)
+    simple_api_command(
+        socket,
+        "PUT",
+        "add-disk",
+        Some(&serde_json::to_string(&disk_config).unwrap()),
+    )
+    .map_err(Error::ApiClient)
 }

-fn add_fs_config(config: &str) -> Result<String, Error> {
+fn add_fs_api_command(socket: &mut UnixStream, config: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let fs_config = vmm::config::FsConfig::parse(config).map_err(Error::AddFsConfig)?;
-    let fs_config = serde_json::to_string(&fs_config).unwrap();

-    Ok(fs_config)
+    simple_api_command(
+        socket,
+        "PUT",
+        "add-fs",
+        Some(&serde_json::to_string(&fs_config).unwrap()),
+    )
+    .map_err(Error::ApiClient)
 }

-fn add_pmem_config(config: &str) -> Result<String, Error> {
+fn add_pmem_api_command(socket: &mut UnixStream, config: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let pmem_config = vmm::config::PmemConfig::parse(config).map_err(Error::AddPmemConfig)?;
-    let pmem_config = serde_json::to_string(&pmem_config).unwrap();

-    Ok(pmem_config)
+    simple_api_command(
+        socket,
+        "PUT",
+        "add-pmem",
+        Some(&serde_json::to_string(&pmem_config).unwrap()),
+    )
+    .map_err(Error::ApiClient)
 }

-fn add_net_config(config: &str) -> Result<(String, Vec<i32>), Error> {
+fn add_net_api_command(socket: &mut UnixStream, config: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let mut net_config = vmm::config::NetConfig::parse(config).map_err(Error::AddNetConfig)?;

    // NetConfig is modified on purpose here by taking the list of file
@@ -580,66 +198,113 @@ fn add_net_config(config: &str) -> Result<(String, Vec<i32>), Error> {
    // process would not make any sense since the file descriptor may be
    // represented with different values.
    let fds = net_config.fds.take().unwrap_or_default();
-    let net_config = serde_json::to_string(&net_config).unwrap();

-    Ok((net_config, fds))
+    simple_api_command_with_fds(
+        socket,
+        "PUT",
+        "add-net",
+        Some(&serde_json::to_string(&net_config).unwrap()),
+        fds,
+    )
+    .map_err(Error::ApiClient)
 }

-fn add_vdpa_config(config: &str) -> Result<String, Error> {
+fn add_vdpa_api_command(socket: &mut UnixStream, config: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let vdpa_config = vmm::config::VdpaConfig::parse(config).map_err(Error::AddVdpaConfig)?;
-    let vdpa_config = serde_json::to_string(&vdpa_config).unwrap();

-    Ok(vdpa_config)
+    simple_api_command(
+        socket,
+        "PUT",
+        "add-vdpa",
+        Some(&serde_json::to_string(&vdpa_config).unwrap()),
+    )
+    .map_err(Error::ApiClient)
 }

-fn add_vsock_config(config: &str) -> Result<String, Error> {
+fn add_vsock_api_command(socket: &mut UnixStream, config: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let vsock_config = vmm::config::VsockConfig::parse(config).map_err(Error::AddVsockConfig)?;
-    let vsock_config = serde_json::to_string(&vsock_config).unwrap();

-    Ok(vsock_config)
+    simple_api_command(
+        socket,
+        "PUT",
+        "add-vsock",
+        Some(&serde_json::to_string(&vsock_config).unwrap()),
+    )
+    .map_err(Error::ApiClient)
 }

-fn snapshot_api_config(url: &str) -> String {
+fn snapshot_api_command(socket: &mut UnixStream, url: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let snapshot_config = vmm::api::VmSnapshotConfig {
        destination_url: String::from(url),
    };

-    serde_json::to_string(&snapshot_config).unwrap()
+    simple_api_command(
+        socket,
+        "PUT",
+        "snapshot",
+        Some(&serde_json::to_string(&snapshot_config).unwrap()),
+    )
+    .map_err(Error::ApiClient)
 }

-fn restore_config(config: &str) -> Result<String, Error> {
+fn restore_api_command(socket: &mut UnixStream, config: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let restore_config = vmm::config::RestoreConfig::parse(config).map_err(Error::Restore)?;
-    let restore_config = serde_json::to_string(&restore_config).unwrap();

-    Ok(restore_config)
+    simple_api_command(
+        socket,
+        "PUT",
+        "restore",
+        Some(&serde_json::to_string(&restore_config).unwrap()),
+    )
+    .map_err(Error::ApiClient)
 }

-fn coredump_config(destination_url: &str) -> String {
+fn coredump_api_command(socket: &mut UnixStream, destination_url: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let coredump_config = vmm::api::VmCoredumpData {
        destination_url: String::from(destination_url),
    };

-    serde_json::to_string(&coredump_config).unwrap()
+    simple_api_command(
+        socket,
+        "PUT",
+        "coredump",
+        Some(&serde_json::to_string(&coredump_config).unwrap()),
+    )
+    .map_err(Error::ApiClient)
 }

-fn receive_migration_data(url: &str) -> String {
+fn receive_migration_api_command(socket: &mut UnixStream, url: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let receive_migration_data = vmm::api::VmReceiveMigrationData {
        receiver_url: url.to_owned(),
    };
-
-    serde_json::to_string(&receive_migration_data).unwrap()
+    simple_api_command(
+        socket,
+        "PUT",
+        "receive-migration",
+        Some(&serde_json::to_string(&receive_migration_data).unwrap()),
+    )
+    .map_err(Error::ApiClient)
 }

-fn send_migration_data(url: &str, local: bool) -> String {
+fn send_migration_api_command(
+    socket: &mut UnixStream,
+    url: &str,
+    local: bool,
+) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let send_migration_data = vmm::api::VmSendMigrationData {
        destination_url: url.to_owned(),
        local,
    };
-
-    serde_json::to_string(&send_migration_data).unwrap()
+    simple_api_command(
+        socket,
+        "PUT",
+        "send-migration",
+        Some(&serde_json::to_string(&send_migration_data).unwrap()),
+    )
+    .map_err(Error::ApiClient)
 }

-fn create_data(path: &str) -> Result<String, Error> {
+fn create_api_command(socket: &mut UnixStream, path: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let mut data = String::default();
    if path == "-" {
        std::io::stdin()
@@ -649,7 +314,100 @@ fn create_data(path: &str) -> Result<String, Error> {
        data = std::fs::read_to_string(path).map_err(Error::ReadingFile)?;
    }

-    Ok(data)
+    simple_api_command(socket, "PUT", "create", Some(&data)).map_err(Error::ApiClient)
+}
+
+fn do_command(toplevel: &TopLevel) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    let mut socket =
+        UnixStream::connect(toplevel.api_socket.as_deref().unwrap()).map_err(Error::Connect)?;
+
+    match toplevel.command {
+        SubCommandEnum::Boot(_) => {
+            simple_api_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "boot", None).map_err(Error::ApiClient)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::Delete(_) => {
+            simple_api_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "delete", None).map_err(Error::ApiClient)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::ShutdownVmm(_) => {
+            simple_api_full_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "vmm.shutdown", None)
+                .map_err(Error::ApiClient)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::Resume(_) => {
+            simple_api_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "resume", None).map_err(Error::ApiClient)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::PowerButton(_) => {
+            simple_api_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "power-button", None).map_err(Error::ApiClient)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::Reboot(_) => {
+            simple_api_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "reboot", None).map_err(Error::ApiClient)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::Pause(_) => {
+            simple_api_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "pause", None).map_err(Error::ApiClient)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::Info(_) => {
+            simple_api_command(&mut socket, "GET", "info", None).map_err(Error::ApiClient)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::Counters(_) => {
+            simple_api_command(&mut socket, "GET", "counters", None).map_err(Error::ApiClient)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::Ping(_) => {
+            simple_api_full_command(&mut socket, "GET", "vmm.ping", None).map_err(Error::ApiClient)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::Shutdown(_) => {
+            simple_api_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "shutdown", None).map_err(Error::ApiClient)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::Resize(ref config) => {
+            resize_api_command(&mut socket, config.cpus, &config.memory, &config.balloon)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::ResizeZone(ref config) => {
+            resize_zone_api_command(&mut socket, &config.id, &config.size)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::AddDevice(ref config) => {
+            add_device_api_command(&mut socket, &config.device_config)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::RemoveDevice(ref config) => {
+            remove_device_api_command(&mut socket, &config.device_config)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::AddDisk(ref config) => {
+            add_disk_api_command(&mut socket, &config.disk_config)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::AddFs(ref config) => add_fs_api_command(&mut socket, &config.fs_config),
+        SubCommandEnum::AddPmem(ref config) => {
+            add_pmem_api_command(&mut socket, &config.pmem_config)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::AddNet(ref config) => add_net_api_command(&mut socket, &config.net_config),
+        SubCommandEnum::AddUserDevice(ref config) => {
+            add_user_device_api_command(&mut socket, &config.device_config)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::AddVdpa(ref config) => {
+            add_vdpa_api_command(&mut socket, &config.vdpa_config)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::AddVsock(ref config) => {
+            add_vsock_api_command(&mut socket, &config.vsock_config)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::Snapshot(ref config) => {
+            snapshot_api_command(&mut socket, &config.snapshot_config)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::Restore(ref config) => {
+            restore_api_command(&mut socket, &config.restore_config)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::Coredump(ref config) => {
+            coredump_api_command(&mut socket, &config.coredump_config)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::SendMigration(ref config) => send_migration_api_command(
+            &mut socket,
+            &config.send_migration_config,
+            config.send_migration_local,
+        ),
+        SubCommandEnum::ReceiveMigration(ref config) => {
+            receive_migration_api_command(&mut socket, &config.receive_migration_config)
+        }
+        SubCommandEnum::Create(ref config) => create_api_command(&mut socket, &config.vm_config),
+        SubCommandEnum::Version(_) => {
+            // Already handled outside of this function
+            panic!()
+        }
+    }
 }

 #[derive(FromArgs, PartialEq, Debug)]
@@ -661,21 +419,6 @@ struct TopLevel {
    #[argh(option, long = "api-socket")]
    /// HTTP API socket path (UNIX domain socket)
    api_socket: Option<String>,
-
-    #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-    #[argh(option, long = "dbus-service-name")]
-    /// well known name of the dbus service
-    dbus_name: Option<String>,
-
-    #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-    #[argh(option, long = "dbus-object-path")]
-    /// object path which the interface is being served at
-    dbus_path: Option<String>,
-
-    #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-    #[argh(switch, long = "dbus-system-bus")]
-    /// use the system bus instead of a session bus
-    dbus_system_bus: bool,
 }

 #[derive(FromArgs, PartialEq, Debug)]
@@ -945,56 +688,16 @@ fn main() {
    let toplevel: TopLevel = argh::from_env();

    if matches!(toplevel.command, SubCommandEnum::Version(_)) {
-        println!("{} {}", env!("CARGO_BIN_NAME"), env!("BUILD_VERSION"));
+        println!("{} {}", env!("CARGO_BIN_NAME"), env!("BUILT_VERSION"));
        return;
    }

-    let mut target_api = match (
-        &toplevel.api_socket,
-        #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-        &toplevel.dbus_name,
-        #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-        &toplevel.dbus_path,
-    ) {
-        #[cfg(not(feature = "dbus_api"))]
-        (Some(ref api_socket),) => TargetApi::HttpApi(
-            UnixStream::connect(api_socket).unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-                eprintln!("Error opening HTTP socket: {e}");
-                process::exit(1)
-            }),
-            PhantomData,
-        ),
-        #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-        (Some(ref api_socket), None, None) => TargetApi::HttpApi(
-            UnixStream::connect(api_socket).unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-                eprintln!("Error opening HTTP socket: {e}");
-                process::exit(1)
-            }),
-            PhantomData,
-        ),
-        #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-        (None, Some(ref dbus_name), Some(ref dbus_path)) => TargetApi::DBusApi(
-            DBusApi1ProxyBlocking::new_connection(dbus_name, dbus_path, toplevel.dbus_system_bus)
-                .map_err(Error::DBusApiClient)
-                .unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-                    eprintln!("Error creating D-Bus proxy: {e}");
-                    process::exit(1)
-                }),
-        ),
-        #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-        (Some(_), Some(_) | None, Some(_) | None) => {
-            println!(
-                "`api-socket` and (dbus-service-name or dbus-object-path) are mutually exclusive"
-            );
-            process::exit(1);
-        }
-        _ => {
-            println!("Please either provide the api-socket option or dbus-service-name and dbus-object-path options");
-            process::exit(1);
-        }
-    };
+    if toplevel.api_socket.is_none() {
+        println!("Please specify --api-socket");
+        process::exit(1)
+    }

-    if let Err(e) = target_api.do_command(&toplevel) {
+    if let Err(e) = do_command(&toplevel) {
        eprintln!("Error running command: {e}");
        process::exit(1)
    };
--- a/src/main.rs
+++ b/src/main.rs
@@ -18,8 +18,6 @@ use std::os::unix::io::{FromRawFd, RawFd};
 use std::sync::mpsc::channel;
 use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 use thiserror::Error;
-#[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-use vmm::api::dbus::{dbus_api_graceful_shutdown, DBusApiOptions};
 use vmm::config;
 use vmm_sys_util::eventfd::EventFd;
 use vmm_sys_util::signal::block_signal;
@@ -59,12 +57,6 @@ enum Error {
    ParsingApiSocket(std::num::ParseIntError),
    #[error("Error parsing --event-monitor: {0}")]
    ParsingEventMonitor(option_parser::OptionParserError),
-    #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-    #[error("`--dbus-object-path` option isn't provided")]
-    MissingDBusObjectPath,
-    #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-    #[error("`--dbus-service-name` option isn't provided")]
-    MissingDBusServiceName,
    #[error("Error parsing --event-monitor: path or fd required")]
    BareEventMonitor,
    #[error("Error doing event monitor I/O: {0}")]
@@ -146,19 +138,19 @@ fn default_rng() -> String {
 /// Launch a cloud-hypervisor VMM.
 pub struct TopLevel {
    #[argh(option, long = "cpus", default = "default_vcpus()")]
-    /// boot=<boot_vcpus>, max=<max_vcpus>, topology=<threads_per_core>:<cores_per_die>:<dies_per_package>:<packages>, kvm_hyperv=on|off, max_phys_bits=<maximum_number_of_physical_bits>, affinity=<list_of_vcpus_with_their_associated_cpuset>, features=<list_of_features_to_enable>
+    /// boot=<boot_vcpus>,max=<max_vcpus>,topology=<threads_per_core>:<cores_per_die>:<dies_per_package>:<packages>,kvm_hyperv=on|off,max_phys_bits=<maximum_number_of_physical_bits>,affinity=<list_of_vcpus_with_their_associated_cpuset>,features=<list_of_features_to_enable>
    cpus: String,

    #[argh(option, long = "platform")]
-    /// num_pci_segments=<num_pci_segments>, iommu_segments=<list_of_segments>, serial_number=<dmi_device_serial_number>, uuid=<dmi_device_uuid>, oem_strings=<list_of_strings>
+    /// num_pci_segments=<num_pci_segments>,iommu_segments=<list_of_segments>,serial_number=<dmi_device_serial_number>,uuid=<dmi_device_uuid>,oem_strings=<list_of_strings>
    platform: Option<String>,

    #[argh(option, long = "memory", default = "default_memory()")]
-    /// size=<guest_memory_size>, mergeable=on|off, shared=on|off, hugepages=on|off, hugepage_size=<hugepage_size>, hotplug_method=acpi|virtio-mem, hotplug_size=<hotpluggable_memory_size>, hotplugged_size=<hotplugged_memory_size>, prefault=on|off, thp=on|off
+    /// size=<guest_memory_size>,mergeable=on|off,shared=on|off,hugepages=on|off,hugepage_size=<hugepage_size>,hotplug_method=acpi|virtio-mem,hotplug_size=<hotpluggable_memory_size>,hotplugged_size=<hotplugged_memory_size>,prefault=on|off,thp=on|off
    memory: String,

    #[argh(option, long = "memory-zone")]
-    /// size=<guest_memory_region_size>, file=<backing_file>, shared=on|off, hugepages=on|off, hugepage_size=<hugepage_size>, host_numa_node=<node_id>, id=<zone_identifier>, hotplug_size=<hotpluggable_memory_size>, hotplugged_size=<hotplugged_memory_size>, prefault=on|off
+    /// size=<guest_memory_region_size>,file=<backing_file>,shared=on|off,hugepages=on|off,hugepage_size=<hugepage_size>,host_numa_node=<node_id>,id=<zone_identifier>,hotplug_size=<hotpluggable_memory_size>,hotplugged_size=<hotplugged_memory_size>,prefault=on|off
    memory_zone: Vec<String>,

    #[argh(option, long = "firmware")]
@@ -178,27 +170,27 @@ pub struct TopLevel {
    cmdline: Option<String>,

    #[argh(option, long = "disk")]
-    /// path=<disk_image_path>, readonly=on|off, direct=on|off, iommu=on|off, num_queues=<number_of_queues>, queue_size=<size_of_each_queue>, vhost_user=on|off, socket=<vhost_user_socket_path>, bw_size=<bytes>, bw_one_time_burst=<bytes>, bw_refill_time=<ms>, ops_size=<io_ops>, ops_one_time_burst=<io_ops>, ops_refill_time=<ms>, id=<device_id>, pci_segment=<segment_id>
+    /// path=<disk_image_path>,readonly=on|off,direct=on|off,iommu=on|off,num_queues=<number_of_queues>,queue_size=<size_of_each_queue>,vhost_user=on|off,socket=<vhost_user_socket_path>,bw_size=<bytes>,bw_one_time_burst=<bytes>,bw_refill_time=<ms>,ops_size=<io_ops>,ops_one_time_burst=<io_ops>,ops_refill_time=<ms>,id=<device_id>,pci_segment=<segment_id>
    disk: Vec<String>,

    #[argh(option, long = "net")]
-    /// tap=<if_name>, ip=<ip_addr>, mask=<net_mask>, mac=<mac_addr>, fd=<fd1,fd2...>, iommu=on|off, num_queues=<number_of_queues>, queue_size=<size_of_each_queue>, id=<device_id>, vhost_user=<vhost_user_enable>, socket=<vhost_user_socket_path>, vhost_mode=client|server, bw_size=<bytes>, bw_one_time_burst=<bytes>, bw_refill_time=<ms>, ops_size=<io_ops>, ops_one_time_burst=<io_ops>, ops_refill_time=<ms>, pci_segment=<segment_id>offload_tso=on|off, offload_ufo=on|off, offload_csum=on|off
+    /// tap=<if_name>,ip=<ip_addr>,mask=<net_mask>,mac=<mac_addr>,fd=<fd1,fd2...>,iommu=on|off,num_queues=<number_of_queues>,queue_size=<size_of_each_queue>,id=<device_id>,vhost_user=<vhost_user_enable>,socket=<vhost_user_socket_path>,vhost_mode=client|server,bw_size=<bytes>,bw_one_time_burst=<bytes>,bw_refill_time=<ms>,ops_size=<io_ops>,ops_one_time_burst=<io_ops>,ops_refill_time=<ms>,pci_segment=<segment_id>offload_tso=on|off,offload_ufo=on|off,offload_csum=on|off
    net: Vec<String>,

    #[argh(option, long = "rng", default = "default_rng()")]
-    /// src=<entropy_source_path>, iommu=on|off
+    /// src=<entropy_source_path>,iommu=on|off
    rng: String,

    #[argh(option, long = "balloon")]
-    /// size=<balloon_size>, deflate_on_oom=on|off, free_page_reporting=on|off
+    /// size=<balloon_size>,deflate_on_oom=on|off,free_page_reporting=on|off
    balloon: Option<String>,

    #[argh(option, long = "fs")]
-    /// tag=<tag_name>, socket=<socket_path>, num_queues=<number_of_queues>, queue_size=<size_of_each_queue>, id=<device_id>, pci_segment=<segment_id>
+    /// tag=<tag_name>,socket=<socket_path>,num_queues=<number_of_queues>,queue_size=<size_of_each_queue>,id=<device_id>,pci_segment=<segment_id>
    fs: Vec<String>,

    #[argh(option, long = "pmem")]
-    /// file=<backing_file_path>, size=<persistent_memory_size>, iommu=on|off, discard_writes=on|off, id=<device_id>, pci_segment=<segment_id>
+    /// file=<backing_file_path>,size=<persistent_memory_size>,iommu=on|off,discard_writes=on|off,id=<device_id>,pci_segment=<segment_id>
    pmem: Vec<String>,

    #[argh(option, long = "serial", default = "String::from(\"null\")")]
@@ -206,27 +198,27 @@ pub struct TopLevel {
    serial: String,

    #[argh(option, long = "console", default = "String::from(\"tty\")")]
-    /// off|null|pty|tty|file=/path/to/a/file, iommu=on|off
+    /// off|null|pty|tty|file=/path/to/a/file,iommu=on|off
    console: String,

    #[argh(option, long = "device")]
-    /// path=<device_path>, iommu=on|off, id=<device_id>, pci_segment=<segment_id>
+    /// path=<device_path>,iommu=on|off,id=<device_id>,pci_segment=<segment_id>
    device: Vec<String>,

    #[argh(option, long = "user-device")]
-    /// socket=<socket_path>, id=<device_id>, pci_segment=<segment_id>
+    /// socket=<socket_path>,id=<device_id>,pci_segment=<segment_id>
    user_device: Vec<String>,

    #[argh(option, long = "vdpa")]
-    /// path=<device_path>, num_queues=<number_of_queues>, iommu=on|off, id=<device_id>, pci_segment=<segment_id>
+    /// path=<device_path>,num_queues=<number_of_queues>,iommu=on|off,id=<device_id>,pci_segment=<segment_id>
    vdpa: Vec<String>,

    #[argh(option, long = "vsock")]
-    /// cid=<context_id>, socket=<socket_path>, iommu=on|off, id=<device_id>, pci_segment=<segment_id>
+    /// cid=<context_id>,socket=<socket_path>,iommu=on|off,id=<device_id>,pci_segment=<segment_id>
    vsock: Option<String>,

    #[argh(option, long = "numa")]
-    /// guest_numa_id=<node_id>, cpus=<cpus_id>, distances=<list_of_distances_to_destination_nodes>, memory_zones=<list_of_memory_zones>, sgx_epc_sections=<list_of_sgx_epc_sections>
+    /// guest_numa_id=<node_id>,cpus=<cpus_id>,distances=<list_of_distances_to_destination_nodes>,memory_zones=<list_of_memory_zones>,sgx_epc_sections=<list_of_sgx_epc_sections>
    numa: Vec<String>,

    #[argh(switch, long = "watchdog")]
@@ -245,27 +237,12 @@ pub struct TopLevel {
    /// path=<path/to/a/file>|fd=<fd>
    api_socket: Option<String>,

-    #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-    #[argh(option, long = "dbus-service-name")]
-    /// well known name of the service
-    dbus_name: Option<String>,
-
-    #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-    #[argh(option, long = "dbus-object-path")]
-    /// object path to serve the dbus interface
-    dbus_path: Option<String>,
-
-    #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-    #[argh(switch, long = "dbus-system-bus")]
-    /// use the system bus instead of a session bus
-    dbus_system_bus: bool,
-
    #[argh(option, long = "event-monitor")]
    /// path=<path/to/a/file>|fd=<fd>
    event_monitor: Option<String>,

    #[argh(option, long = "restore")]
-    /// source_url=<source_url>, prefault=on|off
+    /// source_url=<source_url>,prefault=on|off
    restore: Option<String>,

    #[argh(option, long = "seccomp", default = "String::from(\"true\")")]
@@ -278,7 +255,7 @@ pub struct TopLevel {

    #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
    #[argh(option, long = "sgx-epc")]
-    /// id=<epc_section_identifier>, size=<epc_section_size>, prefault=on|off
+    /// id=<epc_section_identifier>,size=<epc_section_size>,prefault=on|off
    sgx_epc: Vec<String>,

    #[cfg(feature = "guest_debug")]
@@ -439,18 +416,6 @@ fn start_vmm(toplevel: TopLevel) -> Result<Option<String>, Error> {
        (None, None)
    };

-    #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-    let dbus_options = match (&toplevel.dbus_name, &toplevel.dbus_path) {
-        (Some(ref name), Some(ref path)) => Ok(Some(DBusApiOptions {
-            service_name: name.to_owned(),
-            object_path: path.to_owned(),
-            system_bus: toplevel.dbus_system_bus,
-        })),
-        (Some(_), None) => Err(Error::MissingDBusObjectPath),
-        (None, Some(_)) => Err(Error::MissingDBusServiceName),
-        (None, None) => Ok(None),
-    }?;
-
    if let Some(ref monitor_config) = toplevel.event_monitor {
        let mut parser = OptionParser::new();
        parser.add("path").add("fd");
@@ -480,7 +445,7 @@ fn start_vmm(toplevel: TopLevel) -> Result<Option<String>, Error> {
    let (api_request_sender, api_request_receiver) = channel();
    let api_evt = EventFd::new(EFD_NONBLOCK).map_err(Error::CreateApiEventFd)?;

-    let api_request_sender_clone = api_request_sender.clone();
+    let http_sender = api_request_sender.clone();
    let seccomp_action = match &toplevel.seccomp as &str {
        "true" => SeccompAction::Trap,
        "false" => SeccompAction::Allow,
@@ -548,14 +513,12 @@ fn start_vmm(toplevel: TopLevel) -> Result<Option<String>, Error> {

    let exit_evt = EventFd::new(EFD_NONBLOCK).map_err(Error::CreateExitEventFd)?;

-    let vmm_thread_handle = vmm::start_vmm_thread(
-        vmm::VmmVersionInfo::new(env!("BUILD_VERSION"), env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION")),
+    let vmm_thread = vmm::start_vmm_thread(
+        env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION").to_string(),
        &api_socket_path,
        api_socket_fd,
-        #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-        dbus_options,
        api_evt.try_clone().unwrap(),
-        api_request_sender_clone,
+        http_sender,
        api_request_receiver,
        #[cfg(feature = "guest_debug")]
        gdb_socket_path,
@@ -605,17 +568,11 @@ fn start_vmm(toplevel: TopLevel) -> Result<Option<String>, Error> {
        }
    }

-    vmm_thread_handle
-        .thread_handle
+    vmm_thread
        .join()
        .map_err(Error::ThreadJoin)?
        .map_err(Error::VmmThread)?;

-    #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-    if let Some(chs) = vmm_thread_handle.dbus_shutdown_chs {
-        dbus_api_graceful_shutdown(chs);
-    }
-
    r.map(|_| api_socket_path)
 }

@@ -630,7 +587,7 @@ fn main() {
    let toplevel: TopLevel = argh::from_env();

    if toplevel.version {
-        println!("{} {}", env!("CARGO_BIN_NAME"), env!("BUILD_VERSION"));
+        println!("{} {}", env!("CARGO_BIN_NAME"), env!("BUILT_VERSION"));
        return;
    }

--- a/test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/local/meta-data
+++ b/test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/local/meta-data
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-instance-id: cloud
-local-hostname: cloud
--- a/test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/local/network-config
+++ b/test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/local/network-config
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-version: 2
-ethernets:
-  ens4:
-    match:
-       macaddress: 12:34:56:78:90:ab
-    addresses: [192.168.249.2/24]
-    gateway4: 192.168.249.1
--- a/test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/local/user-data
+++ b/test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/local/user-data
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-#cloud-config
-users:
-  - name: cloud
-    passwd: $6$7125787751a8d18a$sHwGySomUA1PawiNFWVCKYQN.Ec.Wzz0JtPPL1MvzFrkwmop2dq7.4CYf03A5oemPQ4pOFCCrtCelvFBEle/K.
-    sudo: ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
-    lock_passwd: False
-    inactive: False
-    shell: /bin/bash
-
-ssh_pwauth: True
--- a/test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/ci/meta-data
+++ b/test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/ci/meta-data
--- a/test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/ci/network-config
+++ b/test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/ci/network-config
--- a/test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/ci/user-data
+++ b/test_data/cloud-init/ubuntu/ci/user-data
--- a/test_infra/Cargo.toml
+++ b/test_infra/Cargo.toml
@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ authors = ["The Cloud Hypervisor Authors"]
 edition = "2021"

 [dependencies]
-dirs = "5.0.0"
+dirs = "4.0.0"
 epoll = "4.3.1"
 libc = "0.2.139"
 once_cell = "1.17.1"
-serde = { version = "1.0.164", features = ["rc", "derive"] }
-serde_json = "1.0.96"
+serde = { version = "1.0.151", features = ["rc", "derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0.95"
 ssh2 = { version = "0.9.4", features = ["vendored-openssl"] }
 vmm-sys-util = "0.11.0"
 wait-timeout = "0.2.0"
--- a/test_infra/src/lib.rs
+++ b/test_infra/src/lib.rs
@@ -249,8 +249,7 @@ impl DiskConfig for UbuntuDiskConfig {
            .unwrap()
            .join("test_data")
            .join("cloud-init")
-            .join("ubuntu")
-            .join("ci");
+            .join("ubuntu");

        vec!["meta-data"].iter().for_each(|x| {
            rate_limited_copy(source_file_dir.join(x), cloud_init_directory.join(x))
@@ -869,6 +868,14 @@ impl Guest {
            .map_err(Error::Parsing)
    }

+    #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+    pub fn get_initial_apicid(&self) -> Result<u32, Error> {
+        self.ssh_command("grep \"initial apicid\" /proc/cpuinfo | grep -o \"[0-9]*\"")?
+            .trim()
+            .parse()
+            .map_err(Error::Parsing)
+    }
+
    pub fn get_total_memory(&self) -> Result<u32, Error> {
        self.ssh_command("grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo | grep -o \"[0-9]*\"")?
            .trim()
--- a/tests/integration.rs
+++ b/tests/integration.rs
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@

 extern crate test_infra;

+use api_client::simple_api_command;
+use api_client::simple_api_full_command;
 use net_util::MacAddr;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::fs;
@@ -30,9 +32,6 @@ use test_infra::*;
 use vmm_sys_util::{tempdir::TempDir, tempfile::TempFile};
 use wait_timeout::ChildExt;

-// Constant taken from the VMM crate.
-const MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS: u16 = 96;
-
 #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
 mod x86_64 {
    pub const FOCAL_IMAGE_NAME: &str = "focal-server-cloudimg-amd64-custom-20210609-0.raw";
@@ -73,324 +72,6 @@ const DIRECT_KERNEL_BOOT_CMDLINE: &str =

 const CONSOLE_TEST_STRING: &str = "Started OpenBSD Secure Shell server";

-// This enum exists to make it more convenient to
-// implement test for both D-Bus and REST APIs.
-enum TargetApi {
-    // API socket
-    HttpApi(String),
-    // well known service name, object path
-    DBusApi(String, String),
-}
-
-impl TargetApi {
-    fn new_http_api(tmp_dir: &TempDir) -> Self {
-        Self::HttpApi(temp_api_path(tmp_dir))
-    }
-
-    fn new_dbus_api(tmp_dir: &TempDir) -> Self {
-        // `tmp_dir` is in the form of "/tmp/chXXXXXX"
-        // and we take the `chXXXXXX` part as a unique identifier for the guest
-        let id = tmp_dir.as_path().file_name().unwrap().to_str().unwrap();
-
-        Self::DBusApi(
-            format!("org.cloudhypervisor.{id}"),
-            format!("/org/cloudhypervisor/{id}"),
-        )
-    }
-
-    fn guest_args(&self) -> Vec<&str> {
-        match self {
-            TargetApi::HttpApi(api_socket) => {
-                vec!["--api-socket", api_socket.as_str()]
-            }
-            TargetApi::DBusApi(service_name, object_path) => {
-                vec![
-                    "--dbus-service-name",
-                    service_name.as_str(),
-                    "--dbus-object-path",
-                    object_path.as_str(),
-                ]
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn remote_args(&self) -> Vec<&str> {
-        // `guest_args` and `remote_args` are consistent with each other
-        self.guest_args()
-    }
-
-    fn remote_command(&self, command: &str, arg: Option<&str>) -> bool {
-        let mut cmd = Command::new(clh_command("ch-remote"));
-        cmd.args(self.remote_args());
-        cmd.arg(command);
-
-        if let Some(arg) = arg {
-            cmd.arg(arg);
-        }
-
-        let output = cmd.output().unwrap();
-        if output.status.success() {
-            true
-        } else {
-            eprintln!("Error running ch-remote command: {:?}", &cmd);
-            let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
-            eprintln!("stderr: {stderr}");
-            false
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-// Start cloud-hypervisor with no VM parameters, only the API server running.
-// From the API: Create a VM, boot it and check that it looks as expected.
-fn _test_api_create_boot(target_api: TargetApi, guest: Guest) {
-    let mut child = GuestCommand::new(&guest)
-        .args(target_api.guest_args())
-        .capture_output()
-        .spawn()
-        .unwrap();
-
-    thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(1, 0));
-
-    // Verify API server is running
-    assert!(target_api.remote_command("ping", None));
-
-    // Create the VM first
-    let cpu_count: u8 = 4;
-    let request_body = guest.api_create_body(
-        cpu_count,
-        direct_kernel_boot_path().to_str().unwrap(),
-        DIRECT_KERNEL_BOOT_CMDLINE,
-    );
-
-    let temp_config_path = guest.tmp_dir.as_path().join("config");
-    std::fs::write(&temp_config_path, request_body).unwrap();
-    let create_config = temp_config_path.as_os_str().to_str().unwrap();
-
-    assert!(target_api.remote_command("create", Some(create_config),));
-
-    // Then boot it
-    assert!(target_api.remote_command("boot", None));
-    thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(20, 0));
-
-    let r = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
-        // Check that the VM booted as expected
-        assert_eq!(guest.get_cpu_count().unwrap_or_default() as u8, cpu_count);
-        assert!(guest.get_total_memory().unwrap_or_default() > 480_000);
-    });
-
-    let _ = child.kill();
-    let output = child.wait_with_output().unwrap();
-
-    handle_child_output(r, &output);
-}
-
-// Start cloud-hypervisor with no VM parameters, only the API server running.
-// From the API: Create a VM, boot it and check it can be shutdown and then
-// booted again
-fn _test_api_shutdown(target_api: TargetApi, guest: Guest) {
-    let mut child = GuestCommand::new(&guest)
-        .args(target_api.guest_args())
-        .capture_output()
-        .spawn()
-        .unwrap();
-
-    thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(1, 0));
-
-    // Verify API server is running
-    assert!(target_api.remote_command("ping", None));
-
-    // Create the VM first
-    let cpu_count: u8 = 4;
-    let request_body = guest.api_create_body(
-        cpu_count,
-        direct_kernel_boot_path().to_str().unwrap(),
-        DIRECT_KERNEL_BOOT_CMDLINE,
-    );
-
-    let temp_config_path = guest.tmp_dir.as_path().join("config");
-    std::fs::write(&temp_config_path, request_body).unwrap();
-    let create_config = temp_config_path.as_os_str().to_str().unwrap();
-
-    let r = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
-        assert!(target_api.remote_command("create", Some(create_config)));
-
-        // Then boot it
-        assert!(target_api.remote_command("boot", None));
-
-        guest.wait_vm_boot(None).unwrap();
-
-        // Check that the VM booted as expected
-        assert_eq!(guest.get_cpu_count().unwrap_or_default() as u8, cpu_count);
-        assert!(guest.get_total_memory().unwrap_or_default() > 480_000);
-
-        // Sync and shutdown without powering off to prevent filesystem
-        // corruption.
-        guest.ssh_command("sync").unwrap();
-        guest.ssh_command("sudo shutdown -H now").unwrap();
-
-        // Wait for the guest to be fully shutdown
-        thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(20, 0));
-
-        // Then shut it down
-        assert!(target_api.remote_command("shutdown", None));
-
-        // Then boot it again
-        assert!(target_api.remote_command("boot", None));
-
-        guest.wait_vm_boot(None).unwrap();
-
-        // Check that the VM booted as expected
-        assert_eq!(guest.get_cpu_count().unwrap_or_default() as u8, cpu_count);
-        assert!(guest.get_total_memory().unwrap_or_default() > 480_000);
-    });
-
-    let _ = child.kill();
-    let output = child.wait_with_output().unwrap();
-
-    handle_child_output(r, &output);
-}
-
-// Start cloud-hypervisor with no VM parameters, only the API server running.
-// From the API: Create a VM, boot it and check it can be deleted and then recreated
-// booted again.
-fn _test_api_delete(target_api: TargetApi, guest: Guest) {
-    let mut child = GuestCommand::new(&guest)
-        .args(target_api.guest_args())
-        .capture_output()
-        .spawn()
-        .unwrap();
-
-    thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(1, 0));
-
-    // Verify API server is running
-    assert!(target_api.remote_command("ping", None));
-
-    // Create the VM first
-    let cpu_count: u8 = 4;
-    let request_body = guest.api_create_body(
-        cpu_count,
-        direct_kernel_boot_path().to_str().unwrap(),
-        DIRECT_KERNEL_BOOT_CMDLINE,
-    );
-    let temp_config_path = guest.tmp_dir.as_path().join("config");
-    std::fs::write(&temp_config_path, request_body).unwrap();
-    let create_config = temp_config_path.as_os_str().to_str().unwrap();
-
-    let r = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
-        assert!(target_api.remote_command("create", Some(create_config)));
-
-        // Then boot it
-        assert!(target_api.remote_command("boot", None));
-
-        guest.wait_vm_boot(None).unwrap();
-
-        // Check that the VM booted as expected
-        assert_eq!(guest.get_cpu_count().unwrap_or_default() as u8, cpu_count);
-        assert!(guest.get_total_memory().unwrap_or_default() > 480_000);
-
-        // Sync and shutdown without powering off to prevent filesystem
-        // corruption.
-        guest.ssh_command("sync").unwrap();
-        guest.ssh_command("sudo shutdown -H now").unwrap();
-
-        // Wait for the guest to be fully shutdown
-        thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(20, 0));
-
-        // Then delete it
-        assert!(target_api.remote_command("delete", None));
-
-        assert!(target_api.remote_command("create", Some(create_config)));
-
-        // Then boot it again
-        assert!(target_api.remote_command("boot", None));
-
-        guest.wait_vm_boot(None).unwrap();
-
-        // Check that the VM booted as expected
-        assert_eq!(guest.get_cpu_count().unwrap_or_default() as u8, cpu_count);
-        assert!(guest.get_total_memory().unwrap_or_default() > 480_000);
-    });
-
-    let _ = child.kill();
-    let output = child.wait_with_output().unwrap();
-
-    handle_child_output(r, &output);
-}
-
-// Start cloud-hypervisor with no VM parameters, only the API server running.
-// From the API: Create a VM, boot it and check that it looks as expected.
-// Then we pause the VM, check that it's no longer available.
-// Finally we resume the VM and check that it's available.
-fn _test_api_pause_resume(target_api: TargetApi, guest: Guest) {
-    let mut child = GuestCommand::new(&guest)
-        .args(target_api.guest_args())
-        .capture_output()
-        .spawn()
-        .unwrap();
-
-    thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(1, 0));
-
-    // Verify API server is running
-    assert!(target_api.remote_command("ping", None));
-
-    // Create the VM first
-    let cpu_count: u8 = 4;
-    let request_body = guest.api_create_body(
-        cpu_count,
-        direct_kernel_boot_path().to_str().unwrap(),
-        DIRECT_KERNEL_BOOT_CMDLINE,
-    );
-
-    let temp_config_path = guest.tmp_dir.as_path().join("config");
-    std::fs::write(&temp_config_path, request_body).unwrap();
-    let create_config = temp_config_path.as_os_str().to_str().unwrap();
-
-    assert!(target_api.remote_command("create", Some(create_config)));
-
-    // Then boot it
-    assert!(target_api.remote_command("boot", None));
-    thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(20, 0));
-
-    let r = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
-        // Check that the VM booted as expected
-        assert_eq!(guest.get_cpu_count().unwrap_or_default() as u8, cpu_count);
-        assert!(guest.get_total_memory().unwrap_or_default() > 480_000);
-
-        // We now pause the VM
-        assert!(target_api.remote_command("pause", None));
-
-        // Check pausing again fails
-        assert!(!target_api.remote_command("pause", None));
-
-        thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(2, 0));
-
-        // SSH into the VM should fail
-        assert!(ssh_command_ip(
-            "grep -c processor /proc/cpuinfo",
-            &guest.network.guest_ip,
-            2,
-            5
-        )
-        .is_err());
-
-        // Resume the VM
-        assert!(target_api.remote_command("resume", None));
-
-        // Check resuming again fails
-        assert!(!target_api.remote_command("resume", None));
-
-        thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(2, 0));
-
-        // Now we should be able to SSH back in and get the right number of CPUs
-        assert_eq!(guest.get_cpu_count().unwrap_or_default() as u8, cpu_count);
-    });
-
-    let _ = child.kill();
-    let output = child.wait_with_output().unwrap();
-
-    handle_child_output(r, &output);
-}
-
 fn prepare_virtiofsd(tmp_dir: &TempDir, shared_dir: &str) -> (std::process::Child, String) {
    let mut workload_path = dirs::home_dir().unwrap();
    workload_path.push("workloads");
@@ -1525,10 +1206,7 @@ fn _test_virtio_fs(
        .default_net()
        .args(["--api-socket", &api_socket]);
    if pci_segment.is_some() {
-        guest_command.args([
-            "--platform",
-            &format!("num_pci_segments={MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS}"),
-        ]);
+        guest_command.args(["--platform", "num_pci_segments=16"]);
    }

    let fs_params = format!(
@@ -2226,7 +1904,7 @@ fn enable_guest_watchdog(guest: &Guest, watchdog_sec: u32) {
 }

 mod common_parallel {
-    use std::{fs::OpenOptions, io::SeekFrom};
+    use std::{fs::OpenOptions, io::SeekFrom, os::unix::net::UnixStream};

    use crate::*;

@@ -2264,6 +1942,7 @@ mod common_parallel {
            guest.wait_vm_boot(Some(120)).unwrap();

            assert_eq!(guest.get_cpu_count().unwrap_or_default(), 1);
+            assert_eq!(guest.get_initial_apicid().unwrap_or(1), 0);
            assert!(guest.get_total_memory().unwrap_or_default() > 480_000);
            assert_eq!(guest.get_pci_bridge_class().unwrap_or_default(), "0x060000");

@@ -2637,10 +2316,7 @@ mod common_parallel {
            .args(["--memory", "size=512M"])
            .args(["--kernel", direct_kernel_boot_path().to_str().unwrap()])
            .args(["--cmdline", DIRECT_KERNEL_BOOT_CMDLINE])
-            .args([
-                "--platform",
-                &format!("num_pci_segments={MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS},iommu_segments=[1]"),
-            ])
+            .args(["--platform", "num_pci_segments=16,iommu_segments=[1]"])
            .default_disks()
            .capture_output()
            .default_net();
@@ -2796,10 +2472,7 @@ mod common_parallel {
            .args(["--memory", "size=512M"])
            .args(["--kernel", direct_kernel_boot_path().to_str().unwrap()])
            .args(["--cmdline", DIRECT_KERNEL_BOOT_CMDLINE])
-            .args([
-                "--platform",
-                &format!("num_pci_segments={MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS}"),
-            ])
+            .args(["--platform", "num_pci_segments=16"])
            .args([
                "--disk",
                format!(
@@ -2826,15 +2499,15 @@ mod common_parallel {
        let grep_cmd = "lspci | grep \"Host bridge\" | wc -l";

        let r = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
-            // There should be MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS PCI host bridges in the guest.
+            // There should be 16 PCI host bridges in the guest.
            assert_eq!(
                guest
                    .ssh_command(grep_cmd)
                    .unwrap()
                    .trim()
-                    .parse::<u16>()
+                    .parse::<u32>()
                    .unwrap_or_default(),
-                MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS
+                16
            );

            // Check both if /dev/vdc exists and if the block size is 4M.
@@ -4295,7 +3968,7 @@ mod common_parallel {
                .ssh_command_l1(
                    "sudo /mnt/ch-remote \
                 --api-socket /tmp/ch_api.sock \
-                 resize --memory 1073741824",
+                 resize --memory=1073741824",
                )
                .unwrap();
            assert!(guest.get_total_memory_l2().unwrap_or_default() > 960_000);
@@ -4354,35 +4027,279 @@ mod common_parallel {
    }

    #[test]
-    fn test_api_http_shutdown() {
+    // Start cloud-hypervisor with no VM parameters, only the API server running.
+    // From the API: Create a VM, boot it and check that it looks as expected.
+    fn test_api_create_boot() {
        let focal = UbuntuDiskConfig::new(FOCAL_IMAGE_NAME.to_string());
        let guest = Guest::new(Box::new(focal));

-        _test_api_shutdown(TargetApi::new_http_api(&guest.tmp_dir), guest)
+        let api_socket = temp_api_path(&guest.tmp_dir);
+
+        let mut child = GuestCommand::new(&guest)
+            .args(["--api-socket", &api_socket])
+            .capture_output()
+            .spawn()
+            .unwrap();
+
+        thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(1, 0));
+
+        let mut socket = UnixStream::connect(&api_socket).unwrap();
+        // Verify API server is running
+        simple_api_full_command(&mut socket, "GET", "vmm.ping", None).unwrap();
+
+        // Create the VM first
+        let cpu_count: u8 = 4;
+        let http_body = guest.api_create_body(
+            cpu_count,
+            direct_kernel_boot_path().to_str().unwrap(),
+            DIRECT_KERNEL_BOOT_CMDLINE,
+        );
+
+        let temp_config_path = guest.tmp_dir.as_path().join("config");
+        std::fs::write(&temp_config_path, http_body).unwrap();
+
+        remote_command(
+            &api_socket,
+            "create",
+            Some(temp_config_path.as_os_str().to_str().unwrap()),
+        );
+
+        // Then boot it
+        remote_command(&api_socket, "boot", None);
+        thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(20, 0));
+
+        let r = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
+            // Check that the VM booted as expected
+            assert_eq!(guest.get_cpu_count().unwrap_or_default() as u8, cpu_count);
+            assert!(guest.get_total_memory().unwrap_or_default() > 480_000);
+        });
+
+        let _ = child.kill();
+        let output = child.wait_with_output().unwrap();
+
+        handle_child_output(r, &output);
    }

    #[test]
-    fn test_api_http_delete() {
+    // Start cloud-hypervisor with no VM parameters, only the API server running.
+    // From the API: Create a VM, boot it and check it can be shutdown and then
+    // booted again
+    fn test_api_shutdown() {
        let focal = UbuntuDiskConfig::new(FOCAL_IMAGE_NAME.to_string());
        let guest = Guest::new(Box::new(focal));

-        _test_api_delete(TargetApi::new_http_api(&guest.tmp_dir), guest);
+        let api_socket = temp_api_path(&guest.tmp_dir);
+
+        let mut child = GuestCommand::new(&guest)
+            .args(["--api-socket", &api_socket])
+            .capture_output()
+            .spawn()
+            .unwrap();
+
+        thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(1, 0));
+
+        let mut socket = UnixStream::connect(&api_socket).unwrap();
+        // Verify API server is running
+        simple_api_full_command(&mut socket, "GET", "vmm.ping", None).unwrap();
+
+        // Create the VM first
+        let cpu_count: u8 = 4;
+        let http_body = guest.api_create_body(
+            cpu_count,
+            direct_kernel_boot_path().to_str().unwrap(),
+            DIRECT_KERNEL_BOOT_CMDLINE,
+        );
+
+        let r = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
+            // socket has to be created again inside catch_unwind block to avoid errors
+            let mut socket = UnixStream::connect(&api_socket).unwrap();
+            simple_api_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "create", Some(&http_body)).unwrap();
+
+            // Then boot it
+            simple_api_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "boot", None).unwrap();
+
+            guest.wait_vm_boot(None).unwrap();
+
+            // Check that the VM booted as expected
+            assert_eq!(guest.get_cpu_count().unwrap_or_default() as u8, cpu_count);
+            assert!(guest.get_total_memory().unwrap_or_default() > 480_000);
+
+            // Sync and shutdown without powering off to prevent filesystem
+            // corruption.
+            guest.ssh_command("sync").unwrap();
+            guest.ssh_command("sudo shutdown -H now").unwrap();
+
+            // Wait for the guest to be fully shutdown
+            thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(20, 0));
+
+            // Then shut it down
+            simple_api_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "shutdown", None).unwrap();
+
+            // Then boot it again
+            simple_api_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "boot", None).unwrap();
+
+            guest.wait_vm_boot(None).unwrap();
+
+            // Check that the VM booted as expected
+            assert_eq!(guest.get_cpu_count().unwrap_or_default() as u8, cpu_count);
+            assert!(guest.get_total_memory().unwrap_or_default() > 480_000);
+        });
+
+        let _ = child.kill();
+        let output = child.wait_with_output().unwrap();
+
+        handle_child_output(r, &output);
    }

    #[test]
-    fn test_api_http_pause_resume() {
+    // Start cloud-hypervisor with no VM parameters, only the API server running.
+    // From the API: Create a VM, boot it and check it can be deleted and then recreated
+    // booted again.
+    fn test_api_delete() {
        let focal = UbuntuDiskConfig::new(FOCAL_IMAGE_NAME.to_string());
        let guest = Guest::new(Box::new(focal));

-        _test_api_pause_resume(TargetApi::new_http_api(&guest.tmp_dir), guest)
+        let api_socket = temp_api_path(&guest.tmp_dir);
+
+        let mut child = GuestCommand::new(&guest)
+            .args(["--api-socket", &api_socket])
+            .capture_output()
+            .spawn()
+            .unwrap();
+
+        thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(1, 0));
+
+        let mut socket = UnixStream::connect(&api_socket).unwrap();
+        // Verify API server is running
+        simple_api_full_command(&mut socket, "GET", "vmm.ping", None).unwrap();
+
+        // Create the VM first
+        let cpu_count: u8 = 4;
+        let http_body = guest.api_create_body(
+            cpu_count,
+            direct_kernel_boot_path().to_str().unwrap(),
+            DIRECT_KERNEL_BOOT_CMDLINE,
+        );
+
+        let r = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
+            // socket has to be created again inside catch_unwind block to avoid errors
+            let mut socket = UnixStream::connect(&api_socket).unwrap();
+            simple_api_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "create", Some(&http_body)).unwrap();
+
+            // Then boot it
+            simple_api_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "boot", None).unwrap();
+
+            guest.wait_vm_boot(None).unwrap();
+
+            // Check that the VM booted as expected
+            assert_eq!(guest.get_cpu_count().unwrap_or_default() as u8, cpu_count);
+            assert!(guest.get_total_memory().unwrap_or_default() > 480_000);
+
+            // Sync and shutdown without powering off to prevent filesystem
+            // corruption.
+            guest.ssh_command("sync").unwrap();
+            guest.ssh_command("sudo shutdown -H now").unwrap();
+
+            // Wait for the guest to be fully shutdown
+            thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(20, 0));
+
+            // Then delete it
+            simple_api_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "delete", None).unwrap();
+
+            simple_api_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "create", Some(&http_body)).unwrap();
+
+            // Then boot it again
+            simple_api_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "boot", None).unwrap();
+
+            guest.wait_vm_boot(None).unwrap();
+
+            // Check that the VM booted as expected
+            assert_eq!(guest.get_cpu_count().unwrap_or_default() as u8, cpu_count);
+            assert!(guest.get_total_memory().unwrap_or_default() > 480_000);
+        });
+
+        let _ = child.kill();
+        let output = child.wait_with_output().unwrap();
+
+        handle_child_output(r, &output);
    }

    #[test]
-    fn test_api_http_create_boot() {
+    // Start cloud-hypervisor with no VM parameters, only the API server running.
+    // From the API: Create a VM, boot it and check that it looks as expected.
+    // Then we pause the VM, check that it's no longer available.
+    // Finally we resume the VM and check that it's available.
+    fn test_api_pause_resume() {
        let focal = UbuntuDiskConfig::new(FOCAL_IMAGE_NAME.to_string());
        let guest = Guest::new(Box::new(focal));

-        _test_api_create_boot(TargetApi::new_http_api(&guest.tmp_dir), guest)
+        let api_socket = temp_api_path(&guest.tmp_dir);
+
+        let mut child = GuestCommand::new(&guest)
+            .args(["--api-socket", &api_socket])
+            .capture_output()
+            .spawn()
+            .unwrap();
+
+        thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(1, 0));
+
+        let mut socket = UnixStream::connect(&api_socket).unwrap();
+        // Verify API server is running
+        simple_api_full_command(&mut socket, "GET", "vmm.ping", None).unwrap();
+
+        // Create the VM first
+        let cpu_count: u8 = 4;
+        let http_body = guest.api_create_body(
+            cpu_count,
+            direct_kernel_boot_path().to_str().unwrap(),
+            DIRECT_KERNEL_BOOT_CMDLINE,
+        );
+
+        simple_api_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "create", Some(&http_body)).unwrap();
+
+        // Then boot it
+        simple_api_command(&mut socket, "PUT", "boot", None).unwrap();
+
+        thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(20, 0));
+
+        let r = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
+            // Check that the VM booted as expected
+            assert_eq!(guest.get_cpu_count().unwrap_or_default() as u8, cpu_count);
+            assert!(guest.get_total_memory().unwrap_or_default() > 480_000);
+
+            // We now pause the VM
+            assert!(remote_command(&api_socket, "pause", None));
+
+            // Check pausing again fails
+            assert!(!remote_command(&api_socket, "pause", None));
+
+            thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(2, 0));
+
+            // SSH into the VM should fail
+            assert!(ssh_command_ip(
+                "grep -c processor /proc/cpuinfo",
+                &guest.network.guest_ip,
+                2,
+                5
+            )
+            .is_err());
+
+            // Resume the VM
+            assert!(remote_command(&api_socket, "resume", None));
+
+            // Check resuming again fails
+            assert!(!remote_command(&api_socket, "resume", None));
+
+            thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(2, 0));
+
+            // Now we should be able to SSH back in and get the right number of CPUs
+            assert_eq!(guest.get_cpu_count().unwrap_or_default() as u8, cpu_count);
+        });
+
+        let _ = child.kill();
+        let output = child.wait_with_output().unwrap();
+
+        handle_child_output(r, &output);
    }

    #[test]
@@ -4996,6 +4913,7 @@ mod common_parallel {
        handle_child_output(r, &output);
    }

+    #[allow(clippy::useless_conversion)]
    fn create_loop_device(backing_file_path: &str, block_size: u32, num_retries: usize) -> String {
        const LOOP_CONFIGURE: u64 = 0x4c0a;
        const LOOP_CTL_GET_FREE: u64 = 0x4c82;
@@ -5056,9 +4974,12 @@ mod common_parallel {
            .unwrap();

        // Request a free loop device
-        let loop_device_number =
-            unsafe { libc::ioctl(loop_ctl_file.as_raw_fd(), LOOP_CTL_GET_FREE as _) };
-
+        let loop_device_number = unsafe {
+            libc::ioctl(
+                loop_ctl_file.as_raw_fd(),
+                LOOP_CTL_GET_FREE.try_into().unwrap(),
+            )
+        };
        if loop_device_number < 0 {
            panic!("Couldn't find a free loop device");
        }
@@ -5090,7 +5011,7 @@ mod common_parallel {
            let ret = unsafe {
                libc::ioctl(
                    loop_device_file.as_raw_fd(),
-                    LOOP_CONFIGURE as _,
+                    LOOP_CONFIGURE.try_into().unwrap(),
                    &loop_config,
                )
            };
@@ -5375,10 +5296,7 @@ mod common_parallel {
            .capture_output();

        if pci_segment.is_some() {
-            cmd.args([
-                "--platform",
-                &format!("num_pci_segments={MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS}"),
-            ]);
+            cmd.args(["--platform", "num_pci_segments=16"]);
        }

        let mut child = cmd.spawn().unwrap();
@@ -5514,10 +5432,7 @@ mod common_parallel {
            .capture_output();

        if pci_segment.is_some() {
-            cmd.args([
-                "--platform",
-                &format!("num_pci_segments={MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS}"),
-            ]);
+            cmd.args(["--platform", "num_pci_segments=16"]);
        }

        let mut child = cmd.spawn().unwrap();
@@ -6345,13 +6260,11 @@ mod common_parallel {
    }

    #[test]
-    #[cfg_attr(target_arch = "aarch64", ignore = "See #5443")]
    fn test_macvtap() {
        _test_macvtap(false, "guestmacvtap0", "hostmacvtap0")
    }

    #[test]
-    #[cfg_attr(target_arch = "aarch64", ignore = "See #5443")]
    fn test_macvtap_hotplug() {
        _test_macvtap(true, "guestmacvtap1", "hostmacvtap1")
    }
@@ -6861,116 +6774,6 @@ mod common_parallel {
    }
 }

-mod dbus_api {
-    use crate::*;
-
-    // Start cloud-hypervisor with no VM parameters, running both the HTTP
-    // and DBus APIs. Alternate calls to the external APIs (HTTP and DBus)
-    // to create a VM, boot it, and verify that it can be shut down and then
-    // booted again.
-    #[test]
-    fn test_api_dbus_and_http_interleaved() {
-        let focal = UbuntuDiskConfig::new(FOCAL_IMAGE_NAME.to_string());
-        let guest = Guest::new(Box::new(focal));
-        let dbus_api = TargetApi::new_dbus_api(&guest.tmp_dir);
-        let http_api = TargetApi::new_http_api(&guest.tmp_dir);
-
-        let mut child = GuestCommand::new(&guest)
-            .args(dbus_api.guest_args())
-            .args(http_api.guest_args())
-            .capture_output()
-            .spawn()
-            .unwrap();
-
-        thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(1, 0));
-
-        // Verify API servers are running
-        assert!(dbus_api.remote_command("ping", None));
-        assert!(http_api.remote_command("ping", None));
-
-        // Create the VM first
-        let cpu_count: u8 = 4;
-        let request_body = guest.api_create_body(
-            cpu_count,
-            direct_kernel_boot_path().to_str().unwrap(),
-            DIRECT_KERNEL_BOOT_CMDLINE,
-        );
-
-        let temp_config_path = guest.tmp_dir.as_path().join("config");
-        std::fs::write(&temp_config_path, request_body).unwrap();
-        let create_config = temp_config_path.as_os_str().to_str().unwrap();
-
-        let r = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
-            // Create the VM
-            assert!(dbus_api.remote_command("create", Some(create_config),));
-
-            // Then boot it
-            assert!(http_api.remote_command("boot", None));
-            guest.wait_vm_boot(None).unwrap();
-
-            // Check that the VM booted as expected
-            assert_eq!(guest.get_cpu_count().unwrap_or_default() as u8, cpu_count);
-            assert!(guest.get_total_memory().unwrap_or_default() > 480_000);
-
-            // Sync and shutdown without powering off to prevent filesystem
-            // corruption.
-            guest.ssh_command("sync").unwrap();
-            guest.ssh_command("sudo shutdown -H now").unwrap();
-
-            // Wait for the guest to be fully shutdown
-            thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::new(20, 0));
-
-            // Then shutdown the VM
-            assert!(dbus_api.remote_command("shutdown", None));
-
-            // Then boot it again
-            assert!(http_api.remote_command("boot", None));
-            guest.wait_vm_boot(None).unwrap();
-
-            // Check that the VM booted as expected
-            assert_eq!(guest.get_cpu_count().unwrap_or_default() as u8, cpu_count);
-            assert!(guest.get_total_memory().unwrap_or_default() > 480_000);
-        });
-
-        let _ = child.kill();
-        let output = child.wait_with_output().unwrap();
-
-        handle_child_output(r, &output);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_api_dbus_create_boot() {
-        let focal = UbuntuDiskConfig::new(FOCAL_IMAGE_NAME.to_string());
-        let guest = Guest::new(Box::new(focal));
-
-        _test_api_create_boot(TargetApi::new_dbus_api(&guest.tmp_dir), guest)
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_api_dbus_shutdown() {
-        let focal = UbuntuDiskConfig::new(FOCAL_IMAGE_NAME.to_string());
-        let guest = Guest::new(Box::new(focal));
-
-        _test_api_shutdown(TargetApi::new_dbus_api(&guest.tmp_dir), guest)
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_api_dbus_delete() {
-        let focal = UbuntuDiskConfig::new(FOCAL_IMAGE_NAME.to_string());
-        let guest = Guest::new(Box::new(focal));
-
-        _test_api_delete(TargetApi::new_dbus_api(&guest.tmp_dir), guest);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_api_dbus_pause_resume() {
-        let focal = UbuntuDiskConfig::new(FOCAL_IMAGE_NAME.to_string());
-        let guest = Guest::new(Box::new(focal));
-
-        _test_api_pause_resume(TargetApi::new_dbus_api(&guest.tmp_dir), guest)
-    }
-}
-
 mod common_sequential {
    #[cfg(not(feature = "mshv"))]
    use crate::*;
@@ -8282,7 +8085,7 @@ mod vfio {
                .ssh_command_l1(
                    "sudo /mnt/ch-remote \
                 --api-socket /tmp/ch_api.sock \
-                 resize --memory 1073741824",
+                 resize --memory=1073741824",
                )
                .unwrap();
            assert!(guest.get_total_memory_l2().unwrap_or_default() > 960_000);
--- a/tracer/Cargo.toml
+++ b/tracer/Cargo.toml
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ edition = "2021"
 libc = "0.2.139"
 log = "0.4.17"
 once_cell = "1.17.1"
-serde = { version = "1.0.164", features = ["rc", "derive"] }
-serde_json = "1.0.96"
+serde = { version = "1.0.151", features = ["rc", "derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0.95"

 [features]
 tracing = []
--- a/vhdx/Cargo.toml
+++ b/vhdx/Cargo.toml
@@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ crc32c = "0.6.3"
 libc = "0.2.139"
 log = "0.4.17"
 remain = "0.2.6"
-thiserror = "1.0.40"
-uuid = { version = "1.3.4", features = ["v4"] }
+thiserror = "1.0.39"
+uuid = { version = "1.3.0", features = ["v4"] }
--- a/vhost_user_block/Cargo.toml
+++ b/vhost_user_block/Cargo.toml
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ libc = "0.2.139"
 log = "0.4.17"
 option_parser = { path = "../option_parser" }
 qcow = { path = "../qcow" }
-vhost = { version = "0.7.0", features = ["vhost-user-slave"] }
-vhost-user-backend = "0.9.0"
+vhost = { version = "0.6.0", features = ["vhost-user-slave"] }
+vhost-user-backend = "0.8.0"
 virtio-bindings = "0.2.0"
-virtio-queue = "0.8.0"
-vm-memory = "0.11.0"
+virtio-queue = "0.7.1"
+vm-memory = "0.10.0"
 vmm-sys-util = "0.11.0"

--- a/vhost_user_block/src/main.rs
+++ b/vhost_user_block/src/main.rs
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ fn main() {
    let toplevel: TopLevel = argh::from_env();

    if toplevel.version {
-        println!("{} {}", env!("CARGO_BIN_NAME"), env!("BUILD_VERSION"));
+        println!("{} {}", env!("CARGO_BIN_NAME"), env!("BUILT_VERSION"));
        return;
    }

--- a/vhost_user_net/Cargo.toml
+++ b/vhost_user_net/Cargo.toml
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ libc = "0.2.139"
 log = "0.4.17"
 net_util = { path = "../net_util" }
 option_parser = { path = "../option_parser" }
-vhost = { version = "0.7.0", features = ["vhost-user-slave"] }
-vhost-user-backend = "0.9.0"
+vhost = { version = "0.6.0", features = ["vhost-user-slave"] }
+vhost-user-backend = "0.8.0"
 virtio-bindings = "0.2.0"
-vm-memory = "0.11.0"
+vm-memory = "0.10.0"
 vmm-sys-util = "0.11.0"

--- a/vhost_user_net/src/main.rs
+++ b/vhost_user_net/src/main.rs
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ fn main() {
    let toplevel: TopLevel = argh::from_env();

    if toplevel.version {
-        println!("{} {}", env!("CARGO_BIN_NAME"), env!("BUILD_VERSION"));
+        println!("{} {}", env!("CARGO_BIN_NAME"), env!("BUILT_VERSION"));
        return;
    }

--- a/virtio-devices/Cargo.toml
+++ b/virtio-devices/Cargo.toml
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ edition = "2021"
 default = []

 [dependencies]
-anyhow = "1.0.71"
+anyhow = "1.0.69"
 arc-swap = "1.5.1"
 block_util = { path = "../block_util" }
 byteorder = "1.4.3"
@@ -22,18 +22,18 @@ net_util = { path = "../net_util" }
 pci = { path = "../pci" }
 rate_limiter = { path = "../rate_limiter" }
 seccompiler = "0.3.0"
-serde = { version = "1.0.164", features = ["derive"] }
-serde_json = "1.0.96"
+serde = { version = "1.0.151", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0.95"
 serial_buffer = { path = "../serial_buffer" }
-thiserror = "1.0.40"
+thiserror = "1.0.39"
 versionize = "0.1.10"
 versionize_derive = "0.1.4"
-vhost = { version = "0.7.0", features = ["vhost-user-master", "vhost-user-slave", "vhost-kern", "vhost-vdpa"] }
+vhost = { version = "0.6.0", features = ["vhost-user-master", "vhost-user-slave", "vhost-kern", "vhost-vdpa"] }
 virtio-bindings = { version = "0.2.0", features = ["virtio-v5_0_0"] }
-virtio-queue = "0.8.0"
+virtio-queue = "0.7.1"
 vm-allocator = { path = "../vm-allocator" }
 vm-device = { path = "../vm-device" }
-vm-memory = { version = "0.11.0", features = ["backend-mmap", "backend-atomic", "backend-bitmap"] }
+vm-memory = { version = "0.10.0", features = ["backend-mmap", "backend-atomic", "backend-bitmap"] }
 vm-migration = { path = "../vm-migration" }
 vm-virtio = { path = "../vm-virtio" }
 vmm-sys-util = "0.11.0"
--- a/virtio-devices/src/lib.rs
+++ b/virtio-devices/src/lib.rs
@@ -91,8 +91,8 @@ pub enum ActivateError {
    ThreadSpawn(std::io::Error),
    #[error("Failed to setup vhost-user-fs daemon: {0}")]
    VhostUserFsSetup(vhost_user::Error),
-    #[error("Failed to setup vhost-user daemon: {0}")]
-    VhostUserSetup(vhost_user::Error),
+    #[error("Failed to setup vhost-user-blk daemon: {0}")]
+    VhostUserBlkSetup(vhost_user::Error),
    #[error("Failed to create seccomp filter: {0}")]
    CreateSeccompFilter(seccompiler::Error),
    #[error("Failed to create rate limiter: {0}")]
--- a/virtio-devices/src/transport/pci_device.rs
+++ b/virtio-devices/src/transport/pci_device.rs
@@ -48,13 +48,14 @@ use super::pci_common_config::VirtioPciCommonConfigState;
 /// Vector value used to disable MSI for a queue.
 const VIRTQ_MSI_NO_VECTOR: u16 = 0xffff;

+#[allow(clippy::enum_variant_names)]
 enum PciCapabilityType {
-    Common = 1,
-    Notify = 2,
-    Isr = 3,
-    Device = 4,
-    Pci = 5,
-    SharedMemory = 8,
+    CommonConfig = 1,
+    NotifyConfig = 2,
+    IsrConfig = 3,
+    DeviceConfig = 4,
+    PciConfig = 5,
+    SharedMemoryConfig = 8,
 }

 // This offset represents the 2 bytes omitted from the VirtioPciCap structure
@@ -209,7 +210,7 @@ impl PciCapability for VirtioPciCfgCap {
 impl VirtioPciCfgCap {
    fn new() -> Self {
        VirtioPciCfgCap {
-            cap: VirtioPciCap::new(PciCapabilityType::Pci, 0, 0, 0),
+            cap: VirtioPciCap::new(PciCapabilityType::PciConfig, 0, 0, 0),
            ..Default::default()
        }
    }
@@ -666,7 +667,7 @@ impl VirtioPciDevice {
    ) -> std::result::Result<(), PciDeviceError> {
        // Add pointers to the different configuration structures from the PCI capabilities.
        let common_cap = VirtioPciCap::new(
-            PciCapabilityType::Common,
+            PciCapabilityType::CommonConfig,
            settings_bar,
            COMMON_CONFIG_BAR_OFFSET as u32,
            COMMON_CONFIG_SIZE as u32,
@@ -676,7 +677,7 @@ impl VirtioPciDevice {
            .map_err(PciDeviceError::CapabilitiesSetup)?;

        let isr_cap = VirtioPciCap::new(
-            PciCapabilityType::Isr,
+            PciCapabilityType::IsrConfig,
            settings_bar,
            ISR_CONFIG_BAR_OFFSET as u32,
            ISR_CONFIG_SIZE as u32,
@@ -687,7 +688,7 @@ impl VirtioPciDevice {

        // TODO(dgreid) - set based on device's configuration size?
        let device_cap = VirtioPciCap::new(
-            PciCapabilityType::Device,
+            PciCapabilityType::DeviceConfig,
            settings_bar,
            DEVICE_CONFIG_BAR_OFFSET as u32,
            DEVICE_CONFIG_SIZE as u32,
@@ -697,7 +698,7 @@ impl VirtioPciDevice {
            .map_err(PciDeviceError::CapabilitiesSetup)?;

        let notify_cap = VirtioPciNotifyCap::new(
-            PciCapabilityType::Notify,
+            PciCapabilityType::NotifyConfig,
            settings_bar,
            NOTIFICATION_BAR_OFFSET as u32,
            NOTIFICATION_SIZE as u32,
@@ -1056,7 +1057,7 @@ impl PciDevice for VirtioPciDevice {

                for (idx, shm) in shm_list.region_list.iter().enumerate() {
                    let shm_cap = VirtioPciCap64::new(
-                        PciCapabilityType::SharedMemory,
+                        PciCapabilityType::SharedMemoryConfig,
                        VIRTIO_SHM_BAR_INDEX as u8,
                        idx as u8,
                        shm.offset,
--- a/virtio-devices/src/vhost_user/mod.rs
+++ b/virtio-devices/src/vhost_user/mod.rs
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ impl<S: VhostUserMasterReqHandler> VhostUserEpollHandler<S> {
            .map_err(|e| {
                EpollHelperError::IoError(std::io::Error::new(
                    std::io::ErrorKind::Other,
-                    format!("failed reconnecting vhost-user backend: {e:?}"),
+                    format!("failed reconnecting vhost-user backend{e:?}"),
                ))
            })?;

@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ impl VhostUserCommon {
                &slave_req_handler,
                inflight.as_mut(),
            )
-            .map_err(ActivateError::VhostUserSetup)?;
+            .map_err(ActivateError::VhostUserBlkSetup)?;

        Ok(VhostUserEpollHandler {
            vu: vu.clone(),
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ impl VhostUserCommon {
    pub fn pause(&mut self) -> std::result::Result<(), MigratableError> {
        if let Some(vu) = &self.vu {
            vu.lock().unwrap().pause_vhost_user().map_err(|e| {
-                MigratableError::Pause(anyhow!("Error pausing vhost-user backend: {:?}", e))
+                MigratableError::Pause(anyhow!("Error pausing vhost-user-blk backend: {:?}", e))
            })
        } else {
            Ok(())
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ impl VhostUserCommon {
    pub fn resume(&mut self) -> std::result::Result<(), MigratableError> {
        if let Some(vu) = &self.vu {
            vu.lock().unwrap().resume_vhost_user().map_err(|e| {
-                MigratableError::Resume(anyhow!("Error resuming vhost-user backend: {:?}", e))
+                MigratableError::Resume(anyhow!("Error resuming vhost-user-blk backend: {:?}", e))
            })
        } else {
            Ok(())
--- a/virtio-devices/src/vsock/packet.rs
+++ b/virtio-devices/src/vsock/packet.rs
@@ -436,6 +436,7 @@ mod tests {
    }

    #[test]
+    #[allow(clippy::cognitive_complexity)]
    fn test_tx_packet_assembly() {
        // Test case: successful TX packet assembly.
        {
@@ -580,6 +581,7 @@ mod tests {
    }

    #[test]
+    #[allow(clippy::cognitive_complexity)]
    fn test_packet_hdr_accessors() {
        const SRC_CID: u64 = 1;
        const DST_CID: u64 = 2;
--- a/vm-allocator/Cargo.toml
+++ b/vm-allocator/Cargo.toml
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ edition = "2021"

 [dependencies]
 libc = "0.2.139"
-vm-memory = "0.11.0"
+vm-memory = "0.10.0"

 [target.'cfg(target_arch = "aarch64")'.dependencies]
 arch = { path = "../arch" }
--- a/vm-allocator/src/gsi.rs
+++ b/vm-allocator/src/gsi.rs
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ impl GsiAllocator {
    }

    #[cfg(target_arch = "aarch64")]
+    #[allow(clippy::new_without_default)]
    /// New GSI allocator
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        GsiAllocator {
@@ -105,10 +106,3 @@ impl GsiAllocator {
        Ok(irq)
    }
 }
-
-#[cfg(target_arch = "aarch64")]
-impl Default for GsiAllocator {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        GsiAllocator::new()
-    }
-}
--- a/vm-device/Cargo.toml
+++ b/vm-device/Cargo.toml
@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ kvm = ["vfio-ioctls/kvm"]
 mshv = ["vfio-ioctls/mshv"]

 [dependencies]
-anyhow = "1.0.71"
+anyhow = "1.0.69"
 hypervisor = { path = "../hypervisor" }
-thiserror = "1.0.40"
-serde = { version = "1.0.164", features = ["rc", "derive"] }
+thiserror = "1.0.39"
+serde = { version = "1.0.151", features = ["rc", "derive"] }
 vfio-ioctls = { git = "https://github.com/rust-vmm/vfio", branch = "main", default-features = false }
-vm-memory = { version = "0.11.0", features = ["backend-mmap"] }
+vm-memory = { version = "0.10.0", features = ["backend-mmap"] }
 vmm-sys-util = "0.11.0"

--- a/vm-migration/Cargo.toml
+++ b/vm-migration/Cargo.toml
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@ authors = ["The Cloud Hypervisor Authors"]
 edition = "2021"

 [dependencies]
-anyhow = "1.0.71"
-thiserror = "1.0.40"
-serde = { version = "1.0.164", features = ["rc", "derive"] }
-serde_json = "1.0.96"
+anyhow = "1.0.69"
+thiserror = "1.0.39"
+serde = { version = "1.0.151", features = ["rc", "derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0.95"
 versionize = "0.1.10"
 versionize_derive = "0.1.4"
-vm-memory = { version = "0.11.0", features = ["backend-mmap", "backend-atomic"] }
+vm-memory = { version = "0.10.0", features = ["backend-mmap", "backend-atomic"] }
--- a/vm-migration/src/lib.rs
+++ b/vm-migration/src/lib.rs
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ use versionize::{VersionMap, Versionize};
 pub mod protocol;

 /// Global VMM version for versioning
-const MAJOR_VERSION: u16 = 33;
-const MINOR_VERSION: u16 = 0;
+const MAJOR_VERSION: u16 = 31;
+const MINOR_VERSION: u16 = 2;
 const VMM_VERSION: u16 = MAJOR_VERSION << 12 | MINOR_VERSION & 0b1111;

 pub trait VersionMapped {
--- a/vm-virtio/Cargo.toml
+++ b/vm-virtio/Cargo.toml
@@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ default = []

 [dependencies]
 log = "0.4.17"
-virtio-queue = "0.8.0"
-vm-memory = { version = "0.11.0", features = ["backend-mmap", "backend-atomic", "backend-bitmap"] }
+virtio-queue = "0.7.1"
+vm-memory = { version = "0.10.0", features = ["backend-mmap", "backend-atomic", "backend-bitmap"] }
--- a/vmm/Cargo.toml
+++ b/vmm/Cargo.toml
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ edition = "2021"

 [features]
 default = []
-dbus_api = ["blocking", "futures", "zbus"]
 guest_debug = ["kvm", "gdbstub", "gdbstub_arch"]
 kvm = ["hypervisor/kvm", "vfio-ioctls/kvm", "vm-device/kvm", "pci/kvm"]
 mshv = ["hypervisor/mshv", "vfio-ioctls/mshv", "vm-device/mshv", "pci/mshv"]
@@ -15,21 +14,19 @@ tracing = ["tracer/tracing"]

 [dependencies]
 acpi_tables = { git = "https://github.com/rust-vmm/acpi_tables", branch = "main"  }
-anyhow = "1.0.71"
+anyhow = "1.0.69"
 arc-swap = "1.5.1"
 arch = { path = "../arch" }
-bitflags = "2.3.3"
+bitflags = "1.3.2"
 block_util = { path = "../block_util" }
-blocking = { version = "1.3.0", optional = true }
 devices = { path = "../devices" }
 epoll = "4.3.1"
 event_monitor = { path = "../event_monitor" }
-futures = { version = "0.3.27", optional = true }
 gdbstub = { version = "0.6.4", optional = true }
 gdbstub_arch = { version = "0.2.4", optional = true }
 hypervisor = { path = "../hypervisor" }
 libc = "0.2.139"
-linux-loader = { version = "0.9.0", features = ["elf", "bzimage", "pe"] }
+linux-loader = { version = "0.8.1", features = ["elf", "bzimage", "pe"] }
 log = "0.4.17"
 micro_http = { git = "https://github.com/firecracker-microvm/micro-http", branch = "main" }
 net_util = { path = "../net_util" }
@@ -38,25 +35,24 @@ option_parser = { path = "../option_parser" }
 pci = { path = "../pci" }
 qcow = { path = "../qcow" }
 seccompiler = "0.3.0"
-serde = { version = "1.0.164", features = ["rc", "derive"] }
-serde_json = "1.0.96"
+serde = { version = "1.0.151", features = ["rc", "derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0.95"
 serial_buffer = { path = "../serial_buffer" }
 signal-hook = "0.3.15"
-thiserror = "1.0.40"
+thiserror = "1.0.39"
 tracer = { path = "../tracer" }
-uuid = "1.3.4"
+uuid = "1.3.0"
 versionize = "0.1.10"
 versionize_derive = "0.1.4"
 vfio-ioctls = { git = "https://github.com/rust-vmm/vfio", branch = "main", default-features = false }
 vfio_user = { git = "https://github.com/rust-vmm/vfio-user", branch = "main" }
 vhdx = { path = "../vhdx" }
 virtio-devices = { path = "../virtio-devices" }
-virtio-queue = "0.8.0"
+virtio-queue = "0.7.1"
 vm-allocator = { path = "../vm-allocator" }
 vm-device = { path = "../vm-device" }
-vm-memory = { version = "0.11.0", features = ["backend-mmap", "backend-atomic", "backend-bitmap"] }
+vm-memory = { version = "0.10.0", features = ["backend-mmap", "backend-atomic", "backend-bitmap"] }
 vm-migration = { path = "../vm-migration" }
 vm-virtio = { path = "../vm-virtio" }
 vmm-sys-util = { version = "0.11.0", features = ["with-serde"] }
-zbus = { version = "3.11.1", optional = true }
-zerocopy = "0.6.1"
+zerocopy = "0.6.1"
--- a/vmm/src/acpi.rs
+++ b/vmm/src/acpi.rs
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ pub const ACPI_APIC_GENERIC_TRANSLATOR: u8 = 15;

 #[allow(dead_code)]
 #[repr(packed)]
-#[derive(Default, AsBytes)]
+#[derive(Default)]
 struct PciRangeEntry {
    pub base_address: u64,
    pub segment: u16,
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ struct PciRangeEntry {

 #[allow(dead_code)]
 #[repr(packed)]
-#[derive(Default, AsBytes)]
+#[derive(Default)]
 struct MemoryAffinity {
    pub type_: u8,
    pub length: u8,
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ struct MemoryAffinity {

 #[allow(dead_code)]
 #[repr(packed)]
-#[derive(Default, AsBytes)]
+#[derive(Default)]
 struct ProcessorLocalX2ApicAffinity {
    pub type_: u8,
    pub length: u8,
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ struct ProcessorLocalX2ApicAffinity {

 #[allow(dead_code)]
 #[repr(packed)]
-#[derive(Default, AsBytes)]
+#[derive(Default)]
 struct ProcessorGiccAffinity {
    pub type_: u8,
    pub length: u8,
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ impl MemoryAffinity {

 #[allow(dead_code)]
 #[repr(packed)]
-#[derive(Default, AsBytes)]
+#[derive(Default)]
 struct ViotVirtioPciNode {
    pub type_: u8,
    _reserved: u8,
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ struct ViotVirtioPciNode {

 #[allow(dead_code)]
 #[repr(packed)]
-#[derive(Default, AsBytes)]
+#[derive(Default)]
 struct ViotPciRangeNode {
    pub type_: u8,
    _reserved: u8,
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ fn create_facp_table(dsdt_offset: GuestAddress, device_manager: &Arc<Mutex<Devic
    // X_DSDT
    facp.write(140, dsdt_offset.0);
    // Hypervisor Vendor Identity
-    facp.write_bytes(268, b"CLOUDHYP");
+    facp.write(268, b"CLOUDHYP");

    facp.update_checksum();

--- a/vmm/src/api/dbus/mod.rs
+++ b/vmm/src/api/dbus/mod.rs
@@ -1,377 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright © 2023 Sartura Ltd.
-//
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-//
-use super::{ApiRequest, VmAction};
-use crate::seccomp_filters::{get_seccomp_filter, Thread};
-use crate::{Error as VmmError, Result as VmmResult};
-use crate::{NetConfig, VmConfig};
-use futures::channel::oneshot;
-use futures::{executor, FutureExt};
-use hypervisor::HypervisorType;
-use seccompiler::{apply_filter, SeccompAction};
-use std::panic::AssertUnwindSafe;
-use std::sync::mpsc::Sender;
-use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
-use std::thread;
-use vmm_sys_util::eventfd::EventFd;
-use zbus::fdo::{self, Result};
-use zbus::zvariant::Optional;
-use zbus::{dbus_interface, ConnectionBuilder};
-
-pub type DBusApiShutdownChannels = (oneshot::Sender<()>, oneshot::Receiver<()>);
-
-pub struct DBusApiOptions {
-    pub service_name: String,
-    pub object_path: String,
-    pub system_bus: bool,
-}
-
-pub struct DBusApi {
-    api_notifier: EventFd,
-    api_sender: futures::lock::Mutex<Sender<ApiRequest>>,
-}
-
-fn api_error(error: impl std::fmt::Debug) -> fdo::Error {
-    fdo::Error::Failed(format!("{error:?}"))
-}
-
-// This method is intended to ensure that the DBusApi thread has enough time to
-// send a response to the VmmShutdown method call before it is terminated. If
-// this step is omitted, the thread may be terminated before it can send a
-// response, resulting in an error message stating that the message recipient
-// disconnected from the message bus without providing a reply.
-pub fn dbus_api_graceful_shutdown(ch: DBusApiShutdownChannels) {
-    let (send_shutdown, mut recv_done) = ch;
-
-    // send the shutdown signal and return
-    // if it errors out
-    if send_shutdown.send(()).is_err() {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    // loop until `recv_err` errors out
-    // or as long as the return value indicates
-    // "immediately stale" (None)
-    while let Ok(None) = recv_done.try_recv() {}
-}
-
-impl DBusApi {
-    pub fn new(api_notifier: EventFd, api_sender: Sender<ApiRequest>) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            api_notifier,
-            api_sender: futures::lock::Mutex::new(api_sender),
-        }
-    }
-
-    async fn clone_api_sender(&self) -> Sender<ApiRequest> {
-        // lock the async mutex, clone the `Sender` and then immediately
-        // drop the MutexGuard so that other tasks can clone the
-        // `Sender` as well
-        self.api_sender.lock().await.clone()
-    }
-
-    fn clone_api_notifier(&self) -> Result<EventFd> {
-        self.api_notifier
-            .try_clone()
-            .map_err(|err| fdo::Error::IOError(format!("{err:?}")))
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_action(&self, action: VmAction) -> Result<Optional<String>> {
-        let api_sender = self.clone_api_sender().await;
-        let api_notifier = self.clone_api_notifier()?;
-
-        let result = blocking::unblock(move || super::vm_action(api_notifier, api_sender, action))
-            .await
-            .map_err(api_error)?
-            // We're using `from_utf8_lossy` here to not deal with the
-            // error case of `from_utf8` as we know that `b.body` is valid JSON.
-            .map(|b| String::from_utf8_lossy(&b.body).to_string());
-
-        Ok(result.into())
-    }
-}
-
-#[dbus_interface(name = "org.cloudhypervisor.DBusApi1")]
-impl DBusApi {
-    async fn vmm_ping(&self) -> Result<String> {
-        let api_sender = self.clone_api_sender().await;
-        let api_notifier = self.clone_api_notifier()?;
-
-        let result = blocking::unblock(move || super::vmm_ping(api_notifier, api_sender))
-            .await
-            .map_err(api_error)?;
-        serde_json::to_string(&result).map_err(api_error)
-    }
-
-    async fn vmm_shutdown(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        let api_sender = self.clone_api_sender().await;
-        let api_notifier = self.clone_api_notifier()?;
-
-        blocking::unblock(move || super::vmm_shutdown(api_notifier, api_sender))
-            .await
-            .map_err(api_error)
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_add_device(&self, device_config: String) -> Result<Optional<String>> {
-        let device_config = serde_json::from_str(&device_config).map_err(api_error)?;
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::AddDevice(Arc::new(device_config)))
-            .await
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_add_disk(&self, disk_config: String) -> Result<Optional<String>> {
-        let disk_config = serde_json::from_str(&disk_config).map_err(api_error)?;
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::AddDisk(Arc::new(disk_config)))
-            .await
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_add_fs(&self, fs_config: String) -> Result<Optional<String>> {
-        let fs_config = serde_json::from_str(&fs_config).map_err(api_error)?;
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::AddFs(Arc::new(fs_config))).await
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_add_net(&self, net_config: String) -> Result<Optional<String>> {
-        let mut net_config: NetConfig = serde_json::from_str(&net_config).map_err(api_error)?;
-        if net_config.fds.is_some() {
-            warn!("Ignoring FDs sent via the D-Bus request body");
-            net_config.fds = None;
-        }
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::AddNet(Arc::new(net_config))).await
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_add_pmem(&self, pmem_config: String) -> Result<Optional<String>> {
-        let pmem_config = serde_json::from_str(&pmem_config).map_err(api_error)?;
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::AddPmem(Arc::new(pmem_config)))
-            .await
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_add_user_device(&self, vm_add_user_device: String) -> Result<Optional<String>> {
-        let vm_add_user_device = serde_json::from_str(&vm_add_user_device).map_err(api_error)?;
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::AddUserDevice(Arc::new(vm_add_user_device)))
-            .await
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_add_vdpa(&self, vdpa_config: String) -> Result<Optional<String>> {
-        let vdpa_config = serde_json::from_str(&vdpa_config).map_err(api_error)?;
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::AddVdpa(Arc::new(vdpa_config)))
-            .await
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_add_vsock(&self, vsock_config: String) -> Result<Optional<String>> {
-        let vsock_config = serde_json::from_str(&vsock_config).map_err(api_error)?;
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::AddVsock(Arc::new(vsock_config)))
-            .await
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_boot(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::Boot).await.map(|_| ())
-    }
-
-    #[allow(unused_variables)]
-    // zbus doesn't support cfg attributes on interface methods
-    // as a workaround, we make the *call to the internal API* conditionally
-    // compile and return an error on unsupported platforms.
-    async fn vm_coredump(&self, vm_coredump_data: String) -> Result<()> {
-        #[cfg(all(target_arch = "x86_64", feature = "guest_debug"))]
-        {
-            let vm_coredump_data = serde_json::from_str(&vm_coredump_data).map_err(api_error)?;
-            self.vm_action(VmAction::Coredump(Arc::new(vm_coredump_data)))
-                .await
-                .map(|_| ())
-        }
-
-        #[cfg(not(all(target_arch = "x86_64", feature = "guest_debug")))]
-        Err(api_error(
-            "VmCoredump only works on x86_64 with the `guest_debug` feature enabled",
-        ))
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_counters(&self) -> Result<Optional<String>> {
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::Counters).await
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_create(&self, vm_config: String) -> Result<()> {
-        let api_sender = self.clone_api_sender().await;
-        let api_notifier = self.clone_api_notifier()?;
-
-        let mut vm_config: VmConfig = serde_json::from_str(&vm_config).map_err(api_error)?;
-
-        if let Some(ref mut nets) = vm_config.net {
-            if nets.iter().any(|net| net.fds.is_some()) {
-                warn!("Ignoring FDs sent via the D-Bus request body");
-            }
-            for net in nets {
-                net.fds = None;
-            }
-        }
-
-        blocking::unblock(move || {
-            super::vm_create(api_notifier, api_sender, Arc::new(Mutex::new(vm_config)))
-        })
-        .await
-        .map_err(api_error)?;
-
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_delete(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::Delete).await.map(|_| ())
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_info(&self) -> Result<String> {
-        let api_sender = self.clone_api_sender().await;
-        let api_notifier = self.clone_api_notifier()?;
-
-        let result = blocking::unblock(move || super::vm_info(api_notifier, api_sender))
-            .await
-            .map_err(api_error)?;
-        serde_json::to_string(&result).map_err(api_error)
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_pause(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::Pause).await.map(|_| ())
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_power_button(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::PowerButton).await.map(|_| ())
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_reboot(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::Reboot).await.map(|_| ())
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_remove_device(&self, vm_remove_device: String) -> Result<()> {
-        let vm_remove_device = serde_json::from_str(&vm_remove_device).map_err(api_error)?;
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::RemoveDevice(Arc::new(vm_remove_device)))
-            .await
-            .map(|_| ())
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_resize(&self, vm_resize: String) -> Result<()> {
-        let vm_resize = serde_json::from_str(&vm_resize).map_err(api_error)?;
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::Resize(Arc::new(vm_resize)))
-            .await
-            .map(|_| ())
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_resize_zone(&self, vm_resize_zone: String) -> Result<()> {
-        let vm_resize_zone = serde_json::from_str(&vm_resize_zone).map_err(api_error)?;
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::ResizeZone(Arc::new(vm_resize_zone)))
-            .await
-            .map(|_| ())
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_restore(&self, restore_config: String) -> Result<()> {
-        let restore_config = serde_json::from_str(&restore_config).map_err(api_error)?;
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::Restore(Arc::new(restore_config)))
-            .await
-            .map(|_| ())
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_receive_migration(&self, receive_migration_data: String) -> Result<()> {
-        let receive_migration_data =
-            serde_json::from_str(&receive_migration_data).map_err(api_error)?;
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::ReceiveMigration(Arc::new(receive_migration_data)))
-            .await
-            .map(|_| ())
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_send_migration(&self, send_migration_data: String) -> Result<()> {
-        let send_migration_data = serde_json::from_str(&send_migration_data).map_err(api_error)?;
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::SendMigration(Arc::new(send_migration_data)))
-            .await
-            .map(|_| ())
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_resume(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::Resume).await.map(|_| ())
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_shutdown(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::Shutdown).await.map(|_| ())
-    }
-
-    async fn vm_snapshot(&self, vm_snapshot_config: String) -> Result<()> {
-        let vm_snapshot_config = serde_json::from_str(&vm_snapshot_config).map_err(api_error)?;
-        self.vm_action(VmAction::Snapshot(Arc::new(vm_snapshot_config)))
-            .await
-            .map(|_| ())
-    }
-}
-
-pub fn start_dbus_thread(
-    dbus_options: DBusApiOptions,
-    api_notifier: EventFd,
-    api_sender: Sender<ApiRequest>,
-    seccomp_action: &SeccompAction,
-    exit_evt: EventFd,
-    hypervisor_type: HypervisorType,
-) -> VmmResult<(thread::JoinHandle<VmmResult<()>>, DBusApiShutdownChannels)> {
-    let dbus_iface = DBusApi::new(api_notifier, api_sender);
-    let connection = executor::block_on(async move {
-        let conn_builder = if dbus_options.system_bus {
-            ConnectionBuilder::system()?
-        } else {
-            ConnectionBuilder::session()?
-        };
-
-        conn_builder
-            .internal_executor(false)
-            .name(dbus_options.service_name)?
-            .serve_at(dbus_options.object_path, dbus_iface)?
-            .build()
-            .await
-    })
-    .map_err(VmmError::CreateDBusSession)?;
-
-    let (send_shutdown, recv_shutdown) = oneshot::channel::<()>();
-    let (send_done, recv_done) = oneshot::channel::<()>();
-
-    // Retrieve seccomp filter for API thread
-    let api_seccomp_filter = get_seccomp_filter(seccomp_action, Thread::DBusApi, hypervisor_type)
-        .map_err(VmmError::CreateSeccompFilter)?;
-
-    let thread_join_handle = thread::Builder::new()
-        .name("dbus-thread".to_string())
-        .spawn(move || {
-            // Apply seccomp filter for API thread.
-            if !api_seccomp_filter.is_empty() {
-                apply_filter(&api_seccomp_filter)
-                    .map_err(VmmError::ApplySeccompFilter)
-                    .map_err(|e| {
-                        error!("Error applying seccomp filter: {:?}", e);
-                        exit_evt.write(1).ok();
-                        e
-                    })?;
-            }
-
-            std::panic::catch_unwind(AssertUnwindSafe(move || {
-                executor::block_on(async move {
-                    let recv_shutdown = recv_shutdown.fuse();
-                    let executor_tick = futures::future::Fuse::terminated();
-                    futures::pin_mut!(recv_shutdown, executor_tick);
-                    executor_tick.set(connection.executor().tick().fuse());
-
-                    loop {
-                        futures::select! {
-                            _ = executor_tick => executor_tick.set(connection.executor().tick().fuse()),
-                            _ = recv_shutdown => {
-                                send_done.send(()).ok();
-                                break;
-                            },
-                        }
-                    }
-                })
-            }))
-            .map_err(|_| {
-                error!("dbus-api thread panicked");
-                exit_evt.write(1).ok()
-            })
-            .ok();
-
-            Ok(())
-        })
-        .map_err(VmmError::DBusThreadSpawn)?;
-
-    Ok((thread_join_handle, (send_shutdown, recv_done)))
-}
--- a/vmm/src/api/http/mod.rs
+++ b/vmm/src/api/http/mod.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 //

-use self::http_endpoint::{VmActionHandler, VmCreate, VmInfo, VmmPing, VmmShutdown};
+use crate::api::http_endpoint::{VmActionHandler, VmCreate, VmInfo, VmmPing, VmmShutdown};
 use crate::api::{ApiError, ApiRequest, VmAction};
 use crate::seccomp_filters::{get_seccomp_filter, Thread};
 use crate::{Error as VmmError, Result};
@@ -23,8 +23,6 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::thread;
 use vmm_sys_util::eventfd::EventFd;

-pub mod http_endpoint;
-
 /// Errors associated with VMM management
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum HttpError {
@@ -284,7 +282,7 @@ fn start_http_thread(
    hypervisor_type: HypervisorType,
 ) -> Result<thread::JoinHandle<Result<()>>> {
    // Retrieve seccomp filter for API thread
-    let api_seccomp_filter = get_seccomp_filter(seccomp_action, Thread::HttpApi, hypervisor_type)
+    let api_seccomp_filter = get_seccomp_filter(seccomp_action, Thread::Api, hypervisor_type)
        .map_err(VmmError::CreateSeccompFilter)?;

    thread::Builder::new()
--- a/vmm/src/api/http/http_endpoint.rs
+++ b/vmm/src/api/http/http_endpoint.rs
--- a/vmm/src/api/mod.rs
+++ b/vmm/src/api/mod.rs
@@ -28,15 +28,12 @@
 //!    response channel Receiver.
 //! 5. The thread handles the response and forwards potential errors.

-#[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-pub mod dbus;
-pub mod http;
-
-#[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-pub use self::dbus::start_dbus_thread;
 pub use self::http::start_http_fd_thread;
 pub use self::http::start_http_path_thread;

+pub mod http;
+pub mod http_endpoint;
+
 use crate::config::{
    DeviceConfig, DiskConfig, FsConfig, NetConfig, PmemConfig, RestoreConfig, UserDeviceConfig,
    VdpaConfig, VmConfig, VsockConfig,
@@ -168,9 +165,7 @@ pub struct VmInfo {

 #[derive(Clone, Deserialize, Serialize)]
 pub struct VmmPingResponse {
-    pub build_version: String,
    pub version: String,
-    pub pid: i64,
 }

 #[derive(Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, Default, Debug)]
@@ -235,6 +230,7 @@ pub enum ApiResponsePayload {
 /// This is the response sent by the VMM API server through the mpsc channel.
 pub type ApiResponse = std::result::Result<ApiResponsePayload, ApiError>;

+#[allow(clippy::large_enum_variant)]
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum ApiRequest {
    /// Create the virtual machine. This request payload is a VM configuration
--- a/vmm/src/api/openapi/cloud-hypervisor.yaml
+++ b/vmm/src/api/openapi/cloud-hypervisor.yaml
@@ -438,13 +438,8 @@ components:
        - version
      type: object
      properties:
-        build_version:
-          type: string
        version:
          type: string
-        pid:
-          type: integer
-          format: int64
      description: Virtual Machine Monitor information

    VmInfo:
--- a/vmm/src/config.rs
+++ b/vmm/src/config.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ use std::str::FromStr;
 use thiserror::Error;
 use virtio_devices::{RateLimiterConfig, TokenBucketConfig};

-const MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS: u16 = 96;
+const MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS: u16 = 16;

 /// Errors associated with VM configuration parameters.
 #[derive(Debug, Error)]
@@ -2947,26 +2947,24 @@ mod tests {

        let mut still_valid_config = valid_config.clone();
        still_valid_config.platform = Some(PlatformConfig {
-            num_pci_segments: MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS,
+            num_pci_segments: 16,
            ..Default::default()
        });
        assert!(still_valid_config.validate().is_ok());

        let mut invalid_config = valid_config.clone();
        invalid_config.platform = Some(PlatformConfig {
-            num_pci_segments: MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS + 1,
+            num_pci_segments: 17,
            ..Default::default()
        });
        assert_eq!(
            invalid_config.validate(),
-            Err(ValidationError::InvalidNumPciSegments(
-                MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS + 1
-            ))
+            Err(ValidationError::InvalidNumPciSegments(17))
        );

        let mut still_valid_config = valid_config.clone();
        still_valid_config.platform = Some(PlatformConfig {
-            num_pci_segments: MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS,
+            num_pci_segments: 16,
            iommu_segments: Some(vec![1, 2, 3]),
            ..Default::default()
        });
@@ -2974,18 +2972,18 @@ mod tests {

        let mut invalid_config = valid_config.clone();
        invalid_config.platform = Some(PlatformConfig {
-            num_pci_segments: MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS,
-            iommu_segments: Some(vec![MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS + 1, MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS + 2]),
+            num_pci_segments: 16,
+            iommu_segments: Some(vec![17, 18]),
            ..Default::default()
        });
        assert_eq!(
            invalid_config.validate(),
-            Err(ValidationError::InvalidPciSegment(MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS + 1))
+            Err(ValidationError::InvalidPciSegment(17))
        );

        let mut still_valid_config = valid_config.clone();
        still_valid_config.platform = Some(PlatformConfig {
-            num_pci_segments: MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS,
+            num_pci_segments: 16,
            iommu_segments: Some(vec![1, 2, 3]),
            ..Default::default()
        });
@@ -2998,7 +2996,7 @@ mod tests {

        let mut still_valid_config = valid_config.clone();
        still_valid_config.platform = Some(PlatformConfig {
-            num_pci_segments: MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS,
+            num_pci_segments: 16,
            iommu_segments: Some(vec![1, 2, 3]),
            ..Default::default()
        });
@@ -3011,7 +3009,7 @@ mod tests {

        let mut still_valid_config = valid_config.clone();
        still_valid_config.platform = Some(PlatformConfig {
-            num_pci_segments: MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS,
+            num_pci_segments: 16,
            iommu_segments: Some(vec![1, 2, 3]),
            ..Default::default()
        });
@@ -3024,7 +3022,7 @@ mod tests {

        let mut still_valid_config = valid_config.clone();
        still_valid_config.platform = Some(PlatformConfig {
-            num_pci_segments: MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS,
+            num_pci_segments: 16,
            iommu_segments: Some(vec![1, 2, 3]),
            ..Default::default()
        });
@@ -3037,7 +3035,7 @@ mod tests {

        let mut still_valid_config = valid_config.clone();
        still_valid_config.platform = Some(PlatformConfig {
-            num_pci_segments: MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS,
+            num_pci_segments: 16,
            iommu_segments: Some(vec![1, 2, 3]),
            ..Default::default()
        });
@@ -3050,7 +3048,7 @@ mod tests {

        let mut invalid_config = valid_config.clone();
        invalid_config.platform = Some(PlatformConfig {
-            num_pci_segments: MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS,
+            num_pci_segments: 16,
            iommu_segments: Some(vec![1, 2, 3]),
            ..Default::default()
        });
@@ -3066,7 +3064,7 @@ mod tests {

        let mut invalid_config = valid_config.clone();
        invalid_config.platform = Some(PlatformConfig {
-            num_pci_segments: MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS,
+            num_pci_segments: 16,
            iommu_segments: Some(vec![1, 2, 3]),
            ..Default::default()
        });
@@ -3082,7 +3080,7 @@ mod tests {

        let mut invalid_config = valid_config.clone();
        invalid_config.platform = Some(PlatformConfig {
-            num_pci_segments: MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS,
+            num_pci_segments: 16,
            iommu_segments: Some(vec![1, 2, 3]),
            ..Default::default()
        });
@@ -3098,7 +3096,7 @@ mod tests {

        let mut invalid_config = valid_config.clone();
        invalid_config.platform = Some(PlatformConfig {
-            num_pci_segments: MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS,
+            num_pci_segments: 16,
            iommu_segments: Some(vec![1, 2, 3]),
            ..Default::default()
        });
@@ -3114,7 +3112,7 @@ mod tests {

        let mut invalid_config = valid_config.clone();
        invalid_config.platform = Some(PlatformConfig {
-            num_pci_segments: MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS,
+            num_pci_segments: 16,
            iommu_segments: Some(vec![1, 2, 3]),
            ..Default::default()
        });
@@ -3131,7 +3129,7 @@ mod tests {
        let mut invalid_config = valid_config.clone();
        invalid_config.memory.shared = true;
        invalid_config.platform = Some(PlatformConfig {
-            num_pci_segments: MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS,
+            num_pci_segments: 16,
            iommu_segments: Some(vec![1, 2, 3]),
            ..Default::default()
        });
@@ -3146,7 +3144,7 @@ mod tests {

        let mut invalid_config = valid_config.clone();
        invalid_config.platform = Some(PlatformConfig {
-            num_pci_segments: MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS,
+            num_pci_segments: 16,
            iommu_segments: Some(vec![1, 2, 3]),
            ..Default::default()
        });
@@ -3162,7 +3160,7 @@ mod tests {
        let mut invalid_config = valid_config.clone();
        invalid_config.memory.shared = true;
        invalid_config.platform = Some(PlatformConfig {
-            num_pci_segments: MAX_NUM_PCI_SEGMENTS,
+            num_pci_segments: 16,
            iommu_segments: Some(vec![1, 2, 3]),
            ..Default::default()
        });
--- a/vmm/src/cpu.rs
+++ b/vmm/src/cpu.rs
@@ -84,7 +84,6 @@ use vm_migration::{
 };
 use vmm_sys_util::eventfd::EventFd;
 use vmm_sys_util::signal::{register_signal_handler, SIGRTMIN};
-use zerocopy::AsBytes;

 #[cfg(all(target_arch = "aarch64", feature = "guest_debug"))]
 /// Extract the specified bits of a 64-bit integer.
@@ -98,13 +97,6 @@ macro_rules! extract_bits_64 {
    };
 }

-#[cfg(all(target_arch = "aarch64", feature = "guest_debug"))]
-macro_rules! extract_bits_64_without_offset {
-    ($value: tt, $length: tt) => {
-        $value & (!0u64 >> (64 - $length))
-    };
-}
-
 pub const CPU_MANAGER_ACPI_SIZE: usize = 0xc;

 #[derive(Debug, Error)]
@@ -184,7 +176,6 @@ pub type Result<T> = result::Result<T, Error>;
 #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
 #[allow(dead_code)]
 #[repr(packed)]
-#[derive(AsBytes)]
 struct LocalApic {
    pub r#type: u8,
    pub length: u8,
@@ -195,7 +186,7 @@ struct LocalApic {

 #[allow(dead_code)]
 #[repr(packed)]
-#[derive(Default, AsBytes)]
+#[derive(Default)]
 struct Ioapic {
    pub r#type: u8,
    pub length: u8,
@@ -208,7 +199,6 @@ struct Ioapic {
 #[cfg(target_arch = "aarch64")]
 #[allow(dead_code)]
 #[repr(packed)]
-#[derive(AsBytes)]
 struct GicC {
    pub r#type: u8,
    pub length: u8,
@@ -233,7 +223,6 @@ struct GicC {
 #[cfg(target_arch = "aarch64")]
 #[allow(dead_code)]
 #[repr(packed)]
-#[derive(AsBytes)]
 struct GicD {
    pub r#type: u8,
    pub length: u8,
@@ -248,7 +237,6 @@ struct GicD {
 #[cfg(target_arch = "aarch64")]
 #[allow(dead_code)]
 #[repr(packed)]
-#[derive(AsBytes)]
 struct GicR {
    pub r#type: u8,
    pub length: u8,
@@ -260,7 +248,6 @@ struct GicR {
 #[cfg(target_arch = "aarch64")]
 #[allow(dead_code)]
 #[repr(packed)]
-#[derive(AsBytes)]
 struct GicIts {
    pub r#type: u8,
    pub length: u8,
@@ -273,7 +260,6 @@ struct GicIts {
 #[cfg(target_arch = "aarch64")]
 #[allow(dead_code)]
 #[repr(packed)]
-#[derive(AsBytes)]
 struct ProcessorHierarchyNode {
    pub r#type: u8,
    pub length: u8,
@@ -286,7 +272,7 @@ struct ProcessorHierarchyNode {

 #[allow(dead_code)]
 #[repr(packed)]
-#[derive(Default, AsBytes)]
+#[derive(Default)]
 struct InterruptSourceOverride {
    pub r#type: u8,
    pub length: u8,
@@ -723,7 +709,7 @@ impl CpuManager {
        );

        self.cpuid = {
-            let phys_bits = physical_bits(hypervisor, self.config.max_phys_bits);
+            let phys_bits = physical_bits(self.config.max_phys_bits);
            arch::generate_common_cpuid(
                hypervisor,
                topology,
@@ -1290,7 +1276,7 @@ impl CpuManager {
        let mut madt = Sdt::new(*b"APIC", 44, 5, *b"CLOUDH", *b"CHMADT  ", 1);
        #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
        {
-            madt.write(36, arch::layout::APIC_START.0);
+            madt.write(36, arch::layout::APIC_START);

            for cpu in 0..self.config.max_vcpus {
                let lapic = LocalApic {
@@ -1618,7 +1604,8 @@ impl CpuManager {

        // PA or IPA size is determined
        let tcr_ips = extract_bits_64!(tcr_el1, 32, 3);
-        let pa_range = extract_bits_64_without_offset!(id_aa64mmfr0_el1, 4);
+        #[allow(clippy::identity_op)]
+        let pa_range = extract_bits_64!(id_aa64mmfr0_el1, 0, 4);
        // The IPA size in TCR_BL1 and PA Range in ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1 should match.
        // To be safe, we use the minimum value if they are different.
        let pa_range = std::cmp::min(tcr_ips, pa_range);
@@ -1651,7 +1638,8 @@ impl CpuManager {
        let descaddrmask = descaddrmask & !indexmask_grainsize;

        // Translation table base address
-        let mut descaddr: u64 = extract_bits_64_without_offset!(ttbr1_el1, 48);
+        #[allow(clippy::identity_op)]
+        let mut descaddr: u64 = extract_bits_64!(ttbr1_el1, 0, 48);
        // In the case of FEAT_LPA and FEAT_LPA2, the initial translation table
        // addresss bits [48:51] comes from TTBR1_EL1 bits [2:5].
        if pa_size == 52 {
@@ -1992,7 +1980,6 @@ impl Aml for CpuManager {
                            true,
                            acpi_address.0,
                            acpi_address.0 + CPU_MANAGER_ACPI_SIZE as u64 - 1,
-                            None,
                        )]),
                    ),
                    // OpRegion and Fields map MMIO range into individual field values
--- a/vmm/src/device_manager.rs
+++ b/vmm/src/device_manager.rs
@@ -4278,7 +4278,7 @@ impl Aml for DeviceManager {
        let mut pci_scan_methods = Vec::new();
        for i in 0..self.pci_segments.len() {
            pci_scan_methods.push(aml::MethodCall::new(
-                format!("\\_SB_.PC{i:02X}.PCNT").as_str().into(),
+                format!("\\_SB_.PCI{i:X}.PCNT").as_str().into(),
                vec![],
            ));
        }
@@ -4302,7 +4302,6 @@ impl Aml for DeviceManager {
                        true,
                        self.acpi_address.0,
                        self.acpi_address.0 + DEVICE_MANAGER_ACPI_SIZE as u64 - 1,
-                        None,
                    )]),
                ),
                // OpRegion and Fields map MMIO range into individual field values
--- a/vmm/src/device_tree.rs
+++ b/vmm/src/device_tree.rs
@@ -109,8 +109,7 @@ pub struct BftIter<'a> {

 impl<'a> BftIter<'a> {
    fn new(hash_map: &'a HashMap<String, DeviceNode>) -> Self {
-        let mut nodes = Vec::with_capacity(hash_map.len());
-        let mut i = 0;
+        let mut nodes = Vec::new();

        for (_, node) in hash_map.iter() {
            if node.parent.is_none() {
@@ -118,13 +117,26 @@ impl<'a> BftIter<'a> {
            }
        }

-        while i < nodes.len() {
-            for child_node_id in nodes[i].children.iter() {
-                if let Some(child_node) = hash_map.get(child_node_id) {
-                    nodes.push(child_node);
+        let mut node_layer = nodes.as_slice();
+        loop {
+            let mut next_node_layer = Vec::new();
+
+            for node in node_layer.iter() {
+                for child_node_id in node.children.iter() {
+                    if let Some(child_node) = hash_map.get(child_node_id) {
+                        next_node_layer.push(child_node);
+                    }
                }
            }
-            i += 1;
+
+            if next_node_layer.is_empty() {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            let pos = nodes.len();
+            nodes.extend(next_node_layer);
+
+            node_layer = &nodes[pos..];
        }

        BftIter { nodes }
--- a/vmm/src/gdb.rs
+++ b/vmm/src/gdb.rs
@@ -435,6 +435,7 @@ impl run_blocking::BlockingEventLoop for GdbEventLoop {
    type Connection = Box<dyn ConnectionExt<Error = std::io::Error>>;
    type StopReason = MultiThreadStopReason<ArchUsize>;

+    #[allow(clippy::type_complexity)]
    fn wait_for_stop_reason(
        target: &mut Self::Target,
        conn: &mut Self::Connection,
--- a/vmm/src/lib.rs
+++ b/vmm/src/lib.rs
@@ -25,8 +25,6 @@ use crate::migration::{recv_vm_config, recv_vm_state};
 use crate::seccomp_filters::{get_seccomp_filter, Thread};
 use crate::vm::{Error as VmError, Vm, VmState};
 use anyhow::anyhow;
-#[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-use api::dbus::{DBusApiOptions, DBusApiShutdownChannels};
 use libc::{tcsetattr, termios, EFD_NONBLOCK, SIGINT, SIGTERM, TCSANOW};
 use memory_manager::MemoryManagerSnapshotData;
 use pci::PciBdf;
@@ -82,6 +80,7 @@ type GuestRegionMmap = vm_memory::GuestRegionMmap<AtomicBitmap>;

 /// Errors associated with VMM management
 #[derive(Debug, Error)]
+#[allow(clippy::large_enum_variant)]
 pub enum Error {
    /// API request receive error
    #[error("Error receiving API request: {0}")]
@@ -115,16 +114,6 @@ pub enum Error {
    #[error("Error spawning HTTP thread: {0}")]
    HttpThreadSpawn(#[source] io::Error),

-    /// Cannot create D-Bus thread
-    #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-    #[error("Error spawning D-Bus thread: {0}")]
-    DBusThreadSpawn(#[source] io::Error),
-
-    /// Cannot start D-Bus session
-    #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-    #[error("Error starting D-Bus session: {0}")]
-    CreateDBusSession(#[source] zbus::Error),
-
    /// Cannot handle the VM STDIN stream
    #[error("Error handling VM stdin: {0:?}")]
    Stdin(VmError),
@@ -291,10 +280,9 @@ impl Serialize for PciDeviceInfo {
 #[allow(unused_variables)]
 #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
 pub fn start_vmm_thread(
-    vmm_version: VmmVersionInfo,
+    vmm_version: String,
    http_path: &Option<String>,
    http_fd: Option<RawFd>,
-    #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")] dbus_options: Option<DBusApiOptions>,
    api_event: EventFd,
    api_sender: Sender<ApiRequest>,
    api_receiver: Receiver<ApiRequest>,
@@ -304,7 +292,7 @@ pub fn start_vmm_thread(
    exit_event: EventFd,
    seccomp_action: &SeccompAction,
    hypervisor: Arc<dyn hypervisor::Hypervisor>,
-) -> Result<VmmThreadHandle> {
+) -> Result<thread::JoinHandle<Result<()>>> {
    #[cfg(feature = "guest_debug")]
    let gdb_hw_breakpoints = hypervisor.get_guest_debug_hw_bps();
    #[cfg(feature = "guest_debug")]
@@ -314,7 +302,7 @@ pub fn start_vmm_thread(
    #[cfg(feature = "guest_debug")]
    let gdb_vm_debug_event = vm_debug_event.try_clone().map_err(Error::EventFdClone)?;

-    let api_event_clone = api_event.try_clone().map_err(Error::EventFdClone)?;
+    let http_api_event = api_event.try_clone().map_err(Error::EventFdClone)?;
    let hypervisor_type = hypervisor.hypervisor_type();

    // Retrieve seccomp filter
@@ -333,7 +321,7 @@ pub fn start_vmm_thread(
                }

                let mut vmm = Vmm::new(
-                    vmm_version,
+                    vmm_version.to_string(),
                    api_event,
                    #[cfg(feature = "guest_debug")]
                    debug_event,
@@ -355,28 +343,11 @@ pub fn start_vmm_thread(
            .map_err(Error::VmmThreadSpawn)?
    };

-    // The VMM thread is started, we can start the dbus thread
-    // and start serving HTTP requests
-    #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-    let dbus_shutdown_chs = match dbus_options {
-        Some(opts) => {
-            let (_, chs) = api::start_dbus_thread(
-                opts,
-                api_event_clone.try_clone().map_err(Error::EventFdClone)?,
-                api_sender.clone(),
-                seccomp_action,
-                exit_event.try_clone().map_err(Error::EventFdClone)?,
-                hypervisor_type,
-            )?;
-            Some(chs)
-        }
-        None => None,
-    };
-
+    // The VMM thread is started, we can start serving HTTP requests
    if let Some(http_path) = http_path {
        api::start_http_path_thread(
            http_path,
-            api_event_clone,
+            http_api_event,
            api_sender,
            seccomp_action,
            exit_event,
@@ -385,7 +356,7 @@ pub fn start_vmm_thread(
    } else if let Some(http_fd) = http_fd {
        api::start_http_fd_thread(
            http_fd,
-            api_event_clone,
+            http_api_event,
            api_sender,
            seccomp_action,
            exit_event,
@@ -407,11 +378,7 @@ pub fn start_vmm_thread(
            .map_err(Error::GdbThreadSpawn)?;
    }

-    Ok(VmmThreadHandle {
-        thread_handle: thread,
-        #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-        dbus_shutdown_chs,
-    })
+    Ok(thread)
 }

 #[derive(Clone, Deserialize, Serialize)]
@@ -422,27 +389,6 @@ struct VmMigrationConfig {
    memory_manager_data: MemoryManagerSnapshotData,
 }

-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct VmmVersionInfo {
-    pub build_version: String,
-    pub version: String,
-}
-
-impl VmmVersionInfo {
-    pub fn new(build_version: &str, version: &str) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            build_version: build_version.to_owned(),
-            version: version.to_owned(),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-pub struct VmmThreadHandle {
-    pub thread_handle: thread::JoinHandle<Result<()>>,
-    #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-    pub dbus_shutdown_chs: Option<DBusApiShutdownChannels>,
-}
-
 pub struct Vmm {
    epoll: EpollContext,
    exit_evt: EventFd,
@@ -452,7 +398,7 @@ pub struct Vmm {
    debug_evt: EventFd,
    #[cfg(feature = "guest_debug")]
    vm_debug_evt: EventFd,
-    version: VmmVersionInfo,
+    version: String,
    vm: Option<Vm>,
    vm_config: Option<Arc<Mutex<VmConfig>>>,
    seccomp_action: SeccompAction,
@@ -544,7 +490,7 @@ impl Vmm {
    }

    fn new(
-        vmm_version: VmmVersionInfo,
+        vmm_version: String,
        api_evt: EventFd,
        #[cfg(feature = "guest_debug")] debug_evt: EventFd,
        #[cfg(feature = "guest_debug")] vm_debug_evt: EventFd,
@@ -868,15 +814,8 @@ impl Vmm {
    }

    fn vmm_ping(&self) -> VmmPingResponse {
-        let VmmVersionInfo {
-            build_version,
-            version,
-        } = self.version.clone();
-
        VmmPingResponse {
-            build_version,
-            version,
-            pid: std::process::id() as i64,
+            version: self.version.clone(),
        }
    }

@@ -1259,8 +1198,7 @@ impl Vmm {
            ))
        })?;

-        let phys_bits =
-            vm::physical_bits(&self.hypervisor, config.lock().unwrap().cpus.max_phys_bits);
+        let phys_bits = vm::physical_bits(config.lock().unwrap().cpus.max_phys_bits);

        let memory_manager = MemoryManager::new(
            vm,
@@ -1576,8 +1514,7 @@ impl Vmm {
        let vm_config = vm.get_config();
        #[cfg(all(feature = "kvm", target_arch = "x86_64"))]
        let common_cpuid = {
-            let phys_bits =
-                vm::physical_bits(&hypervisor, vm_config.lock().unwrap().cpus.max_phys_bits);
+            let phys_bits = vm::physical_bits(vm_config.lock().unwrap().cpus.max_phys_bits);
            arch::generate_common_cpuid(
                &hypervisor,
                None,
@@ -1767,7 +1704,7 @@ impl Vmm {
        let dest_cpuid = &{
            let vm_config = &src_vm_config.lock().unwrap();

-            let phys_bits = vm::physical_bits(&self.hypervisor, vm_config.cpus.max_phys_bits);
+            let phys_bits = vm::physical_bits(vm_config.cpus.max_phys_bits);
            arch::generate_common_cpuid(
                &self.hypervisor.clone(),
                None,
@@ -2133,7 +2070,7 @@ mod unit_tests {

    fn create_dummy_vmm() -> Vmm {
        Vmm::new(
-            VmmVersionInfo::new("dummy", "dummy"),
+            "dummy".to_string(),
            EventFd::new(EFD_NONBLOCK).unwrap(),
            #[cfg(feature = "guest_debug")]
            EventFd::new(EFD_NONBLOCK).unwrap(),
--- a/vmm/src/memory_manager.rs
+++ b/vmm/src/memory_manager.rs
@@ -2334,7 +2334,6 @@ impl Aml for MemoryMethods {
                        true,
                        0x0000_0000_0000_0000u64,
                        0xFFFF_FFFF_FFFF_FFFEu64,
-                        None,
                    )]),
                ),
                &aml::CreateQWordField::new(
@@ -2417,7 +2416,6 @@ impl Aml for MemoryManager {
                            true,
                            acpi_address.0,
                            acpi_address.0 + MEMORY_MANAGER_ACPI_SIZE as u64 - 1,
-                            None,
                        )]),
                    ),
                    // OpRegion and Fields map MMIO range into individual field values
@@ -2513,7 +2511,6 @@ impl Aml for MemoryManager {
                                true,
                                min,
                                max,
-                                None,
                            )]),
                        ),
                        &aml::Method::new("_STA".into(), 0, false, vec![&aml::Return::new(&0xfu8)]),
--- a/vmm/src/pci_segment.rs
+++ b/vmm/src/pci_segment.rs
@@ -353,19 +353,17 @@ impl Aml for PciSegment {
                        layout::MEM_32BIT_DEVICES_START.0 as u32,
                        (layout::MEM_32BIT_DEVICES_START.0 + layout::MEM_32BIT_DEVICES_SIZE - 1)
                            as u32,
-                        None,
                    ),
                    &aml::AddressSpace::new_memory(
                        aml::AddressSpaceCachable::NotCacheable,
                        true,
                        self.start_of_device_area,
                        self.end_of_device_area,
-                        None,
                    ),
                    #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
-                    &aml::AddressSpace::new_io(0u16, 0x0cf7u16, None),
+                    &aml::AddressSpace::new_io(0u16, 0x0cf7u16),
                    #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
-                    &aml::AddressSpace::new_io(0x0d00u16, 0xffffu16, None),
+                    &aml::AddressSpace::new_io(0x0d00u16, 0xffffu16),
                ]),
            )
        } else {
@@ -383,7 +381,6 @@ impl Aml for PciSegment {
                        true,
                        self.start_of_device_area,
                        self.end_of_device_area,
-                        None,
                    ),
                ]),
            )
@@ -421,7 +418,7 @@ impl Aml for PciSegment {
        pci_dsdt_inner_data.push(&prt);

        aml::Device::new(
-            format!("_SB_.PC{:02X}", self.id).as_str().into(),
+            format!("_SB_.PCI{:X}", self.id).as_str().into(),
            pci_dsdt_inner_data,
        )
        .to_aml_bytes(sink)
--- a/vmm/src/seccomp_filters.rs
+++ b/vmm/src/seccomp_filters.rs
@@ -12,9 +12,7 @@ use seccompiler::{
 use std::convert::TryInto;

 pub enum Thread {
-    HttpApi,
-    #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-    DBusApi,
+    Api,
    SignalHandler,
    Vcpu,
    Vmm,
@@ -748,9 +746,9 @@ fn vcpu_thread_rules(
    ])
 }

-// The filter containing the white listed syscall rules required by the HTTP API to
+// The filter containing the white listed syscall rules required by the API to
 // function.
-fn http_api_thread_rules() -> Result<Vec<(i64, Vec<SeccompRule>)>, BackendError> {
+fn api_thread_rules() -> Result<Vec<(i64, Vec<SeccompRule>)>, BackendError> {
    Ok(vec![
        (libc::SYS_accept4, vec![]),
        (libc::SYS_brk, vec![]),
@@ -777,50 +775,12 @@ fn http_api_thread_rules() -> Result<Vec<(i64, Vec<SeccompRule>)>, BackendError>
    ])
 }

-// The filter containing the white listed syscall rules required by the D-Bus API
-// to function.
-#[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-fn dbus_api_thread_rules() -> Result<Vec<(i64, Vec<SeccompRule>)>, BackendError> {
-    Ok(vec![
-        (libc::SYS_brk, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_clock_gettime, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_clone, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_clone3, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_close, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_dup, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_epoll_ctl, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_exit, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_futex, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_getrandom, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_madvise, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_mmap, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_mprotect, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_munmap, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_prctl, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_recvmsg, vec![]),
-        // musl is missing this constant
-        // (libc::SYS_rseq, vec![]),
-        #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
-        (334, vec![]),
-        #[cfg(target_arch = "aarch64")]
-        (293, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_rt_sigprocmask, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_sched_getaffinity, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_sendmsg, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_set_robust_list, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_sigaltstack, vec![]),
-        (libc::SYS_write, vec![]),
-    ])
-}
-
 fn get_seccomp_rules(
    thread_type: Thread,
    hypervisor_type: HypervisorType,
 ) -> Result<Vec<(i64, Vec<SeccompRule>)>, BackendError> {
    match thread_type {
-        Thread::HttpApi => Ok(http_api_thread_rules()?),
-        #[cfg(feature = "dbus_api")]
-        Thread::DBusApi => Ok(dbus_api_thread_rules()?),
+        Thread::Api => Ok(api_thread_rules()?),
        Thread::SignalHandler => Ok(signal_handler_thread_rules()?),
        Thread::Vcpu => Ok(vcpu_thread_rules(hypervisor_type)?),
        Thread::Vmm => Ok(vmm_thread_rules(hypervisor_type)?),
--- a/vmm/src/vm.rs
+++ b/vmm/src/vm.rs
@@ -417,8 +417,8 @@ impl VmOps for VmOpsHandler {
    }
 }

-pub fn physical_bits(hypervisor: &Arc<dyn hypervisor::Hypervisor>, max_phys_bits: u8) -> u8 {
-    let host_phys_bits = get_host_cpu_phys_bits(hypervisor);
+pub fn physical_bits(max_phys_bits: u8) -> u8 {
+    let host_phys_bits = get_host_cpu_phys_bits();

    cmp::min(host_phys_bits, max_phys_bits)
 }
@@ -762,7 +762,7 @@ impl Vm {
            tdx_enabled,
        )?;

-        let phys_bits = physical_bits(&hypervisor, vm_config.lock().unwrap().cpus.max_phys_bits);
+        let phys_bits = physical_bits(vm_config.lock().unwrap().cpus.max_phys_bits);

        let memory_manager = if let Some(snapshot) =
            snapshot_from_id(snapshot.as_ref(), MEMORY_MANAGER_SNAPSHOT_ID)
@@ -2413,10 +2413,7 @@ impl Snapshottable for Vm {

        #[cfg(all(feature = "kvm", target_arch = "x86_64"))]
        let common_cpuid = {
-            let phys_bits = physical_bits(
-                &self.hypervisor,
-                self.config.lock().unwrap().cpus.max_phys_bits,
-            );
+            let phys_bits = physical_bits(self.config.lock().unwrap().cpus.max_phys_bits);
            arch::generate_common_cpuid(
                &self.hypervisor,
                None,
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Bo Chen	3a63fa2613	build: Release v31.2 (bug fix release) Signed-off-by: Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>	2023-07-06 14:55:05 -07:00
Bo Chen	3a63143f33	misc: Address clippy beta issues Signed-off-by: Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Rob Bradford	064c1e2c8b	virtio-devices: Avoid clashing names in imports Don't import via glob to avoid (unused) objects colliding in the namespace. This fixes a beta clippy issue. Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <rbradford@rivosinc.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Rob Bradford	15b9d14876	net_gen: Avoid clashing names in imports Remove use of glob imports to fix an issue detected by clippy. Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <rbradford@rivosinc.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Alyssa Ross	9da363e79b	vmm: ignore and warn TAP FDs send in vm.create This does the same thing as `df2a7c17` ("vmm: Ignore and warn TAP FDs sent via the HTTP request body"), but for the vm.create endpoint, which also previously would accept file descriptors in the body, and try to use whatever fd occupied that number as a TAP device. Signed-off-by: Alyssa Ross <hi@alyssa.is>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Alyssa Ross	bbfd810c3b	vmm: allow restart_syscall() in PTY process This can be triggered by debugging cloud-hypervisor using gdb, or probably if the process is suspended and restarted. Fixes: https://github.com/cloud-hypervisor/cloud-hypervisor/issues/5489 Signed-off-by: Alyssa Ross <hi@alyssa.is>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Jianyong Wu	8fb86d2284	vfio: fix vfio device fail to initialize issue for 64k page size Currently, vfio device fails to initialize as the msix-cap region in BAR is mapped as RW region. To resolve the initialization issue, this commit avoids mapping the msix-cap region in the BAR. However, this solution introduces another problem where aligning the msix table offset in the BAR to the page size may cause overlap with the MMIO RW region, leading to reduced performance. By enlarging the entire region in the BAR and relocating the msix table to achieve page size alignment, this problem can be overcomed effectively. Fixes: #5292 Signed-off-by: Jianyong Wu <jianyong.wu@arm.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Jianyong Wu	797110cca1	vm-allocator: Add page size related functions To avoid code duplication extract page related functions to their own module and add utility functions for manipulating addresses related to page sizes Signed-off-by: Jianyong Wu <jianyong.wu@arm.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Bo Chen	19ca5c0b84	vmm: Clarify memory regions are required to be page-size aligned Signed-off-by: Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Bo Chen	9fe9b8504d	arch: Refactor the way of creating memory mapping This patch clarifies the assumptions we have regarding the guest address space layout while creating memory mapping in E820 on x86_64 and fdt on aarch64. It also explicitly checks on these assumptions and report errors if these assumptions do not hold. Signed-off-by: Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Yu Li	4fc3dd5004	vmm: memory_manager: align down the rest space of ram_region This commit renames `ram_region_sub_size` to `ram_region_available_size` and make its value align down to the default page size or hugepage size of the current memory zone, which can prevent the memory zone from being split into misaligned parts. And if the available size of ram region is zero, this region will be marked as consumed even it has unused space. Note that there is two methods to use hugepages. 1. Specify `hugepages` for `memory` or `memory-zone`, if the `hugepage_size` is not specified, the value can be got by `statfs` for `/dev/hugepages`. 2. Specify a `file` in hugetlbfs for `memory-zone`, the hugepage size can also be got by `statfs` for the file. The value for alignment will be the hugepage size if this memory zone is using hugepages, otherwise the value will be default page size of system. Fixes: #5463 Signed-off-by: Yu Li <liyu.yukiteru@bytedance.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Yu Li	6bc6365c35	arch: let `arch_memory_regions` return all available regions The previous `arch_memory_regions` function will provide some memory regions with the specified memory size and fill all the previous regions before using the next one, but sometimes there may be no need to fill up the previous one, e.g., the previous one should be aligned with hugepage size. This commit make `arch_memory_regions` function not take any parameters and return the max available regions, the memory manager can use them on demand. Fixes: #5463 Signed-off-by: Yu Li <liyu.yukiteru@bytedance.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Yu Li	e139cdfd69	arch: create memory mapping by the actual memory info The original codes did not consider that the previous memory region might not be full and always set it to the maximum size. This commit fixes this problem by creating memory mappings based on the actual memory details in both E820 on x86_64 and fdt on aarch64. Fixes: #5463 Signed-off-by: Yu Li <liyu.yukiteru@bytedance.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Yu Li	541de8b757	logger: use `write` with `\r\n` instead of `writeln` The device manager will set tty or pty to raw mode, all the `\n` will be LF without CR, which makes the output difficult to read. This commit solves it by using `write` with `\r\n` instead of `writeln`, which can print CR and LF explicitly. Signed-off-by: Yu Li <liyu.yukiteru@bytedance.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Yu Li	184dac70a0	vmm: use `unwrap_or` instead of `match` for `prefault` Signed-off-by: Yu Li <liyu.yukiteru@bytedance.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Jianyong Wu	022b489e7b	arch: x86_64: Populate the APIC Id Program the APIC ID (CPUID leaf 0x1 EBX) with the CPU id. This resolves an issue where the EDKII firmware expects the APIC ID to vary per-CPU. Fixes: #5475 Signed-off-by: Jianyong Wu <jianyong.wu@arm.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Alyssa Ross	399e2f9f7d	vmm, virtio-devices: allow mremap for consoles SerialBuffer uses VecDeque::extend, which calls realloc, which a maximum buffer size of 1 MiB. Starting at allocation sizes of 128 KiB, musl's mallocng allocator will use mremap for the allocation. Since this was not permitted by the seccomp rules, heavy write load could crash cloud-hypervisor with a seccomp failure. (Encountered using virtio-console, but I don't see any reason it wouldn't happen for the legacy serial device too.) Signed-off-by: Alyssa Ross <hi@alyssa.is>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Rafael Mendonca	22cc96494f	main: Fix error propagation if starting the VM fails Commit `21d40d7` ("main: reset tty if starting the VM fails") changed start_vmm() to join the vmm thread if an error happens after the vmm thread is started. The implementation put all the error-prone code that is run after the vmm is started in a closure, to be able to always join the vmm thread, regardless of any error happening. However, it missed propagating the error that might happen inside the closure back to the main function, after joining the vmm thread. For some cmd line options, the above issue inhibits proper error reporting when starting a VM with invalid commands, as many parameters are parsed after the vmm is started, thus if such parsing fails, no error will be reported back to the user. See: #5435 Fixes: `21d40d7` ("main: reset tty if starting the VM fails") Signed-off-by: Rafael Mendonca <rafaelmendsr@gmail.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Bo Chen	f98402ec15	vmm: Allocate guest memory address space before TDX initialization The refactoring on deferring address space allocation (#5169) broke TDX, as TDX initialization needs to access guest memory for encryption and measurement of guest pages. Signed-off-by: Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Jianyong Wu	acc54ade7b	vfio: align memory region size and address to PAGE_SIZE In current implementation, memory region used in vfio is assumed to align to 4k which may cause error when the PAGE_SIZE is not 4k, like on Arm, it can be 16k and 64k. Remove this assumption and align memory resource used by vfio to PAGE_SIZE then vfio can run on host with 64k PAGE_SIZE. Fixes: #5292 Signed-off-by: Jianyong Wu <jianyong.wu@arm.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Alyssa Ross	0ebbb3f8a2	vmm: allow getdents64 in seccomp filter This is used on older kernels where close_range() is not available. Signed-off-by: Alyssa Ross <hi@alyssa.is> Fixes: `505f4dfa` ("vmm: close all unused fds in sigwinch listener")	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Anatol Belski	95511287ec	tests: Enable topology integration tests under mshv Signed-off-by: Anatol Belski <anbelski@linux.microsoft.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Anatol Belski	5a3af30e6a	seccomp: Add filter entry for MSHV_VP_REGISTER_INTERCEPT_RESULT Signed-off-by: Anatol Belski <anbelski@linux.microsoft.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Anatol Belski	034b48faf7	mshv: Pass topology explicitly while constructing cpuid Unlike KVM, there's no internal handling for topoolgy under MSHV. Thus, if no topology has been passed during the CH launch, use the boot CPUs count to construct the topology struct. Signed-off-by: Anatol Belski <anbelski@linux.microsoft.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Anatol Belski	ba3e02ce86	hypervisor: mshv: Implement set_cpuid2 call Passing the CPUID leafs with the topology is integrated into the common mechanism of setting and patching CPUID in Cloud Hypervisor. All the CPUID values will be passed to the hypervisor through the register intercept call. Signed-off-by: Anatol Belski <anbelski@linux.microsoft.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Alyssa Ross	5492259af9	main: reset tty if starting the VM fails When I refactored this to centralise resetting the tty into DeviceManager::drop, I tested that the tty was reset if an error happened on the vmm thread, but not on the main thread. It turns out that if an error happened on the main thread, the process would just exit, so drop handlers on other threads wouldn't get run. To fix this, I've changed start_vmm() to write to the VMM's exit eventfd and then join the thread if an error happens after the vmm thread is started. Fixes: `b6feae0a` ("vmm: only touch the tty flags if it's being used") Signed-off-by: Alyssa Ross <hi@alyssa.is>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Alyssa Ross	cc1254d5e1	vmm: reset to the original termios Previously, we used two different functions for configuring ttys. vmm_sys_util::terminal::Terminal::set_raw_mode() was used to configure stdio ttys, and cfmakeraw() was used to configure ptys created by cloud-hypervisor. When I centralized the stdio tty cleanup, I also switched to using cfmakeraw() everywhere, to avoid duplication. cfmakeraw sets the OPOST flag, but when we later reset the ttys, we used vmm_sys_util::terminal::Terminal::set_canon_mode(), which does not unset this flag. This meant that the terminal was getting mostly, but not fully, reset. To fix this without depending on the implementation of cfmakeraw(), let's just store the original termios for stdio terminals, and restore them to exactly the state we found them in when cloud-hypervisor exits. Fixes: `b6feae0a` ("vmm: only touch the tty flags if it's being used") Signed-off-by: Alyssa Ross <hi@alyssa.is>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Rob Bradford	34bb3319d4	hypervisor, vmm: Limit max number of vCPUs to hypervisor maximum On KVM this is provided by an ioctl, on MSHV this is constant. Although there is a HV_MAXIMUM_PROCESSORS constant the MSHV ioctl API is limited to u8. Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <rbradford@rivosinc.com>	2023-07-05 09:36:08 -07:00
Bo Chen	d530569ac2	build: Release v31.1 (bug fix release) Signed-off-by: Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>	2023-04-18 16:41:02 -07:00
Bo Chen	75956e64ec	tests: Extend '_test_macvtap()' with reboot In this way, we can cover the scenario where a VM with hotplugged net device using FDs can work properly with reboot. Signed-off-by: Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>	2023-04-18 10:47:33 -07:00
Bo Chen	ae646c2a00	vmm: Add valid FDs for TAP devices to 'VmConfig::preserved_fds' In this way, valid FDs for TAP devices will be closed when the holding VmConfig instance is destroyed. Signed-off-by: Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>	2023-04-18 10:47:33 -07:00
Bo Chen	04d3e5bbf5	vmm: Add unit test for 'VmConfig::preserved_fds' Signed-off-by: Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>	2023-04-18 10:47:33 -07:00
Bo Chen	cbe972659c	vmm: Implement Clone and Drop for VmConfig The custom 'clone' duplicates 'preserved_fds' so that the validation logic can be safely carried out on the clone of the VmConfig. The custom 'drop' ensures 'preserved_fds' are safely closed when the holding VmConfig instance is destroyed. Signed-off-by: Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>	2023-04-18 10:47:33 -07:00
Bo Chen	1e4e03d110	vmm: config: Extend 'VmConfig' with 'preserved_fds' Preserved FDs are the ones that share the same life-time as its holding VmConfig instance, such as FDs for creating TAP devices. Preserved FDs will stay open as long as the holding VmConfig instance is valid, and will be closed when the holding VmConfig instance is destroyed. Signed-off-by: Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>	2023-04-18 10:47:33 -07:00
Bo Chen	4876f7550d	Revert "vmm: config: Implement Clone for NetConfig" This reverts commit `ea4a95c4f6`. Signed-off-by: Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>	2023-04-18 10:47:33 -07:00
Bo Chen	c0146e3ef1	Revert "vmm: config: Close FDs for TAP devices that are provided to VM" This reverts commit `b14427540b`. Signed-off-by: Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>	2023-04-18 10:47:33 -07:00
Bo Chen	77a205881b	Revert "vmm: config: Don't close reserved FDs from `NetConfig::drop()`" This reverts commit `0110fb4edc`. Signed-off-by: Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>	2023-04-18 10:47:33 -07:00
Bo Chen	321421c53e	Revert "vmm: config: Avoid closing invalid FDs from 'test_net_parsing()'" This reverts commit `0567def931`. Signed-off-by: Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>	2023-04-18 10:47:33 -07:00
Bo Chen	48a87e699d	Revert "vmm: config: Replace use of memfd_create with fd pointing to /dev/null" This reverts commit `46066d6ae1`. Signed-off-by: Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>	2023-04-18 10:47:33 -07:00
Alyssa Ross	147a800d5d	vmm: only touch the tty flags if it's being used When neither serial nor console are connected to the tty, cloud-hypervisor shouldn't touch the tty at all. One way in which this is annoying is that if I am running cloud-hypervisor without it using my terminal, I expect to be able to suspend it with ^Z like any other process, but that doesn't work if it's put the terminal into raw mode. Instead of putting the tty into raw mode when a VM is created or restored, do it when a serial or console device is created. Since we now know it can't be put into raw mode until the Vm object is created, we can move setting it back to canon mode into the drop handler for that object, which should always be run in normal operation. We still also put the tty into canon mode in the SIGTERM / SIGINT handler, but check whether the tty was actually used, rather than whether stdin is a tty. This requires passing on_tty around as an atomic boolean. I explored more of an abstraction over the tty — having an object that encapsulated stdout and put the tty into raw mode when initialized and into canon mode when dropped — but it wasn't practical, mostly due to the special requirements of the signal handler. I also investigated whether the SIGWINCH listener process could be used here, which I think would have worked but I'm hesitant to involve it in serial handling as well as conosle handling. There's no longer a check for whether the file descriptor is a tty before setting it into canon mode — it's redundant, because if it's not a tty it just won't respond to the ioctl. Tested by shutting down through the API, SIGTERM, and an error injected after setting raw mode. Signed-off-by: Alyssa Ross <hi@alyssa.is>	2023-04-18 10:47:33 -07:00
Alyssa Ross	eaf8cbd47d	vmm: don't redundantly set the TTY to canon mode If the VM is shut down, either it's going to be started again, in which case we still want to be in raw mode, or the process is about to exit, in which case canon mode will be set at the end of main. Signed-off-by: Alyssa Ross <hi@alyssa.is>	2023-04-18 10:47:33 -07:00
Alyssa Ross	9d24e862eb	vmm: only use KVM_ARM_VCPU_PMU_V3 if available Having PMU in guests isn't critical, and not all hardware supports it (e.g. Apple Silicon). CpuManager::init_pmu already has a fallback for if PMU is not supported by the VCPU, but we weren't getting that far, because we would always try to initialise the VCPU with KVM_ARM_VCPU_PMU_V3, and then bail when it returned with EINVAL. Signed-off-by: Alyssa Ross <hi@alyssa.is>	2023-04-18 10:47:33 -07:00
Alyssa Ross	11324ac21c	virtio-devices: seccomp: add vhost-user syscalls Cloud Hypervisor's vhost-user implementation will reconnect if it gets disconnected from the backend. That means connections happen inside the vhost-user seccomp sandbox, so all syscalls used in reconnecting have to be allowed in that sandbox. clock_nanosleep is used by Glibc, and nanosleep is used by musl. Signed-off-by: Alyssa Ross <hi@alyssa.is>	2023-04-18 10:47:33 -07:00
Bo Chen	ce75865e2c	vmm: Ignore and warn TAP FDs sent via the HTTP request body Valid FDs can only be sent from another process via `SCM_RIGHTS`. Signed-off-by: Bo Chen <chen.bo@intel.com>	2023-04-18 10:47:33 -07:00